· 6 years ago · Mar 07, 2019, 03:18 PM
1To run a command as administrator (user "root"), use "sudo <command>".
2See "man sudo_root" for details.
3
4ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ su /
5No passwd entry for user '/'
6ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ su -
7Password:
8su: Authentication failure
9ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo su -
10root@ubuntu:~# lsblk
11NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
12loop0 7:0 0 1.8G 1 loop /rofs
13loop1 7:1 0 91M 1 loop /snap/core/6350
14loop2 7:2 0 34.6M 1 loop /snap/gtk-common-themes/818
15loop3 7:3 0 140.7M 1 loop /snap/gnome-3-26-1604/74
16loop4 7:4 0 2.3M 1 loop /snap/gnome-calculator/260
17loop5 7:5 0 13M 1 loop /snap/gnome-characters/139
18loop6 7:6 0 14.5M 1 loop /snap/gnome-logs/45
19loop7 7:7 0 3.7M 1 loop /snap/gnome-system-monitor/57
20sda 8:0 0 1.8T 0 disk
21sdb 8:16 1 15G 0 disk
22└─sdb1 8:17 1 15G 0 part /cdrom
23sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
24root@ubuntu:~# fio
25
26Command 'fio' not found, but can be installed with:
27
28apt install fio
29
30root@ubuntu:~# apt install fio
31Reading package lists... Done
32Building dependency tree
33Reading state information... Done
34E: Unable to locate package fio
35root@ubuntu:~# apt update
36Hit:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease
37Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease [88.7 kB]
38Get:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease [88.7 kB]
39Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 Packages [544 kB]
40Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main Translation-en [202 kB]
41Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [278 kB]
42Get:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main DEP-11 48x48 Icons [66.7 kB]
43Get:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main DEP-11 64x64 Icons [123 kB]
44Get:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [6996 B]
45Get:10 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main amd64 Packages [281 kB]
46Get:11 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main Translation-en [103 kB]
47Get:12 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [204 B]
48Fetched 1782 kB in 1s (1531 kB/s)
49Reading package lists... Done
50Building dependency tree
51Reading state information... Done
52113 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
53root@ubuntu:~# apt install fio
54Reading package lists... Done
55Building dependency tree
56Reading state information... Done
57E: Unable to locate package fio
58root@ubuntu:~# pico /etc/apt/sources.list
59root@ubuntu:~# apt update
60Hit:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease
61Hit:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease
62Hit:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease
63Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packages [8570 kB]
64Get:5 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe amd64 Packages [126 kB]
65Get:6 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe Translation-en [71.4 kB]
66Get:7 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [20.8 kB]
67Get:8 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe DEP-11 48x48 Icons [12.2 kB]
68Get:9 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe DEP-11 64x64 Icons [50.1 kB]
69Get:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe Translation-en [4941 kB]
70Get:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [3287 kB]
71Get:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe DEP-11 48x48 Icons [2151 kB]
72Get:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe DEP-11 64x64 Icons [8420 kB]
73Get:14 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe amd64 Packages [739 kB]
74Get:15 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe Translation-en [191 kB]
75Get:16 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [202 kB]
76Get:17 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe DEP-11 48x48 Icons [191 kB]
77Get:18 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe DEP-11 64x64 Icons [346 kB]
78Fetched 29.3 MB in 6s (4708 kB/s)
79Reading package lists... Done
80Building dependency tree
81Reading state information... Done
82113 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
83root@ubuntu:~# apt install fio
84Reading package lists... Done
85Building dependency tree
86Reading state information... Done
87The following additional packages will be installed:
88 ibverbs-providers libaio1 libibverbs1 libnl-route-3-200 librados2 librbd1 librdmacm1
89Suggested packages:
90 gnuplot gfio python-scipy
91The following NEW packages will be installed:
92 fio ibverbs-providers libaio1 libibverbs1 libnl-route-3-200 librados2 librbd1 librdmacm1
930 upgraded, 8 newly installed, 0 to remove and 113 not upgraded.
94Need to get 4453 kB of archives.
95After this operation, 18.7 MB of additional disk space will be used.
96Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
97Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 libaio1 amd64 0.3.110-5 [6448 B]
98Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 libnl-route-3-200 amd64 3.2.29-0ubuntu3 [146 kB]
99Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 libibverbs1 amd64 17.1-1ubuntu0.1 [44.5 kB]
100Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 librados2 amd64 12.2.8-0ubuntu0.18.04.2 [2657 kB]
101Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 librbd1 amd64 12.2.8-0ubuntu0.18.04.2 [915 kB]
102Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 librdmacm1 amd64 17.1-1ubuntu0.1 [56.0 kB]
103Get:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 fio amd64 3.1-1 [467 kB]
104Get:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 ibverbs-providers amd64 17.1-1ubuntu0.1 [160 kB]
105Fetched 4453 kB in 1s (6660 kB/s)
106Selecting previously unselected package libaio1:amd64.
107(Reading database ... 143252 files and directories currently installed.)
108Preparing to unpack .../0-libaio1_0.3.110-5_amd64.deb ...
109Unpacking libaio1:amd64 (0.3.110-5) ...
110Selecting previously unselected package libnl-route-3-200:amd64.
111Preparing to unpack .../1-libnl-route-3-200_3.2.29-0ubuntu3_amd64.deb ...
112Unpacking libnl-route-3-200:amd64 (3.2.29-0ubuntu3) ...
113Selecting previously unselected package libibverbs1:amd64.
114Preparing to unpack .../2-libibverbs1_17.1-1ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb ...
115Unpacking libibverbs1:amd64 (17.1-1ubuntu0.1) ...
116Selecting previously unselected package librados2.
117Preparing to unpack .../3-librados2_12.2.8-0ubuntu0.18.04.2_amd64.deb ...
118Unpacking librados2 (12.2.8-0ubuntu0.18.04.2) ...
119Selecting previously unselected package librbd1.
120Preparing to unpack .../4-librbd1_12.2.8-0ubuntu0.18.04.2_amd64.deb ...
121Unpacking librbd1 (12.2.8-0ubuntu0.18.04.2) ...
122Selecting previously unselected package librdmacm1:amd64.
123Preparing to unpack .../5-librdmacm1_17.1-1ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb ...
124Unpacking librdmacm1:amd64 (17.1-1ubuntu0.1) ...
125Selecting previously unselected package fio.
126Preparing to unpack .../6-fio_3.1-1_amd64.deb ...
127Unpacking fio (3.1-1) ...
128Selecting previously unselected package ibverbs-providers:amd64.
129Preparing to unpack .../7-ibverbs-providers_17.1-1ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb ...
130Unpacking ibverbs-providers:amd64 (17.1-1ubuntu0.1) ...
131Setting up libnl-route-3-200:amd64 (3.2.29-0ubuntu3) ...
132Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...
133Setting up libaio1:amd64 (0.3.110-5) ...
134Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ...
135Setting up libibverbs1:amd64 (17.1-1ubuntu0.1) ...
136Setting up librdmacm1:amd64 (17.1-1ubuntu0.1) ...
137Setting up librados2 (12.2.8-0ubuntu0.18.04.2) ...
138Setting up ibverbs-providers:amd64 (17.1-1ubuntu0.1) ...
139Setting up librbd1 (12.2.8-0ubuntu0.18.04.2) ...
140Setting up fio (3.1-1) ...
141Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...
142root@ubuntu:~# fio
143No job(s) defined
144
145fio-3.1
146fio [options] [job options] <job file(s)>
147 --debug=options Enable debug logging. May be one/more of:
148 process,file,io,mem,blktrace,verify,random,parse,
149 diskutil,job,mutex,profile,time,net,rate,compress,
150 steadystate,helperthread
151 --parse-only Parse options only, don't start any IO
152 --output Write output to file
153 --bandwidth-log Generate aggregate bandwidth logs
154 --minimal Minimal (terse) output
155 --output-format=type Output format (terse,json,json+,normal)
156 --terse-version=type Set terse version output format (default 3, or 2 or 4)
157 --version Print version info and exit
158 --help Print this page
159 --cpuclock-test Perform test/validation of CPU clock
160 --crctest=[type] Test speed of checksum functions
161 --cmdhelp=cmd Print command help, "all" for all of them
162 --enghelp=engine Print ioengine help, or list available ioengines
163 --enghelp=engine,cmd Print help for an ioengine cmd
164 --showcmd Turn a job file into command line options
165 --eta=when When ETA estimate should be printed
166 May be "always", "never" or "auto"
167 --eta-newline=time Force a new line for every 'time' period passed
168 --status-interval=t Force full status dump every 't' period passed
169 --readonly Turn on safety read-only checks, preventing writes
170 --section=name Only run specified section in job file, multiple sections can be specified
171 --alloc-size=kb Set smalloc pool to this size in kb (def 16384)
172 --warnings-fatal Fio parser warnings are fatal
173 --max-jobs=nr Maximum number of threads/processes to support
174 --server=args Start a backend fio server
175 --daemonize=pidfile Background fio server, write pid to file
176 --client=hostname Talk to remote backend(s) fio server at hostname
177 --remote-config=file Tell fio server to load this local job file
178 --idle-prof=option Report cpu idleness on a system or percpu basis
179 (option=system,percpu) or run unit work
180 calibration only (option=calibrate)
181 --inflate-log=log Inflate and output compressed log
182 --trigger-file=file Execute trigger cmd when file exists
183 --trigger-timeout=t Execute trigger at this time
184 --trigger=cmd Set this command as local trigger
185 --trigger-remote=cmd Set this command as remote trigger
186 --aux-path=path Use this path for fio state generated files
187
188Fio was written by Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
189 Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
190 Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
191root@ubuntu:~# fio --filename=/dev/sda --direct=1 --sync=1 --rw=write --bs=4k --numjobs=1 --iodepth=1 --runtime=60 --time_based --group_reporting
192No job(s) defined
193
194fio-3.1
195fio [options] [job options] <job file(s)>
196 --debug=options Enable debug logging. May be one/more of:
197 process,file,io,mem,blktrace,verify,random,parse,
198 diskutil,job,mutex,profile,time,net,rate,compress,
199 steadystate,helperthread
200 --parse-only Parse options only, don't start any IO
201 --output Write output to file
202 --bandwidth-log Generate aggregate bandwidth logs
203 --minimal Minimal (terse) output
204 --output-format=type Output format (terse,json,json+,normal)
205 --terse-version=type Set terse version output format (default 3, or 2 or 4)
206 --version Print version info and exit
207 --help Print this page
208 --cpuclock-test Perform test/validation of CPU clock
209 --crctest=[type] Test speed of checksum functions
210 --cmdhelp=cmd Print command help, "all" for all of them
211 --enghelp=engine Print ioengine help, or list available ioengines
212 --enghelp=engine,cmd Print help for an ioengine cmd
213 --showcmd Turn a job file into command line options
214 --eta=when When ETA estimate should be printed
215 May be "always", "never" or "auto"
216 --eta-newline=time Force a new line for every 'time' period passed
217 --status-interval=t Force full status dump every 't' period passed
218 --readonly Turn on safety read-only checks, preventing writes
219 --section=name Only run specified section in job file, multiple sections can be specified
220 --alloc-size=kb Set smalloc pool to this size in kb (def 16384)
221 --warnings-fatal Fio parser warnings are fatal
222 --max-jobs=nr Maximum number of threads/processes to support
223 --server=args Start a backend fio server
224 --daemonize=pidfile Background fio server, write pid to file
225 --client=hostname Talk to remote backend(s) fio server at hostname
226 --remote-config=file Tell fio server to load this local job file
227 --idle-prof=option Report cpu idleness on a system or percpu basis
228 (option=system,percpu) or run unit work
229 calibration only (option=calibrate)
230 --inflate-log=log Inflate and output compressed log
231 --trigger-file=file Execute trigger cmd when file exists
232 --trigger-timeout=t Execute trigger at this time
233 --trigger=cmd Set this command as local trigger
234 --trigger-remote=cmd Set this command as remote trigger
235 --aux-path=path Use this path for fio state generated files
236
237Fio was written by Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
238 Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
239 Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
240root@ubuntu:~# fio --filename=/dev/sda --direct=1 --sync=1 --rw=write --bs=4k --numjobs=1 --iodepth=1 --runtime=60 --time_based --group_reporting --name=test
241test: (g=0): rw=write, bs=(R) 4096B-4096B, (W) 4096B-4096B, (T) 4096B-4096B, ioengine=psync, iodepth=1
242fio-3.1
243Starting 1 process
244Jobs: 1 (f=1): [W(1)][100.0%][r=0KiB/s,w=16.7MiB/s][r=0,w=4277 IOPS][eta 00m:00s]
245test: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=4677: Thu Mar 7 15:05:58 2019
246 write: IOPS=4146, BW=16.2MiB/s (16.0MB/s)(972MiB/60001msec)
247 clat (usec): min=208, max=16167, avg=234.26, stdev=176.82
248 lat (usec): min=209, max=16169, avg=235.70, stdev=176.84
249 clat percentiles (usec):
250 | 1.00th=[ 219], 5.00th=[ 221], 10.00th=[ 221], 20.00th=[ 223],
251 | 30.00th=[ 225], 40.00th=[ 227], 50.00th=[ 231], 60.00th=[ 231],
252 | 70.00th=[ 235], 80.00th=[ 237], 90.00th=[ 239], 95.00th=[ 241],
253 | 99.00th=[ 253], 99.50th=[ 265], 99.90th=[ 1663], 99.95th=[ 2376],
254 | 99.99th=[ 9896]
255 bw ( KiB/s): min=14722, max=17400, per=99.94%, avg=16575.72, stdev=533.28, samples=119
256 iops : min= 3680, max= 4350, avg=4143.92, stdev=133.35, samples=119
257 lat (usec) : 250=98.63%, 500=1.20%, 750=0.03%, 1000=0.01%
258 lat (msec) : 2=0.06%, 4=0.05%, 10=0.02%, 20=0.01%
259 cpu : usr=2.79%, sys=9.81%, ctx=497624, majf=0, minf=12
260 IO depths : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
261 submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
262 complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
263 issued rwt: total=0,248794,0, short=0,0,0, dropped=0,0,0
264 latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=1
265
266Run status group 0 (all jobs):
267 WRITE: bw=16.2MiB/s (16.0MB/s), 16.2MiB/s-16.2MiB/s (16.0MB/s-16.0MB/s), io=972MiB (1019MB), run=60001-60001msec
268
269Disk stats (read/write):
270 sda: ios=33/496586, merge=0/0, ticks=0/488, in_queue=52256, util=87.12%
271root@ubuntu:~# hdparm
272
273hdparm - get/set hard disk parameters - version v9.54, by Mark Lord.
274
275clue=6
276Usage: hdparm [options] [device ...]
277
278Options:
279 -a Get/set fs readahead
280 -A Get/set the drive look-ahead flag (0/1)
281 -b Get/set bus state (0 == off, 1 == on, 2 == tristate)
282 -B Set Advanced Power Management setting (1-255)
283 -c Get/set IDE 32-bit IO setting
284 -C Check drive power mode status
285 -d Get/set using_dma flag
286 -D Enable/disable drive defect management
287 -E Set cd/dvd drive speed
288 -f Flush buffer cache for device on exit
289 -F Flush drive write cache
290 -g Display drive geometry
291 -h Display terse usage information
292 -H Read temperature from drive (Hitachi only)
293 -i Display drive identification
294 -I Detailed/current information directly from drive
295 -J Get/set Western DIgital "Idle3" timeout for a WDC "Green" drive (DANGEROUS)
296 -k Get/set keep_settings_over_reset flag (0/1)
297 -K Set drive keep_features_over_reset flag (0/1)
298 -L Set drive doorlock (0/1) (removable harddisks only)
299 -m Get/set multiple sector count
300 -M Get/set acoustic management (0-254, 128: quiet, 254: fast)
301 -n Get/set ignore-write-errors flag (0/1)
302 -N Get/set max visible number of sectors (HPA) (VERY DANGEROUS)
303 -p Set PIO mode on IDE interface chipset (0,1,2,3,4,...)
304 -P Set drive prefetch count
305 -q Change next setting quietly
306 -Q Get/set DMA queue_depth (if supported)
307 -r Get/set device readonly flag (DANGEROUS to set)
308 -R Get/set device write-read-verify flag
309 -s Set power-up in standby flag (0/1) (DANGEROUS)
310 -S Set standby (spindown) timeout
311 -t Perform device read timings
312 -T Perform cache read timings
313 -u Get/set unmaskirq flag (0/1)
314 -U Obsolete
315 -v Use defaults; same as -acdgkmur for IDE drives
316 -V Display program version and exit immediately
317 -w Perform device reset (DANGEROUS)
318 -W Get/set drive write-caching flag (0/1)
319 -x Obsolete
320 -X Set IDE xfer mode (DANGEROUS)
321 -y Put drive in standby mode
322 -Y Put drive to sleep
323 -z Re-read partition table
324 -Z Disable Seagate auto-powersaving mode
325 --dco-freeze Freeze/lock current device configuration until next power cycle
326 --dco-identify Read/dump device configuration identify data
327 --dco-restore Reset device configuration back to factory defaults
328 --dco-setmax Use DCO to set maximum addressable sectors
329 --direct Use O_DIRECT to bypass page cache for timings
330 --drq-hsm-error Crash system with a "stuck DRQ" error (VERY DANGEROUS)
331 --fallocate Create a file without writing data to disk
332 --fibmap Show device extents (and fragmentation) for a file
333 --fwdownload Download firmware file to drive (EXTREMELY DANGEROUS)
334 --fwdownload-mode3 Download firmware using min-size segments (EXTREMELY DANGEROUS)
335 --fwdownload-mode3-max Download firmware using max-size segments (EXTREMELY DANGEROUS)
336 --fwdownload-mode7 Download firmware using a single segment (EXTREMELY DANGEROUS)
337 --fwdownload-modee Download firmware using mode E (min-size segments) (EXTREMELY DANGEROUS)
338 --fwdownload-modee-max Download firmware using mode E (max-size segments) (EXTREMELY DANGEROUS)
339 --idle-immediate Idle drive immediately
340 --idle-unload Idle immediately and unload heads
341 --Istdin Read identify data from stdin as ASCII hex
342 --Istdout Write identify data to stdout as ASCII hex
343 --make-bad-sector Deliberately corrupt a sector directly on the media (VERY DANGEROUS)
344 --offset use with -t, to begin timings at given offset (in GiB) from start of drive
345 --prefer-ata12 Use 12-byte (instead of 16-byte) SAT commands when possible
346 --read-sector Read and dump (in hex) a sector directly from the media
347 --repair-sector Alias for the --write-sector option (VERY DANGEROUS)
348 --sanitize-antifreeze-lock Block sanitize-freeze-lock command until next power cycle
349 --sanitize-block-erase Start block erase operation
350 --sanitize-crypto-scramble Change the internal encryption keys that used for used data
351 --sanitize-freeze-lock Lock drive's sanitize features until next power cycle
352 --sanitize-overwrite PATTERN Overwrite the internal media with constant PATTERN
353 --sanitize-status Show sanitize status information
354 --security-help Display help for ATA security commands
355 --trim-sector-ranges Tell SSD firmware to discard unneeded data sectors: lba:count ..
356 --trim-sector-ranges-stdin Same as above, but reads lba:count pairs from stdin
357 --verbose Display extra diagnostics from some commands
358 --write-sector Repair/overwrite a (possibly bad) sector directly on the media (VERY DANGEROUS)
359
360root@ubuntu:~# hdparm -I /dev/sda
361
362/dev/sda:
363
364ATA device, with non-removable media
365 Model Number: INTEL SSDSC2KG019T8
366 Serial Number: PHYG850000NK1P9DGN
367 Firmware Revision: XCV10100
368 Media Serial Num:
369 Media Manufacturer:
370 Transport: Serial, ATA8-AST, SATA 1.0a, SATA II Extensions, SATA Rev 2.5, SATA Rev 2.6, SATA Rev 3.0
371Standards:
372 Used: unknown (minor revision code 0x006d)
373 Supported: 10 9 8 7 6 5
374 Likely used: 10
375Configuration:
376 Logical max current
377 cylinders 16383 0
378 heads 16 0
379 sectors/track 63 0
380 --
381 LBA user addressable sectors: 268435455
382 LBA48 user addressable sectors: 3750748848
383 Logical Sector size: 512 bytes
384 Physical Sector size: 4096 bytes
385 Logical Sector-0 offset: 0 bytes
386 device size with M = 1024*1024: 1831420 MBytes
387 device size with M = 1000*1000: 1920383 MBytes (1920 GB)
388 cache/buffer size = unknown
389 Form Factor: 2.5 inch
390 Nominal Media Rotation Rate: Solid State Device
391Capabilities:
392 LBA, IORDY(can be disabled)
393 Queue depth: 32
394 Standby timer values: spec'd by Standard, no device specific minimum
395 R/W multiple sector transfer: Max = 1 Current = 1
396 DMA: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 *udma6
397 Cycle time: min=120ns recommended=120ns
398 PIO: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4
399 Cycle time: no flow control=120ns IORDY flow control=120ns
400Commands/features:
401 Enabled Supported:
402 * SMART feature set
403 Security Mode feature set
404 * Power Management feature set
405 * Write cache
406 * Look-ahead
407 * WRITE_BUFFER command
408 * READ_BUFFER command
409 * NOP cmd
410 * DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
411 * 48-bit Address feature set
412 * Mandatory FLUSH_CACHE
413 * FLUSH_CACHE_EXT
414 * SMART error logging
415 * SMART self-test
416 * General Purpose Logging feature set
417 * WRITE_{DMA|MULTIPLE}_FUA_EXT
418 * 64-bit World wide name
419 * IDLE_IMMEDIATE with UNLOAD
420 * WRITE_UNCORRECTABLE_EXT command
421 * {READ,WRITE}_DMA_EXT_GPL commands
422 * Segmented DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
423 * unknown 119[6]
424 * unknown 119[8]
425 * Gen1 signaling speed (1.5Gb/s)
426 * Gen2 signaling speed (3.0Gb/s)
427 * Gen3 signaling speed (6.0Gb/s)
428 * Native Command Queueing (NCQ)
429 * Phy event counters
430 * READ_LOG_DMA_EXT equivalent to READ_LOG_EXT
431 * Software settings preservation
432 * SMART Command Transport (SCT) feature set
433 * SCT Write Same (AC2)
434 * SCT Error Recovery Control (AC3)
435 * SCT Features Control (AC4)
436 * SCT Data Tables (AC5)
437 * SANITIZE_ANTIFREEZE_LOCK_EXT command
438 * SANITIZE feature set
439 * CRYPTO_SCRAMBLE_EXT command
440 * OVERWRITE_EXT command
441 * BLOCK_ERASE_EXT command
442 * reserved 69[2]
443 * reserved 69[3]
444 * reserved 69[4]
445 * Data Set Management TRIM supported (limit 4 blocks)
446 * Deterministic read ZEROs after TRIM
447Security:
448 Master password revision code = 65534
449 supported
450 not enabled
451 not locked
452 not frozen
453 not expired: security count
454 supported: enhanced erase
455 6min for SECURITY ERASE UNIT. 6min for ENHANCED SECURITY ERASE UNIT.
456Logical Unit WWN Device Identifier: 55cd2e4150613cd4
457 NAA : 5
458 IEEE OUI : 5cd2e4
459 Unique ID : 150613cd4
460Checksum: correct
461root@ubuntu:~# fio --filename=/dev/sda --direct=1 --sync=1 --rw=write --bs=4k --numjobs=2 --iodepth=1 --runtime=60 --time_based --group_reporting --name=test
462test: (g=0): rw=write, bs=(R) 4096B-4096B, (W) 4096B-4096B, (T) 4096B-4096B, ioengine=psync, iodepth=1
463...
464fio-3.1
465Starting 2 processes
466Jobs: 2 (f=2): [W(2)][100.0%][r=0KiB/s,w=22.1MiB/s][r=0,w=5648 IOPS][eta 00m:00s]
467test: (groupid=0, jobs=2): err= 0: pid=4688: Thu Mar 7 15:10:23 2019
468 write: IOPS=5407, BW=21.1MiB/s (22.1MB/s)(1267MiB/60001msec)
469 clat (usec): min=223, max=14167, avg=363.15, stdev=162.32
470 lat (usec): min=225, max=14168, avg=364.68, stdev=162.38
471 clat percentiles (usec):
472 | 1.00th=[ 326], 5.00th=[ 330], 10.00th=[ 334], 20.00th=[ 338],
473 | 30.00th=[ 343], 40.00th=[ 343], 50.00th=[ 347], 60.00th=[ 347],
474 | 70.00th=[ 351], 80.00th=[ 355], 90.00th=[ 367], 95.00th=[ 449],
475 | 99.00th=[ 570], 99.50th=[ 635], 99.90th=[ 2474], 99.95th=[ 2671],
476 | 99.99th=[ 3982]
477 bw ( KiB/s): min= 6544, max=11752, per=49.99%, avg=10812.86, stdev=954.48, samples=238
478 iops : min= 1636, max= 2938, avg=2703.20, stdev=238.62, samples=238
479 lat (usec) : 250=0.02%, 500=96.91%, 750=2.59%, 1000=0.05%
480 lat (msec) : 2=0.20%, 4=0.22%, 10=0.01%, 20=0.01%
481 cpu : usr=1.98%, sys=7.79%, ctx=652837, majf=0, minf=18
482 IO depths : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
483 submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
484 complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
485 issued rwt: total=0,324449,0, short=0,0,0, dropped=0,0,0
486 latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=1
487
488Run status group 0 (all jobs):
489 WRITE: bw=21.1MiB/s (22.1MB/s), 21.1MiB/s-21.1MiB/s (22.1MB/s-22.1MB/s), io=1267MiB (1329MB), run=60001-60001msec
490
491Disk stats (read/write):
492 sda: ios=38/647852, merge=0/0, ticks=20/172, in_queue=105132, util=97.91%
493root@ubuntu:~# fio --filename=/dev/sda --direct=1 --sync=1 --rw=write --bs=4k --numjobs=5 --iodepth=1 --runtime=60 --time_based --group_reporting --name=test
494test: (g=0): rw=write, bs=(R) 4096B-4096B, (W) 4096B-4096B, (T) 4096B-4096B, ioengine=psync, iodepth=1
495...
496fio-3.1
497Starting 5 processes
498Jobs: 5 (f=5): [W(5)][100.0%][r=0KiB/s,w=27.5MiB/s][r=0,w=7032 IOPS][eta 00m:00s]
499test: (groupid=0, jobs=5): err= 0: pid=5086: Thu Mar 7 15:14:32 2019
500 write: IOPS=7131, BW=27.9MiB/s (29.2MB/s)(1672MiB/60002msec)
501 clat (usec): min=216, max=16026, avg=690.95, stdev=332.65
502 lat (usec): min=217, max=16028, avg=693.14, stdev=333.99
503 clat percentiles (usec):
504 | 1.00th=[ 379], 5.00th=[ 478], 10.00th=[ 562], 20.00th=[ 594],
505 | 30.00th=[ 611], 40.00th=[ 627], 50.00th=[ 635], 60.00th=[ 644],
506 | 70.00th=[ 660], 80.00th=[ 701], 90.00th=[ 766], 95.00th=[ 840],
507 | 99.00th=[ 2704], 99.50th=[ 2769], 99.90th=[ 3064], 99.95th=[ 4178],
508 | 99.99th=[ 5800]
509 bw ( KiB/s): min= 4064, max= 6960, per=20.00%, avg=5706.32, stdev=309.94, samples=600
510 iops : min= 1016, max= 1740, avg=1426.50, stdev=77.50, samples=600
511 lat (usec) : 250=0.03%, 500=5.46%, 750=83.57%, 1000=7.60%
512 lat (msec) : 2=0.77%, 4=2.50%, 10=0.07%, 20=0.01%
513 cpu : usr=1.09%, sys=6.05%, ctx=864221, majf=0, minf=59
514 IO depths : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
515 submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
516 complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
517 issued rwt: total=0,427904,0, short=0,0,0, dropped=0,0,0
518 latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=1
519
520Run status group 0 (all jobs):
521 WRITE: bw=27.9MiB/s (29.2MB/s), 27.9MiB/s-27.9MiB/s (29.2MB/s-29.2MB/s), io=1672MiB (1753MB), run=60002-60002msec
522
523Disk stats (read/write):
524 sda: ios=76/854264, merge=0/0, ticks=0/228, in_queue=256516, util=96.87%
525root@ubuntu:~#