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2NO.1 Which of the following is a wireless network detector that is commonly found on Linux?
3A. Kismet
4B. Abel
5C. Netstumbler
6D. Nessus
7Answer: A
8NO.2 A security consultant decides to use multiple layers of anti-virus defense, such as end user
9desktop anti-virus and E-mail gateway. This approach can be used to mitigate which kind of attack?
10A. Forensic attack
11B. ARP spoofing attack
12C. Social engineering attack
13D. Scanning attack
14Answer: C
15NO.3 Code injection is a form of attack in which a malicious user:
16A. Inserts text into a data field that gets interpreted as code
17B. Gets the server to execute arbitrary code using a buffer overflow
18C. Inserts additional code into the JavaScript running in the browser
19D. Gains access to the codebase on the server and inserts new code
20Answer: A
21NO.4 Sid is a judge for a programming contest. Before the code reaches him it goes through a
22restricted OS and is tested there. If it passes, then it moves onto Sid. What is this middle step called?
23A. Fuzzy-testing the code
24B. Third party running the code
25C. Sandboxing the code
26D. String validating the code
27Answer: A
28NO.5 The Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) contains six different categories of
29control objectives. Each objective contains one or more requirements, which must be followed in
30order to achieve compliance. Which of the following requirements would best fit under the objective,
31"Implement strong access control measures"?
32A. Regularly test security systems and processes.
33B. Encrypt transmission of cardholder data across open, public networks.
34C. Assign a unique ID to each person with computer access.
35D. Use and regularly update anti-virus software on all systems commonly affected by malware.
36Answer: C
37NO.6 Which of the following act requires employer's standard national numbers to identify them on
38standard transactions?
39A. SOX
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42B. HIPAA
43C. DMCA
44D. PCI-DSS
45Answer: B
46NO.7 Which of the following is an NMAP script that could help detect HTTP Methods such as GET,
47POST, HEAD, PUT, DELETE, TRACE?
48A. http-git
49B. http-headers
50C. http enum
51D. http-methods
52Answer: D
53NO.8 Fred is the network administrator for his company. Fred is testing an internal switch.
54From an external IP address, Fred wants to try and trick this switch into thinking it already has
55established a session with his computer. How can Fred accomplish this?
56A. Fred can accomplish this by sending an IP packet with the RST/SIN bit and the source address of
57his computer.
58B. He can send an IP packet with the SYN bit and the source address of his computer.
59C. Fred can send an IP packet with the ACK bit set to zero and the source address of the switch.
60D. Fred can send an IP packet to the switch with the ACK bit and the source address of his machine.
61Answer: D
62NO.9 What is the process of logging, recording, and resolving events that take place in an
63organization?
64A. Incident Management Process
65B. Security Policy
66C. Internal Procedure
67D. Metrics
68Answer: A
69Explanation
70The activities within the incident management process include:
71References:
72https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incident_management_(ITSM)#Incident_management_procedure
73NO.10 A hacker has managed to gain access to a Linux host and stolen the password file from
74/etc/passwd. How can he use it?
75A. The password file does not contain the passwords themselves.
76B. He can open it and read the user ids and corresponding passwords.
77C. The file reveals the passwords to the root user only.
78D. He cannot read it because it is encrypted.
79Answer: A
80NO.11 What is the most secure way to mitigate the theft of corporate information from a laptop
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83that was left in a hotel room?
84A. Set a BIOS password.
85B. Encrypt the data on the hard drive.
86C. Use a strong logon password to the operating system.
87D. Back up everything on the laptop and store the backup in a safe place.
88Answer: B
89NO.12 You are manually conducting Idle Scanning using Hping2. During your scanning you notice
90that almost every query increments the IPID regardless of the port being queried. One or two of the
91queries cause the IPID to increment by more than one value. Why do you think this occurs?
92A. The zombie you are using is not truly idle.
93B. A stateful inspection firewall is resetting your queries.
94C. Hping2 cannot be used for idle scanning.
95D. These ports are actually open on the target system.
96Answer: A
97NO.13 Darius is analysing IDS logs. During the investigation, he noticed that there was nothing
98suspicious found and an alert was triggered on normal web application traffic. He can mark this alert
99as:
100A. False-Negative
101B. False-Positive
102C. True-Positive
103D. False-Signature
104Answer: A
105NO.14 What is the proper response for a NULL scan if the port is closed?
106A. SYN
107B. ACK
108C. FIN
109D. PSH
110E. RST
111F. No response
112Answer: E
113NO.15 The Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) is the worldwide not-for-profit
114charitable organization focused on improving the security of software. What item is the primary
115concern on OWASP's Top Ten Project Most Critical Web Application Security Risks?
116A. Injection
117B. Cross Site Scripting
118C. Cross Site Request Forgery
119D. Path disclosure
120Answer: A
121Explanation
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124The top item of the OWASP 2013 OWASP's Top Ten Project Most Critical Web Application Security
125Risks is injection.
126Injection flaws, such as SQL, OS, and LDAP injection occur when untrusted data is sent to an
127interpreter as part of a command or query. The attacker's hostile data can trick the interpreter into
128executing unintended commands or accessing data without proper authorization.
129References: https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Top_10_2013-Top_10
130NO.16 A recent security audit revealed that there were indeed several occasions that the company's
131network was breached. After investigating, you discover that your IDS is not configured properly and
132therefore is unable to trigger alarms when needed. What type of alert is the IDS giving?
133A. True Positive
134B. False Negative
135C. False Positive
136D. False Positive
137Answer: B
138Explanation
139New questions
140NO.17 A Network Administrator was recently promoted to Chief Security Officer at a local university.
141One of employee's new responsibilities is to manage the implementation of an RFID card access
142system to a new server room on campus. The server room will house student enrollment information
143that is securely backed up to an off-site location.
144During a meeting with an outside consultant, the Chief Security Officer explains that he is concerned
145that the existing security controls have not been designed properly. Currently, the Network
146Administrator is responsible for approving and issuing RFID card access to the server room, as well as
147reviewing the electronic access logs on a weekly basis.
148Which of the following is an issue with the situation?
149A. Segregation of duties
150B. Undue influence
151C. Lack of experience
152D. Inadequate disaster recovery plan
153Answer: A
154NO.18 Which vital role does the U.S. Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT) provide?
155A. Incident response services to any user, company, government agency, or organization in
156partnership with the Department of Homeland Security
157B. Maintenance of the nation's Internet infrastructure, builds out new Internet infrastructure, and
158decommissions old Internet infrastructure
159C. Registration of critical penetration testing for the Department of Homeland Security and public
160and private sectors
161D. Measurement of key vulnerability assessments on behalf of the Department of Defense (DOD) and
162State Department, as well as private sectors
163Answer: A
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166NO.19 Which of the following is used to indicate a single-line comment in structured query language
167(SQL)?
168A. --
169B. ||
170C. %%
171D. ''
172Answer: A
173NO.20 Supposed you are the Chief Network Engineer of a certain Telco. Your company is planning
174for a big business expansion and it requires that your network authenticate users connecting using
175analog modems, Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL), wireless data services, and Virtual Private Networks
176(VPN) over a Frame Relay network. Which AAA protocol would you implement?
177A. TACACS+
178B. DIAMETER
179C. Kerberos
180D. RADIUS
181Answer: D
182NO.21 Which of the following lists are valid data-gathering activities associated with a risk
183assessment?
184A. Threat identification, vulnerability identification, control analysis
185B. Threat identification, response identification, mitigation identification
186C. Attack profile, defense profile, loss profile
187D. System profile, vulnerability identification, security determination
188Answer: A
189NO.22 Which of the following command line switch would you use for OS detection in Nmap?
190A. -D
191B. -O
192C. -P
193D. -X
194Answer: B
195NO.23 A security consultant is trying to bid on a large contract that involves penetration testing and
196reporting. The company accepting bids wants proof of work so the consultant prints out several
197audits that have been performed. Which of the following is likely to occur as a result?
198A. The consultant will ask for money on the bid because of great work.
199B. The consultant may expose vulnerabilities of other companies.
200C. The company accepting bids will want the same type of format of testing.
201D. The company accepting bids will hire the consultant because of the great work performed.
202Answer: B
203NO.24 What type of vulnerability/attack is it when the malicious person forces the user's browser to
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206send an authenticated request to a server?
207A. Cross-site request forgery
208B. Cross-site scripting
209C. Session hijacking
210D. Server side request forgery
211Answer: A
212NO.25 Which of the following is a hashing algorithm?
213A. MD5
214B. PGP
215C. DES
216D. ROT13
217Answer: A
218NO.26 A security engineer has been asked to deploy a secure remote access solution that will allow
219employees to connect to the company's internal network. Which of the following can be
220implemented to minimize the opportunity for the man-in-the-middle attack to occur?
221A. SSL
222B. Mutual authentication
223C. IPSec
224D. Static IP addresses
225Answer: C
226NO.27 On a Linux device, which of the following commands will start the Nessus client in the
227background so that the Nessus server can be configured?
228A. nessus +
229B. nessus *s
230C. nessus &
231D. nessus -d
232Answer: C
233NO.28 If an attacker uses the command SELECT*FROM user WHERE name = 'x' AND userid IS NULL;
234--'; which type of SQL injection attack is the attacker performing?
235A. End of Line Comment
236B. UNION SQL Injection
237C. Illegal/Logically Incorrect Query
238D. Tautology
239Answer: D
240NO.29 A hacker, who posed as a heating and air conditioning specialist, was able to install a sniffer
241program in a switched environment network. Which attack could the hacker use to sniff all of the
242packets in the network?
243A. Fraggle
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246B. MAC Flood
247C. Smurf
248D. Tear Drop
249Answer: B
250NO.30 Least privilege is a security concept that requires that a user is
251A. limited to those functions required to do the job.
252B. given root or administrative privileges.
253C. trusted to keep all data and access to that data under their sole control.
254D. given privileges equal to everyone else in the department.
255Answer: A
256NO.31 Which DNS resource record can indicate how long any "DNS poisoning" could last?
257A. MX
258B. SOA
259C. NS
260D. TIMEOUT
261Answer: B
262NO.32 During the process of encryption and decryption, what keys are shared?
263During the process of encryption and decryption, what keys are shared?
264A. Private keys
265B. User passwords
266C. Public keys
267D. Public and private keys
268Answer: C
269NO.33 Using Windows CMD, how would an attacker list all the shares to which the current user
270context has access?
271A. NET USE
272B. NET CONFIG
273C. NET FILE
274D. NET VIEW
275Answer: A
276Explanation
277Connects a computer to or disconnects a computer from a shared resource, or displays information
278about computer connections. The command also controls persistent net connections. Used without
279parameters, net use retrieves a list of network connections.
280References: https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb490717.aspx
281NO.34 What does the following command in netcat do?
282nc -l -u -p55555 < /etc/passwd
283A. logs the incoming connections to /etc/passwd file
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286B. loads the /etc/passwd file to the UDP port 55555
287C. grabs the /etc/passwd file when connected to UDP port 55555
288D. deletes the /etc/passwd file when connected to the UDP port 55555
289Answer: C
290NO.35 Sandra is the security administrator of XYZ.com. One day she notices that the XYZ.com Oracle
291database server has been compromised and customer information along with financial data has been
292stolen. The financial loss will be estimated in millions of dollars if the database gets into the hands of
293competitors. Sandra wants to report this crime to the law enforcement agencies immediately. Which
294organization coordinates computer crime investigations throughout the United States?
295A. NDCA
296B. NICP
297C. CIRP
298D. NPC
299E. CIA
300Answer: D
301NO.36 Which of the following is a characteristic of Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)?
302A. Public-key cryptosystems are faster than symmetric-key cryptosystems.
303B. Public-key cryptosystems distribute public-keys within digital signatures.
304C. Public-key cryptosystems do not require a secure key distribution channel.
305D. Public-key cryptosystems do not provide technical non-repudiation via digital signatures.
306Answer: B
307NO.37 A network administrator received an administrative alert at 3:00 a.m. from the intrusion
308detection system. The alert was generated because a large number of packets were coming into the
309network over ports 20 and 21.
310During analysis, there were no signs of attack on the FTP servers. How should the administrator
311classify this situation?
312A. True negatives
313B. False negatives
314C. True positives
315D. False positives
316Answer: D
317NO.38 In the OSI model, where does PPTP encryption take place?
318A. Transport layer
319B. Application layer
320C. Data link layer
321D. Network layer
322Answer: C
323NO.39 Websites and web portals that provide web services commonly use the Simple Object Access
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326Protocol SOAP.
327Which of the following is an incorrect definition or characteristics in the protocol?
328A. Based on XML
329B. Provides a structured model for messaging
330C. Exchanges data between web services
331D. Only compatible with the application protocol HTTP
332Answer: D
333NO.40 A common cryptographical tool is the use of XOR. XOR the following binary values:
33410110001
33500111010
336A. 10001011
337B. 11011000
338C. 10011101
339D. 10111100
340Answer: A
341Explanation
342The XOR gate is a digital logic gate that implements an exclusive or; that is, a true output (1/HIGH)
343results if one, and only one, of the inputs to the gate is true. If both inputs are false (0/LOW) or both
344are true, a false output results. XOR represents the inequality function, i.e., the output is true if the
345inputs are not alike otherwise the output is false. A way to remember XOR is "one or the other but
346not both".
347References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XOR_gate
348NO.41 Which of the following resources does NMAP need to be used as a basic vulnerability scanner
349covering several vectors like SMB, HTTP and FTP?
350A. Metasploit scripting engine
351B. Nessus scripting engine
352C. NMAP scripting engine
353D. SAINT scripting engine
354Answer: C
355NO.42 During a recent security assessment, you discover the organization has one Domain Name
356Server (DNS) in a Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) and a second DNS server on the internal network.
357What is this type of DNS configuration commonly called?
358A. Split DNS
359B. DNSSEC
360C. DynDNS
361D. DNS Scheme
362Answer: A
363Explanation
364In a split DNS infrastructure, you create two zones for the same domain, one to be used by the
365internal network, the other used by the external network. Split DNS directs internal hosts to an
366internal domain name server for name resolution and external hosts are directed to an external
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369domain name server for name resolution.
370References:
371http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/split_DNS.html
372NO.43 A security administrator notices that the log file of the company's webserver contains
373suspicious entries:
374Based on source code analysis, the analyst concludes that the login.php script is vulnerable to
375A. command injection.
376B. SQL injection.
377C. directory traversal.
378D. LDAP injection.
379Answer: B
380NO.44 PGP, SSL, and IKE are all examples of which type of cryptography?
381A. Public Key
382B. Secret Key
383C. Hash Algorithm
384D. Digest
385Answer: A
386Explanation
387Public-key algorithms are fundamental security ingredients in cryptosystems, applications and
388protocols. They underpin various Internet standards, such as Secure Sockets Layer (SSL),Transport
389Layer Security (TLS), S/MIME, PGP, Internet Key Exchange (IKE or IKEv2), and GPG.
390References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public-key_cryptography
391NO.45 Which of the following commands runs snort in packet logger mode?
392A. ./snort -dev -h ./log
393B. ./snort -dev -l ./log
394C. ./snort -dev -o ./log
395D. ./snort -dev -p ./log
396Answer: B
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399NO.46 An Internet Service Provider (ISP) has a need to authenticate users connecting using analog
400modems, Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL), wireless data services, and Virtual Private Networks (VPN)
401over a Frame Relay network.
402Which AAA protocol is most likely able to handle this requirement?
403A. RADIUS
404B. DIAMETER
405C. Kerberos
406D. TACACS+
407Answer: A
408Explanation
409Because of the broad support and the ubiquitous nature of the RADIUS protocol, it is often used by
410ISPs and enterprises to manage access to the Internet or internal networks, wireless networks, and
411integrated e-mail services. These networks may incorporate modems, DSL, access points, VPNs,
412network ports, web servers, etc.
413References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RADIUS
414NO.47 Smart cards use which protocol to transfer the certificate in a secure manner?
415A. Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP)
416B. Point to Point Protocol (PPP)
417C. Point to Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)
418D. Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP)
419Answer: A
420NO.48 Every company needs a formal written document which spells out to employees precisely
421what they are allowed to use the company's systems for, what is prohibited, and what will happen to
422them if they break the rules. Two printed copies of the policy should be given to every employee as
423soon as possible after they join the organization. The employee should be asked to sign one copy,
424which should be safely filed by the company. No one should be allowed to use the company's
425computer systems until they have signed the policy in acceptance of its terms.
426What is this document called?
427A. Information Audit Policy (IAP)
428B. Information Security Policy (ISP)
429C. Penetration Testing Policy (PTP)
430D. Company Compliance Policy (CCP)
431Answer: B
432NO.49 One way to defeat a multi-level security solution is to leak data via
433A. a bypass regulator.
434B. steganography.
435C. a covert channel.
436D. asymmetric routing.
437Answer: C
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440NO.50 Your next door neighbor, that you do not get along with, is having issues with their network,
441so he yells to his spouse the network's SSID and password and you hear them both clearly. What do
442you do with this information?
443A. Nothing, but suggest to him to change the network's SSID and password.
444B. Sell his SSID and password to friends that come to your house, so it doesn't slow down your
445network.
446C. Log onto to his network, after all it's his fault that you can get in.
447D. Only use his network when you have large downloads so you don't tax your own network.
448Answer: A
449NO.51 A security analyst is performing an audit on the network to determine if there are any
450deviations from the security policies in place. The analyst discovers that a user from the IT
451department had a dial-out modem installed. Which security policy must the security analyst check to
452see if dial-out modems are allowed?
453A. Firewall-management policy
454B. Acceptable-use policy
455C. Remote-access policy
456D. Permissive policy
457Answer: C
458NO.52 You just set up a security system in your network. In what kind of system would you find the
459following string of characters used as a rule within its configuration?
460alert tcp any any -> 192.168.100.0/24 21 (msg: "FTP on the network!";)
461A. An Intrusion Detection System
462B. A firewall IPTable
463C. A Router IPTable
464D. FTP Server rule
465Answer: A
466Explanation
467Snort is an open source network intrusion detection system (NIDS) for networks .
468Snort rule example:
469This example is a rule with a generator id of 1000001.
470alert tcp any any -> any 80 (content:"BOB"; gid:1000001; sid:1; rev:1;) References:
471http://manual-snort-org.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com/node31.html
472NO.53 Which of the following open source tools would be the best choice to scan a network for
473potential targets?
474A. NMAP
475B. NIKTO
476C. CAIN
477D. John the Ripper
478Answer: A
479NO.54 Which of the following is the successor of SSL?
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482A. TLS
483B. RSA
484C. GRE
485D. IPSec
486Answer: A
487Explanation
488Transport Layer Security (TLS) and its predecessor, Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), both of which are
489frequently referred to as 'SSL', are cryptographic protocols that provide communications security
490over a computer network.
491References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security
492NO.55 Which of the following tools is used to detect wireless LANs using the 802.11a/b/g/n WLAN
493standards on a linux platform?
494A. Kismet
495B. Nessus
496C. Netstumbler
497D. Abel
498Answer: A
499Explanation
500Kismet is a network detector, packet sniffer, and intrusion detection system for 802.11 wireless LANs.
501Kismet will work with any wireless card which supports raw monitoring mode, and can sniff 802.11a,
502802.11b,
503802.11g, and 802.11n traffic. The program runs under Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, and Mac OS
504X.
505References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kismet_(software)
506NO.56 Joseph was the Web site administrator for the Mason Insurance in New York, who's main
507Web site was located at www.masonins.com. Joseph uses his laptop computer regularly to
508administer the Web site. One night, Joseph received an urgent phone call from his friend, Smith.
509According to Smith, the main Mason Insurance web site had been vandalized! All of its normal
510content was removed and replaced with an attacker's message ''Hacker Message: You are dead!
511Freaks!" From his office, which was directly connected to Mason Insurance's internal network, Joseph
512surfed to the Web site using his laptop. In his browser, the Web site looked completely intact.
513No changes were apparent. Joseph called a friend of his at his home to help troubleshoot the
514problem. The Web site appeared defaced when his friend visited using his DSL connection. So, while
515Smith and his friend could see the defaced page, Joseph saw the intact Mason Insurance web site. To
516help make sense of this problem, Joseph decided to access the Web site using hisdial-up ISP. He
517disconnected his laptop from the corporate internal network and used his modem to dial up the
518same ISP used by Smith. After his modem connected, he quickly typed www.masonins.com in his
519browser to reveal the following web page:
520After seeing the defaced Web site, he disconnected his dial-up line, reconnected to the internal
521network, and used Secure Shell (SSH) to log in directly to the Web server. He ran Tripwire against the
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524entire Web site, and determined that every system file and all the Web content on the server were
525intact. How did the attacker accomplish this hack?
526A. ARP spoofing
527B. SQL injection
528C. DNS poisoning
529D. Routing table injection
530Answer: C
531NO.57 Under what conditions does a secondary name server request a zone transfer from a primary
532name server?
533A. When a primary SOA is higher that a secondary SOA
534B. When a secondary SOA is higher that a primary SOA
535C. When a primary name server has had its service restarted
536D. When a secondary name server has had its service restarted
537E. When the TTL falls to zero
538Answer: A
539NO.58 Which of the following can take an arbitrary length of input and produce a message digest
540output of 160 bit?
541A. SHA-1
542B. MD5
543C. HAVAL
544D. MD4
545Answer: A
546NO.59 You went to great lengths to install all the necessary technologies to prevent hacking attacks,
547such as expensive firewalls, antivirus software, anti-spam systems and intrusion detection/prevention
548tools in your company's network. You have configured the most secure policies and tightened every
549device on your network. You are confident that hackers will never be able to gain access to your
550network with complex security system in place.
551Your peer, Peter Smith who works at the same department disagrees with you.
552He says even the best network security technologies cannot prevent hackers gaining access to the
553network because of presence of "weakest link" in the security chain.
554What is Peter Smith talking about?
555A. Untrained staff or ignorant computer users who inadvertently become the weakest link in your
556security chain
557B. "zero-day" exploits are the weakest link in the security chain since the IDS will not be able to
558detect these attacks
559C. "Polymorphic viruses" are the weakest link in the security chain since the Anti-Virus scanners will
560not be able to detect these attacks
561D. Continuous Spam e-mails cannot be blocked by your security system since spammers use different
562techniques to bypass the filters in your gateway
563Answer: A
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566NO.60 Which of the following types of firewalls ensures that the packets are part of the established
567session?
568A. Stateful inspection firewall
569B. Circuit-level firewall
570C. Application-level firewall
571D. Switch-level firewall
572Answer: A
573Explanation
574A stateful firewall is a network firewall that tracks the operating state and characteristics of network
575connections traversing it. The firewall is configured to distinguish legitimate packets for different
576types of connections. Only packets matching a known active connection (session) are allowed to pass
577the firewall.
578References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stateful_firewall
579NO.61 You are a Network Security Officer. You have two machines. The first machine (192.168.0.99)
580has snort installed, and the second machine (192.168.0.150) has kiwi syslog installed. You perform a
581syn scan in your network, and you notice that kiwi syslog is not receiving the alert message from
582snort. You decide to run wireshark in the snort machine to check if the messages are going to the kiwi
583syslog machine.
584What wireshark filter will show the connections from the snort machine to kiwi syslog machine?
585A. tcp.dstport==514 && ip.dst==192.168.0.150
586B. tcp.srcport==514 && ip.src==192.168.0.99
587C. tcp.dstport==514 && ip.dst==192.168.0.0/16
588D. tcp.srcport==514 && ip.src==192.168.150
589Answer: A
590Explanation
591We need to configure destination port at destination ip. The destination ip is 192.168.0.150, where
592the kiwi syslog is installed.
593References: https://wiki.wireshark.org/DisplayFilters
594NO.62 Which of the following can the administrator do to verify that a tape backup can be
595recovered in its entirety?
596A. Restore a random file.
597B. Perform a full restore.
598C. Read the first 512 bytes of the tape.
599D. Read the last 512 bytes of the tape.
600Answer: B
601Explanation
602A full restore is required.
603NO.63 What would you type on the Windows command line in order to launch the Computer
604Management Console provided that you are logged in as an admin?
605A. c:\compmgmt.msc
606B. c:\gpedit
607IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
60816
609C. c:\ncpa.cpl
610D. c:\services.msc
611Answer: A
612NO.64 What is the role of test automation in security testing?
613A. It can accelerate benchmark tests and repeat them with a consistent test setup. But it cannot
614replace manual testing completely.
615B. It is an option but it tends to be very expensive.
616C. It should be used exclusively. Manual testing is outdated because of low speed and possible test
617setup inconsistencies.
618D. Test automation is not usable in security due to the complexity of the tests.
619Answer: A
620NO.65 Which of the following programming languages is most vulnerable to buffer overflow
621attacks?
622A. Perl
623B. C++
624C. Python
625D. Java
626Answer: B
627NO.66 You want to do an ICMP scan on a remote computer using hping2. What is the proper syntax?
628A. hping2 host.domain.com
629B. hping2 --set-ICMP host.domain.com
630C. hping2 -i host.domain.com
631D. hping2 -1 host.domain.com
632Answer: D
633NO.67 Which of the following tools is used to analyze the files produced by several packet-capture
634programs such as tcpdump, WinDump, Wireshark, and EtherPeek?
635A. tcptrace
636B. tcptraceroute
637C. Nessus
638D. OpenVAS
639Answer: A
640Explanation
641tcptrace is a tool for analysis of TCP dump files. It can take as input the files produced by several
642popular packet-capture programs, including tcpdump/WinDump/Wireshark, snoop, EtherPeek, and
643Agilent NetMetrix.
644References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tcptrace
645NO.68 Which protocol is used for setting up secured channels between two devices, typically in
646VPNs?
647A. IPSEC
648IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
64917
650B. PEM
651C. SET
652D. PPP
653Answer: A
654NO.69 What is the approximate cost of replacement and recovery operation per year of a hard drive
655that has a value of $300 given that the technician who charges $10/hr would need 10 hours to
656restore OS and Software and needs further 4 hours to restore the database from the last backup to
657the new hard disk? Calculate the SLE, ARO, and ALE. Assume the EF = 1 (100%).
658A. $440
659B. $100
660C. $1320
661D. $146
662Answer: D
663NO.70 A recently hired network security associate at a local bank was given the responsibility to
664perform daily scans of the internal network to look for unauthorized devices. The employee decides
665to write a script that will scan the network for unauthorized devices every morning at 5:00 am.
666Which of the following programming languages would most likely be used?
667A. PHP
668B. C#
669C. Python
670D. ASP.NET
671Answer: C
672NO.71 As a Certified Ethical Hacker, you were contracted by a private firm to conduct an external
673security assessment through penetration testing.
674What document describes the specifics of the testing, the associated violations, and essentially
675protects both the organization's interest and your liabilities as a tester?
676A. Terms of Engagement
677B. Project Scope
678C. Non-Disclosure Agreement
679D. Service Level Agreement
680Answer: A
681NO.72 When comparing the testing methodologies of Open Web Application Security Project
682(OWASP) and Open Source Security Testing Methodology Manual (OSSTMM) the main difference is
683A. OWASP is for web applications and OSSTMM does not include web applications.
684B. OSSTMM is gray box testing and OWASP is black box testing.
685C. OWASP addresses controls and OSSTMM does not.
686D. OSSTMM addresses controls and OWASP does not.
687Answer: D
688NO.73 Sophia travels a lot and worries that her laptop containing confidential documents might be
689IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
69018
691stolen. What is the best protection that will work for her?
692A. Password protected files
693B. Hidden folders
694C. BIOS password
695D. Full disk encryption.
696Answer: D
697NO.74 The establishment of a TCP connection involves a negotiation called 3 way handshake. What
698type of message sends the client to the server in order to begin this negotiation?
699A. RST
700B. ACK
701C. SYN-ACK
702D. SYN
703Answer: D
704NO.75 Which protocol is used for setting up secure channels between two devices, typically in
705VPNs?
706A. PPP
707B. IPSEC
708C. PEM
709D. SET
710Answer: B
711NO.76 What term describes the amount of risk that remains after the vulnerabilities are classified
712and the countermeasures have been deployed?
713A. Residual risk
714B. Inherent risk
715C. Deferred risk
716D. Impact risk
717Answer: A
718Explanation
719The residual risk is the risk or danger of an action or an event, a method or a (technical) process that,
720although being abreast with science, still conceives these dangers, even if all theoretically possible
721safety measures would be applied (scientifically conceivable measures); in other words, the amount
722of risk left over after natural or inherent risks have been reduced by risk controls.
723References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Residual_risk
724NO.77 Peter, a Network Administrator, has come to you looking for advice on a tool that would help
725him perform SNMP enquires over the network.
726Which of these tools would do the SNMP enumeration he is looking for? Select the best answers.
727A. SNMPUtil
728B. SNScan
729C. SNMPScan
730IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
73119
732D. Solarwinds IP Network Browser
733E. NMap
734Answer: A B D
735NO.78 Which of the following represents the initial two commands that an IRC client sends to join an
736IRC network?
737A. USER, NICK
738B. LOGIN, NICK
739C. USER, PASS
740D. LOGIN, USER
741Answer: A
742NO.79 An attacker, using a rogue wireless AP, performed an MITM attack and injected an HTML
743code to embed a malicious applet in all HTTP connections.
744When users accessed any page, the applet ran and exploited many machines.
745Which one of the following tools the hacker probably used to inject HTML code?
746A. Wireshark
747B. Ettercap
748C. Aircrack-ng
749D. Tcpdump
750Answer: B
751NO.80 Craig received a report of all the computers on the network that showed all the missing
752patches and weak passwords. What type of software generated this report?
753A. a port scanner
754B. a vulnerability scanner
755C. a virus scanner
756D. a malware scanner
757Answer: B
758NO.81 Which of the following antennas is commonly used in communications for a frequency band
759of 10 MHz to VHF and UHF?
760A. Omnidirectional antenna
761B. Dipole antenna
762C. Yagi antenna
763D. Parabolic grid antenna
764Answer: C
765NO.82 What is the name of the international standard that establishes a baseline level of confidence
766in the security functionality of IT products by providing a set of requirements for evaluation?
767A. Blue Book
768B. ISO 26029
769C. Common Criteria
770IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
77120
772D. The Wassenaar Agreement
773Answer: C
774NO.83 Switches maintain a CAM Table that maps individual MAC addresses on the network to
775physical ports on the switch.
776In MAC flooding attack, a switch is fed with many Ethernet frames, each containing different source
777MAC addresses, by the attacker. Switches have a limited memory for mapping various MAC
778addresses to physical ports. What happens when the CAM table becomes full?
779A. Switch then acts as hub by broadcasting packets to all machines on the network
780B. The CAM overflow table will cause the switch to crash causing Denial of Service
781C. The switch replaces outgoing frame switch factory default MAC address of FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
782D. Every packet is dropped and the switch sends out SNMP alerts to the IDS port
783Answer: A
784NO.84 A company recently hired your team of Ethical Hackers to test the security of their network
785systems. The company wants to have the attack be as realistic as possible. They did not provide any
786information besides the name of their company. What phase of security testing would your team
787jump in right away?
788A. Scanning
789B. Reconnaissance
790C. Escalation
791D. Enumeration
792Answer: B
793NO.85 Study the snort rule given below:
794IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
79521
796From the options below, choose the exploit against which this rule applies.
797A. WebDav
798B. SQL Slammer
799C. MS Blaster
800D. MyDoom
801Answer: C
802NO.86 Which of the following programming languages is most susceptible to buffer overflow
803attacks, due to its lack of a built-in-bounds checking mechanism?
804Output:
805Segmentation fault
806A. C#
807B. Python
808C. Java
809D. C++
810Answer: D
811NO.87 You have compromised a server and successfully gained a root access. You want to pivot and
812pass traffic undetected over the network and evade any possible Intrusion Detection System.
813What is the best approach?
814A. Install Cryptcat and encrypt outgoing packets from this server.
815B. Install and use Telnet to encrypt all outgoing traffic from this server.
816C. Use Alternate Data Streams to hide the outgoing packets from this server.
817IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
81822
819D. Use HTTP so that all traffic can be routed via a browser, thus evading the internal Intrusion
820Detection Systems.
821Answer: A
822Explanation
823Cryptcat enables us to communicate between two systems and encrypts the communication
824between them with twofish.
825References:
826http://null-byte.wonderhowto.com/how-to/hack-like-pro-create-nearly-undetectable-backdoorwith-
827cryptcat-0149
828NO.88 If you want only to scan fewer ports than the default scan using Nmap tool, which option
829would you use?
830A. -sP
831B. -P
832C. -r
833D. -F
834Answer: B
835NO.89 The Heartbleed bug was discovered in 2014 and is widely referred to under MITRE's Common
836Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) as CVE-2014-0160. This bug affects the OpenSSL implementation
837of the transport layer security (TLS) protocols defined in RFC6520.
838What type of key does this bug leave exposed to the Internet making exploitation of any
839compromised system very easy?
840A. Private
841B. Public
842C. Shared
843D. Root
844Answer: A
845Explanation
846The data obtained by a Heartbleed attack may include unencrypted exchanges between TLS parties
847likely to be confidential, including any form post data in users' requests. Moreover, the confidential
848data exposed could include authentication secrets such as session cookies and passwords, which
849might allow attackers to impersonate a user of the service.
850An attack may also reveal private keys of compromised parties.
851References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heartbleed
852NO.90 Which of the following network attacks relies on sending an abnormally large packet size that
853exceeds TCP/IP specifications?
854A. Ping of death
855B. SYN flooding
856C. TCP hijacking
857D. Smurf attack
858Answer: A
859IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
86023
861NO.91 Which of the following tools can be used for passive OS fingerprinting?
862A. tcpdump
863B. nmap
864C. ping
865D. tracert
866Answer: A
867Explanation
868The passive operating system fingerprinting is a feature built into both the pf and tcpdump tools.
869References:
870http://geek00l.blogspot.se/2007/04/tcpdump-privilege-dropping-passive-os.html
871NO.92 Which method can provide a better return on IT security investment and provide a thorough
872and comprehensive assessment of organizational security covering policy, procedure design, and
873implementation?
874A. Penetration testing
875B. Social engineering
876C. Vulnerability scanning
877D. Access control list reviews
878Answer: A
879NO.93 You receive an e-mail like the one shown below. When you click on the link contained in the
880mail, you are redirected to a website seeking you to download free Anti-Virus software.
881Dear valued customers,
882We are pleased to announce the newest version of Antivirus 2010 for Windows which will probe you
883with total security against the latest spyware, malware, viruses, Trojans and other online threats.
884Simply visit the link below and enter your antivirus code:
885or you may contact us at the following address:
886Media Internet Consultants, Edif. Neptuno, Planta
887Baja, Ave. Ricardo J. Alfaro, Tumba Muerto, n/a Panama
888How will you determine if this is Real Anti-Virus or Fake Anti-Virus website?
889A. Look at the website design, if it looks professional then it is a Real Anti-Virus website
890B. Connect to the site using SSL, if you are successful then the website is genuine
891C. Search using the URL and Anti-Virus product name into Google and lookout for suspicious
892warnings against this site
893D. Download and install Anti-Virus software from this suspicious looking site, your Windows 7 will
894prompt you and stop the installation if the downloaded file is a malware
895E. Download and install Anti-Virus software from this suspicious looking site, your Windows 7 will
896IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
89724
898prompt you and stop the installation if the downloaded file is a malware
899Answer: C
900NO.94 You've gained physical access to a Windows 2008 R2 server which has an accessible disc
901drive. When you attempt to boot the server and log in, you are unable to guess the password. In your
902tool kit you have an Ubuntu 9.10 Linux LiveCD. Which Linux based tool has the ability to change any
903user's password or to activate disabled Windows accounts?
904A. CHNTPW
905B. Cain & Abel
906C. SET
907D. John the Ripper
908Answer: A
909Explanation
910chntpw is a software utility for resetting or blanking local passwords used by Windows NT, 2000, XP,
911Vista,
9127, 8 and 8.1. It does this by editing the SAM database where Windows stores password hashes.
913References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chntpw
914NO.95 Which protocol and port number might be needed in order to send log messages to a log
915analysis tool that resides behind a firewall?
916A. UDP 123
917B. UDP 541
918C. UDP 514
919D. UDP 415
920Answer: C
921NO.96 Which of the following tools will scan a network to perform vulnerability checks and
922compliance auditing?
923A. NMAP
924B. Metasploit
925C. Nessus
926D. BeEF
927Answer: C
928NO.97 Which of the following processes of PKI (Public Key Infrastructure) ensures that a trust
929relationship exists and that a certificate is still valid for specific operations?
930A. Certificate issuance
931B. Certificate validation
932C. Certificate cryptography
933D. Certificate revocation
934Answer: B
935NO.98 Which of the following describes the characteristics of a Boot Sector Virus?
936A. Moves the MBR to another location on the hard disk and copies itself to the original location of
937IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
93825
939the MBR
940B. Moves the MBR to another location on the RAM and copies itself to the original location of the
941MBR
942C. Modifies directory table entries so that directory entries point to the virus code instead of the
943actual program
944D. Overwrites the original MBR and only executes the new virus code
945Answer: A
946Explanation
947A boot sector virus is a computer virus that infects a storage device's master boot record (MBR). The
948virus moves the boot sector to another location on the hard drive.
949References: https://www.techopedia.com/definition/26655/boot-sector-virus
950NO.99 Bob is doing a password assessment for one of his clients. Bob suspects that security policies
951are not in place.
952He also suspects that weak passwords are probably the norm throughout the company he is
953evaluating. Bob is familiar with password weaknesses and key loggers.
954Which of the following options best represents the means that Bob can adopt to retrieve passwords
955from his clients hosts and servers?
956A. Hardware, Software, and Sniffing.
957B. Hardware and Software Keyloggers.
958C. Passwords are always best obtained using Hardware key loggers.
959D. Software only, they are the most effective.
960Answer: A
961NO.100 The chance of a hard drive failure is once every three years. The cost to buy a new hard
962drive is $300. It will require 10 hours to restore the OS and software to the new hard disk. It will
963require a further 4 hours to restore the database from the last backup to the new hard disk. The
964recovery person earns $10/hour. Calculate the SLE, ARO, and ALE. Assume the EF = 1 (100%).
965What is the closest approximate cost of this replacement and recovery operation per year?
966A. $146
967B. $1320
968C. $440
969D. $100
970Answer: A
971Explanation
972The annualized loss expectancy (ALE) is the product of the annual rate of occurrence (ARO) and the
973single loss expectancy (SLE).
974Suppose than an asset is valued at $100,000, and the Exposure Factor (EF) for this asset is 25%. The
975single loss expectancy (SLE) then, is 25% * $100,000, or $25,000.
976In our example the ARO is 33%, and the SLE is 300+14*10 (as EF=1). The ALO is thus:
97733%*(300+14*10) which equals 146.
978References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annualized_loss_expectancy
979NO.101 You are logged in as a local admin on a Windows 7 system and you need to launch the
980Computer Management Console from command line.
981IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
98226
983Which command would you use?
984A. c:\compmgmt.msc
985B. c:\services.msc
986C. c:\ncpa.cp
987D. c:\gpedit
988Answer: A
989Explanation
990To start the Computer Management Console from command line just type compmgmt.msc
991/computer:computername in your run box or at the command line and it should automatically open
992the Computer Management console.
993References:
994http://www.waynezim.com/tag/compmgmtmsc/
995NO.102 Which Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) implements a web application full of
996known vulnerabilities?
997A. WebBugs
998B. WebGoat
999C. VULN_HTML
1000D. WebScarab
1001Answer: B
1002NO.103 Identify the web application attack where the attackers exploit vulnerabilities in dynamically
1003generated web pages to inject client-side script into web pages viewed by other users.
1004A. SQL injection attack
1005B. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
1006C. LDAP Injection attack
1007D. Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
1008Answer: B
1009NO.104 You have successfully gained access to a linux server and would like to ensure that the
1010succeeding outgoing traffic from this server will not be caught by a Network Based Intrusion
1011Detection Systems (NIDS).
1012What is the best way to evade the NIDS?
1013A. Encryption
1014B. Protocol Isolation
1015C. Alternate Data Streams
1016D. Out of band signalling
1017Answer: A
1018Explanation
1019When the NIDS encounters encrypted traffic, the only analysis it can perform is packet level analysis,
1020since the application layer contents are inaccessible. Given that exploits against today's networks are
1021primarily targeted against network services (application layer entities), packet level analysis ends up
1022doing very little to protect our core business assets.
1023References:
1024IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
102527
1026http://www.techrepublic.com/article/avoid-these-five-common-ids-implementation-errors/
1027NO.105 What do Trinoo, TFN2k, WinTrinoo, T-Sight, and Stracheldraht have in common?
1028A. All are hacking tools developed by the legion of doom
1029B. All are tools that can be used not only by hackers, but also security personnel
1030C. All are DDOS tools
1031D. All are tools that are only effective against Windows
1032E. All are tools that are only effective against Linux
1033Answer: C
1034NO.106 The purpose of a __________ is to deny network access to local area networks and other
1035information assets by unauthorized wireless devices.
1036A. Wireless Intrusion Prevention System
1037B. Wireless Access Point
1038C. Wireless Access Control List
1039D. Wireless Analyzer
1040Answer: A
1041Explanation
1042A wireless intrusion prevention system (WIPS) is a network device that monitors the radio spectrum
1043for the presence of unauthorized access points (intrusion detection), and can automatically take
1044countermeasures (intrusion prevention).
1045References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_intrusion_prevention_system
1046NO.107 An attacker with access to the inside network of a small company launches a successful STP
1047manipulation attack. What will he do next?
1048A. He will create a SPAN entry on the spoofed root bridge and redirect traffic to his computer.
1049B. He will activate OSPF on the spoofed root bridge.
1050C. He will repeat the same attack against all L2 switches of the network.
1051D. He will repeat this action so that it escalates to a DoS attack.
1052Answer: A
1053NO.108 Diffie-Hellman (DH) groups determine the strength of the key used in the key exchange
1054process. Which of the following is the correct bit size of the Diffie-Hellman (DH) group 5?
1055A. 768 bit key
1056B. 1025 bit key
1057C. 1536 bit key
1058D. 2048 bit key
1059Answer: C
1060NO.109 Which among the following is a Windows command that a hacker can use to list all the
1061shares to which the current user context has access?
1062A. NET FILE
1063B. NET USE
1064C. NET CONFIG
1065IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
106628
1067D. NET VIEW
1068Answer: B
1069NO.110 If executives are found liable for not properly protecting their company's assets and
1070information systems, what type of law would apply in this situation?
1071A. Civil
1072B. International
1073C. Criminal
1074D. Common
1075Answer: A
1076NO.111 What is the following command used for?
1077net use \targetipc$ "" /u:""
1078A. Grabbing the etc/passwd file
1079B. Grabbing the SAM
1080C. Connecting to a Linux computer through Samba.
1081D. This command is used to connect as a null session
1082E. Enumeration of Cisco routers
1083Answer: D
1084NO.112 What hacking attack is challenge/response authentication used to prevent?
1085A. Replay attacks
1086B. Scanning attacks
1087C. Session hijacking attacks
1088D. Password cracking attacks
1089Answer: A
1090NO.113 Which of the following Secure Hashing Algorithm (SHA) produces a 160-bit digest from a
1091message with a maximum length of (264-1) bits and resembles the MD5 algorithm?
1092A. SHA-2
1093B. SHA-3
1094C. SHA-1
1095D. SHA-0
1096Answer: C
1097NO.114 In order to show improvement of security over time, what must be developed?
1098A. Reports
1099B. Testing tools
1100C. Metrics
1101D. Taxonomy of vulnerabilities
1102Answer: C
1103Explanation
1104Today, management demands metrics to get a clearer view of security.
1105IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
110629
1107Metrics that measure participation, effectiveness, and window of exposure, however, offer
1108information the organization can use to make plans and improve programs.
1109References:
1110http://www.infoworld.com/article/2974642/security/4-security-metrics-that-matter.html
1111NO.115 Due to a slowdown of normal network operations, IT department decided to monitor
1112internet traffic for all of the employees. From a legal stand point, what would be troublesome to take
1113this kind of measure?
1114A. All of the employees would stop normal work activities
1115B. IT department would be telling employees who the boss is
1116C. Not informing the employees that they are going to be monitored could be an invasion of privacy.
1117D. The network could still experience traffic slow down.
1118Answer: C
1119NO.116 These hackers have limited or no training and know how to use only basic techniques or
1120tools.
1121What kind of hackers are we talking about?
1122A. Black-Hat Hackers A
1123B. Script Kiddies
1124C. White-Hat Hackers
1125D. Gray-Hat Hacker
1126Answer: C
1127NO.117 You are monitoring the network of your organizations. You notice that:
1128Which of the following solution will you suggest?
1129A. Block the Blacklist IP's @ Firewall
1130B. Update the Latest Signatures on your IDS/IPS
1131C. Clean the Malware which are trying to Communicate with the External Blacklist IP's
1132D. Both B and C
1133Answer: D
1134NO.118 What tool and process are you going to use in order to remain undetected by an IDS while
1135pivoting and passing traffic over a server you've compromised and gained root access to?
1136A. Install Cryptcat and encrypt outgoing packets from this server.
1137B. Use HTTP so that all traffic can be routed via a browser, thus evading the internal Intrusion
1138Detection Systems.
1139C. Use Alternate Data Streams to hide the outgoing packets from this server.
1140Answer: B
1141NO.119 When discussing passwords, what is considered a brute force attack?
1142A. You attempt every single possibility until you exhaust all possible combinations or discover the
1143password
1144B. You threaten to use the rubber hose on someone unless they reveal their password
1145C. You load a dictionary of words into your cracking program
1146IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
114730
1148D. You create hashes of a large number of words and compare it with the encrypted passwords
1149E. You wait until the password expires
1150Answer: A
1151NO.120 Which of the following is one of the most effective ways to prevent Cross-site Scripting (XSS)
1152flaws in software applications?
1153A. Validate and escape all information sent to a server
1154B. Use security policies and procedures to define and implement proper security settings
1155C. Verify access right before allowing access to protected information and UI controls
1156D. Use digital certificates to authenticate a server prior to sending data
1157Answer: A
1158Explanation
1159Contextual output encoding/escaping could be used as the primary defense mechanism to stop
1160Cross-site Scripting (XSS) attacks.
1161References:
1162https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crosssite_
1163scripting#Contextual_output_encoding.2Fescaping_of_string_input
1164NO.121 Emil uses nmap to scan two hosts using this command.
1165nmap -sS -T4 -O 192.168.99.1 192.168.99.7
1166He receives this output:
1167What is his conclusion?
1168A. Host 192.168.99.7 is an iPad.
1169B. He performed a SYN scan and OS scan on hosts 192.168.99.1 and 192.168.99.7.
1170C. Host 192.168.99.1 is the host that he launched the scan from.
1171D. Host 192.168.99.7 is down.
1172Answer: B
1173IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
117431
1175NO.122 What is GINA?
1176A. Gateway Interface Network Application
1177B. GUI Installed Network Application CLASS
1178C. Global Internet National Authority (G-USA)
1179D. Graphical Identification and Authentication DLL
1180Answer: D
1181NO.123 After gaining access to the password hashes used to protect access to a web based
1182application, knowledge of which cryptographic algorithms would be useful to gain access to the
1183application?
1184A. SHA1
1185B. Diffie-Helman
1186C. RSA
1187D. AES
1188Answer: A
1189NO.124 A network admin contacts you. He is concerned that ARP spoofing or poisoning might occur
1190on his network.
1191What are some things he can do to prevent it? Select the best answers.
1192A. Use port security on his switches.
1193B. Use a tool like ARPwatch to monitor for strange ARP activity.
1194C. Use a firewall between all LAN segments.
1195D. If you have a small network, use static ARP entries.
1196E. Use only static IP addresses on all PC's.
1197Answer: A B D
1198NO.125 A hacker has successfully infected an internet-facing server which he will then use to send
1199junk mail, take part in coordinated attacks, or host junk email content.
1200Which sort of trojan infects this server?
1201A. Botnet Trojan
1202B. Turtle Trojans
1203C. Banking Trojans
1204D. Ransomware Trojans
1205Answer: A
1206Explanation
1207In computer science, a zombie is a computer connected to the Internet that has been compromised
1208by a hacker, computer virus or trojan horse and can be used to perform malicious tasks of one sort or
1209another under remote direction. Botnets of zombie computers are often used to spread e-mail spam
1210and launch denial-of-service attacks. Most owners of zombie computers are unaware that their
1211system is being used in this way. Because the owner tends to be unaware, these computers are
1212metaphorically compared to zombies. A coordinated DDoS attack by multiple botnet machines also
1213resembles a zombie horde attack.
1214IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
121532
1216NO.126 You have initiated an active operating system fingerprinting attempt with nmap against a
1217target system:
1218What operating system is the target host running based on the open ports shown above?
1219A. Windows XP
1220B. Windows 98 SE
1221C. Windows NT4 Server
1222D. Windows 2000 Server
1223Answer: D
1224NO.127 In which phase of the ethical hacking process can Google hacking be employed? This is a
1225technique that involves manipulating a search string with specific operators to search for
1226vulnerabilities.
1227Example:
1228allintitle: root passwd
1229A. Maintaining Access
1230B. Gaining Access
1231C. Reconnaissance
1232D. Scanning and Enumeration
1233Answer: C
1234NO.128 A company's security policy states that all Web browsers must automatically delete their
1235HTTP browser cookies upon terminating. What sort of security breach is this policy attempting to
1236IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
123733
1238mitigate?
1239A. Attempts by attackers to access Web sites that trust the Web browser user by stealing the user's
1240authentication credentials.
1241B. Attempts by attackers to access the user and password information stored in the company's SQL
1242database.
1243C. Attempts by attackers to access passwords stored on the user's computer without the user's
1244knowledge.
1245D. Attempts by attackers to determine the user's Web browser usage patterns, including when sites
1246were visited and for how long.
1247Answer: A
1248Explanation
1249Cookies can store passwords and form content a user has previously entered, such as a credit card
1250number or an address.
1251Cookies can be stolen using a technique called cross-site scripting. This occurs when an attacker takes
1252advantage of a website that allows its users to post unfiltered HTML and JavaScript content.
1253References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_cookie#Cross-site_scripting_.E2.80.93_cookie_theft
1254NO.129 Which of the following are well known password-cracking programs?
1255A. L0phtcrack
1256B. NetCat
1257C. Jack the Ripper
1258D. Netbus
1259E. John the Ripper
1260Answer: A E
1261NO.130 One of your team members has asked you to analyze the following SOA record. What is the
1262version?
1263Rutgers.edu.SOA NS1.Rutgers.edu ipad.college.edu (200302028 3600 3600 604800 2400.) (Choose
1264four.)
1265A. 200303028
1266B. 3600
1267C. 604800
1268D. 2400
1269E. 60
1270F. 4800
1271Answer: A
1272NO.131 LM hash is a compromised password hashing function. Which of the following parameters
1273describe LM Hash:?
1274I - The maximum password length is 14 characters.
1275II - There are no distinctions between uppercase and lowercase.
1276III - It's a simple algorithm, so 10,000,000 hashes can be generated per second.
1277A. I
1278B. I, II, and III
1279IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
128034
1281C. II
1282D. I and II
1283Answer: B
1284NO.132 Which Nmap option would you use if you were not concerned about being detected and
1285wanted to perform a very fast scan?
1286A. -T0
1287B. -T5
1288C. -O
1289D. -A
1290Answer: B
1291NO.133 Which of the following program infects the system boot sector and the executable files at
1292the same time?
1293A. Stealth virus
1294B. Polymorphic virus
1295C. Macro virus
1296D. Multipartite Virus
1297Answer: D
1298NO.134 If you are to determine the attack surface of an organization, which of the following is the
1299BEST thing to do?
1300A. Running a network scan to detect network services in the corporate DMZ
1301B. Reviewing the need for a security clearance for each employee
1302C. Using configuration management to determine when and where to apply security patches
1303D. Training employees on the security policy regarding social engineering
1304Answer: A
1305NO.135 Which is the first step followed by Vulnerability Scanners for scanning a network?
1306A. TCP/UDP Port scanning
1307B. Firewall detection
1308C. OS Detection
1309D. Checking if the remote host is alive
1310Answer: D
1311NO.136 While testing the company's web applications, a tester attempts to insert the following test
1312script into the search area on the company's web site:
1313< script>alert(" Testing Testing Testing ")</script>
1314Afterwards, when the tester presses the search button, a pop-up box appears on the screen with the
1315text:
1316"Testing Testing Testing". Which vulnerability has been detected in the web application?
1317A. Buffer overflow
1318B. Cross-site request forgery
1319IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
132035
1321C. Distributed denial of service
1322D. Cross-site scripting
1323Answer: D
1324NO.137 Which system consists of a publicly available set of databases that contain domain name
1325registration contact information?
1326A. WHOIS
1327B. IANA
1328C. CAPTCHA
1329D. IETF
1330Answer: A
1331NO.138 A pen tester is configuring a Windows laptop for a test. In setting up Wireshark, what river
1332and library are required to allow the NIC to work in promiscuous mode?
1333A. Libpcap
1334B. Awinpcap
1335C. Winprom
1336D. Winpcap
1337Answer: D
1338NO.139 You perform a scan of your company's network and discover that TCP port 123 is open.
1339What services by default run on TCP port 123?
1340A. Telnet
1341B. POP3
1342C. Network Time Protocol
1343D. DNS
1344Answer: C
1345NO.140
1346What does the option * indicate?
1347IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
134836
1349A. s
1350B. t
1351C. n
1352D. a
1353Answer: C
1354NO.141 Which of the following is a command line packet analyzer similar to GUI-based Wireshark?
1355A. tcpdump
1356B. nessus
1357C. etherea
1358D. Jack the ripper
1359Answer: A
1360Explanation
1361tcpdump is a common packet analyzer that runs under the command line. It allows the user to
1362display TCP/IP and other packets being transmitted or received over a network to which the
1363computer is attached.
1364References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tcpdump
1365NO.142 Bob, a network administrator at BigUniversity, realized that some students are connecting
1366their notebooks in the wired network to have Internet access. In the university campus, there are
1367many Ethernet ports available for professors and authorized visitors but not for students.
1368He identified this when the IDS alerted for malware activities in the network.
1369What should Bob do to avoid this problem?
1370A. Disable unused ports in the switches
1371B. Separate students in a different VLAN
1372C. Use the 802.1x protocol
1373D. Ask students to use the wireless network
1374Answer: C
1375NO.143 While performing ping scans into a target network you get a frantic call from the
1376organization's security team.
1377They report that they are under a denial of service attack. When you stop your scan, the smurf attack
1378event stops showing up on the organization's IDS monitor.
1379How can you modify your scan to prevent triggering this event in the IDS?
1380A. Scan more slowly.
1381B. Do not scan the broadcast IP.
1382C. Spoof the source IP address.
1383D. Only scan the Windows systems.
1384Answer: B
1385NO.144 While doing a technical assessment to determine network vulnerabilities, you used the TCP
1386XMAS scan. What would be the response of all open ports?
1387A. The port will send an ACK
1388B. The port will send a SYN
1389IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
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1391C. The port will ignore the packets
1392D. The port will send an RST
1393Answer: C
1394Explanation
1395References:
1396NO.145 Which of the following techniques will identify if computer files have been changed?
1397A. Network sniffing
1398B. Permission sets
1399C. Integrity checking hashes
1400D. Firewall alerts
1401Answer: C
1402NO.146 Which tool would be used to collect wireless packet data?
1403A. NetStumbler
1404B. John the Ripper
1405C. Nessus
1406D. Netcat
1407Answer: A
1408NO.147 You are a security officer of a company. You had an alert from IDS that indicates that one PC
1409on your Intranet is connected to a blacklisted IP address (C2 Server) on the Internet. The IP address
1410was blacklisted just before the alert. You are staring an investigation to roughly analyze the severity
1411of the situation. Which of the following is appropriate to analyze?
1412A. Event logs on the PC
1413B. Internet Firewall/Proxy log
1414C. IDS log
1415D. Event logs on domain controller
1416Answer: B
1417NO.148 The network administrator for a company is setting up a website with e-commerce
1418capabilities. Packet sniffing is a concern because credit card information will be sent electronically
1419over the Internet. Customers visiting the site will need to encrypt the data with HTTPS. Which type of
1420certificate is used to encrypt and decrypt the data?
1421A. Asymmetric
1422B. Confidential
1423C. Symmetric
1424D. Non-confidential
1425Answer: A
1426NO.149 Log monitoring tools performing behavioral analysis have alerted several suspicious logins
1427on a Linux server occurring during non-business hours. After further examination of all login
1428activities, it is noticed that none of the logins have occurred during typical work hours. A Linux
1429administrator who is investigating this problem realizes the system time on the Linux server is wrong
1430IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
143138
1432by more than twelve hours. What protocol used on Linux servers to synchronize the time has stopped
1433working?
1434A. Time Keeper
1435B. NTP
1436C. PPP
1437D. OSPP
1438Answer: B
1439NO.150 Which command line switch would be used in NMAP to perform operating system
1440detection?
1441A. -OS
1442B. -sO
1443C. -sP
1444D. -O
1445Answer: D
1446NO.151 Which Intrusion Detection System is best applicable for large environments where critical
1447assets on the network need extra security and is ideal for observing sensitive network segments?
1448A. Network-based intrusion detection system (NIDS)
1449B. Host-based intrusion detection system (HIDS)
1450C. Firewalls
1451D. Honeypots
1452Answer: A
1453NO.152 Which tool can be used to silently copy files from USB devices?
1454A. USB Grabber
1455B. USB Dumper
1456C. USB Sniffer
1457D. USB Snoopy
1458Answer: B
1459NO.153 The following is part of a log file taken from the machine on the network with the IP address
1460of
1461192.168.1.106:
1462IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
146339
1464What type of activity has been logged?
1465A. Port scan targeting 192.168.1.103
1466B. Teardrop attack targeting 192.168.1.106
1467C. Denial of service attack targeting 192.168.1.103
1468D. Port scan targeting 192.168.1.106
1469Answer: D
1470NO.154 How does a denial-of-service attack work?
1471A. A hacker prevents a legitimate user (or group of users) from accessing a service
1472B. A hacker uses every character, word, or letter he or she can think of to defeat authentication
1473C. A hacker tries to decipher a password by using a system, which subsequently crashes the network
1474D. A hacker attempts to imitate a legitimate user by confusing a computer or even another person
1475Answer: A
1476NO.155 Which type of security document is written with specific step-by-step details?
1477A. Process
1478B. Procedure
1479C. Policy
1480D. Paradigm
1481Answer: B
1482NO.156 On performing a risk assessment, you need to determine the potential impacts when some
1483of the critical business process of the company interrupt its service. What is the name of the process
1484by which you can determine those critical business?
1485A. Risk Mitigation
1486B. Emergency Plan Response (EPR)
1487C. Disaster Recovery Planning (DRP)
1488D. Business Impact Analysis (BIA)
1489Answer: D
1490IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
149140
1492NO.157 Why would an attacker want to perform a scan on port 137?
1493A. To discover proxy servers on a network
1494B. To disrupt the NetBIOS SMB service on the target host
1495C. To check for file and print sharing on Windows systems
1496D. To discover information about a target host using NBTSTAT
1497Answer: D
1498NO.158 Which of the following is an example of two factor authentication?
1499A. PIN Number and Birth Date
1500B. Username and Password
1501C. Digital Certificate and Hardware Token
1502D. Fingerprint and Smartcard ID
1503Answer: D
1504NO.159 Which of the following is the BEST way to defend against network sniffing?
1505A. Using encryption protocols to secure network communications
1506B. Register all machines MAC Address in a Centralized Database
1507C. Restrict Physical Access to Server Rooms hosting Critical Servers
1508D. Use Static IP Address
1509Answer: A
1510Explanation
1511A way to protect your network traffic from being sniffed is to use encryption such as Secure Sockets
1512Layer (SSL) or Transport Layer Security (TLS). Encryption doesn't prevent packet sniffers from seeing
1513source and destination information, but it does encrypt the data packet's payload so that all the
1514sniffer sees is encrypted gibberish.
1515References:
1516http://netsecurity.about.com/od/informationresources/a/What-Is-A-Packet-Sniffer.htm
1517NO.160 Bob finished a C programming course and created a small C application to monitor the
1518network traffic and produce alerts when any origin sends "many" IP packets, based on the average
1519number of packets sent by all origins and using some thresholds.
1520In concept, the solution developed by Bob is actually:
1521A. Just a network monitoring tool
1522B. A signature-based IDS
1523C. A hybrid IDS
1524D. A behavior-based IDS
1525Answer: A
1526NO.161 An NMAP scan of a server shows port 25 is open. What risk could this pose?
1527A. Open printer sharing
1528B. Web portal data leak
1529C. Clear text authentication
1530D. Active mail relay
1531IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
153241
1533Answer: D
1534NO.162 Which of the following problems can be solved by using Wireshark?
1535A. Tracking version changes of source code
1536B. Checking creation dates on all webpages on a server
1537C. Resetting the administrator password on multiple systems
1538D. Troubleshooting communication resets between two systems
1539Answer: D
1540NO.163 What kind of risk will remain even if all theoretically possible safety measures would be
1541applied?
1542A. Residual risk
1543B. Inherent risk
1544C. Impact risk
1545D. Deferred risk
1546Answer: A
1547NO.164 Peter extracts the SIDs list from Windows 2000 Server machine using the hacking tool
1548"SIDExtractor". Here is the output of the SIDs:
1549From the above list identify the user account with System Administrator privileges.
1550A. John
1551B. Rebecca
1552C. Sheela
1553D. Shawn
1554E. Somia
1555F. Chang
1556G. Micah
1557Answer: F
1558NO.165 When a normal TCP connection starts, a destination host receives a SYN (synchronize/start)
1559packet from a source host and sends back a SYN/ACK (synchronize acknowledge). The destination
1560host must then hear an ACK (acknowledge) of the SYN/ACK before the connection is established. This
1561is referred to as the "TCP three-way handshake." While waiting for the ACK to the SYN ACK, a
1562connection queue of finite size on the destination host keeps track of connections waiting to be
1563completed. This queue typically empties quickly since the ACK is expected to arrive a few milliseconds
1564after the SYN ACK.
1565How would an attacker exploit this design by launching TCP SYN attack?
1566IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
156742
1568A. Attacker generates TCP SYN packets with random destination addresses towards a victim host
1569B. Attacker floods TCP SYN packets with random source addresses towards a victim host
1570C. Attacker generates TCP ACK packets with random source addresses towards a victim host
1571D. Attacker generates TCP RST packets with random source addresses towards a victim host
1572Answer: B
1573NO.166 An NMAP scan of a server shows port 69 is open. What risk could this pose?
1574A. Unauthenticated access
1575B. Weak SSL version
1576C. Cleartext login
1577D. Web portal data leak
1578Answer: A
1579NO.167 Which of the following is the least-likely physical characteristic to be used in biometric
1580control that supports a large company?
1581A. Height and Weight
1582B. Voice
1583C. Fingerprints
1584D. Iris patterns
1585Answer: A
1586Explanation
1587There are two main types of biometric identifiers:
1588Examples of physiological characteristics used for biometric authentication include fingerprints; DNA;
1589face, hand, retina or ear features; and odor. Behavioral characteristics are related to the pattern of
1590the behavior of a person, such as typing rhythm, gait, gestures and voice.
1591References:
1592http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/biometrics
1593NO.168 Which component of IPsec performs protocol-level functions that are required to encrypt
1594and decrypt the packets?
1595A. Internet Key Exchange (IKE)
1596B. Oakley
1597C. IPsec Policy Agent
1598D. IPsec driver
1599Answer: A
1600NO.169 Your company was hired by a small healthcare provider to perform a technical assessment
1601on the network.
1602What is the best approach for discovering vulnerabilities on a Windows-based computer?
1603A. Use a scan tool like Nessus
1604B. Use the built-in Windows Update tool
1605C. Check MITRE.org for the latest list of CVE findings
1606D. Create a disk image of a clean Windows installation
1607IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
160843
1609Answer: A
1610Explanation
1611Nessus is an open-source network vulnerability scanner that uses the Common Vulnerabilities and
1612Exposures architecture for easy cross-linking between compliant security tools.
1613The Nessus server is currently available for Unix, Linux and FreeBSD. The client is available for Unix- or
1614Windows-based operating systems.
1615Note: Significant capabilities of Nessus include:
1616References:
1617http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/Nessus
1618NO.170 Which mode of IPSec should you use to assure security and confidentiality of data within
1619the same LAN?
1620A. ESP transport mode
1621B. AH permiscuous
1622C. ESP confidential
1623D. AH Tunnel mode
1624Answer: A
1625Explanation
1626When transport mode is used, IPSec encrypts only the IP payload. Transport mode provides the
1627protection of an IP payload through an AH or ESP header. Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP)
1628provides confidentiality (in addition to authentication, integrity, and anti-replay protection) for the IP
1629payload.
1630NO.171 Which of the following tools performs comprehensive tests against web servers, including
1631dangerous files and CGIs?
1632A. Nikto
1633B. Snort
1634C. John the Ripper
1635D. Dsniff
1636Answer: A
1637Explanation
1638Nikto is an Open Source (GPL) web server scanner which performs comprehensive tests against web
1639servers for multiple items, including over 6700 potentially dangerous files/CGIs, checks for outdated
1640versions of over
16411250 servers, and version specific problems on over 270 servers. It also checks for server
1642configuration items such as the presence of multiple index files, HTTP server options, and will
1643attempt to identify installed web servers and software. Scan items and plugins are frequently
1644updated and can be automatically updated.
1645References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikto_Web_Scanner
1646NO.172 In the context of password security, a simple dictionary attack involves loading a dictionary
1647file (a text file full of dictionary words) into a cracking application such as L0phtCrack or John the
1648Ripper, and running it against user accounts located by the application. The larger the word and word
1649fragment selection, the more effective the dictionary attack is. The brute force method is the most
1650inclusive, although slow. It usually tries every possible letter and number combination in its
1651IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
165244
1653automated exploration. If you would use both brute force and dictionary methods combined
1654together to have variation of words, what would you call such an attack?
1655A. Full Blown
1656B. Thorough
1657C. Hybrid
1658D. BruteDics
1659Answer: C
1660NO.173 A company is using Windows Server 2003 for its Active Directory (AD). What is the most
1661efficient way to crack the passwords for the AD users?
1662A. Perform a dictionary attack.
1663B. Perform a brute force attack.
1664C. Perform an attack with a rainbow table.
1665D. Perform a hybrid attack.
1666Answer: C
1667NO.174 Initiating an attack against targeted businesses and organizations, threat actors compromise
1668a carefully selected website by inserting an exploit resulting in malware infection. The attackers run
1669exploits on well-known and trusted sites likely to be visited by their targeted victims. Aside from
1670carefully choosing sites to compromise, these attacks are known to incorporate zero-day exploits that
1671target unpatched vulnerabilities. Thus, the targeted entities are left with little or no defense against
1672these exploits.
1673What type of attack is outlined in the scenario?
1674A. Watering Hole Attack
1675B. Heartbleed Attack
1676C. Shellshock Attack
1677D. Spear Phising Attack
1678Answer: A
1679Explanation
1680Watering Hole is a computer attack strategy, in which the victim is a particular group (organization,
1681industry, or region). In this attack, the attacker guesses or observes which websites the group often
1682uses and infects one or more of them with malware. Eventually, some member of the targeted group
1683gets infected.
1684NO.175 Nedved is an IT Security Manager of a bank in his country. One day. he found out that there
1685is a security breach to his company's email server based on analysis of a suspicious connection from
1686the email server to an unknown IP Address.
1687What is the first thing that Nedved needs to do before contacting the incident response team?
1688A. Leave it as it Is and contact the incident response te3m right away
1689B. Block the connection to the suspicious IP Address from the firewall
1690C. Disconnect the email server from the network
1691D. Migrate the connection to the backup email server
1692Answer: C
1693IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
169445
1695NO.176 A tester has been using the msadc.pl attack script to execute arbitrary commands on a
1696Windows NT4 web server. While it is effective, the tester finds it tedious to perform extended
1697functions. On further research, the tester come across a perl script that runs the following msadc
1698functions:
1699Which exploit is indicated by this script?
1700A. A buffer overflow exploit
1701B. A chained exploit
1702C. A SQL injection exploit
1703D. A denial of service exploit
1704Answer: B
1705NO.177 From the two screenshots below, which of the following is occurring?
1706A. 10.0.0.253 is performing an IP scan against 10.0.0.0/24, 10.0.0.252 is performing a port scan
1707IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
170846
1709against
171010.0.0.2.
1711B. 10.0.0.253 is performing an IP scan against 10.0.0.2, 10.0.0.252 is performing a port scan against
171210.0.0.2.
1713C. 10.0.0.2 is performing an IP scan against 10.0.0.0/24, 10.0.0.252 is performing a port scan against
171410.0.0.2.
1715D. 10.0.0.252 is performing an IP scan against 10.0.0.2, 10.0.0.252 is performing a port scan against
171610.0.0.2.
1717Answer: A
1718NO.178 What tool can crack Windows SMB passwords simply by listening to network traffic?
1719A. This is not possible
1720B. Netbus
1721C. NTFSDOS
1722D. L0phtcrack
1723Answer: D
1724NO.179 What is the difference between the AES and RSA algorithms?
1725A. Both are asymmetric algorithms, but RSA uses 1024-bit keys.
1726B. RSA is asymmetric, which is used to create a public/private key pair; AES is symmetric, which is
1727used to encrypt data.
1728C. Both are symmetric algorithms, but AES uses 256-bit keys.
1729D. AES is asymmetric, which is used to create a public/private key pair; RSA is symmetric, which is
1730used to encrypt data.
1731Answer: B
1732NO.180 What port number is used by LDAP protocol?
1733A. 110
1734B. 389
1735C. 464
1736D. 445
1737Answer: B
1738NO.181 Which of the following types of jailbreaking allows user-level access but does not allow
1739iboot-level access?
1740A. Bootrom Exploit
1741B. iBoot Exploit
1742C. Sandbox Exploit
1743D. Userland Exploit
1744Answer: D
1745NO.182 Jack was attempting to fingerprint all machines in the network using the following Nmap
1746syntax:
1747invictus@victim_server:~$ nmap -T4 -0 10.10.0.0/24
1748IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
174947
1750TCP/IP fingerprinting (for OS scan) xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx. QUITTING!
1751Obviously, it is not going through. What is the issue here?
1752A. OS Scan requires root privileges
1753B. The nmap syntax is wrong.
1754C. The outgoing TCP/IP fingerprinting is blocked by the host firewall
1755D. This is a common behavior for a corrupted nmap application
1756Answer: A
1757NO.183 What did the following commands determine?
1758A. That the Joe account has a SID of 500
1759B. These commands demonstrate that the guest account has NOT been disabled
1760C. These commands demonstrate that the guest account has been disabled
1761D. That the true administrator is Joe
1762E. Issued alone, these commands prove nothing
1763Answer: D
1764NO.184 Todd has been asked by the security officer to purchase a counter-based authentication
1765system. Which of the following best describes this type of system?
1766A. A biometric system that bases authentication decisions on behavioral attributes.
1767B. A biometric system that bases authentication decisions on physical attributes.
1768C. An authentication system that creates one-time passwords that are encrypted with secret keys.
1769D. An authentication system that uses passphrases that are converted into virtual passwords.
1770Answer: C
1771NO.185 WPA2 uses AES for wireless data encryption at which of the following encryption levels?
1772A. 64 bit and CCMP
1773B. 128 bit and CRC
1774C. 128 bit and CCMP
1775D. 128 bit and TKIP
1776Answer: C
1777NO.186 While examining audit logs, you discover that people are able to telnet into the SMTP server
1778on port 25. You would like to block this, though you do not see any evidence of an attack or other
1779wrong doing. However, you are concerned about affecting the normal functionality of the email
1780server. From the following options choose how best you can achieve this objective?
1781A. Block port 25 at the firewall.
1782B. Shut off the SMTP service on the server.
1783C. Force all connections to use a username and password.
1784D. Switch from Windows Exchange to UNIX Sendmail.
1785IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
178648
1787E. None of the above.
1788Answer: E
1789NO.187 You are programming a buffer overflow exploit and you want to create a NOP sled of 200
1790bytes in the program exploit.c
1791What is the hexadecimal value of NOP instruction?
1792A. 0x60
1793B. 0x80
1794C. 0x70
1795D. 0x90
1796Answer: D
1797NO.188 A virus that attempts to install itself inside the file it is infecting is called?
1798A. Tunneling virus
1799B. Cavity virus
1800C. Polymorphic virus
1801D. Stealth virus
1802Answer: B
1803NO.189 Which NMAP command combination would let a tester scan every TCP port from a class C
1804network that is blocking ICMP with fingerprinting and service detection?
1805A. NMAP -PN -A -O -sS 192.168.2.0/24
1806B. NMAP -P0 -A -O -p1-65535 192.168.0/24
1807C. NMAP -P0 -A -sT -p0-65535 192.168.0/16
1808D. NMAP -PN -O -sS -p 1-1024 192.168.0/8
1809Answer: B
1810NO.190 Port scanning can be used as part of a technical assessment to determine network
1811vulnerabilities. The TCP XMAS scan is used to identify listening ports on the targeted system.
1812If a scanned port is open, what happens?
1813A. The port will ignore the packets.
1814B. The port will send an RST.
1815C. The port will send an ACK.
1816D. The port will send a SYN.
1817Answer: A
1818Explanation
1819An attacker uses a TCP XMAS scan to determine if ports are closed on the target machine. This scan
1820IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
182149
1822type is accomplished by sending TCP segments with the all flags sent in the packet header, generating
1823packets that are illegal based on RFC 793. The RFC 793 expected behavior is that any TCP segment
1824with an out-of-state Flag sent to an open port is discarded, whereas segments with out-of-state flags
1825sent to closed ports should be handled with a RST in response. This behavior should allow an attacker
1826to scan for closed ports by sending certain types of rule-breaking packets (out of sync or disallowed
1827by the TCB) and detect closed ports via RST packets.
1828References: https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/303.html
1829NO.191 Which type of security feature stops vehicles from crashing through the doors of a building?
1830A. Turnstile
1831B. Bollards
1832C. Mantrap
1833D. Receptionist
1834Answer: B
1835NO.192 Which of the following programs is usually targeted at Microsoft Office products?
1836A. Polymorphic virus
1837B. Multipart virus
1838C. Macro virus
1839D. Stealth virus
1840Answer: C
1841Explanation
1842A macro virus is a virus that is written in a macro language: a programming language which is
1843embedded inside a software application (e.g., word processors and spreadsheet applications). Some
1844applications, such as Microsoft Office, allow macro programs to be embedded in documents such
1845that the macros are run automatically when the document is opened, and this provides a distinct
1846mechanism by which malicious computer instructions can spread.
1847References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macro_virus
1848NO.193 An engineer is learning to write exploits in C++ and is using the exploit tool Backtrack. The
1849engineer wants to compile the newest C++ exploit and name it calc.exe. Which command would the
1850engineer use to accomplish this?
1851A. g++ hackersExploit.cpp -o calc.exe
1852B. g++ hackersExploit.py -o calc.exe
1853C. g++ -i hackersExploit.pl -o calc.exe
1854D. g++ --compile -i hackersExploit.cpp -o calc.exe
1855Answer: A
1856NO.194 An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) has alerted the network administrator to a possibly
1857malicious sequence of packets sent to a Web server in the network's external DMZ. The packet traffic
1858was captured by the IDS and saved to a PCAP file.
1859What type of network tool can be used to determine if these packets are genuinely malicious or
1860simply a false positive?
1861A. Protocol analyzer
1862IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
186350
1864B. Intrusion Prevention System (IPS)
1865C. Network sniffer
1866D. Vulnerability scanner
1867Answer: A
1868Explanation
1869A packet analyzer (also known as a network analyzer, protocol analyzer or packet sniffer-or, for
1870particular types of networks, an Ethernet sniffer or wireless sniffer) is a computer program or piece of
1871computer hardware that can intercept and log traffic that passes over a digital network or part of a
1872network. A packet analyzer can analyze packet traffic saved in a PCAP file.
1873References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packet_analyzer
1874NO.195 A server has been infected by a certain type of Trojan. The hacker intended to utilize it to
1875send and host junk mails. What type of Trojan did the hacker use?
1876A. Turtle Trojans
1877B. Ransomware Trojans
1878C. Botnet Trojan
1879D. Banking Trojans
1880Answer: C
1881NO.196 The security administrator of ABC needs to permit Internet traffic in the host 10.0.0.2 and
1882UDP traffic in the host 10.0.0.3. Also he needs to permit all FTP traffic to the rest of the network and
1883deny all other traffic. After he applied his ACL configuration in the router nobody can access to the
1884ftp and the permitted hosts cannot access to the Internet. According to the next configuration what
1885is happening in the network?
1886A. The ACL 110 needs to be changed to port 80
1887B. The ACL for FTP must be before the ACL 110
1888C. The first ACL is denying all TCP traffic and the other ACLs are being ignored by the router
1889D. The ACL 104 needs to be first because is UDP
1890Answer: C
1891NO.197 What results will the following command yield: 'NMAP -sS -O -p 123-153 192.168.100.3'?
1892A. A stealth scan, opening port 123 and 153
1893B. A stealth scan, checking open ports 123 to 153
1894C. A stealth scan, checking all open ports excluding ports 123 to 153
1895D. A stealth scan, determine operating system, and scanning ports 123 to 153
1896Answer: D
1897NO.198 What does a type 3 code 13 represent? (Choose two.)
1898A. Echo request
1899B. Destination unreachable
1900IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
190151
1902C. Network unreachable
1903D. Administratively prohibited
1904E. Port unreachable
1905F. Time exceeded
1906Answer: B D
1907NO.199 Which access control mechanism allows for multiple systems to use a central authentication
1908server (CAS) that permits users to authenticate once and gain access to multiple systems?
1909A. Role Based Access Control (RBAC)
1910B. Discretionary Access Control (DAC)
1911C. Windows authentication
1912D. Single sign-on
1913Answer: D
1914NO.200 A hacker is attempting to see which ports have been left open on a network. Which NMAP
1915switch would the hacker use?
1916A. -sO
1917B. -sP
1918C. -sS
1919D. -sU
1920Answer: A
1921NO.201 The following is a sample of output from a penetration tester's machine targeting a machine
1922with the IP address of 192.168.1.106:
1923What is most likely taking place?
1924A. Ping sweep of the 192.168.1.106 network
1925B. Remote service brute force attempt
1926C. Port scan of 192.168.1.106
1927D. Denial of service attack on 192.168.1.106
1928Answer: B
1929NO.202 Company XYZ has asked you to assess the security of their perimeter email gateway. From
1930your office in New York, you craft a specially formatted email message and send it across the Internet
1931to an employee of Company XYZ. The employee of Company XYZ is aware of your test.
1932Your email message looks like this:
1933From: jim_miller@companyxyz.com
1934To: michelle_saunders@companyxyz.com
1935IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
193652
1937Subject: Test message
1938Date: 4/3/2017 14:37
1939The employee of Company XYZ receives your email message. This proves that Company XYZ's email
1940gateway doesn't prevent what?
1941A. Email Phishing
1942B. Email Masquerading
1943C. Email Spoofing
1944D. Email Harvesting
1945Answer: C
1946NO.203 Which of the following LM hashes represent a password of less than 8 characters? (Choose
1947two.)
1948A. BA810DBA98995F1817306D272A9441BB
1949B. 44EFCE164AB921CQAAD3B435B51404EE
1950C. 0182BD0BD4444BF836077A718CCDF409
1951D. CEC52EB9C8E3455DC2265B23734E0DAC
1952E. B757BF5C0D87772FAAD3B435B51404EE
1953F. E52CAC67419A9A224A3B108F3FA6CB6D
1954Answer: B E
1955NO.204 A software tester is randomly generating invalid inputs in an attempt to crash the program.
1956Which of the following is a software testing technique used to determine if a software program
1957properly handles a wide range of invalid input?
1958A. Mutating
1959B. Randomizing
1960C. Fuzzing
1961D. Bounding
1962Answer: C
1963NO.205 SOAP services use which technology to format information?
1964A. SATA
1965B. PCI
1966C. XML
1967D. ISDN
1968Answer: C
1969NO.206 Which type of sniffing technique is generally referred as MiTM attack?
1970IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
197153
1972A. Password Sniffing
1973B. ARP Poisoning
1974C. Mac Flooding
1975D. DHCP Sniffing
1976Answer: B
1977NO.207 When security and confidentiality of data within the same LAN is of utmost priority, which
1978IPSec mode should you implement?
1979A. AH Tunnel mode
1980B. AH promiscuous
1981C. ESP transport mode
1982D. ESP confidential
1983Answer: C
1984NO.208 You're doing an internal security audit and you want to find out what ports are open on all
1985the servers. What is the best way to find out?
1986A. Scan servers with Nmap
1987B. Physically go to each server
1988C. Scan servers with MBSA
1989D. Telent to every port on each server
1990Answer: A
1991NO.209 Session splicing is an IDS evasion technique in which an attacker delivers data in multiple,
1992smallsized packets to the target computer, making it very difficult for an IDS to detect the attack
1993IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
199454
1995signatures.
1996Which tool can be used to perform session splicing attacks?
1997A. Whisker
1998B. tcpsplice
1999C. Burp
2000D. Hydra
2001Answer: A
2002Explanation
2003One basic technique is to split the attack payload into multiple small packets, so that the IDS must
2004reassemble the packet stream to detect the attack. A simple way of splitting packets is by
2005fragmenting them, but an adversary can also simply craft packets with small payloads. The 'whisker'
2006evasion tool calls crafting packets with small payloads 'session splicing'.
2007References:
2008https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrusion_detection_system_evasion_techniques#Fragmentation_and
2009_small_packet
2010NO.210 A penetration tester was hired to perform a penetration test for a bank. The tester began
2011searching for IP ranges owned by the bank, performing lookups on the bank's DNS servers, reading
2012news articles online about the bank, watching what times the bank employees come into work and
2013leave from work, searching the bank's job postings (paying special attention to IT related jobs), and
2014visiting the local dumpster for the bank's corporate office. What phase of the penetration test is the
2015tester currently in?
2016A. Information reporting
2017B. Vulnerability assessment
2018C. Active information gathering
2019D. Passive information gathering
2020Answer: D
2021NO.211 Advanced encryption standard is an algorithm used for which of the following?
2022A. Data integrity
2023B. Key discovery
2024C. Bulk data encryption
2025D. Key recovery
2026Answer: C
2027NO.212 Which of the following tools can be used to perform a zone transfer?
2028A. NSLookup
2029B. Finger
2030C. Dig
2031D. Sam Spade
2032E. Host
2033F. Netcat
2034G. Neotrace
2035IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
203655
2037Answer: A C D E
2038NO.213 By using a smart card and pin, you are using a two-factor authentication that satisfies
2039A. Something you know and something you are
2040B. Something you have and something you know
2041C. Something you have and something you are
2042D. Something you are and something you remember
2043Answer: B
2044NO.214 Your business has decided to add credit card numbers to the data it backs up to tape. Which
2045of the following represents the best practice your business should observe?
2046A. Hire a security consultant to provide direction.
2047B. Do not back up cither the credit card numbers or then hashes.
2048C. Back up the hashes of the credit card numbers not the actual credit card numbers.
2049D. Encrypt backup tapes that are sent off-site.
2050Answer: A
2051NO.215 You are performing a penetration test. You achieved access via a buffer overflow exploit and
2052you proceed to find interesting data, such as files with usernames and passwords. You find a hidden
2053folder that has the administrator's bank account password and login information for the
2054administrator's bitcoin account.
2055What should you do?
2056A. Report immediately to the administrator
2057B. Do not report it and continue the penetration test.
2058C. Transfer money from the administrator's account to another account.
2059D. Do not transfer the money but steal the bitcoins.
2060Answer: A
2061NO.216 A company's policy requires employees to perform file transfers using protocols which
2062encrypt traffic. You suspect some employees are still performing file transfers using unencrypted
2063protocols because the employees do not like changes. You have positioned a network sniffer to
2064capture traffic from the laptops used by employees in the data ingest department. Using Wire shark
2065to examine the captured traffic, which command can be used as a display filter to find unencrypted
2066file transfers?
2067A. tcp.port != 21
2068B. tcp.port = 23
2069C. tcp.port ==21
2070D. tcp.port ==21 || tcp.port ==22
2071Answer: D
2072NO.217 Some clients of TPNQM SA were redirected to a malicious site when they tried to access the
2073TPNQM main site. Bob, a system administrator at TPNQM SA, found that they were victims of DNS
2074Cache Poisoning.
2075What should Bob recommend to deal with such a threat?
2076IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
207756
2078A. The use of security agents in clients' computers
2079B. The use of DNSSEC
2080C. The use of double-factor authentication
2081D. Client awareness
2082Answer: B
2083NO.218 During a security audit of IT processes, an IS auditor found that there were no documented
2084security procedures. What should the IS auditor do?
2085A. Identify and evaluate existing practices
2086B. Create a procedures document
2087C. Conduct compliance testing
2088D. Terminate the audit
2089Answer: A
2090Explanation
2091The auditor should first evaluated existing policies and practices to identify problem areas and
2092opportunities.
2093NO.219 A company's Web development team has become aware of a certain type of security
2094vulnerability in their Web software. To mitigate the possibility of this vulnerability being exploited,
2095the team wants to modify the software requirements to disallow users from entering HTML as input
2096into their Web application.
2097What kind of Web application vulnerability likely exists in their software?
2098A. Cross-site scripting vulnerability
2099B. Cross-site Request Forgery vulnerability
2100C. SQL injection vulnerability
2101D. Web site defacement vulnerability
2102Answer: A
2103Explanation
2104Many operators of particular web applications (e.g. forums and webmail) allow users to utilize a
2105limited subset of HTML markup. When accepting HTML input from users (say, <b>very</b> large),
2106output encoding (such as &lt;b&gt;very&lt;/b&gt; large) will not suffice since the user input needs to
2107be rendered as HTML by the browser (so it shows as "very large", instead of "<b>very</b> large").
2108Stopping an XSS attack when accepting HTML input from users is much more complex in this
2109situation. Untrusted HTML input must be run through an HTML sanitization engine to ensure that it
2110does not contain cross-site scripting code.
2111References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crosssite_
2112scripting#Safely_validating_untrusted_HTML_input
2113NO.220 Which of the following defines the role of a root Certificate Authority (CA) in a Public Key
2114Infrastructure (PKI)?
2115A. The root CA is the recovery agent used to encrypt data when a user's certificate is lost.
2116B. The root CA stores the user's hash value for safekeeping.
2117C. The CA is the trusted root that issues certificates.
2118D. The root CA is used to encrypt email messages to prevent unintended disclosure of data.
2119IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
212057
2121Answer: C
2122NO.221 Which service in a PKI will vouch for the identity of an individual or company?
2123A. KDC
2124B. CA
2125C. CR
2126D. CBC
2127Answer: B
2128NO.222 It is a vulnerability in GNU's bash shell, discovered in September of 2014, that gives
2129attackers access to run remote commands on a vulnerable system. The malicious software can take
2130control of an infected machine, launch denial-of-service attacks to disrupt websites, and scan for
2131other vulnerable devices (including routers).
2132Which of the following vulnerabilities is being described?
2133A. Shellshock
2134B. Rootshock
2135C. Rootshell
2136D. Shellbash
2137Answer: A
2138Explanation
2139Shellshock, also known as Bashdoor, is a family of security bugs in the widely used Unix Bash shell,
2140the first of which was disclosed on 24 September 2014.
2141References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shellshock_(software_bug)
2142NO.223 What is the term coined for logging, recording and resolving events in a company?
2143A. Internal Procedure
2144B. Security Policy
2145C. Incident Management Process
2146D. Metrics
2147Answer: C
2148NO.224 Windows file servers commonly hold sensitive files, databases, passwords and more. Which
2149of the following choices would be a common vulnerability that usually exposes them?
2150A. Cross-site scripting
2151B. SQL injection
2152C. Missing patches
2153D. CRLF injection
2154Answer: C
2155NO.225 Study the following log extract and identify the attack.
2156IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
215758
2158A. Hexcode Attack
2159B. Cross Site Scripting
2160C. Multiple Domain Traversal Attack
2161D. Unicode Directory Traversal Attack
2162Answer: D
2163NO.226 Password cracking programs reverse the hashing process to recover passwords.
2164(True/False.)
2165IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
216659
2167A. True
2168B. False
2169Answer: B
2170NO.227 What does a firewall check to prevent particular ports and applications from getting packets
2171into an organization?
2172A. Transport layer port numbers and application layer headers
2173B. Presentation layer headers and the session layer port numbers
2174C. Network layer headers and the session layer port numbers
2175D. Application layer port numbers and the transport layer headers
2176Answer: A
2177Explanation
2178Newer firewalls can filter traffic based on many packet attributes like source IP address, source port,
2179destination IP address or transport layer port, destination service like WWW or FTP. They can filter
2180based on protocols, TTL values, netblock of originator, of the source, and many other attributes.
2181Application layer firewalls are responsible for filtering at 3, 4, 5, 7 layer. Because they analyze the
2182application layer headers, most firewall control and filtering is performed actually in the software.
2183References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firewall_(computing)#Network_layer_or_packet_filters
2184http://howdoesinternetwork.com/2012/application-layer-firewalls
2185NO.228 While reviewing the result of scanning run against a target network you come across the
2186following:
2187Which among the following can be used to get this output?
2188A. A Bo2k system query.
2189B. nmap protocol scan
2190C. A sniffer
2191D. An SNMP walk
2192Answer: D
2193NO.229 _________ is a tool that can hide processes from the process list, can hide files, registry
2194entries, and intercept keystrokes.
2195IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
219660
2197A. Trojan
2198B. RootKit
2199C. DoS tool
2200D. Scanner
2201E. Backdoor
2202Answer: B
2203NO.230 Which of the following is a client-server tool utilized to evade firewall inspection?
2204A. tcp-over-dns
2205B. kismet
2206C. nikto
2207D. hping
2208Answer: A
2209NO.231 Which of the following scanning tools is specifically designed to find potential exploits in
2210Microsoft Windows products?
2211A. Microsoft Security Baseline Analyzer
2212B. Retina
2213C. Core Impact
2214D. Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer
2215Answer: D
2216NO.232 Which set of access control solutions implements two-factor authentication?
2217A. USB token and PIN
2218B. Fingerprint scanner and retina scanner
2219C. Password and PIN
2220D. Account and password
2221Answer: A
2222NO.233 An attacker is using nmap to do a ping sweep and a port scanning in a subnet of 254
2223addresses.
2224In which order should he perform these steps?
2225A. The sequence does not matter. Both steps have to be performed against all hosts.
2226B. First the port scan to identify interesting services and then the ping sweep to find hosts
2227responding to icmp echo requests.
2228C. First the ping sweep to identify live hosts and then the port scan on the live hosts. This way he
2229saves time.
2230D. The port scan alone is adequate. This way he saves time.
2231Answer: C
2232NO.234 Which type of intrusion detection system can monitor and alert on attacks, but cannot stop
2233them?
2234A. Detective
2235IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
223661
2237B. Passive
2238C. Intuitive
2239D. Reactive
2240Answer: B
2241NO.235 In the field of cryptanalysis, what is meant by a "rubber-hose" attack?
2242A. Attempting to decrypt cipher text by making logical assumptions about the contents of the original
2243plain text.
2244B. Extraction of cryptographic secrets through coercion or torture.
2245C. Forcing the targeted key stream through a hardware-accelerated device such as an ASIC.
2246D. A backdoor placed into a cryptographic algorithm by its creator.
2247Answer: B
2248NO.236 An attacker has been successfully modifying the purchase price of items purchased on the
2249company's web site.
2250The security administrators verify the web server and Oracle database have not been compromised
2251directly.
2252They have also verified the Intrusion Detection System (IDS) logs and found no attacks that could
2253have caused this. What is the mostly likely way the attacker has been able to modify the purchase
2254price?
2255A. By using SQL injection
2256B. By changing hidden form values
2257C. By using cross site scripting
2258D. By utilizing a buffer overflow attack
2259Answer: B
2260NO.237 Which of the following is an extremely common IDS evasion technique in the web world?
2261A. unicode characters
2262B. spyware
2263C. port knocking
2264D. subnetting
2265Answer: A
2266Explanation
2267Unicode attacks can be effective against applications that understand it. Unicode is the international
2268standard whose goal is to represent every character needed by every written human language as a
2269single integer number. What is known as Unicode evasion should more correctly be referenced as
2270UTF-8 evasion. Unicode characters are normally represented with two bytes, but this is impractical in
2271real life.
2272One aspect of UTF-8 encoding causes problems: non-Unicode characters can be represented
2273encoded. What is worse is multiple representations of each character can exist. Non-Unicode
2274character encodings are known as overlong characters, and may be signs of attempted attack.
2275References:
2276http://books.gigatux.nl/mirror/apachesecurity/0596007248/apachesc-chp-10-sect-8.html
2277IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
227862
2279NO.238 The configuration allows a wired or wireless network interface controller to pass all traffic it
2280receives to the central processing unit (CPU), rather than passing only the frames that the controller
2281is intended to receive.
2282Which of the following is being described?
2283A. promiscuous mode
2284B. port forwarding
2285C. multi-cast mode
2286D. WEM
2287Answer: A
2288Explanation
2289Promiscuous mode refers to the special mode of Ethernet hardware, in particular network interface
2290cards (NICs), that allows a NIC to receive all traffic on the network, even if it is not addressed to this
2291NIC. By default, a NIC ignores all traffic that is not addressed to it, which is done by comparing the
2292destination address of the Ethernet packet with the hardware address (a.k.a. MAC) of the device.
2293While this makes perfect sense for networking, non-promiscuous mode makes it difficult to use
2294network monitoring and analysis software for diagnosing connectivity issues or traffic accounting.
2295References: https://www.tamos.com/htmlhelp/monitoring/
2296NO.239 Bob, a system administrator at TPNQM SA, concluded one day that a DMZ is not needed if
2297he properly configures the firewall to allow access just to servers/ports, which can have direct
2298internet access, and block the access to workstations.
2299Bob also concluded that DMZ makes sense just when a stateful firewall is available, which is not the
2300case of TPNQM SA.
2301In this context, what can you say?
2302A. Bob can be right since DMZ does not make sense when combined with stateless firewalls
2303B. Bob is partially right. He does not need to separate networks if he can create rules by destination
2304IPs, one by one
2305C. Bob is totally wrong. DMZ is always relevant when the company has internet servers and
2306workstations
2307D. Bob is partially right. DMZ does not make sense when a stateless firewall is available
2308Answer: C
2309NO.240 Which address translation scheme would allow a single public IP address to always
2310correspond to a single machine on an internal network, allowing "server publishing"?
2311A. Overloading Port Address Translation
2312B. Dynamic Port Address Translation
2313C. Dynamic Network Address Translation
2314D. Static Network Address Translation
2315Answer: D
2316NO.241 Which of the following is a passive wireless packet analyzer that works on Linux-based
2317systems?
2318A. Burp Suite
2319B. OpenVAS
2320IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
232163
2322C. tshark
2323D. Kismet
2324Answer: D
2325NO.242 Which of the following is the greatest threat posed by backups?
2326A. A backup is the source of Malware or illicit information.
2327B. A backup is unavailable during disaster recovery.
2328C. A backup is incomplete because no verification was performed.
2329D. An un-encrypted backup can be misplaced or stolen.
2330Answer: D
2331Explanation
2332If the data written on the backup media is properly encrypted, it will be useless for anyone without
2333the key.
2334References:
2335http://resources.infosecinstitute.com/backup-media-encryption/
2336NO.243 Which Type of scan sends a packets with no flags set?
2337A. Open Scan
2338B. Null Scan
2339C. Xmas Scan
2340D. Half-Open Scan
2341Answer: B
2342NO.244 Ricardo wants to send secret messages to a competitor company. To secure these
2343messages, he uses a technique of hiding a secret message within an ordinary message. The technique
2344provides 'security through obscurity'.
2345What technique is Ricardo using?
2346A. Steganography
2347B. Public-key cryptography
2348C. RSA algorithm
2349D. Encryption
2350Answer: A
2351Explanation
2352Steganography is the practice of concealing a file, message, image, or video within another file,
2353message, image, or video.
2354References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steganography
2355NO.245 Employees in a company are no longer able to access Internet web sites on their computers.
2356The network administrator is able to successfully ping IP address of web servers on the Internet and
2357is able to open web sites by using an IP address in place of the URL. The administrator runs the
2358nslookup command for www.eccouncil.org and receives an error message stating there is no
2359response from the server. What should the administrator do next?
2360A. Configure the firewall to allow traffic on TCP ports 53 and UDP port 53.
2361B. Configure the firewall to allow traffic on TCP ports 80 and UDP port 443.
2362IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
236364
2364C. Configure the firewall to allow traffic on TCP port 53.
2365D. Configure the firewall to allow traffic on TCP port 8080.
2366Answer: A
2367NO.246 Which of the following BEST describes the mechanism of a Boot Sector Virus?
2368A. Moves the MBR to another location on the hard disk and copies itself to the original location of
2369the MBR
2370B. Moves the MBR to another location on the RAM and copies itself to the original location of the
2371MBR
2372C. Overwrites the original MBR and only executes the new virus code
2373D. Modifies directory table entries so that directory entries point to the virus code instead of the
2374actual program
2375Answer: A
2376NO.247 You are looking for SQL injection vulnerability by sending a special character to web
2377applications. Which of the following is the most useful for quick validation?
2378A. Double quotation
2379B. Backslash
2380C. Semicolon
2381D. Single quotation
2382Answer: D
2383NO.248 Why should the security analyst disable/remove unnecessary ISAPI filters?
2384A. To defend against social engineering attacks
2385B. To defend against webserver attacks
2386C. To defend against jailbreaking
2387D. To defend against wireless attacks
2388Answer: B
2389NO.249 When a security analyst prepares for the formal security assessment - what of the following
2390should be done in order to determine inconsistencies in the secure assets database and verify that
2391system is compliant to the minimum security baseline?
2392A. Data items and vulnerability scanning
2393B. Interviewing employees and network engineers
2394C. Reviewing the firewalls configuration
2395D. Source code review
2396Answer: A
2397NO.250 It is a regulation that has a set of guidelines, which should be adhered to by anyone who
2398handles any electronic medical data. These guidelines stipulate that all medical practices must ensure
2399that all necessary measures are in place while saving, accessing, and sharing any electronic medical
2400data to keep patient data secure.
2401Which of the following regulations best matches the description?
2402IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
240365
2404A. HIPAA
2405B. ISO/IEC 27002
2406C. COBIT
2407D. FISMA
2408Answer: A
2409Explanation
2410The HIPAA Privacy Rule regulates the use and disclosure of Protected Health Information (PHI) held
2411by
2412"covered entities" (generally, health care clearinghouses, employer sponsored health plans, health
2413insurers, and medical service providers that engage in certain transactions.)[15] By regulation, the
2414Department of Health and Human Services extended the HIPAA privacy rule to independent
2415contractors of covered entities who fit within the definition of "business associates".
2416References:
2417https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_Insurance_Portability_and_Accountability_Act#Privacy_Rule
2418NO.251 Cross-site request forgery involves:
2419A. A request sent by a malicious user from a browser to a server
2420B. Modification of a request by a proxy between client and server
2421C. A browser making a request to a server without the user's knowledge
2422D. A server making a request to another server without the user's knowledge
2423Answer: C
2424NO.252 Which regulation defines security and privacy controls for Federal information systems and
2425organizations?
2426A. NIST-800-53
2427B. PCI-DSS
2428C. EU Safe Harbor
2429D. HIPAA
2430Answer: A
2431Explanation
2432NIST Special Publication 800-53, "Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and
2433Organizations," provides a catalog of security controls for all U.S. federal information systems except
2434those related to national security.
2435References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NIST_Special_Publication_800-53
2436NO.253 An ethical hacker for a large security research firm performs penetration tests, vulnerability
2437tests, and risk assessments. A friend recently started a company and asks the hacker to perform a
2438penetration test and vulnerability assessment of the new company as a favor. What should the
2439hacker's next step be before starting work on this job?
2440A. Start by foot printing the network and mapping out a plan of attack.
2441B. Ask the employer for authorization to perform the work outside the company.
2442C. Begin the reconnaissance phase with passive information gathering and then move into active
2443information gathering.
2444D. Use social engineering techniques on the friend's employees to help identify areas that may be
2445IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
244666
2447susceptible to attack.
2448Answer: B
2449NO.254 Chandler works as a pen-tester in an IT-firm in New York. As a part of detecting viruses in
2450the systems, he uses a detection method where the anti-virus executes the malicious codes on a
2451virtual machine to simulate CPU and memory activities.
2452Which type of virus detection method did Chandler use in this context?
2453A. Heuristic Analysis
2454B. Code Emulation
2455C. Integrity checking
2456D. Scanning
2457Answer: B
2458NO.255 Bob, your senior colleague, has sent you a mail regarding a deal with one of the clients. You
2459are requested to accept the offer and you oblige. After 2 days. Bob denies that he had ever sent a
2460mail. What do you want to
2461""know"" to prove yourself that it was Bob who had send a mail?
2462A. Authentication
2463B. Confidentiality
2464C. Integrity
2465D. Non-Repudiation
2466Answer: D
2467NO.256 Which type of scan is used on the eye to measure the layer of blood vessels?
2468A. Facial recognition scan
2469B. Retinal scan
2470C. Iris scan
2471D. Signature kinetics scan
2472Answer: B
2473NO.257 A new wireless client that is 802.11 compliant cannot connect to a wireless network given
2474that the client can see the network and it has compatible hardware and software installed. Upon
2475further tests and investigation, it was found out that the Wireless Access Point (WAP) was not
2476responding to the association requests being sent by the wireless client. What MOST likely is the
2477issue on this scenario?
2478A. The client cannot see the SSID of the wireless network
2479B. The WAP does not recognize the client's MAC address.
2480C. The wireless client is not configured to use DHCP.
2481D. Client is configured for the wrong channel
2482Answer: B
2483NO.258 Windows LAN Manager (LM) hashes are known to be weak.
2484Which of the following are known weaknesses of LM? (Choose three.)
2485A. Converts passwords to uppercase.
2486IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
248767
2488B. Hashes are sent in clear text over the network.
2489C. Makes use of only 32-bit encryption.
2490D. Effective length is 7 characters.
2491Answer: A B D
2492NO.259 Which element of Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) verifies the applicant?
2493A. Certificate authority
2494B. Validation authority
2495C. Registration authority
2496D. Verification authority
2497Answer: C
2498NO.260 Which of the following algorithms can be used to guarantee the integrity of messages being
2499sent, in transit, or stored?
2500A. symmetric algorithms
2501B. asymmetric algorithms
2502C. hashing algorithms
2503D. integrity algorithms
2504Answer: C
2505NO.261 It is a widely used standard for message logging. It permits separation of the software that
2506generates messages, the system that stores them, and the software that reports and analyzes them.
2507This protocol is specifically designed for transporting event messages. Which of the following is being
2508described?
2509A. SNMP
2510B. ICMP
2511C. SYSLOG
2512D. SMS
2513Answer: C
2514NO.262 When tuning security alerts, what is the best approach?
2515A. Tune to avoid False positives and False Negatives
2516B. Rise False positives Rise False Negatives
2517C. Decrease the false positives
2518D. Decrease False negatives
2519Answer: A
2520NO.263 What is one of the advantages of using both symmetric and asymmetric cryptography in
2521SSL/TLS?
2522A. Symmetric algorithms such as AES provide a failsafe when asymmetric methods fail.
2523B. Asymmetric cryptography is computationally expensive in comparison. However, it is well-suited
2524to securely negotiate keys for use with symmetric cryptography.
2525C. Symmetric encryption allows the server to securely transmit the session keys out-of-band.
2526IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
252768
2528D. Supporting both types of algorithms allows less-powerful devices such as mobile phones to use
2529symmetric encryption instead.
2530Answer: D
2531NO.264 A newly discovered flaw in a software application would be considered which kind of
2532security vulnerability?
2533A. Input validation flaw
2534B. HTTP header injection vulnerability
2535C. 0-day vulnerability
2536D. Time-to-check to time-to-use flaw
2537Answer: C
2538NO.265 When you are getting information about a web server, it is very important to know the HTTP
2539Methods (GET, POST, HEAD, PUT, DELETE, TRACE) that are available because there are two critical
2540methods (PUT and DELETE). PUT can upload a file to the server and DELETE can delete a file from the
2541server. You can detect all these methods (GET, POST, HEAD, PUT, DELETE, TRACE) using NMAP script
2542engine.
2543What nmap script will help you with this task?
2544A. http-methods
2545B. http enum
2546C. http-headers
2547D. http-git
2548Answer: A
2549Explanation
2550You can check HTTP method vulnerability using NMAP.
2551Example: #nmap -script=http-methods.nse 192.168.0.25
2552References:
2553http://solutionsatexperts.com/http-method-vulnerability-check-using-nmap/
2554NO.266 Which of the following options represents a conceptual characteristic of an anomaly-based
2555IDS over a signature-based IDS?
2556A. Produces less false positives
2557B. Can identify unknown attacks
2558C. Requires vendor updates for a new threat
2559D. Cannot deal with encrypted network traffic
2560Answer: B
2561NO.267 TCP/IP stack fingerprinting is the passive collection of configuration attributes from a
2562remote device during standard layer 4 network communications. Which of the following tools can be
2563used for passive OS fingerprinting?
2564A. nmap
2565B. ping
2566C. tracert
2567D. tcpdump
2568IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
256969
2570Answer: D
2571NO.268 Which of the following is considered the best way to protect Personally Identifiable
2572Information (PII) from Web application vulnerabilities?
2573A. Use cryptographic storage to store all PII
2574B. Use encrypted communications protocols to transmit PII
2575C. Use full disk encryption on all hard drives to protect PII
2576D. Use a security token to log into all Web applications that use PII
2577Answer: A
2578Explanation
2579As a matter of good practice any PII should be protected with strong encryption.
2580References: https://cuit.columbia.edu/cuit/it-security-practices/handling-personally-identifyinginformation
2581NO.269 What network security concept requires multiple layers of security controls to be placed
2582throughout an IT infrastructure, which improves the security posture of an organization to defend
2583against malicious attacks or potential vulnerabilities?
2584What kind of Web application vulnerability likely exists in their software?
2585A. Host-Based Intrusion Detection System
2586B. Security through obscurity
2587C. Defense in depth
2588D. Network-Based Intrusion Detection System
2589Answer: C
2590NO.270 Which of the following levels of algorithms does Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) use?
2591A. RSA 1024 bit strength
2592B. AES 1024 bit strength
2593C. RSA 512 bit strength
2594D. AES 512 bit strength
2595Answer: A
2596NO.271 A hacker is an intelligent individual with excellent computer skills and the ability to explore a
2597computer's software and hardware without the owner's permission. Their intention can either be to
2598simply gain knowledge or to illegally make changes. Which of the following class of hacker refers to
2599an individual who works both offensively and defensively at various times?
2600A. Suicide Hacker
2601B. Black Hat
2602C. White Hat
2603D. Gray Hat
2604Answer: D
2605NO.272 Fingerprinting VPN firewalls is possible with which of the following tools?
2606A. Angry IP
2607B. Nikto
2608IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
260970
2610C. Ike-scan
2611D. Arp-scan
2612Answer: C
2613NO.273 What is a "Collision attack" in cryptography?
2614A. Collision attacks try to find two inputs producing the same hash.
2615B. Collision attacks try to break the hash into two parts, with the same bytes in each part to get the
2616private key.
2617C. Collision attacks try to get the public key.
2618D. Collision attacks try to break the hash into three parts to get the plaintext value.
2619Answer: A
2620Explanation
2621A Collision Attack is an attempt to find two input strings of a hash function that produce the same
2622hash result.
2623References: https://learncryptography.com/hash-functions/hash-collision-attack
2624NO.274 It is a short-range wireless communication technology intended to replace the cables
2625connecting portable of fixed devices while maintaining high levels of security. It allows mobile
2626phones, computers and other devices to connect and communicate using a short-range wireless
2627connection.
2628Which of the following terms best matches the definition?
2629A. Bluetooth
2630B. Radio-Frequency Identification
2631C. WLAN
2632D. InfraRed
2633Answer: A
2634Explanation
2635Bluetooth is a standard for the short-range wireless interconnection of mobile phones, computers,
2636and other electronic devices.
2637References:
2638http://www.bbc.co.uk/webwise/guides/about-bluetooth
2639NO.275 What is a NULL scan?
2640A. A scan in which all flags are turned off
2641B. A scan in which certain flags are off
2642C. A scan in which all flags are on
2643D. A scan in which the packet size is set to zero
2644E. A scan with an illegal packet size
2645Answer: A
2646NO.276 An attacker runs netcat tool to transfer a secret file between two hosts.
2647He is worried about information being sniffed on the network.
2648IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
264971
2650How would the attacker use netcat to encrypt the information before transmitting onto the wire?
2651A. Machine A: netcat -l -p -s password 1234 < testfileMachine B: netcat <machine A IP> 1234
2652B. Machine A: netcat -l -e magickey -p 1234 < testfileMachine B: netcat <machine A IP> 1234
2653C. Machine A: netcat -l -p 1234 < testfile -pw passwordMachine B: netcat <machine A IP> 1234 -pw
2654password
2655D. Use cryptcat instead of netcat
2656Answer: D
2657NO.277 This phase will increase the odds of success in later phases of the penetration test. It is also
2658the very first step in Information Gathering, and it will tell you what the "landscape" looks like.
2659What is the most important phase of ethical hacking in which you need to spend a considerable
2660amount of time?
2661A. footprinting
2662B. network mapping
2663C. gaining access
2664D. escalating privileges
2665Answer: A
2666Explanation
2667Footprinting is a first step that a penetration tester used to evaluate the security of any IT
2668infrastructure, footprinting means to gather the maximum information about the computer system
2669or a network and about the devices that are attached to this network.
2670References:
2671http://www.ehacking.net/2011/02/footprinting-first-step-of-ethical.html
2672NO.278 In IPv6 what is the major difference concerning application layer vulnerabilities compared to
2673IPv4?
2674A. Implementing IPv4 security in a dual-stack network offers protection from IPv6 attacks too.
2675B. Vulnerabilities in the application layer are independent of the network layer. Attacks and
2676mitigation techniques are almost identical.
2677C. Due to the extensive security measures built in IPv6, application layer vulnerabilities need not be
2678addresses.
2679D. Vulnerabilities in the application layer are greatly different from IPv4.
2680Answer: B
2681NO.279 Pentest results indicate that voice over IP traffic is traversing a network. Which of the
2682following tools will decode a packet capture and extract the voice conversations?
2683A. Cain
2684B. John the Ripper
2685C. Nikto
2686D. Hping
2687Answer: A
2688NO.280 Which initial procedure should an ethical hacker perform after being brought into an
2689organization?
2690IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
269172
2692A. Begin security testing.
2693B. Turn over deliverables.
2694C. Sign a formal contract with non-disclosure.
2695D. Assess what the organization is trying to protect.
2696Answer: C
2697NO.281 What is the main security service a cryptographic hash provides?
2698A. Integrity and ease of computation
2699B. Message authentication and collision resistance
2700C. Integrity and collision resistance
2701D. Integrity and computational in-feasibility
2702Answer: D
2703NO.282 A large company intends to use Blackberry for corporate mobile phones and a security
2704analyst is assigned to evaluate the possible threats. The analyst will use the Blackjacking attack
2705method to demonstrate how an attacker could circumvent perimeter defenses and gain access to the
2706corporate network. What tool should the analyst use to perform a Blackjacking attack?
2707A. Paros Proxy
2708B. BBProxy
2709C. BBCrack
2710D. Blooover
2711Answer: B
2712Explanation
2713Blackberry users warned of hacking tool threat.
2714Users have been warned that the security of Blackberry wireless e-mail devices is at risk due to the
2715availability this week of a new hacking tool. Secure Computing Corporation said businesses that have
2716installed Blackberry servers behind their gateway security devices could be vulnerable to a hacking
2717attack from a tool call BBProxy.
2718References:
2719http://www.computerweekly.com/news/2240062112/Technology-news-in-brief
2720NO.283 Which of the following is a vulnerability in GNU's bash shell (discovered in September of
27212014) that gives attackers access to run remote commands on a vulnerable system?
2722A. Shellshock
2723B. Rootshell
2724C. Rootshock
2725D. Shellbash
2726Answer: A
2727NO.284 You are working as a Security Analyst in a company XYZ that owns the whole subnet range
2728of 23.0.0.0/8 and
2729192.168.0.0/8.
2730While monitoring the data, you find a high number of outbound connections. You see that IP's owned
2731by XYZ (Internal) and private IP's are communicating to a Single Public IP. Therefore, the Internal IP's
2732IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
273373
2734are sending data to the Public IP.
2735After further analysis, you find out that this Public IP is a blacklisted IP, and the internal
2736communicating devices are compromised.
2737What kind of attack does the above scenario depict?
2738A. Botnet Attack
2739B. Spear Phishing Attack
2740C. Advanced Persistent Threats
2741D. Rootkit Attack
2742Answer: A
2743NO.285 What is the least important information when you analyze a public IP address in a security
2744alert?
2745A. ARP
2746B. Whois
2747C. DNS
2748D. Geolocation
2749Answer: A
2750NO.286 How can telnet be used to fingerprint a web server?
2751A. telnet webserverAddress 80HEAD / HTTP/1.0
2752B. telnet webserverAddress 80PUT / HTTP/1.0
2753C. telnet webserverAddress 80HEAD / HTTP/2.0
2754D. telnet webserverAddress 80PUT / HTTP/2.0
2755Answer: A
2756NO.287 If a tester is attempting to ping a target that exists but receives no response or a response
2757that states the destination is unreachable, ICMP may be disabled and the network may be using TCP.
2758Which other option could the tester use to get a response from a host using TCP?
2759A. Hping
2760B. Traceroute
2761C. TCP ping
2762D. Broadcast ping
2763Answer: A
2764NO.288 Which of the following tools would be the best choice for achieving compliance with PCI
2765Requirement 11?
2766A. Truecrypt
2767B. Sub7
2768C. Nessus
2769D. Clamwin
2770Answer: C
2771NO.289 An attacker is trying to redirect the traffic of a small office. That office is using their own
2772IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
277374
2774mail server, DNS server and NTP server because of the importance of their job. The attacker gains
2775access to the DNS server and redirects the direction www.google.com to his own IP address. Now
2776when the employees of the office want to go to Google they are being redirected to the attacker
2777machine. What is the name of this kind of attack?
2778A. ARP Poisoning
2779B. Smurf Attack
2780C. DNS spoofing
2781D. MAC Flooding
2782Answer: C
2783NO.290 After trying multiple exploits, you've gained root access to a Centos 6 server. To ensure you
2784maintain access, what would you do first?
2785A. Create User Account
2786B. Disable Key Services
2787C. Disable IPTables
2788D. Download and Install Netcat
2789Answer: A
2790NO.291 If an e-commerce site was put into a live environment and the programmers failed to
2791remove the secret entry point that was used during the application development, what is this secret
2792entry point known as?
2793A. SDLC process
2794B. Honey pot
2795C. SQL injection
2796D. Trap door
2797Answer: D
2798NO.292 The following is an entry captured by a network IDS. You are assigned the task of analyzing
2799this entry. You notice the value 0x90, which is the most common NOOP instruction for the Intel
2800processor. You figure that the attacker is attempting a buffer overflow attack.
2801You also notice "/bin/sh" in the ASCII part of the output.
2802As an analyst what would you conclude about the attack?
2803IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
280475
2805A. The buffer overflow attack has been neutralized by the IDS
2806B. The attacker is creating a directory on the compromised machine
2807C. The attacker is attempting a buffer overflow attack and has succeeded
2808D. The attacker is attempting an exploit that launches a command-line shell
2809Answer: D
2810NO.293 Security and privacy of/on information systems are two entities that requires lawful
2811regulations. Which of the following regulations defines security and privacy controls for Federal
2812information systems and organizations?
2813A. NIST SP 800-53
2814B. PCI-DSS
2815C. EU Safe Harbor
2816D. HIPAA
2817Answer: A
2818NO.294 A circuit level gateway works at which of the following layers of the OSI Model?
2819A. Layer 5 - Application
2820B. Layer 4 - TCP
2821C. Layer 3 - Internet protocol
2822D. Layer 2 - Data link
2823Answer: B
2824NO.295 You need to deploy a new web-based software package for your organization. The package
2825requires three separate servers and needs to be available on the Internet. What is the recommended
2826architecture in terms of server placement?
2827IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
282876
2829A. All three servers need to be placed internally
2830B. A web server facing the Internet, an application server on the internal network, a database server
2831on the internal network
2832C. A web server and the database server facing the Internet, an application server on the internal
2833network
2834D. All three servers need to face the Internet so that they can communicate between themselves
2835Answer: B
2836NO.296 What is the purpose of a demilitarized zone on a network?
2837A. To scan all traffic coming through the DMZ to the internal network
2838B. To only provide direct access to the nodes within the DMZ and protect the network behind it
2839C. To provide a place to put the honeypot
2840D. To contain the network devices you wish to protect
2841Answer: B
2842NO.297 Which of the following areas is considered a strength of symmetric key cryptography when
2843compared with asymmetric algorithms?
2844A. Scalability
2845B. Speed
2846C. Key distribution
2847D. Security
2848Answer: B
2849NO.298 A certified ethical hacker (CEH) completed a penetration test of the main headquarters of a
2850company almost two months ago, but has yet to get paid. The customer is suffering from financial
2851problems, and the CEH is worried that the company will go out of business and end up not paying.
2852What actions should the CEH take?
2853A. Threaten to publish the penetration test results if not paid.
2854B. Follow proper legal procedures against the company to request payment.
2855C. Tell other customers of the financial problems with payments from this company.
2856D. Exploit some of the vulnerabilities found on the company webserver to deface it.
2857Answer: B
2858NO.299 Which United States legislation mandates that the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and the
2859Chief Financial Officer (CFO) must sign statements verifying the completeness and accuracy of
2860financial reports?
2861A. Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX)
2862B. Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA)
2863C. Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act (FACTA)
2864D. Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA)
2865Answer: A
2866NO.300 Which of the following Nmap commands will produce the following output?
2867IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
286877
2869Output:
2870A. nmap -sN -Ps -T4 192.168.1.1
2871B. nmap -sT -sX -Pn -p 1-65535 192.168.1.1
2872C. nmap -sS -Pn 192.168.1.1
2873D. nmap -sS -sU -Pn -p 1-65535 192.168.1.1
2874Answer: D
2875NO.301 Developers at your company are creating a web application which will be available for use
2876by anyone on the Internet, The developers have taken the approach of implementing a Three-Tier
2877Architecture for the web application. The developers are now asking you which network should the
2878Presentation Tier (front- end web server) be placed in?
2879A. isolated vlan network
2880B. Mesh network
2881C. DMZ network
2882D. Internal network
2883Answer: A
2884NO.302 A medium-sized healthcare IT business decides to implement a risk management strategy.
2885Which of the following is NOT one of the five basic responses to risk?
2886A. Delegate
2887IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
288878
2889B. Avoid
2890C. Mitigate
2891D. Accept
2892Answer: A
2893Explanation
2894There are five main ways to manage risk: acceptance, avoidance, transference, mitigation or
2895exploitation.
2896References:
2897http://www.dbpmanagement.com/15/5-ways-to-manage-risk
2898NO.303 Which of the following provides a security professional with most information about the
2899system's security posture?
2900A. Wardriving, warchalking, social engineering
2901B. Social engineering, company site browsing, tailgating
2902C. Phishing, spamming, sending trojans
2903D. Port scanning, banner grabbing, service identification
2904Answer: D
2905NO.304 Which of the following steps for risk assessment methodology refers to vulnerability
2906identification?
2907A. Determines if any flaws exist in systems, policies, or procedures
2908B. Assigns values to risk probabilities; Impact values.
2909C. Determines risk probability that vulnerability will be exploited (High. Medium, Low)
2910D. Identifies sources of harm to an IT system. (Natural, Human. Environmental)
2911Answer: C
2912NO.305 The use of technologies like IPSec can help guarantee the following: authenticity, integrity,
2913confidentiality and
2914A. non-repudiation.
2915B. operability.
2916C. security.
2917D. usability.
2918Answer: A
2919NO.306 A zone file consists of which of the following Resource Records (RRs)?
2920A. DNS, NS, AXFR, and MX records
2921B. DNS, NS, PTR, and MX records
2922C. SOA, NS, AXFR, and MX records
2923D. SOA, NS, A, and MX records
2924Answer: D
2925NO.307 Which of the following is a hardware requirement that either an IDS/IPS system or a proxy
2926server must have in order to properly function?
2927IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
292879
2929A. Fast processor to help with network traffic analysis
2930B. They must be dual-homed
2931C. Similar RAM requirements
2932D. Fast network interface cards
2933Answer: B
2934Explanation
2935Dual-homed or dual-homing can refer to either an Ethernet device that has more than one network
2936interface, for redundancy purposes, or in firewall technology, dual-homed is one of the firewall
2937architectures, such as an IDS/IPS system, for implementing preventive security.
2938References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual-homed
2939NO.308 Jimmy is standing outside a secure entrance to a facility. He is pretending to have a tense
2940conversation on his cell phone as an authorized employee badges in. Jimmy, while still on the phone,
2941grabs the door as it begins to close.
2942What just happened?
2943A. Phishing
2944B. Whaling
2945C. Tailgating
2946D. Masquerading
2947Answer: C
2948NO.309 Which of the following Nmap commands would be used to perform a stack fingerprinting?
2949A. Nmap -O -p80 <host(s.>
2950B. Nmap -hU -Q<host(s.>
2951C. Nmap -sT -p <host(s.>
2952D. Nmap -u -o -w2 <host>
2953E. Nmap -sS -0p targe
2954Answer: B
2955NO.310 An IT security engineer notices that the company's web server is currently being hacked.
2956What should the engineer do next?
2957A. Unplug the network connection on the company's web server.
2958B. Determine the origin of the attack and launch a counterattack.
2959C. Record as much information as possible from the attack.
2960D. Perform a system restart on the company's web server.
2961Answer: C
2962NO.311 Eric has discovered a fantastic package of tools named Dsniff on the Internet. He has learnt
2963to use these tools in his lab and is now ready for real world exploitation. He was able to effectively
2964intercept communications between the two entities and establish credentials with both sides of the
2965connections. The two remote ends of the communication never notice that Eric is relaying the
2966information between the two. What would you call this attack?
2967A. Interceptor
2968B. Man-in-the-middle
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2971C. ARP Proxy
2972D. Poisoning Attack
2973Answer: B
2974NO.312 Which security control role does encryption meet?
2975A. Preventative
2976B. Detective
2977C. Offensive
2978D. Defensive
2979Answer: A
2980NO.313 Perspective clients want to see sample reports from previous penetration tests.
2981What should you do next?
2982A. Decline but, provide references.
2983B. Share full reports, not redacted.
2984C. Share full reports with redactions.
2985D. Share reports, after NDA is signed.
2986Answer: A
2987Explanation
2988Penetration tests data should not be disclosed to third parties.
2989NO.314 How is sniffing broadly categorized?
2990A. Active and passive
2991B. Broadcast and unicast
2992C. Unmanaged and managed
2993D. Filtered and unfiltered
2994Answer: A
2995NO.315 To send a PGP encrypted message, which piece of information from the recipient must the
2996sender have before encrypting the message?
2997A. Recipient's private key
2998B. Recipient's public key
2999C. Master encryption key
3000D. Sender's public key
3001Answer: B
3002NO.316 ViruXine.W32 virus hides their presence by changing the underlying executable code.
3003This Virus code mutates while keeping the original algorithm intact, the code changes itself each time
3004it runs, but the function of the code (its semantics) will not change at all.
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300681
3007Here is a section of the Virus code:
3008What is this technique called?
3009A. Polymorphic Virus
3010B. Metamorphic Virus
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301282
3013C. Dravidic Virus
3014D. Stealth Virus
3015Answer: A
3016NO.317 Shellshock had the potential for an unauthorized user to gain access to a server. It affected
3017many internet-facing services, which OS did it not directly affect?
3018A. Windows
3019B. Unix
3020C. Linux
3021D. OS X
3022Answer: A
3023NO.318 The Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) testing methodology addresses the
3024need to secure web applications by providing which one of the following services?
3025A. An extensible security framework named COBIT
3026B. A list of flaws and how to fix them
3027C. Web application patches
3028D. A security certification for hardened web applications
3029Answer: B
3030NO.319 Email is transmitted across the Internet using the Simple Mail Transport Protocol. SMTP
3031does not encrypt email, leaving the information in the message vulnerable to being read by an
3032unauthorized person. SMTP can upgrade a connection between two mail servers to use TLS. Email
3033transmitted by SMTP over TLS is encrypted. What is the name of the command used by SMTP to
3034transmit email over TLS?
3035A. OPPORTUNISTICTLS STARTTLS
3036B. FORCETLS
3037C. UPGRADETLS
3038Answer: B
3039NO.320 Which of the below hashing functions are not recommended for use?
3040A. SHA-1.ECC
3041B. MD5, SHA-1
3042C. SHA-2. SHA-3
3043D. MD5. SHA-5
3044Answer: A
3045NO.321 Which solution can be used to emulate computer services, such as mail and ftp, and to
3046capture information related to logins or actions?
3047A. Firewall
3048B. Honeypot
3049C. Core server
3050D. Layer 4 switch
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3053Answer: B
3054NO.322 An IT employee got a call from one of our best customers. The caller wanted to know about
3055the company's network infrastructure, systems, and team. New opportunities of integration are in
3056sight for both company and customer. What should this employee do?
3057A. Since the company's policy is all about Customer Service, he/she will provide information.
3058B. Disregarding the call, the employee should hang up.
3059C. The employee should not provide any information without previous management authorization.
3060D. The employees can not provide any information; but, anyway, he/she will provide the name of the
3061person in charge.
3062Answer: C
3063NO.323 Which of the following items is unique to the N-tier architecture method of designing
3064software applications?
3065A. Application layers can be separated, allowing each layer to be upgraded independently from other
3066layers.
3067B. It is compatible with various databases including Access, Oracle, and SQL.
3068C. Data security is tied into each layer and must be updated for all layers when any upgrade is
3069performed.
3070D. Application layers can be written in C, ASP.NET, or Delphi without any performance loss.
3071Answer: A
3072NO.324 This TCP flag instructs the sending system to transmit all buffered data immediately.
3073A. SYN
3074B. RST
3075C. PSH
3076D. URG
3077E. FIN
3078Answer: C
3079NO.325 Identify the UDP port that Network Time Protocol (NTP) uses as its primary means of
3080communication?
3081A. 123
3082B. 161
3083C. 69
3084D. 113
3085Answer: A
3086NO.326 A large mobile telephony and data network operator has a data that houses network
3087elements. These are essentially large computers running on Linux. The perimeter of the data center is
3088secured with firewalls and IPS systems. What is the best security policy concerning this setup?
3089A. Network elements must be hardened with user ids and strong passwords. Regular security tests
3090and audits should be performed.
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309284
3093B. As long as the physical access to the network elements is restricted, there is no need for additional
3094measures.
3095C. There is no need for specific security measures on the network elements as long as firewalls and
3096IPS systems exist.
3097D. The operator knows that attacks and down time are inevitable and should have a backup site.
3098Answer: A
3099NO.327 Which of the following attacks exploits web age vulnerabilities that allow an attacker to
3100force an unsuspecting user's browser to send malicious requests they did not intend?
3101A. Command Injection Attacks
3102B. File Injection Attack
3103C. Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
3104D. Hidden Field Manipulation Attack
3105Answer: C
3106NO.328 The company ABC recently contracted a new accountant. The accountant will be working
3107with the financial statements. Those financial statements need to be approved by the CFO and then
3108they will be sent to the accountant but the CFO is worried because he wants to be sure that the
3109information sent to the accountant was not modified once he approved it. What of the following
3110options can be useful to ensure the integrity of the data?
3111A. The document can be sent to the accountant using an exclusive USB for that document.
3112B. The CFO can use a hash algorithm in the document once he approved the financial statements.
3113C. The financial statements can be sent twice, one by email and the other delivered in USB and the
3114accountant can compare both to be sure it is the same document.
3115D. The CFO can use an excel file with a password.
3116Answer: B
3117NO.329 The "black box testing" methodology enforces which kind of restriction?
3118A. Only the external operation of a system is accessible to the tester.
3119B. Only the internal operation of a system is known to the tester.
3120C. The internal operation of a system is only partly accessible to the tester.
3121D. The internal operation of a system is completely known to the tester.
3122Answer: A
3123Explanation
3124Black-box testing is a method of software testing that examines the functionality of an application
3125without peering into its internal structures or workings.
3126References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black-box_testing
3127NO.330 Which of the following statements is TRUE?
3128A. Sniffers operate on Layer 2 of the OSI model
3129B. Sniffers operate on Layer 3 of the OSI model
3130C. Sniffers operate on both Layer 2 & Layer 3 of the OSI model.
3131D. Sniffers operate on the Layer 1 of the OSI model.
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313385
3134Answer: A
3135Explanation
3136The OSI layer 2 is where packet sniffers collect their data.
3137References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet_frame
3138NO.331 While performing data validation of web content, a security technician is required to restrict
3139malicious input.
3140Which of the following processes is an efficient way of restricting malicious input?
3141A. Validate web content input for query strings.
3142B. Validate web content input with scanning tools.
3143C. Validate web content input for type, length, and range.
3144D. Validate web content input for extraneous queries.
3145Answer: C
3146NO.332 A bank stores and processes sensitive privacy information related to home loans. However,
3147auditing has never been enabled on the system. What is the first step that the bank should take
3148before enabling the audit feature?
3149A. Perform a vulnerability scan of the system.
3150B. Determine the impact of enabling the audit feature.
3151C. Perform a cost/benefit analysis of the audit feature.
3152D. Allocate funds for staffing of audit log review.
3153Answer: B
3154NO.333 Firewalls are the software or hardware systems that are able to control and monitor the
3155traffic coming in and out the target network based on pre-defined set of rules.
3156Which of the following types of firewalls can protect against SQL injection attacks?
3157A. Data-driven firewall
3158B. Stateful firewall
3159C. Packet firewall
3160D. Web application firewall
3161Answer: D
3162NO.334 Which of these options is the most secure procedure for storing backup tapes?
3163A. In a climate controlled facility offsite
3164B. On a different floor in the same building
3165C. Inside the data center for faster retrieval in a fireproof safe
3166D. In a cool dry environment
3167Answer: A
3168Explanation
3169An effective disaster data recovery strategy should consist of producing backup tapes and housing
3170them in an offsite storage facility. This way the data isn't compromised if a natural disaster affects the
3171business' office. It is highly recommended that the backup tapes be handled properly and stored in a
3172secure, climate controlled facility. This provides peace of mind, and gives the business almost
3173immediate stability after a disaster.
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3176References:
3177http://www.entrustrm.com/blog/1132/why-is-offsite-tape-storage-the-best-disaster-recoverystrategy
3178NO.335 Which of the following items of a computer system will an anti-virus program scan for
3179viruses?
3180A. Boot Sector
3181B. Deleted Files
3182C. Windows Process List
3183D. Password Protected Files
3184Answer: A
3185NO.336 When conducting a penetration test, it is crucial to use all means to get all available
3186information about the target network. One of the ways to do that is by sniffing the network. Which of
3187the following cannot be performed by the passive network sniffing?
3188A. Identifying operating systems, services, protocols and devices
3189B. Modifying and replaying captured network traffic
3190C. Collecting unencrypted information about usernames and passwords
3191D. Capturing a network traffic for further analysis
3192Answer: B
3193NO.337 Passive reconnaissance involves collecting information through which of the following?
3194A. Social engineering
3195B. Network traffic sniffing
3196C. Man in the middle attacks
3197D. Publicly accessible sources
3198Answer: D
3199NO.338 In cryptanalysis and computer security, 'pass the hash' is a hacking technique that allows an
3200attacker to authenticate to a remote server/service by using the underlying NTLM and/or LanMan
3201hash of a user's password, instead of requiring the associated plaintext password as is normally the
3202case.
3203Metasploit Framework has a module for this technique: psexec. The psexec module is often used by
3204penetration testers to obtain access to a given system that you already know the credentials for. It
3205was written by sysinternals and has been integrated within the framework. Often as penetration
3206testers, successfully gain access to a system through some exploit, use meterpreter to grab the
3207passwords or other methods like fgdump, pwdump, or cachedump and then utilize rainbowtables to
3208crack those hash values.
3209Which of the following is true hash type and sort order that is using in the psexec module's
3210'smbpass'?
3211A. NT:LM
3212B. LM:NT
3213C. LM:NTLM
3214D. NTLM:LM
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321687
3217Answer: B
3218NO.339 Which of the following descriptions is true about a static NAT?
3219A. A static NAT uses a many-to-many mapping.
3220B. A static NAT uses a one-to-many mapping.
3221C. A static NAT uses a many-to-one mapping.
3222D. A static NAT uses a one-to-one mapping.
3223Answer: D
3224NO.340 Security Policy is a definition of what it means to be secure for a system, organization or
3225other entity. For Information Technologies, there are sub-policies like Computer Security Policy,
3226Information Protection Policy, Information Security Policy, network Security Policy, Physical Security
3227Policy, Remote Access Policy, and User Account Policy.
3228What is the main theme of the sub-policies for Information Technologies?
3229A. Availability, Non-repudiation, Confidentiality
3230B. Authenticity, Integrity, Non-repudiation
3231C. Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability
3232D. Authenticity, Confidentiality, Integrity
3233Answer: C
3234NO.341 What are two things that are possible when scanning UDP ports? (Choose two.)
3235A. A reset will be returned
3236B. An ICMP message will be returned
3237C. The four-way handshake will not be completed
3238D. An RFC 1294 message will be returned
3239E. Nothing
3240Answer: B E
3241NO.342 Based on the following extract from the log of a compromised machine, what is the hacker
3242really trying to steal?
3243A. har.txt
3244B. SAM file
3245C. wwwroot
3246D. Repair file
3247Answer: B
3248NO.343 The precaution of prohibiting employees from bringing personal computing devices into a
3249facility is what type of security control?
3250A. Physical
3251B. Procedural
3252C. Technical
3253D. Compliance
3254Answer: B
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325688
3257NO.344 Steve, a scientist who works in a governmental security agency, developed a technological
3258solution to identify people based on walking patterns and implemented this approach to a physical
3259control access.
3260A camera captures people walking and identifies the individuals using Steve's approach.
3261After that, people must approximate their RFID badges. Both the identifications are required to open
3262the door.
3263In this case, we can say:
3264A. Although the approach has two phases, it actually implements just one authentication factor
3265B. The solution implements the two authentication factors: physical object and physical characteristi
3266c
3267C. The solution will have a high level of false positives
3268D. Biological motion cannot be used to identify people
3269Answer: B
3270NO.345 A pentester gains access to a Windows application server and needs to determine the
3271settings of the built-in Windows firewall. Which command would be used?
3272A. Netsh firewall show config
3273B. WMIC firewall show config
3274C. Net firewall show config
3275D. Ipconfig firewall show config
3276Answer: A
3277NO.346 You need a tool that can do network intrusion prevention and intrusion detection, function
3278as a network sniffer, and record network activity, what tool would you most likely select?
3279A. Nmap
3280B. Cain & Abel
3281C. Nessus
3282D. Snort
3283Answer: D
3284NO.347 The use of alert thresholding in an IDS can reduce the volume of repeated alerts, but
3285introduces which of the following vulnerabilities?
3286A. An attacker, working slowly enough, can evade detection by the IDS.
3287B. Network packets are dropped if the volume exceeds the threshold.
3288C. Thresholding interferes with the IDS' ability to reassemble fragmented packets.
3289D. The IDS will not distinguish among packets originating from different sources.
3290Answer: A
3291NO.348 Look at the following output. What did the hacker accomplish?
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3294A. The hacker used whois to gather publicly available records for the domain.
3295B. The hacker used the "fierce" tool to brute force the list of available domains.
3296C. The hacker listed DNS records on his own domain.
3297D. The hacker successfully transferred the zone and enumerated the hosts.
3298Answer: D
3299NO.349 What is the correct PCAP filter to capture all TCP traffic going to or from host 192.168.0.125
3300on port 25?
3301A. tcp.src == 25 and ip.host == 192.168.0.125
3302B. host 192.168.0.125:25
3303C. port 25 and host 192.168.0.125
3304D. tcp.port == 25 and ip.host == 192.168.0.125
3305Answer: D
3306NO.350 A network administrator discovers several unknown files in the root directory of his Linux
3307FTP server. One of the files is a tarball, two are shell script files, and the third is a binary file is named
3308"nc." The FTP server's access logs show that the anonymous user account logged in to the server,
3309uploaded the files, and extracted the contents of the tarball and ran the script using a function
3310provided by the FTP server's software. The ps command shows that the nc file is running as process,
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3313and the netstat command shows the nc process is listening on a network port.
3314What kind of vulnerability must be present to make this remote attack possible?
3315A. File system permissions
3316B. Privilege escalation
3317C. Directory traversal
3318D. Brute force login
3319Answer: A
3320Explanation
3321To upload files the user must have proper write file permissions.
3322References:
3323http://codex.wordpress.org/Hardening_WordPress
3324NO.351 You have compromised a server on a network and successfully opened a shell. You aimed to
3325identify all operating systems running on the network. However, as you attempt to fingerprint all
3326machines in the network using the nmap syntax below, it is not going through.
3327What seems to be wrong?
3328A. OS Scan requires root privileges.
3329B. The nmap syntax is wrong.
3330C. This is a common behavior for a corrupted nmap application.
3331D. The outgoing TCP/IP fingerprinting is blocked by the host firewall.
3332Answer: A
3333Explanation
3334You requested a scan type which requires root privileges.
3335References:
3336http://askubuntu.com/questions/433062/using-nmap-for-information-regarding-web-host
3337NO.352 A hacker is attempting to use nslookup to query Domain Name Service (DNS). The hacker
3338uses the nslookup interactive mode for the search. Which command should the hacker type into the
3339command shell to request the appropriate records?
3340A. Locate type=ns
3341B. Request type=ns
3342C. Set type=ns
3343D. Transfer type=ns
3344Answer: C
3345NO.353 Which of the following processes evaluates the adherence of an organization to its stated
3346security policy?
3347A. Vulnerability assessment
3348B. Penetration testing
3349C. Risk assessment
3350D. Security auditing
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335291
3353Answer: D
3354NO.354 What is the main reason the use of a stored biometric is vulnerable to an attack?
3355A. The digital representation of the biometric might not be unique, even if the physical characteristic
3356is unique.
3357B. Authentication using a stored biometric compares a copy to a copy instead of the original to a
3358copy.
3359C. A stored biometric is no longer "something you are" and instead becomes "something you have".
3360D. A stored biometric can be stolen and used by an attacker to impersonate the individual identified
3361by the biometric.
3362Answer: D
3363NO.355 A computer science student needs to fill some information into a secured Adobe PDF job
3364application that was received from a prospective employer. Instead of requesting a new document
3365that allowed the forms to be completed, the student decides to write a script that pulls passwords
3366from a list of commonly used passwords to try against the secured PDF until the correct password is
3367found or the list is exhausted.
3368Which cryptography attack is the student attempting?
3369A. Man-in-the-middle attack
3370B. Brute-force attack
3371C. Dictionary attack
3372D. Session hijacking
3373Answer: C
3374NO.356 Which of the following is the best countermeasure to encrypting ransomwares?
3375A. Use multiple antivirus softwares
3376B. Keep some generation of off-line backup
3377C. Analyze the ransomware to get decryption key of encrypted data
3378D. Pay a ransom
3379Answer: B
3380NO.357 You have successfully compromised a machine on the network and found a server that is
3381alive on the same network. You tried to ping it but you didn't get any response back.
3382What is happening?
3383A. ICMP could be disabled on the target server.
3384B. The ARP is disabled on the target server.
3385C. TCP/IP doesn't support ICMP.
3386D. You need to run the ping command with root privileges.
3387Answer: A
3388Explanation
3389The ping utility is implemented using the ICMP "Echo request" and "Echo reply" messages.
3390Note: The Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is one of the main protocols of the internet
3391protocol suite. It is used by network devices, like routers, to send error messages indicating, for
3392example, that a requested service is not available or that a host or router could not be reached.
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3395References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Control_Message_Protocol
3396NO.358 Which tool is used to automate SQL injections and exploit a database by forcing a given web
3397application to connect to another database controlled by a hacker?
3398A. DataThief
3399B. NetCat
3400C. Cain and Abel
3401D. SQLInjector
3402Answer: A
3403NO.359 A security engineer is attempting to map a company's internal network. The engineer enters
3404in the following NMAP command:
3405NMAP -n -sS -P0 -p 80 ***.***.**.**
3406What type of scan is this?
3407A. Quick scan
3408B. Intense scan
3409C. Stealth scan
3410D. Comprehensive scan
3411Answer: C
3412NO.360 Which of the following is an example of an asymmetric encryption implementation?
3413A. SHA1
3414B. PGP
3415C. 3DES
3416D. MD5
3417Answer: B
3418NO.361 Which of the following is the BEST way to protect Personally Identifiable Information (PII)
3419from being exploited due to vulnerabilities of varying web applications?
3420A. Use cryptographic storage to store all PII
3421B. Use full disk encryption on all hard drives to protect PII
3422C. Use encrypted communications protocols to transmit PII
3423D. Use a security token to log into all Web applications that use PII
3424Answer: C
3425NO.362 Trinity needs to scan all hosts on a /16 network for TCP port 445 only. What is the fastest
3426way she can accomplish this with Nmap? Stealth is not a concern.
3427A. nmap -sn -sF 10.1.0.0/16 445
3428B. nmap -p 445 -n -T4 -open 10.1.0.0/16
3429C. nmap -s 445 -sU -T5 10.1.0.0/16
3430D. nmap -p 445 -max -Pn 10.1.0.0/16
3431Answer: B
3432NO.363 It is a kind of malware (malicious software) that criminals install on your computer so they
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3435can lock it from a remote location. This malware generates a pop-up window, webpage, or email
3436warning from what looks like an official authority. It explains that your computer has been locked
3437because of possible illegal activities on it and demands payment before you can access your files and
3438programs again.
3439Which of the following terms best matches the definition?
3440A. Ransomware
3441B. Adware
3442C. Spyware
3443D. Riskware
3444Answer: A
3445Explanation
3446Ransomware is a type of malware that can be covertly installed on a computer without knowledge or
3447intention of the user that restricts access to the infected computer system in some way, and
3448demands that the user pay a ransom to the malware operators to remove the restriction. Some
3449forms of ransomware systematically encrypt files on the system's hard drive, which become difficult
3450or impossible to decrypt without paying the ransom for the encryption key, while some may simply
3451lock the system and display messages intended to coax the user into paying. Ransomware typically
3452propagates as a Trojan.
3453References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ransomware
3454NO.364 What are the three types of authentication?
3455A. Something you: know, remember, prove
3456B. Something you: have, know, are
3457C. Something you: show, prove, are
3458D. Something you: show, have, prove
3459Answer: B
3460NO.365 What is the proper response for a NULL scan if the port is open?
3461A. SYN
3462B. ACK
3463C. FIN
3464D. PSH
3465E. RST
3466F. No response
3467Answer: F
3468NO.366 An nmap command that includes the host specification of 202.176.56-57.* will scan
3469_______ number of hosts.
3470A. 2
3471B. 256
3472C. 512
3473D. Over 10, 000
3474Answer: C
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347694
3477NO.367 What is the code written for?
3478A. Buffer Overflow
3479B. Encryption
3480C. Bruteforce
3481D. Denial-of-service (Dos)
3482Answer: A
3483NO.368 When analyzing the IDS logs, the system administrator noticed an alert was logged when
3484the external router was accessed from the administrator's computer to update the router
3485configuration. What type of an alert is this?
3486A. False positive
3487B. False negative
3488C. True positve
3489D. True negative
3490Answer: A
3491NO.369 How does an operating system protect the passwords used for account logins?
3492A. The operating system performs a one-way hash of the passwords.
3493B. The operating system stores the passwords in a secret file that users cannot find.
3494C. The operating system encrypts the passwords, and decrypts them when needed.
3495D. The operating system stores all passwords in a protected segment of non-volatile memory.
3496Answer: A
3497NO.370 What type of analysis is performed when an attacker has partial knowledge of innerworkings
3498of the application?
3499A. Black-box
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3502B. Announced
3503C. White-box
3504D. Grey-box
3505Answer: D
3506NO.371 Which of the following settings enables Nessus to detect when it is sending too many
3507packets and the network pipe is approaching capacity?
3508A. Netstat WMI Scan
3509B. Silent Dependencies
3510C. Consider unscanned ports as closed
3511D. Reduce parallel connections on congestion
3512Answer: D
3513NO.372 Name two software tools used for OS guessing? (Choose two.)
3514A. Nmap
3515B. Snadboy
3516C. Queso
3517D. UserInfo
3518E. NetBus
3519Answer: A C
3520NO.373 What is one thing a tester can do to ensure that the software is trusted and is not changing
3521or tampering with critical data on the back end of a system it is loaded on?
3522A. Proper testing
3523B. Secure coding principles
3524C. Systems security and architecture review
3525D. Analysis of interrupts within the software
3526Answer: D
3527NO.374 Bob received this text message on his mobile phone: ""Hello, this is Scott Smelby from the
3528Yahoo Bank.
3529Kindly contact me for a vital transaction on: scottsmelby@yahoo.com"". Which statement below is
3530true?
3531A. This is probably a legitimate message as it comes from a respectable organization.
3532B. Bob should write to scottsmelby@yahoo.com to verify the identity of Scott.
3533C. This is a scam as everybody can get a @yahoo address, not the Yahoo customer service
3534employees.
3535D. This is a scam because Bob does not know Scott.
3536Answer: C
3537NO.375 You are attempting to run an Nmap port scan on a web server. Which of the following
3538commands would result in a scan of common ports with the least amount of noise in order to evade
3539IDS?
3540IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
354196
3542A. nmap -A - Pn
3543B. nmap -sP -p-65535-T5
3544C. nmap -sT -O -T0
3545D. nmap -A --host-timeout 99-T1
3546Answer: C
3547NO.376 Which of the following is the BEST approach to prevent Cross-site Scripting (XSS) flaws?
3548A. Use digital certificates to authenticate a server prior to sending data.
3549B. Verify access right before allowing access to protected information and UI controls.
3550C. Verify access right before allowing access to protected information and UI controls.
3551D. Validate and escape all information sent to a server.
3552Answer: D
3553NO.377 Which of the following is a preventive control?
3554A. Smart card authentication
3555B. Security policy
3556C. Audit trail
3557D. Continuity of operations plan
3558Answer: A
3559NO.378 To determine if a software program properly handles a wide range of invalid input, a form of
3560automated testing can be used to randomly generate invalid input in an attempt to crash the
3561program.
3562What term is commonly used when referring to this type of testing?
3563A. Fuzzing
3564B. Randomizing
3565C. Mutating
3566D. Bounding
3567Answer: A
3568Explanation
3569Fuzz testing or fuzzing is a software testing technique, often automated or semi-automated, that
3570involves providing invalid, unexpected, or random data to the inputs of a computer program. The
3571program is then monitored for exceptions such as crashes, or failing built-in code assertions or for
3572finding potential memory leaks. Fuzzing is commonly used to test for security problems in software
3573or computer systems. It is a form of random testing which has been used for testing hardware or
3574software.
3575References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzz_testing
3576NO.379 What is the broadcast address for the subnet 190.86.168.0/22?
3577A. 190.86.168.255
3578B. 190.86.255.255
3579C. 190.86.171.255
3580D. 190.86.169.255
3581IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
358297
3583Answer: C
3584NO.380 Which of the following security operations is used for determining the attack surface of an
3585organization?
3586A. Running a network scan to detect network services in the corporate DMZ
3587B. Training employees on the security policy regarding social engineering
3588C. Reviewing the need for a security clearance for each employee
3589D. Using configuration management to determine when and where to apply security patches
3590Answer: A
3591Explanation
3592For a network scan the goal is to document the exposed attack surface along with any easily detected
3593vulnerabilities.
3594References:
3595http://meisecurity.com/home/consulting/consulting-network-scanning/
3596NO.381 Which tier in the N-tier application architecture is responsible for moving and processing
3597data between the tiers?
3598A. Application Layer
3599B. Data tier
3600C. Presentation tier
3601D. Logic tier
3602Answer: D
3603NO.382 The security administrator of ABC needs to permit Internet traffic in the host 10.0.0.2 and
3604UDP traffic in the host 10.0.0.3. He also needs to permit all FTP traffic to the rest of the network and
3605deny all other traffic. After he applied his ACL configuration in the router, nobody can access to the
3606ftp, and the permitted hosts cannot access the Internet. According to the next configuration, what is
3607happening in the network?
3608A. The ACL 104 needs to be first because is UDP
3609B. The ACL 110 needs to be changed to port 80
3610C. The ACL for FTP must be before the ACL 110
3611D. The first ACL is denying all TCP traffic and the other ACLs are being ignored by the router
3612Answer: D
3613NO.383 How can a policy help improve an employee's security awareness?
3614A. By implementing written security procedures, enabling employee security training, and promoting
3615the benefits of security
3616B. By using informal networks of communication, establishing secret passing procedures, and
3617immediately terminating employees
3618C. By sharing security secrets with employees, enabling employees to share secrets, and establishing
3619IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
362098
3621a consultative help line
3622D. By decreasing an employee's vacation time, addressing ad-hoc employment clauses, and ensuring
3623that managers know employee strengths
3624Answer: A
3625NO.384 Company A and Company B have just merged and each has its own Public Key Infrastructure
3626(PKI). What must the Certificate Authorities (CAs) establish so that the private PKIs for Company A
3627and Company B trust one another and each private PKI can validate digital certificates from the other
3628company?
3629A. Poly key exchange
3630B. Cross certification
3631C. Poly key reference
3632D. Cross-site exchange
3633Answer: B
3634NO.385 Risks = Threats x Vulnerabilities is referred to as the:
3635A. Risk equation
3636B. Threat assessment
3637C. BIA equation
3638D. Disaster recovery formula
3639Answer: A
3640Explanation
3641The most effective way to define risk is with this simple equation:
3642Risk = Threat x Vulnerability x Cost
3643This equation is fundamental to all information security.
3644References:
3645http://www.icharter.org/articles/risk_equation.html
3646NO.386 In 2007, this wireless security algorithm was rendered useless by capturing packets and
3647discovering the passkey in a matter of seconds. This security flaw led to a network invasion of TJ
3648Maxx and data theft through a technique known as wardriving.
3649Which Algorithm is this referring to?
3650A. Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)
3651B. Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA)
3652C. Wi-Fi Protected Access 2 (WPA2)
3653D. Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP)
3654Answer: A
3655Explanation
3656WEP is the currently most used protocol for securing 802.11 networks, also called wireless lans or
3657wlans. In
36582007, a new attack on WEP, the PTW attack, was discovered, which allows an attacker to recover the
3659secret key in less than 60 seconds in some cases.
3660Note: Wardriving is the act of searching for Wi-Fi wireless networks by a person in a moving vehicle,
3661using a portable computer, smartphone or personal digital assistant (PDA).
3662IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
366399
3664References: https://events.ccc.de/camp/2007/Fahrplan/events/1943.en.html
3665NO.387 This kind of password cracking method uses word lists in combination with numbers and
3666special characters:
3667A. Hybrid
3668B. Linear
3669C. Symmetric
3670D. Brute Force
3671Answer: A
3672NO.388 Which of the following security policies defines the use of VPN for gaining access to an
3673internal corporate network?
3674A. Network security policy
3675B. Remote access policy
3676C. Information protection policy
3677D. Access control policy
3678Answer: B
3679NO.389 Which of the following ensures that updates to policies, procedures, and configurations are
3680made in a controlled and documented fashion?
3681A. Regulatory compliance
3682B. Peer review
3683C. Change management
3684D. Penetration testing
3685Answer: C
3686NO.390 Within the context of Computer Security, which of the following statements describes Social
3687Engineering best?
3688A. Social Engineering is the act of publicly disclosing information
3689B. Social Engineering is the means put in place by human resource to perform time accounting
3690C. Social Engineering is the act of getting needed information from a person rather than breaking into
3691a system
3692D. Social Engineering is a training program within sociology studies
3693Answer: C
3694NO.391 What is a successful method for protecting a router from potential smurf attacks?
3695A. Placing the router in broadcast mode
3696B. Enabling port forwarding on the router
3697C. Installing the router outside of the network's firewall
3698D. Disabling the router from accepting broadcast ping messages
3699Answer: D
3700NO.392 Attempting an injection attack on a web server based on responses to True/False questions
3701IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3702100
3703is called which of the following?
3704A. Blind SQLi
3705B. DMS-specific SQLi
3706C. Classic SQLi
3707D. Compound SQLi
3708Answer: A
3709NO.393 Your company performs penetration tests and security assessments for small and mediumsized
3710business in the local area. During a routine security assessment, you discover information that
3711suggests your client is involved with human trafficking.
3712What should you do?
3713A. Immediately stop work and contact the proper legal authorities.
3714B. Copy the data to removable media and keep it in case you need it.
3715C. Confront the client in a respectful manner and ask her about the data.
3716D. Ignore the data and continue the assessment until completed as agreed.
3717Answer: A
3718NO.394 Which of the following is a serious vulnerability in the popular OpenSSL cryptographic
3719software library? This weakness allows stealing the information protected, under normal conditions,
3720by the SSL/TLS encryption used to secure the Internet.
3721A. Heartbleed Bug
3722B. POODLE
3723C. SSL/TLS Renegotiation Vulnerability
3724D. Shellshock
3725Answer: A
3726NO.395 Which of the following is not a Bluetooth attack?
3727A. Bluedriving
3728B. Bluejacking
3729C. Bluesmacking
3730D. Bluesnarfing
3731Answer: A
3732NO.396 Bob learned that his username and password for a popular game has been compromised.
3733He contacts the company and resets all the information. The company suggests he use two-factor
3734authentication, which option below offers that?
3735A. A new username and password
3736B. A fingerprint scanner and his username and password.
3737C. Disable his username and use just a fingerprint scanner.
3738D. His username and a stronger password.
3739Answer: B
3740NO.397 Which of the following is considered an acceptable option when managing a risk?
3741IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3742101
3743A. Reject the risk.
3744B. Deny the risk.
3745C. Mitigate the risk.
3746D. Initiate the risk.
3747Answer: C
3748NO.398 Which of the following examples best represents a logical or technical control?
3749A. Security tokens
3750B. Heating and air conditioning
3751C. Smoke and fire alarms
3752D. Corporate security policy
3753Answer: A
3754NO.399 A developer for a company is tasked with creating a program that will allow customers to
3755update their billing and shipping information. The billing address field used is limited to 50
3756characters. What pseudo code would the developer use to avoid a buffer overflow attack on the
3757billing address field?
3758A. if (billingAddress = 50) {update field} else exit
3759B. if (billingAddress != 50) {update field} else exit
3760C. if (billingAddress >= 50) {update field} else exit
3761D. if (billingAddress <= 50) {update field} else exit
3762Answer: D
3763NO.400 A distributed port scan operates by:
3764A. Blocking access to the scanning clients by the targeted host
3765B. Using denial-of-service software against a range of TCP ports
3766C. Blocking access to the targeted host by each of the distributed scanning clients
3767D. Having multiple computers each scan a small number of ports, then correlating the results
3768Answer: D
3769NO.401 The network team has well-established procedures to follow for creating new rules on the
3770firewall. This includes having approval from a manager prior to implementing any new rules. While
3771reviewing the firewall configuration, you notice a recently implemented rule but cannot locate
3772manager approval for it. What would be a good step to have in the procedures for a situation like
3773this?
3774A. Have the network team document the reason why the rule was implemented without prior
3775manager approval.
3776B. Monitor all traffic using the firewall rule until a manager can approve it.
3777C. Do not roll back the firewall rule as the business may be relying upon it, but try to get manager
3778approval as soon as possible.
3779D. Immediately roll back the firewall rule until a manager can approve it
3780Answer: D
3781IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3782102
3783NO.402 Sam is working as s pen-tester in an organization in Houston. He performs penetration
3784testing on IDS in order to find the different ways an attacker uses to evade the IDS. Sam sends a large
3785amount of packets to the target IDS that generates alerts, which enable Sam to hide the real traffic.
3786What type of method is Sam using to evade IDS?
3787A. Denial-of-Service
3788B. False Positive Generation
3789C. Insertion Attack
3790D. Obfuscating
3791Answer: B
3792NO.403 What is the best defense against privilege escalation vulnerability?
3793A. Patch systems regularly and upgrade interactive login privileges at the system administrator level.
3794B. Run administrator and applications on least privileges and use a content registry for tracking.
3795C. Run services with least privileged accounts and implement multi-factor authentication and
3796authorization.
3797D. Review user roles and administrator privileges for maximum utilization of automation services.
3798Answer: C
3799NO.404 A botnet can be managed through which of the following?
3800A. IRC
3801B. E-Mail
3802C. Linkedin and Facebook
3803D. A vulnerable FTP server
3804Answer: A
3805NO.405 Under the "Post-attack Phase and Activities", it is the responsibility of the tester to restore
3806the systems to a pre-test state.
3807Which of the following activities should not be included in this phase? (see exhibit) Exhibit:
3808A. III
3809B. IV
3810C. III and IV
3811D. All should be included.
3812Answer: A
3813Explanation
3814The post-attack phase revolves around returning any modified system(s) to the pretest state.
3815IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3816103
3817Examples of such activities:
3818References: Computer and Information Security Handbook, John R. Vacca (2012), page 531
3819NO.406 The practical realities facing organizations today make risk response strategies essential.
3820Which of the following is NOT one of the five basic responses to risk?
3821A. Accept
3822B. Mitigate
3823C. Delegate
3824D. Avoid
3825Answer: C
3826NO.407 Internet Protocol Security IPSec is actually a suite of protocols. Each protocol within the
3827suite provides different functionality. Collective IPSec does everything except.
3828A. Protect the payload and the headers
3829B. Authenticate
3830C. Encrypt
3831D. Work at the Data Link Layer
3832Answer: D
3833NO.408 A penetration test was done at a company. After the test, a report was written and given to
3834the company's IT authorities. A section from the report is shown below:
3835According to the section from the report, which of the following choice is true?
3836A. MAC Spoof attacks cannot be performed.
3837B. Possibility of SQL Injection attack is eliminated.
3838C. A stateful firewall can be used between intranet (LAN) and DMZ.
3839D. There is access control policy between VLANs.
3840Answer: C
3841NO.409 You want to analyze packets on your wireless network. Which program would you use?
3842A. Wireshark with Airpcap
3843B. Airsnort with Airpcap
3844C. Wireshark with Winpcap
3845D. Ethereal with Winpcap
3846Answer: A
3847NO.410 Bluetooth uses which digital modulation technique to exchange information between paired
3848devices?
3849A. PSK (phase-shift keying)
3850B. FSK (frequency-shift keying)
3851C. ASK (amplitude-shift keying)
3852D. QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation)
3853Answer: A
3854Explanation
3855IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3856104
3857Phase shift keying is the form of Bluetooth modulation used to enable the higher data rates
3858achievable with Bluetooth 2 EDR (Enhanced Data Rate). Two forms of PSK are used: /4 DQPSK, and
38598DPSK.
3860References:
3861http://www.radio-electronics.com/info/wireless/bluetooth/radio-interface-modulation.php
3862NO.411 Which of these is capable of searching for and locating rogue access points?
3863A. HIDS
3864B. WISS
3865C. WIPS
3866D. NIDS
3867Answer: C
3868NO.412 Study the snort rule given below and interpret the rule. alert tcp any any --> 192.168.1.0/24
3869111 (content:"|00 01 86 a5|"; msG. "mountd access";)
3870A. An alert is generated when a TCP packet is generated from any IP on the 192.168.1.0 subnet and
3871destined to any IP on port 111
3872B. An alert is generated when any packet other than a TCP packet is seen on the network and
3873destined for the 192.168.1.0 subnet
3874C. An alert is generated when a TCP packet is originated from port 111 of any IP address to the
3875192.168.1.0 subnet
3876D. An alert is generated when a TCP packet originating from any IP address is seen on the network
3877and destined for any IP address on the 192.168.1.0 subnet on port 111
3878Answer: D
3879NO.413 Which type of antenna is used in wireless communication?
3880A. Omnidirectional
3881B. Parabolic
3882C. Uni-directional
3883D. Bi-directional
3884Answer: A
3885NO.414 You are the Network Admin, and you get a compliant that some of the websites are no
3886longer accessible. You try to ping the servers and find them to be reachable. Then you type the IP
3887address and then you try on the browser, and find it to be accessible. But they are not accessible
3888when you try using the URL.
3889What may be the problem?
3890A. Traffic is Blocked on UDP Port 53
3891B. Traffic is Blocked on UDP Port 80
3892C. Traffic is Blocked on UDP Port 54
3893D. Traffic is Blocked on UDP Port 80
3894Answer: A
3895NO.415 How is the public key distributed in an orderly, controlled fashion so that the users can be
3896IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3897105
3898sure of the sender's identity?
3899A. Hash value
3900B. Private key
3901C. Digital signature
3902D. Digital certificate
3903Answer: D
3904NO.416 What is the BEST alternative if you discover that a rootkit has been installed on one of your
3905computers?
3906A. Copy the system files from a known good system
3907B. Perform a trap and trace
3908C. Delete the files and try to determine the source
3909D. Reload from a previous backup
3910E. Reload from known good media
3911Answer: E
3912NO.417 Which of the following is optimized for confidential communications, such as bidirectional
3913voice and video?
3914A. RC4
3915B. RC5
3916C. MD4
3917D. MD5
3918Answer: A
3919NO.418 In the context of Windows Security, what is a 'null' user?
3920A. A user that has no skills
3921B. An account that has been suspended by the admin
3922C. A pseudo account that has no username and password
3923D. A pseudo account that was created for security administration purpose
3924Answer: C
3925NO.419 A hacker is attempting to see which IP addresses are currently active on a network. Which
3926NMAP switch would the hacker use?
3927A. -sO
3928B. -sP
3929C. -sS
3930D. -sU
3931Answer: B
3932NO.420 In Risk Management, how is the term "likelihood" related to the concept of "threat?"
3933A. Likelihood is the probability that a threat-source will exploit a vulnerability.
3934B. Likelihood is a possible threat-source that may exploit a vulnerability.
3935C. Likelihood is the likely source of a threat that could exploit a vulnerability.
3936IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3937106
3938D. Likelihood is the probability that a vulnerability is a threat-source.
3939Answer: A
3940Explanation
3941The ability to analyze the likelihood of threats within the organization is a critical step in building an
3942effective security program. The process of assessing threat probability should be well defined and
3943incorporated into a broader threat analysis process to be effective.
3944References:
3945http://www.mcafee.com/campaign/securitybattleground/resources/chapter5/whitepaper-onassessing-
3946threat-attac
3947NO.421 During a wireless penetration test, a tester detects an access point using WPA2 encryption.
3948Which of the following attacks should be used to obtain the key?
3949A. The tester must capture the WPA2 authentication handshake and then crack it.
3950B. The tester must use the tool inSSIDer to crack it using the ESSID of the network.
3951C. The tester cannot crack WPA2 because it is in full compliance with the IEEE 802.11i standard.
3952D. The tester must change the MAC address of the wireless network card and then use the AirTraf
3953tool to obtain the key.
3954Answer: A
3955NO.422 What is the main disadvantage of the scripting languages as opposed to compiled
3956programming languages?
3957A. Scripting languages are hard to learn.
3958B. Scripting languages are not object-oriented.
3959C. Scripting languages cannot be used to create graphical user interfaces.
3960D. Scripting languages are slower because they require an interpreter to run the code.
3961Answer: D
3962NO.423 A consultant is hired to do physical penetration testing at a large financial company. In the
3963first day of his assessment, the consultant goes to the company`s building dressed like an electrician
3964and waits in the lobby for an employee to pass through the main access gate, then the consultant
3965follows the employee behind to get into the restricted area. Which type of attack did the consultant
3966perform?
3967A. Man trap
3968B. Tailgating
3969C. Shoulder surfing
3970D. Social engineering
3971Answer: B
3972NO.424 You are about to be hired by a well-known Bank to perform penetration tests. Which of the
3973following documents describes the specifics of the testing, the associated violations, and essentially
3974protects both the bank's interest and your liabilities as a tester?
3975A. Service Level Agreement
3976B. Non-Disclosure Agreement
3977C. Terms of Engagement
3978IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3979107
3980D. Project Scope
3981Answer: C
3982NO.425 A person approaches a network administrator and wants advice on how to send encrypted
3983email from home.
3984The end user does not want to have to pay for any license fees or manage server services. Which of
3985the following is the most secure encryption protocol that the network administrator should
3986recommend?
3987A. IP Security (IPSEC)
3988B. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME)
3989C. Pretty Good Privacy (PGP)
3990D. Hyper Text Transfer Protocol with Secure Socket Layer (HTTPS)
3991Answer: C
3992NO.426 MX record priority increases as the number increases. (True/False.)
3993A. True
3994B. False
3995Answer: B
3996NO.427 Which of the following is a low-tech way of gaining unauthorized access to systems?
3997A. Social Engineering
3998B. Sniffing
3999C. Eavesdropping
4000D. Scanning
4001Answer: A
4002Explanation
4003Social engineering, in the context of information security, refers to psychological manipulation of
4004people into performing actions or divulging confidential information. A type of confidence trick for
4005the purpose of information gathering, fraud, or system access.
4006References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_engineering_(security)
4007NO.428 Bob is acknowledged as a hacker of repute and is popular among visitors of "underground"
4008sites.
4009Bob is willing to share his knowledge with those who are willing to learn, and many have expressed
4010their interest in learning from him. However, this knowledge has a risk associated with it, as it can be
4011used for malevolent attacks as well.
4012In this context, what would be the most effective method to bridge the knowledge gap between the
4013"black" hats or crackers and the "white" hats or computer security professionals? (Choose the test
4014answer.)
4015A. Educate everyone with books, articles and training on risk analysis, vulnerabilities and safeguards.
4016B. Hire more computer security monitoring personnel to monitor computer systems and networks.
4017C. Make obtaining either a computer security certification or accreditation easier to achieve so more
4018individuals feel that they are a part of something larger than life.
4019D. Train more National Guard and reservist in the art of computer security to help out in times of
4020IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4021108
4022emergency or crises.
4023Answer: A
4024NO.429 What statement is true regarding LM hashes?
4025A. LM hashes consist in 48 hexadecimal characters.
4026B. LM hashes are based on AES128 cryptographic standard.
4027C. Uppercase characters in the password are converted to lowercase.
4028D. LM hashes are not generated when the password length exceeds 15 characters.
4029Answer: D
4030NO.430 What information should an IT system analysis provide to the risk assessor?
4031A. Management buy-in
4032B. Threat statement
4033C. Security architecture
4034D. Impact analysis
4035Answer: C
4036NO.431 An attacker has captured a target file that is encrypted with public key cryptography. Which
4037of the attacks below is likely to be used to crack the target file?
4038A. Timing attack
4039B. Replay attack
4040C. Memory trade-off attack
4041D. Chosen plain-text attack
4042Answer: D
4043NO.432 International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard 27002 provides guidance for
4044compliance by outlining
4045A. guidelines and practices for security controls.
4046B. financial soundness and business viability metrics.
4047C. standard best practice for configuration management.
4048D. contract agreement writing standards.
4049Answer: A
4050NO.433 Which of the following is the primary objective of a rootkit?
4051A. It opens a port to provide an unauthorized service
4052B. It creates a buffer overflow
4053C. It replaces legitimate programs
4054D. It provides an undocumented opening in a program
4055Answer: C
4056NO.434 The "gray box testing" methodology enforces what kind of restriction?
4057A. The internal operation of a system is only partly accessible to the tester.
4058B. The internal operation of a system is completely known to the tester.
4059IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4060109
4061C. Only the external operation of a system is accessible to the tester.
4062D. Only the internal operation of a system is known to the tester.
4063Answer: A
4064Explanation
4065A black-box tester is unaware of the internal structure of the application to be tested, while a whitebox
4066tester has access to the internal structure of the application. A gray-box tester partially knows
4067the internal structure, which includes access to the documentation of internal data structures as well
4068as the algorithms used.
4069References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gray_box_testing
4070NO.435 An attacker changes the profile information of a particular user (victim) on the target
4071website. The attacker uses this string to update the victim's profile to a text file and then submit the
4072data to the attacker's database.
4073< iframe src="http://www.vulnweb.com/updateif.php" style="display:none"></iframe> What is this
4074type of attack (that can use either HTTP GET or HTTP POST) called?
4075A. Cross-Site Request Forgery
4076B. Cross-Site Scripting
4077C. SQL Injection
4078D. Browser Hacking
4079Answer: A
4080Explanation
4081Cross-site request forgery, also known as one-click attack or session riding and abbreviated as CSRF
4082(sometimes pronounced sea-surf) or XSRF, is a type of malicious exploit of a website where
4083unauthorized commands are transmitted from a user that the website trusts.
4084Different HTTP request methods, such as GET and POST, have different level of susceptibility to CSRF
4085attacks and require different levels of protection due to their different handling by web browsers.
4086References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_request_forgery
4087NO.436 Which of the following tools are used for enumeration? (Choose three.)
4088A. SolarWinds
4089B. USER2SID
4090C. Cheops
4091D. SID2USER
4092E. DumpSec
4093Answer: B D E
4094NO.437 A pentester is using Metasploit to exploit an FTP server and pivot to a LAN. How will the
4095pentester pivot using Metasploit?
4096A. Issue the pivot exploit and set the meterpreter.
4097B. Reconfigure the network settings in the meterpreter.
4098C. Set the payload to propagate through the meterpreter.
4099D. Create a route statement in the meterpreter.
4100Answer: D
4101IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4102110
4103NO.438 Which of the following describes the characteristics of a Boot Sector Virus?
4104A. Moves the MBR to another location on the RAM and copies itself to the original location of the
4105MBR
4106B. Moves the MBR to another location on the hard disk and copies itself to the original location of
4107the MBR
4108C. Modifies directory table entries so that directory entries point to the virus code instead of the
4109actual program
4110D. Overwrites the original MBR and only executes the new virus code
4111Answer: B
4112Explanation
4113A boot sector virus is a computer virus that infects a storage device's master boot record (MBR). The
4114virus moves the boot sector to another location on the hard drive.
4115References: https://www.techopedia.com/definition/26655/boot-sector-virus
4116NO.439 In order to have an anonymous Internet surf, which of the following is best choice?
4117A. Use SSL sites when entering personal information
4118B. Use Tor network with multi-node
4119C. Use shared WiFi
4120D. Use public VPN
4121Answer: B
4122NO.440 A security analyst in an insurance company is assigned to test a new web application that
4123will be used by clients to help them choose and apply for an insurance plan. The analyst discovers
4124that the application is developed in ASP scripting language and it uses MSSQL as a database backend.
4125The analyst locates the application's search form and introduces the following code in the search
4126input field:
4127When the analyst submits the form, the browser returns a pop-up window that says "Vulnerable".
4128Which web applications vulnerability did the analyst discover?
4129A. Cross-site request forgery
4130B. Command injection
4131C. Cross-site scripting
4132D. SQL injection
4133Answer: C
4134NO.441 You have several plain-text firewall logs that you must review to evaluate network traffic.
4135You know that in order to do fast, efficient searches of the logs you must use regular expressions.
4136Which command-line utility are you most likely to use?
4137A. Grep
4138B. Notepad
4139C. MS Excel
4140D. Relational Database
4141Answer: A
4142IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4143111
4144Explanation
4145grep is a command-line utility for searching plain-text data sets for lines matching a regular
4146expression.
4147References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grep
4148NO.442 A computer technician is using a new version of a word processing software package when
4149it is discovered that a special sequence of characters causes the entire computer to crash. The
4150technician researches the bug and discovers that no one else experienced the problem. What is the
4151appropriate next step?
4152A. Ignore the problem completely and let someone else deal with it.
4153B. Create a document that will crash the computer when opened and send it to friends.
4154C. Find an underground bulletin board and attempt to sell the bug to the highest bidder.
4155D. Notify the vendor of the bug and do not disclose it until the vendor gets a chance to issue a fix.
4156Answer: D
4157NO.443 Which of the following is an application that requires a host application for replication?
4158A. Micro
4159B. Worm
4160C. Trojan
4161D. Virus
4162Answer: D
4163Explanation
4164Computer viruses infect a variety of different subsystems on their hosts. A computer virus is a
4165malware that, when executed, replicates by reproducing itself or infecting other programs by
4166modifying them. Infecting computer programs can include as well, data files, or the boot sector of the
4167hard drive. When this replication succeeds, the affected areas are then said to be "infected".
4168References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_virus
4169NO.444 An organization hires a tester to do a wireless penetration test. Previous reports indicate
4170that the last test did not contain management or control packets in the submitted traces. Which of
4171the following is the most likely reason for lack of management or control packets?
4172A. The wireless card was not turned on.
4173B. The wrong network card drivers were in use by Wireshark.
4174C. On Linux and Mac OS X, only 802.11 headers are received in promiscuous mode.
4175D. Certain operating systems and adapters do not collect the management or control packets.
4176Answer: D
4177NO.445 An attacker scans a host with the below command. Which three flags are set? (Choose
4178three.)
4179#nmap -sX host.domain.com
4180A. This is ACK scan. ACK flag is set
4181B. This is Xmas scan. SYN and ACK flags are set
4182C. This is Xmas scan. URG, PUSH and FIN are set
4183D. This is SYN scan. SYN flag is set
4184IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4185112
4186Answer: C
4187NO.446 You work for Acme Corporation as Sales Manager. The company has tight network security
4188restrictions. You are trying to steal data from the company's Sales database (Sales.xls) and transfer
4189them to your home computer. Your company filters and monitors traffic that leaves from the internal
4190network to the Internet. How will you achieve this without raising suspicion?
4191A. Encrypt the Sales.xls using PGP and e-mail it to your personal gmail account
4192B. Package the Sales.xls using Trojan wrappers and telnet them back your home computer
4193C. You can conceal the Sales.xls database in another file like photo.jpg or other files and send it out in
4194an innocent looking email or file transfer using Steganography techniques
4195D. Change the extension of Sales.xls to sales.txt and upload them as attachment to your hotmail
4196account
4197Answer: C
4198NO.447 A penetration tester is attempting to scan an internal corporate network from the internet
4199without alerting the border sensor. Which is the most efficient technique should the tester consider
4200using?
4201A. Spoofing an IP address
4202B. Tunneling scan over SSH
4203C. Tunneling over high port numbers
4204D. Scanning using fragmented IP packets
4205Answer: B
4206NO.448 A hacker searches in Google for filetype:pcf to find Cisco VPN config files. Those files may
4207contain connectivity passwords that can be decoded with which of the following?
4208A. Cupp
4209B. Nessus
4210C. Cain and Abel
4211D. John The Ripper Pro
4212Answer: C
4213NO.449 Which of the following is an example of IP spoofing?
4214A. SQL injections
4215B. Man-in-the-middle
4216C. Cross-site scripting
4217D. ARP poisoning
4218Answer: B
4219NO.450 A technician is resolving an issue where a computer is unable to connect to the Internet
4220using a wireless access point. The computer is able to transfer files locally to other machines, but
4221cannot successfully reach the Internet. When the technician examines the IP address and default
4222gateway they are both on the
4223192.168.1.0/24. Which of the following has occurred?
4224A. The gateway is not routing to a public IP address.
4225IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4226113
4227B. The computer is using an invalid IP address.
4228C. The gateway and the computer are not on the same network.
4229D. The computer is not using a private IP address.
4230Answer: A
4231NO.451 A certified ethical hacker (CEH) is approached by a friend who believes her husband is
4232cheating. She offers to pay to break into her husband's email account in order to find proof so she
4233can take him to court. What is the ethical response?
4234A. Say no; the friend is not the owner of the account.
4235B. Say yes; the friend needs help to gather evidence.
4236C. Say yes; do the job for free.
4237D. Say no; make sure that the friend knows the risk she's asking the CEH to take.
4238Answer: A
4239NO.452 env x=`(){ :;};echo exploit` bash -c 'cat /etc/passwd'
4240What is the Shellshock bash vulnerability attempting to do on a vulnerable Linux host?
4241A. Display passwd content to prompt
4242B. Removes the passwd file
4243C. Changes all passwords in passwd
4244D. Add new user to the passwd file
4245Answer: A
4246Explanation
4247To extract private information, attackers are using a couple of techniques. The simplest extraction
4248attacks are in the form:
4249() {:;}; /bin/cat /etc/passwd
4250That reads the password file /etc/passwd, and adds it to the response from the web server. So an
4251attacker injecting this code through the Shellshock vulnerability would see the password file dumped
4252out onto their screen as part of the web page returned.
4253References: https://blog.cloudflare.com/inside-shellshock/
4254NO.453 As a securing consultant, what are some of the things you would recommend to a company
4255to ensure DNS security?
4256A. Use the same machines for DNS and other applications
4257B. Harden DNS servers
4258C. Use split-horizon operation for DNS servers
4259D. Restrict Zone transfers
4260E. Have subnet diversity between DNS servers
4261Answer: B C D E
4262NO.454 Some passwords are stored using specialized encryption algorithms known as hashes. Why
4263is this an appropriate method?
4264A. It is impossible to crack hashed user passwords unless the key used to encrypt them is obtained.
4265B. If a user forgets the password, it can be easily retrieved using the hash key stored by
4266administrators.
4267IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4268114
4269C. Hashing is faster compared to more traditional encryption algorithms.
4270D. Passwords stored using hashes are non-reversible, making finding the password much more
4271difficult.
4272Answer: D
4273NO.455 A company has publicly hosted web applications and an internal Intranet protected by a
4274firewall. Which technique will help protect against enumeration?
4275A. Reject all invalid email received via SMTP.
4276B. Allow full DNS zone transfers.
4277C. Remove A records for internal hosts.
4278D. Enable null session pipes.
4279Answer: C
4280NO.456 Which of the following incident handling process phases is responsible for defining rules,
4281collaborating human workforce, creating a back-up plan, and testing the plans for an organization?
4282A. Preparation phase
4283B. Containment phase
4284C. Identification phase
4285D. Recovery phase
4286Answer: A
4287Explanation
4288There are several key elements to have implemented in preparation phase in order to help mitigate
4289any potential problems that may hinder one's ability to handle an incident. For the sake of brevity,
4290the following should be performed:
4291References: https://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/incident/incident-handlers-handbook-
429233901
4293NO.457 In both pharming and phishing attacks an attacker can create websites that look similar to
4294legitimate sites with the intent of collecting personal identifiable information from its victims. What is
4295the difference between pharming and phishing attacks?
4296A. In a pharming attack a victim is redirected to a fake website by modifying their host configuration
4297file or by exploiting vulnerabilities in DNS. In a phishing attack an attacker provides the victim with a
4298URL that is either misspelled or looks similar to the actual websites domain name.
4299B. Both pharming and phishing attacks are purely technical and are not considered forms of social
4300engineering.
4301C. Both pharming and phishing attacks are identical.
4302D. In a phishing attack a victim is redirected to a fake website by modifying their host configuration
4303file or by exploiting vulnerabilities in DNS. In a pharming attack an attacker provides the victim with a
4304URL that is either misspelled or looks very similar to the actual websites domain name.
4305Answer: A
4306NO.458 While you were gathering information as part of security assessments for one of your
4307clients, you were able to gather data that show your client is involved with fraudulent activities. What
4308should you do?
4309IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4310115
4311A. Immediately stop work and contact the proper legal authorities
4312B. Ignore the data and continue the assessment until completed as agreed
4313C. Confront the client in a respectful manner and ask her about the data
4314D. Copy the data to removable media and keep it in case you need it
4315Answer: A
4316NO.459 A tester has been hired to do a web application security test. The tester notices that the site
4317is dynamic and must make use of a back end database.
4318In order for the tester to see if SQL injection is possible, what is the first character that the tester
4319should use to attempt breaking a valid SQL request?
4320A. Semicolon
4321B. Single quote
4322C. Exclamation mark
4323D. Double quote
4324Answer: B
4325NO.460 While
4326using your bank's online servicing you notice the following string in the URL bar:
4327"http://www.MyPersonalBank.com/account?id=368940911028389
4328& Damount=10980&Camount=21"
4329You observe that if you modify the Damount & Camount values and submit the request, that data on
4330the web page reflect the changes.
4331Which type of vulnerability is present on this site?
4332A. Web Parameter Tampering
4333B. Cookie Tampering
4334C. XSS Reflection
4335D. SQL injection
4336Answer: A
4337Explanation
4338The Web Parameter Tampering attack is based on the manipulation of parameters exchanged
4339between client and server in order to modify application data, such as user credentials and
4340permissions, price and quantity of products, etc. Usually, this information is stored in cookies, hidden
4341form fields, or URL Query Strings, and is used to increase application functionality and control.
4342References: https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Web_Parameter_Tampering
4343NO.461 When does the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI-DSS) require
4344organizations to perform external and internal penetration testing?
4345A. At least once a year and after any significant upgrade or modification
4346B. At least once every three years or after any significant upgrade or modification
4347C. At least twice a year or after any significant upgrade or modification
4348D. At least once every two years and after any significant upgrade or modification
4349Answer: A
4350NO.462 A covert channel is a channel that
4351IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4352116
4353A. transfers information over, within a computer system, or network that is outside of the security
4354policy.
4355B. transfers information over, within a computer system, or network that is within the security policy
4356.
4357C. transfers information via a communication path within a computer system, or network for transfer
4358of data.
4359D. transfers information over, within a computer system, or network that is encrypted.
4360Answer: A
4361NO.463 Which of the following scanning method splits the TCP header into several packets and
4362makes it difficult for packet filters to detect the purpose of the packet?
4363A. ICMP Echo scanning
4364B. SYN/FIN scanning using IP fragments
4365C. ACK flag probe scanning
4366D. IPID scanning
4367Answer: B
4368NO.464 Which of the following parameters describe LM Hash (see exhibit):
4369Exhibit:
4370A. I, II, and III
4371B. I
4372C. II
4373D. I and II
4374Answer: A
4375Explanation
4376The LM hash is computed as follows:
43771. The user's password is restricted to a maximum of fourteen characters.
43782. The user's password is converted to uppercase.
4379Etc.
438014 character Windows passwords, which are stored with LM Hash, can be cracked in five seconds.
4381References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LM_hash
4382NO.465 A hacker was able to sniff packets on a company's wireless network. The following
4383information was discovered:
4384Using the Exlcusive OR, what was the original message?
4385A. 00101000 11101110
4386IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4387117
4388B. 11010111 00010001
4389C. 00001101 10100100
4390D. 11110010 01011011
4391Answer: B
4392NO.466 Which of the following is a form of penetration testing that relies heavily on human
4393interaction and often involves tricking people into breaking normal security procedures?
4394A. Social Engineering
4395B. Piggybacking
4396C. Tailgating
4397D. Eavesdropping
4398Answer: A
4399NO.467 This asymmetry cipher is based on factoring the product of two large prime numbers.
4400What cipher is described above?
4401A. RSA
4402B. SHA
4403C. RC5
4404D. MD5
4405Answer: A
4406Explanation
4407RSA is based on the practical difficulty of factoring the product of two large prime numbers, the
4408factoring problem.
4409Note: A user of RSA creates and then publishes a public key based on two large prime numbers, along
4410with an auxiliary value. The prime numbers must be kept secret. Anyone can use the public key to
4411encrypt a message, but with currently published methods, if the public key is large enough, only
4412someone with knowledge of the prime numbers can feasibly decode the message.
4413References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSA_(cryptosystem)
4414NO.468 Which property ensures that a hash function will not produce the same hashed value for
4415two different messages?
4416A. Collision resistance
4417B. Bit length
4418C. Key strength
4419D. Entropy
4420Answer: A
4421NO.469 Assume a business-crucial web-site of some company that is used to sell handsets to the
4422customers worldwide.
4423All the developed components are reviewed by the security team on a monthly basis. In order to
4424drive business further, the web-site developers decided to add some 3rd party marketing tools on it.
4425The tools are written in JavaScript and can track the customer's activity on the site. These tools are
4426located on the servers of the marketing company.
4427What is the main security risk associated with this scenario?
4428IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4429118
4430A. External script contents could be maliciously modified without the security team knowledge
4431B. External scripts have direct access to the company servers and can steal the data from there
4432C. There is no risk at all as the marketing services are trustworthy
4433D. External scripts increase the outbound company data traffic which leads greater financial losses
4434Answer: A
4435NO.470 What attack is used to crack passwords by using a precomputed table of hashed passwords?
4436A. Brute Force Attack
4437B. Hybrid Attack
4438C. Rainbow Table Attack
4439D. Dictionary Attack
4440Answer: C
4441NO.471 A Security Engineer at a medium-sized accounting firm has been tasked with discovering
4442how much information can be obtained from the firm's public facing web servers. The engineer
4443decides to start by using netcat to port 80.
4444The engineer receives this output:
4445Which of the following is an example of what the engineer performed?
4446A. Cross-site scripting
4447B. Banner grabbing
4448C. SQL injection
4449D. Whois database query
4450Answer: B
4451NO.472 Which of the following is an adaptive SQL Injection testing technique used to discover
4452coding errors by inputting massive amounts of random data and observing the changes in the
4453output?
4454A. Function Testing
4455B. Dynamic Testing
4456C. Static Testing
4457D. Fuzzing Testing
4458Answer: D
4459NO.473 What two conditions must a digital signature meet?
4460A. Has to be unforgeable, and has to be authentic.
4461B. Has to be legible and neat.
4462IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4463119
4464C. Must be unique and have special characters.
4465D. Has to be the same number of characters as a physical signature and must be unique.
4466Answer: A
4467NO.474 Jimmy is standing outside a secure entrance to a facility. He is pretending to have a tense
4468conversation on his cell phone as an authorized employee badges in. Jimmy, while still on the phone,
4469grabs the door as it begins to close.
4470What just happened?
4471A. Piggybacking
4472B. Masqurading
4473C. Phishing
4474D. Whaling
4475Answer: A
4476Explanation
4477In security, piggybacking refers to when a person tags along with another person who is authorized to
4478gain entry into a restricted area, or pass a certain checkpoint.
4479References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piggybacking_(security)
4480NO.475 You have the SOA presented below in your Zone.
4481Your secondary servers have not been able to contact your primary server to synchronize
4482information. How long will the secondary servers attempt to contact the primary server before it
4483considers that zone is dead and stops responding to queries?
4484collegae.edu.SOA, cikkye.edu ipad.college.edu. (200302028 3600 3600 604800 3600)
4485A. One day
4486B. One hour
4487C. One week
4488D. One month
4489Answer: C
4490NO.476 Study the log below and identify the scan type.
4491A. nmap -sR 192.168.1.10
4492B. nmap -sS 192.168.1.10
4493C. nmap -sV 192.168.1.10
4494IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4495120
4496D. nmap -sO -T 192.168.1.10
4497Answer: D
4498NO.477 Which technical characteristic do Ethereal/Wireshark, TCPDump, and Snort have in
4499common?
4500A. They are written in Java.
4501B. They send alerts to security monitors.
4502C. They use the same packet analysis engine.
4503D. They use the same packet capture utility.
4504Answer: D
4505NO.478 Which of the following is a component of a risk assessment?
4506A. Administrative safeguards
4507B. Physical security
4508C. DMZ
4509D. Logical interface
4510Answer: A
4511Explanation
4512Risk assessment include:
4513References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IT_risk_management#Risk_assessment
4514NO.479 What is the outcome of the comm"nc -l -p 2222 | nc 10.1.0.43 1234"?
4515A. Netcat will listen on the 10.1.0.43 interface for 1234 seconds on port 2222.
4516B. Netcat will listen on port 2222 and output anything received to a remote connection on 10.1.0.43
4517port
45181234.
4519C. Netcat will listen for a connection from 10.1.0.43 on port 1234 and output anything received to
4520port
45212222.
4522D. Netcat will listen on port 2222 and then output anything received to local interface 10.1.0.43.
4523Answer: B
4524NO.480 Which type of cryptography does SSL, IKE and PGP belongs to?
4525A. Secret Key
4526B. Hash Algorithm
4527C. Digest
4528D. Public Key
4529Answer: D
4530NO.481 A regional bank hires your company to perform a security assessment on their network after
4531a recent data breach. The attacker was able to steal financial data from the bank by compromising
4532only a single server.
4533Based on this information, what should be one of your key recommendations to the bank?
4534A. Place a front-end web server in a demilitarized zone that only handles external web traffic
4535IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4536121
4537B. Require all employees to change their passwords immediately
4538C. Move the financial data to another server on the same IP subnet
4539D. Issue new certificates to the web servers from the root certificate authority
4540Answer: A
4541Explanation
4542A DMZ or demilitarized zone (sometimes referred to as a perimeter network) is a physical or logical
4543subnetwork that contains and exposes an organization's external-facing services to a larger and
4544untrusted network, usually the Internet. The purpose of a DMZ is to add an additional layer of
4545security to an organization's local area network (LAN); an external network node only has direct
4546access to equipment in the DMZ, rather than any other part of the network.
4547References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMZ_(computing)
4548NO.482 What ports should be blocked on the firewall to prevent NetBIOS traffic from not coming
4549through the firewall if your network is comprised of Windows NT, 2000, and XP?
4550A. 110
4551B. 135
4552C. 139
4553D. 161
4554E. 445
4555F. 1024
4556Answer: B C E
4557NO.483 In Trojan terminology, what is a covert channel?
4558A. A channel that transfers information within a computer system or network in a way that violates
4559the security policy
4560B. A legitimate communication path within a computer system or network for transfer of data
4561C. It is a kernel operation that hides boot processes and services to mask detection
4562D. It is Reverse tunneling technique that uses HTTPS protocol instead of HTTP protocol to establish
4563connections
4564Answer: A
4565NO.484 To reduce the attack surface of a system, administrators should perform which of the
4566following processes to remove unnecessary software, services, and insecure configuration settings?
4567A. Harvesting
4568B. Windowing
4569C. Hardening
4570D. Stealthing
4571IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4572122
4573Answer: C
4574NO.485 What tool should you use when you need to analyze extracted metadata from files you
4575collected when you were in the initial stage of penetration test (information gathering)?
4576A. Armitage
4577B. Dimitry
4578C. Metagoofil
4579D. cdpsnarf
4580Answer: C
4581NO.486 While checking the settings on the internet browser, a technician finds that the proxy server
4582settings have been checked and a computer is trying to use itself as a proxy server. What specific
4583octet within the subnet does the technician see?
4584A. 10.10.10.10
4585B. 127.0.0.1
4586C. 192.168.1.1
4587D. 192.168.168.168
4588Answer: B
4589NO.487 Which of the following is NOT an ideal choice for biometric controls?
4590A. Iris patterns
4591B. Fingerprints
4592C. Height and weight
4593D. Voice
4594Answer: C
4595NO.488 In an internal security audit, the white hat hacker gains control over a user account and
4596attempts to acquire access to another account's confidential files and information. How can he
4597achieve this?
4598A. Port Scanning
4599B. Hacking Active Directory
4600C. Privilege Escalation
4601D. Shoulder-Surfing
4602Answer: C
4603NO.489 Which of the following is designed to verify and authenticate individuals taking part in a
4604data exchange within an enterprise?
4605A. SOA
4606B. Single-Sign On
4607C. PKI
4608D. Biometrics
4609Answer: C
4610IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4611123
4612NO.490 One of your team members has asked you to analyze the following SOA record.
4613What is the TTL? Rutgers.edu.SOA NS1.Rutgers.edu ipad.college.edu (200302028 3600 3600 604800
46142400.)
4615A. 200303028
4616B. 3600
4617C. 604800
4618D. 2400
4619E. 60
4620F. 4800
4621Answer: D
4622NO.491 Which one of the following Google advanced search operators allows an attacker to restrict
4623the results to those websites in the given domain?
4624A. [cache:]
4625B. [site:]
4626C. [inurl:]
4627D. [link:]
4628Answer: B
4629NO.492 Which of the following is a primary service of the U.S. Computer Security Incident Response
4630Team (CSIRT)?
4631A. CSIRT provides an incident response service to enable a reliable and trusted single point of contact
4632for reporting computer security incidents worldwide.
4633B. CSIRT provides a computer security surveillance service to supply a government with important
4634intelligence information on individuals travelling abroad.
4635C. CSIRT provides a penetration testing service to support exception reporting on incidents
4636worldwide by individuals and multi-national corporations.
4637D. CSIRT provides a vulnerability assessment service to assist law enforcement agencies with profiling
4638an individual's property or company's asset.
4639Answer: A
4640NO.493 Which specific element of security testing is being assured by using hash?
4641A. Authentication
4642B. Integrity
4643C. Confidentiality
4644D. Availability
4645Answer: B
4646NO.494 Which of the following Bluetooth hacking techniques does an attacker use to send messages
4647to users without the recipient's consent, similar to email spamming?
4648A. Bluesmacking
4649B. Bluesniffing
4650C. Bluesnarfing
4651IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4652124
4653D. Bluejacking
4654Answer: D
4655NO.495 While performing online banking using a Web browser, Kyle receives an email that contains
4656an image of a well-crafted art. Upon clicking the image, a new tab on the web browser opens and
4657shows an animated GIF of bills and coins being swallowed by a crocodile. After several days, Kyle
4658noticed that all his funds on the bank was gone. What Web browser-based security vulnerability got
4659exploited by the hacker?
4660A. Clickjacking
4661B. Web Form Input Validation
4662C. Cross-Site Request Forgery
4663D. Cross-Site Scripting
4664Answer: C
4665NO.496 Which of the following is the most important phase of ethical hacking wherein you need to
4666spend considerable amount of time?
4667A. Gaining access
4668B. Escalating privileges
4669C. Network mapping
4670D. Footprinting
4671Answer: D
4672NO.497 Vlady works in a fishing company where the majority of the employees have very little
4673understanding of IT let alone IT Security. Several information security issues that Vlady often found
4674includes, employees sharing password, writing his/her password on a post it note and stick it to
4675his/her desk, leaving the computer unlocked, didn't log out from emails or other social media
4676accounts, and etc.
4677After discussing with his boss, Vlady decided to make some changes to improve the security
4678environment in his company. The first thing that Vlady wanted to do is to make the employees
4679understand the importance of keeping confidential information, such as password, a secret and they
4680should not share it with other persons.
4681Which of the following steps should be the first thing that Vlady should do to make the employees in
4682his company understand to importance of keeping confidential information a secret?
4683A. Warning to those who write password on a post it note and put it on his/her desk
4684B. Developing a strict information security policy
4685C. Information security awareness training
4686D. Conducting a one to one discussion with the other employees about the importance of
4687information security
4688Answer: A
4689NO.498 A specific site received 91 ICMP_ECHO packets within 90 minutes from 47 different sites.
469077 of the ICMP_ECHO packets had an ICMP ID:39612 and Seq:57072. 13 of the ICMP_ECHO packets
4691had an ICMP ID:0 and Seq:0. What can you infer from this information?
4692A. The packets were sent by a worm spoofing the IP addresses of 47 infected sites
4693IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4694125
4695B. ICMP ID and Seq numbers were most likely set by a tool and not by the operating system
4696C. All 77 packets came from the same LAN segment and hence had the same ICMP ID and Seq
4697number
4698D. 13 packets were from an external network and probably behind a NAT, as they had an ICMP ID 0
4699and Seq 0
4700Answer: B
4701NO.499 XOR is a common cryptographic tool. 10110001 XOR 00111010 is?
4702A. 10111100
4703B. 11011000
4704C. 10011101
4705D. 10001011
4706Answer: D
4707NO.500 During a penetration test, a tester finds that the web application being analyzed is
4708vulnerable to Cross Site Scripting (XSS). Which of the following conditions must be met to exploit this
4709vulnerability?
4710A. The web application does not have the secure flag set.
4711B. The session cookies do not have the HttpOnly flag set.
4712C. The victim user should not have an endpoint security solution.
4713D. The victim's browser must have ActiveX technology enabled.
4714Answer: B
4715NO.501 Cryptography is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the
4716presence of third parties (called adversaries.) More generally, it is about constructing and analyzing
4717protocols that overcome the influence of adversaries and that are related to various aspects in
4718information security such as data confidentiality, data integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation.
4719Modern cryptography intersects the disciplines of mathematics, computer science, and electrical
4720engineering. Applications of cryptography include ATM cards, computer passwords, and electronic
4721commerce.
4722Basic example to understand how cryptography works is given below:
4723Which of the following choices is true about cryptography?
4724A. Algorithm is not the secret, key is the secret.
4725B. Symmetric-key algorithms are a class of algorithms for cryptography that use the different
4726cryptographic keys for both encryption of plaintext and decryption of ciphertext.
4727C. Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) use the asymmetric encryption both (public/private key pair) to deliver
4728the shared session key and to achieve a communication way.
4729D. Public-key cryptography, also known as asymmetric cryptography, public key is for decrypt, private
4730key is for encrypt.
4731IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4732126
4733Answer: C
4734NO.502 Which of the following cryptography attack is an understatement for the extraction of
4735cryptographic secrets (e.g. the password to an encrypted file) from a person by a coercion or torture?
4736A. Chosen-Cipher text Attack
4737B. Ciphertext-only Attack
4738C. Timing Attack
4739D. Rubber Hose Attack
4740Answer: D
4741NO.503 Which of the following is a detective control?
4742A. Smart card authentication
4743B. Security policy
4744C. Audit trail
4745D. Continuity of operations plan
4746Answer: C
4747NO.504 Which of the following is a common Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) vulnerability?
4748A. Cross-site scripting
4749B. SQL injection
4750C. VPath injection
4751D. XML denial of service issues
4752Answer: D
4753NO.505 Which of the following is considered as one of the most reliable forms of TCP scanning?
4754A. TCP Connect/Full Open Scan
4755B. Half-open Scan
4756C. NULL Scan
4757D. Xmas Scan
4758Answer: A
4759NO.506 Why would you consider sending an email to an address that you know does not exist
4760within the company you are performing a Penetration Test for?
4761A. To determine who is the holder of the root account
4762B. To perform a DoS
4763C. To create needless SPAM
4764D. To illicit a response back that will reveal information about email servers and how they treat
4765undeliverable mail
4766E. To test for virus protection
4767Answer: D
4768NO.507 ........is an attack type for a rogue Wi-Fi access point that appears to be a legitimate one
4769offered on the premises, but actually has been set up to eavesdrop on wireless communications. It is
4770IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4771127
4772the wireless version of the phishing scam. An attacker fools wireless users into connecting a laptop or
4773mobile phone to a tainted hotspot by posing as a legitimate provider. This type of attack may be used
4774to steal the passwords of unsuspecting users by either snooping the communication link or by
4775phishing, which involves setting up a fraudulent web site and luring people there.
4776Fill in the blank with appropriate choice.
4777A. Collision Attack
4778B. Evil Twin Attack
4779C. Sinkhole Attack
4780D. Signal Jamming Attack
4781Answer: B
4782NO.508 Which NMAP feature can a tester implement or adjust while scanning for open ports to
4783avoid detection by the network's IDS?
4784A. Timing options to slow the speed that the port scan is conducted
4785B. Fingerprinting to identify which operating systems are running on the network
4786C. ICMP ping sweep to determine which hosts on the network are not available
4787D. Traceroute to control the path of the packets sent during the scan
4788Answer: A
4789NO.509 Susan has attached to her company's network. She has managed to synchronize her boss's
4790sessions with that of the file server. She then intercepted his traffic destined for the server, changed
4791it the way she wanted to and then placed it on the server in his home directory.
4792What kind of attack is Susan carrying on?
4793A. A sniffing attack
4794B. A spoofing attack
4795C. A man in the middle attack
4796D. A denial of service attack
4797Answer: C
4798NO.510 Matthew received an email with an attachment named "YouWon$10Grand.zip." The zip file
4799contains a file named "HowToClaimYourPrize.docx.exe." Out of excitement and curiosity, Matthew
4800opened the said file.
4801Without his knowledge, the file copies itself to Matthew's APPDATA\IocaI directory and begins to
4802beacon to a Command-and-control server to download additional malicious binaries. What type of
4803malware has Matthew encountered?
4804A. Key-logger
4805B. Trojan
4806C. Worm
4807D. Macro Virus
4808Answer: B
4809NO.511 Nation-state threat actors often discover vulnerabilities and hold on to them until they want
4810to launch a sophisticated attack. The Stuxnet attack was an unprecedented style of attack because it
4811used four types of vulnerability.
4812IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4813128
4814What is this style of attack called?
4815A. zero-day
4816B. zero-hour
4817C. zero-sum
4818D. no-day
4819Answer: A
4820Explanation
4821Stuxnet is a malicious computer worm believed to be a jointly built American-Israeli cyber weapon.
4822Exploiting four zero-day flaws, Stuxnet functions by targeting machines using the Microsoft Windows
4823operating system and networks, then seeking out Siemens Step7 software.
4824References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuxnet
4825NO.512 A network security administrator is worried about potential man-in-the-middle attacks
4826when users access a corporate web site from their workstations. Which of the following is the best
4827remediation against this type of attack?
4828A. Implementing server-side PKI certificates for all connections
4829B. Mandating only client-side PKI certificates for all connections
4830C. Requiring client and server PKI certificates for all connections
4831D. Requiring strong authentication for all DNS queries
4832Answer: C
4833NO.513 What is not a PCI compliance recommendation?
4834A. Limit access to card holder data to as few individuals as possible.
4835B. Use encryption to protect all transmission of card holder data over any public network.
4836C. Rotate employees handling credit card transactions on a yearly basis to different departments.
4837D. Use a firewall between the public network and the payment card data.
4838Answer: C
4839NO.514 When you are testing a web application, it is very useful to employ a proxy tool to save
4840every request and response. You can manually test every request and analyze the response to find
4841vulnerabilities. You can test parameter and headers manually to get more precise results than if using
4842web vulnerability scanners.
4843What proxy tool will help you find web vulnerabilities?
4844A. Burpsuite
4845B. Maskgen
4846C. Dimitry
4847D. Proxychains
4848Answer: A
4849Explanation
4850Burp Suite is an integrated platform for performing security testing of web applications. Its various
4851tools work seamlessly together to support the entire testing process, from initial mapping and
4852analysis of an application's attack surface, through to finding and exploiting security vulnerabilities.
4853References: https://portswigger.net/burp/
4854IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4855129
4856NO.515 Which of the following algorithms provides better protection against brute force attacks by
4857using a 160-bit message digest?
4858A. MD5
4859B. SHA-1
4860C. RC4
4861D. MD4
4862Answer: B
4863NO.516 During a penetration test, the tester conducts an ACK scan using NMAP against the external
4864interface of the DMZ firewall. NMAP reports that port 80 is unfiltered. Based on this response, which
4865type of packet inspection is the firewall conducting?
4866A. Host
4867B. Stateful
4868C. Stateless
4869D. Application
4870Answer: C
4871NO.517 Which tool allows analysts and pen testers to examine links between data using graphs and
4872link analysis?
4873A. Maltego
4874B. Cain & Abel
4875C. Metasploit
4876D. Wireshark
4877Answer: A
4878Explanation
4879Maltego is proprietary software used for open-source intelligence and forensics, developed by
4880Paterva.
4881Maltego focuses on providing a library of transforms for discovery of data from open sources, and
4882visualizing that information in a graph format, suitable for link analysis and data mining.
4883References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maltego
4884NO.518 This configuration allows NIC to pass all traffic it receives to the Central Processing Unit
4885(CPU), instead of passing only the frames that the controller is intended to receive. Select the option
4886that BEST describes the above statement.
4887A. Multi-cast mode
4888B. WEM
4889C. Promiscuous mode
4890D. Port forwarding
4891Answer: C
4892NO.519 Yancey is a network security administrator for a large electric company. This company
4893provides power for over 100, 000 people in Las Vegas. Yancey has worked for his company for over
489415 years and has become very successful. One day, Yancey comes in to work and finds out that the
4895company will be downsizing and he will be out of a job in two weeks. Yancey is very angry and
4896IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4897130
4898decides to place logic bombs, viruses, Trojans, and backdoors all over the network to take down the
4899company once he has left. Yancey does not care if his actions land him in jail for 30 or more years, he
4900just wants the company to pay for what they are doing to him.
4901What would Yancey be considered?
4902A. Yancey would be considered a Suicide Hacker
4903B. Since he does not care about going to jail, he would be considered a Black Hat
4904C. Because Yancey works for the company currently; he would be a White Hat
4905D. Yancey is a Hacktivist Hacker since he is standing up to a company that is downsizing
4906Answer: A
4907NO.520 An enterprise recently moved to a new office and the new neighborhood is a little risky. The
4908CEO wants to monitor the physical perimeter and the entrance doors 24 hours. What is the best
4909option to do this job?
4910A. Use fences in the entrance doors.
4911B. Install a CCTV with cameras pointing to the entrance doors and the street.
4912C. Use an IDS in the entrance doors and install some of them near the corners.
4913D. Use lights in all the entrance doors and along the company's perimeter.
4914Answer: B
4915NO.521 What technique is used to perform a Connection Stream Parameter Pollution (CSPP) attack?
4916A. Injecting parameters into a connection string using semicolons as a separator
4917B. Inserting malicious Javascript code into input parameters
4918C. Setting a user's session identifier (SID) to an explicit known value
4919D. Adding multiple parameters with the same name in HTTP requests
4920Answer: A
4921NO.522 You have successfully comprised a server having an IP address of 10.10.0.5. You would like
4922to enumerate all machines in the same network quickly.
4923What is the best nmap command you will use?
4924A. nmap -T4 -F 10.10.0.0/24
4925B. nmap -T4 -r 10.10.1.0/24
4926C. nmap -T4 -O 10.10.0.0/24
4927D. nmap -T4 -q 10.10.0.0/24
4928Answer: A
4929Explanation
4930command = nmap -T4 -F
4931description = This scan is faster than a normal scan because it uses the aggressive timing template
4932and scans fewer ports.
4933References: https://svn.nmap.org/nmap/zenmap/share/zenmap/config/scan_profile.usp
4934NO.523 Suppose you've gained access to your client's hybrid network. On which port should you
4935listen to in order to know which Microsoft Windows workstations has its file sharing enabled?
4936A. 1433
4937B. 161
4938IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4939131
4940C. 445
4941D. 3389
4942Answer: C
4943NO.524 The company ABC recently discovered that their new product was released by the
4944opposition before their premiere. They contract an investigator who discovered that the maid threw
4945away papers with confidential information about the new product and the opposition found it in the
4946garbage. What is the name of the technique used by the opposition?
4947A. Hack attack
4948B. Sniffing
4949C. Dumpster diving
4950D. Spying
4951Answer: C
4952NO.525 When you return to your desk after a lunch break, you notice a strange email in your inbox.
4953The sender is someone you did business with recently, but the subject line has strange characters in
4954it.
4955What should you do?
4956A. Forward the message to your company's security response team and permanently delete the
4957message from your computer.
4958B. Reply to the sender and ask them for more information about the message contents.
4959C. Delete the email and pretend nothing happened
4960D. Forward the message to your supervisor and ask for her opinion on how to handle the situation
4961Answer: A
4962Explanation
4963By setting up an email address for your users to forward any suspicious email to, the emails can be
4964automatically scanned and replied to, with security incidents created to follow up on any emails with
4965attached malware or links to known bad websites.
4966References:
4967https://docs.servicenow.com/bundle/helsinki-security-management/page/product/threatintelligence/
4968task/t_Confi
4969NO.526 Which of the following is a symmetric cryptographic standard?
4970A. DSA
4971B. PKI
4972C. RSA
4973D. 3DES
4974Answer: D
4975NO.527 In this attack, a victim receives an e-mail claiming from PayPal stating that their account has
4976been disabled and confirmation is required before activation. The attackers then scam to collect not
4977one but two credit card numbers, ATM PIN number and other personal details. Ignorant users usually
4978fall prey to this scam.
4979Which of the following statement is incorrect related to this attack?
4980IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4981132
4982A. Do not reply to email messages or popup ads asking for personal or financial information
4983B. Do not trust telephone numbers in e-mails or popup ads
4984C. Review credit card and bank account statements regularly
4985D. Antivirus, anti-spyware, and firewall software can very easily detect these type of attacks
4986E. Do not send credit card numbers, and personal or financial information via e-mail
4987Answer: D
4988NO.528 ICMP ping and ping sweeps are used to check for active systems and to check
4989A. if ICMP ping traverses a firewall.
4990B. the route that the ICMP ping took.
4991C. the location of the switchport in relation to the ICMP ping.
4992D. the number of hops an ICMP ping takes to reach a destination.
4993Answer: A
4994NO.529 While conducting a penetration test, the tester determines that there is a firewall between
4995the tester's machine and the target machine. The firewall is only monitoring TCP handshaking of
4996packets at the session layer of the OSI model. Which type of firewall is the tester trying to traverse?
4997A. Packet filtering firewall
4998B. Application-level firewall
4999C. Circuit-level gateway firewall
5000D. Stateful multilayer inspection firewall
5001Answer: C
5002NO.530 A penetration tester is conducting a port scan on a specific host. The tester found several
5003ports opened that were confusing in concluding the Operating System (OS) version installed.
5004Considering the NMAP result below, which of the following is likely to be installed on the target
5005machine by the OS?
5006A. The host is likely a printer.
5007B. The host is likely a Windows machine.
5008C. The host is likely a Linux machine.
5009D. The host is likely a router.
5010Answer: A
5011Explanation
5012IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5013133
5014The Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) uses port 631.
5015References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_TCP_and_UDP_port_numbers
5016NO.531 DHCP snooping is a great solution to prevent rogue DHCP servers on your network. Which
5017security feature on switches leverages the DHCP snooping database to help prevent man-in-themiddle
5018attacks?
5019A. Port security
5020B. A Layer 2 Attack Prevention Protocol (LAPP)
5021C. Dynamic ARP inspection (DAI)
5022D. Spanning tree
5023Answer: C
5024NO.532 What would you enter, if you wanted to perform a stealth scan using Nmap?
5025A. nmap -sU
5026B. nmap -sS
5027C. nmap -sM
5028D. nmap -sT
5029Answer: B
5030NO.533 Which of the following conditions must be given to allow a tester to exploit a Cross-Site
5031Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerable web application?
5032A. The victim user must open the malicious link with an Internet Explorer prior to version 8.
5033B. The session cookies generated by the application do not have the HttpOnly flag set.
5034C. The victim user must open the malicious link with a Firefox prior to version 3.
5035D. The web application should not use random tokens.
5036Answer: D
5037NO.534 What is the best Nmap command to use when you want to list all devices in the same
5038network quickly after you successfully identified a server whose IP address is 10.10.0.5?
5039A. nmap -T4 -F 10.10.0.0/24
5040B. nmap -T4 -q 10.10.0.0/24
5041C. nmap -T4 -O 10.10.0.0/24
5042D. nmap -T4 -r 10.10.1.0/24
5043Answer: A
5044NO.535 In Wireshark, the packet bytes panes show the data of the current packet in which format?
5045A. Decimal
5046B. ASCII only
5047C. Binary
5048D. Hexadecimal
5049Answer: D
5050NO.536 While doing a Black box pen test via the TCP port (80), you noticed that the traffic gets
5051blocked when you tried to pass IRC traffic from a web enabled host. However, you also noticed that
5052IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5053134
5054outbound HTTP traffic is being allowed. What type of firewall is being utilized for the outbound
5055traffic?
5056A. Stateful
5057B. Application
5058C. Circuit
5059D. Packet Filtering
5060Answer: B
5061NO.537 What is the correct process for the TCP three-way handshake connection establishment and
5062connection termination?
5063A. Connection Establishment: FIN, ACK-FIN, ACKConnection Termination: SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK
5064B. Connection Establishment: SYN, SYN-ACK, ACKConnection Termination: ACK, ACK-SYN, SYN
5065C. Connection Establishment: ACK, ACK-SYN, SYNConnection Termination: FIN, ACK-FIN, ACK
5066D. Connection Establishment: SYN, SYN-ACK, ACKConnection Termination: FIN, ACK-FIN, ACK
5067Answer: D
5068NO.538 As an Ethical Hacker you are capturing traffic from your customer network with Wireshark
5069and you need to find and verify just SMTP traffic. What command in Wireshark will help you to find
5070this kind of traffic?
5071A. request smtp 25
5072B. tcp.port eq 25
5073C. smtp port
5074D. tcp.contains port 25
5075Answer: B
5076NO.539 Which of the following is a design pattern based on distinct pieces of software providing
5077application functionality as services to other applications?
5078A. Service Oriented Architecture
5079B. Object Oriented Architecture
5080C. Lean Coding
5081D. Agile Process
5082Answer: A
5083Explanation
5084A service-oriented architecture (SOA) is an architectural pattern in computer software design in
5085which application components provide services to other components via a communications protocol,
5086typically over a network.
5087References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service-oriented_architecture
5088NO.540 What is the way to decide how a packet will move from an untrusted outside host to a
5089protected inside that is behind a firewall, which permits the hacker to determine which ports are
5090open and if the packets can pass through the packet-filtering of the firewall?
5091A. Firewalking
5092B. Session hijacking
5093C. Network sniffing
5094IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5095135
5096D. Man-in-the-middle attack
5097Answer: A
5098NO.541 The collection of potentially actionable, overt, and publicly available information is known
5099as
5100A. Open-source intelligence
5101B. Human intelligence
5102C. Social intelligence
5103D. Real intelligence
5104Answer: A
5105NO.542 Which of the following parameters enables NMAP's operating system detection feature?
5106A. NMAP -sV
5107B. NMAP -oS
5108C. NMAP -sR
5109D. NMAP -O
5110Answer: D
5111NO.543 Which of the following is the structure designed to verify and authenticate the identity of
5112individuals within the enterprise taking part in a data exchange?
5113A. PKI
5114B. single sign on
5115C. biometrics
5116D. SOA
5117Answer: A
5118Explanation
5119A public key infrastructure (PKI) is a set of roles, policies, and procedures needed to create, manage,
5120distribute, use, store, and revoke digital certificates [1] and manage public-key encryption. The
5121purpose of a PKI is to facilitate the secure electronic transfer of information for a range of network
5122activities such as e-commerce, internet banking and confidential email.
5123References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_infrastructure
5124NO.544 What network security concept requires multiple layers of security controls to be placed
5125throughout an IT infrastructure, which improves the security posture of an organization to defend
5126against malicious attacks or potential vulnerabilities?
5127A. Security through obscurity
5128B. Host-Based Intrusion Detection System
5129C. Defense in depth
5130D. Network-Based Intrusion Detection System
5131Answer: C
5132NO.545 An attacker attaches a rogue router in a network. He wants to redirect traffic to a LAN
5133attached to his router as part of a man-in-the-middle attack. What measure on behalf of the
5134legitimate admin can mitigate this attack?
5135IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5136136
5137A. Only using OSPFv3 will mitigate this risk.
5138B. Make sure that legitimate network routers are configured to run routing protocols with
5139authentication.
5140C. Redirection of the traffic cannot happen unless the admin allows it explicitly.
5141D. Disable all routing protocols and only use static routes.
5142Answer: B
5143NO.546 Which of the following is an advantage of utilizing security testing methodologies to conduct
5144a security audit?
5145A. They provide a repeatable framework.
5146B. Anyone can run the command line scripts.
5147C. They are available at low cost.
5148D. They are subject to government regulation.
5149Answer: A
5150NO.547 Darius is analysing logs from IDS. He want to understand what have triggered one alert and
5151verify if it's true positive or false positive. Looking at the logs he copy and paste basic details like
5152below:
5153source IP: 192.168.21.100
5154source port: 80
5155destination IP: 192.168.10.23
5156destination port: 63221
5157What is the most proper answer.
5158A. This is most probably true negative.
5159B. This is most probably true positive which triggered on secure communication between client and
5160server.
5161C. This is most probably false-positive, because an alert triggered on reversed traffic.
5162D. This is most probably false-positive because IDS is monitoring one direction traffic.
5163Answer: A
5164NO.548 You are tasked to perform a penetration test. While you are performing information
5165gathering, you find an employee list in Google. You find the receptionist's email, and you send her an
5166email changing the source email to her boss's email( boss@company ). In this email, you ask for a pdf
5167with information. She reads your email and sends back a pdf with links. You exchange the pdf links
5168with your malicious links (these links contain malware) and send back the modified pdf, saying that
5169the links don't work. She reads your email, opens the links, and her machine gets infected. You now
5170have access to the company network.
5171What testing method did you use?
5172A. Social engineering
5173B. Tailgating
5174C. Piggybacking
5175D. Eavesdropping
5176Answer: A
5177Explanation
5178IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5179137
5180Social engineering, in the context of information security, refers to psychological manipulation of
5181people into performing actions or divulging confidential information. A type of confidence trick for
5182the purpose of information gathering, fraud, or system access, it differs from a traditional "con" in
5183that it is often one of many steps in a more complex fraud scheme.
5184NO.549 SNMP is a protocol used to query hosts, servers, and devices about performance or health
5185status data. This protocol has long been used by hackers to gather great amount of information
5186about remote hosts. Which of the following features makes this possible? (Choose two.)
5187A. It used TCP as the underlying protocol.
5188B. It uses community string that is transmitted in clear text.
5189C. It is susceptible to sniffing.
5190D. It is used by all network devices on the market.
5191Answer: B D
5192NO.550 Firewalk has just completed the second phase (the scanning phase) and a technician
5193receives the output shown below. What conclusions can be drawn based on these scan results?
5194A. The firewall itself is blocking ports 21 through 23 and a service is listening on port 23 of the target
5195host.
5196B. The lack of response from ports 21 and 22 indicate that those services are not running on the
5197destination server.
5198C. The scan on port 23 passed through the filtering device. This indicates that port 23 was not
5199blocked at the firewall.
5200D. The scan on port 23 was able to make a connection to the destination host prompting the firewall
5201to respond with a TTL error.
5202Answer: C
5203NO.551 Which of the following is a component of a risk assessment?
5204A. Physical security
5205B. Administrative safeguards
5206C. DMZ
5207D. Logical interface
5208Answer: B
5209NO.552 Which cipher encrypts the plain text digit (bit or byte) one by one?
5210A. Classical cipher
5211B. Block cipher
5212C. Modern cipher
5213D. Stream cipher
5214Answer: D
5215NO.553 Which type of access control is used on a router or firewall to limit network activity?
5216IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5217138
5218A. Mandatory
5219B. Discretionary
5220C. Rule-based
5221D. Role-based
5222Answer: C
5223NO.554 If a token and 4-digit personal identification number (PIN) are used to access a computer
5224system and the token performs off-line checking for the correct PIN, what type of attack is possible?
5225A. Birthday
5226B. Brute force
5227C. Man-in-the-middle
5228D. Smurf
5229Answer: B
5230NO.555 Which of the following is designed to identify malicious attempts to penetrate systems?
5231A. Intrusion Detection System
5232B. Firewall
5233C. Proxy
5234D. Router
5235Answer: A
5236Explanation
5237An intrusion detection system (IDS) is a device or software application that monitors network or
5238system activities for malicious activities or policy violations and produces electronic reports to a
5239management station.
5240References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrusion_detection_system
5241NO.556 Which of the following is assured by the use of a hash?
5242A. Integrity
5243B. Confidentiality
5244C. Authentication
5245D. Availability
5246Answer: A
5247Explanation
5248An important application of secure hashes is verification of message integrity. Determining whether
5249any changes have been made to a message (or a file), for example, can be accomplished by
5250comparing message digests calculated before, and after, transmission (or any other event).
5251References:
5252https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_hash_function#Verifying_the_integrity_of_files_or_mes
5253sages
5254NO.557 What is the minimum number of network connections in a multi homed firewall?
5255A. 3
5256B. 5
5257C. 4
5258IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5259139
5260D. 2
5261Answer: A
5262NO.558 How does the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) work?
5263A. It sends a request packet to all the network elements, asking for the MAC address from a specific
5264IP.
5265B. It sends a reply packet to all the network elements, asking for the MAC address from a specific IP.
5266C. It sends a reply packet for a specific IP, asking for the MAC address.
5267D. It sends a request packet to all the network elements, asking for the domain name from a specific
5268IP.
5269Answer: A
5270Explanation
5271When an incoming packet destined for a host machine on a particular local area network arrives at a
5272gateway, the gateway asks the ARP program to find a physical host or MAC address that matches the
5273IP address. The ARP program looks in the ARP cache and, if it finds the address, provides it so that the
5274packet can be converted to the right packet length and format and sent to the machine. If no entry is
5275found for the IP address, ARP broadcasts a request packet in a special format to all the machines on
5276the LAN to see if one machine knows that it has that IP address associated with it. A machine that
5277recognizes the IP address as its own returns a reply so indicating. ARP updates the ARP cache for
5278future reference and then sends the packet to the MAC address that replied.
5279References:
5280http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/Address-Resolution-Protocol-ARP
5281NO.559 Which security strategy requires using several, varying methods to protect IT systems
5282against attacks?
5283A. Defense in depth
5284B. Three-way handshake
5285C. Covert channels
5286D. Exponential backoff algorithm
5287Answer: A
5288NO.560 Which of the following techniques does a vulnerability scanner use in order to detect a
5289vulnerability on a target service?
5290A. Port scanning
5291B. Banner grabbing
5292C. Injecting arbitrary data
5293D. Analyzing service response
5294Answer: D
5295NO.561 How can you determine if an LM hash you extracted contains a password that is less than 8
5296characters long?
5297A. There is no way to tell because a hash cannot be reversed
5298B. The right most portion of the hash is always the same
5299C. The hash always starts with AB923D
5300IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5301140
5302D. The left most portion of the hash is always the same
5303E. A portion of the hash will be all 0's
5304Answer: B
5305NO.562 Which of the following guidelines or standards is associated with the credit card industry?
5306A. Control Objectives for Information and Related Technology (COBIT)
5307B. Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX)
5308C. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
5309D. Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards (PCI DSS)
5310Answer: D
5311NO.563
5312Identify the correct terminology that defines the above statement.
5313A. Vulnerability Scanning
5314B. Penetration Testing
5315C. Security Policy Implementation
5316D. Designing Network Security
5317Answer: B
5318NO.564 An attacker tries to do banner grabbing on a remote web server and executes the following
5319command.
5320Service
5321detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at http://nmap.org/submit/.
5322Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 6.42 seconds
5323What did the hacker accomplish?
5324A. nmap can't retrieve the version number of any running remote service.
5325B. The hacker successfully completed the banner grabbing.
5326C. The hacker should've used nmap -O host.domain.com.
5327D. The hacker failed to do banner grabbing as he didn't get the version of the Apache web server.
5328Answer: B
5329NO.565 What is the main difference between a "Normal" SQL Injection and a "Blind" SQL Injection
5330vulnerability?
5331A. The request to the web server is not visible to the administrator of the vulnerable application.
5332B. The attack is called "Blind" because, although the application properly filters user input, it is still
5333IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5334141
5335vulnerable to code injection.
5336C. The successful attack does not show an error message to the administrator of the affected
5337application.
5338D. The vulnerable application does not display errors with information about the injection results to
5339the attacker.
5340Answer: D
5341NO.566 Fingerprinting an Operating System helps a cracker because:
5342A. It defines exactly what software you have installed
5343B. It opens a security-delayed window based on the port being scanned
5344C. It doesn't depend on the patches that have been applied to fix existing security holes
5345D. It informs the cracker of which vulnerabilities he may be able to exploit on your system
5346Answer: D
5347NO.567 You are attempting to man-in-the-middle a session. Which protocol will allow you to guess a
5348sequence number?
5349A. TCP
5350B. UPD
5351C. ICMP
5352D. UPX
5353Answer: A
5354Explanation
5355At the establishment of a TCP session the client starts by sending a SYN-packet (SYN=synchronize)
5356with a sequence number. To hijack a session it is required to send a packet with a right seq-number,
5357otherwise they are dropped.
5358References: https://www.exploit-db.com/papers/13587/
5359NO.568 First thing you do every office day is to check your email inbox. One morning, you received
5360an email from your best friend and the subject line is quite strange. What should you do?
5361A. Delete the email and pretend nothing happened.
5362B. Forward the message to your supervisor and ask for her opinion on how to handle the situation.
5363C. Forward the message to your company's security response team and permanently delete the
5364messagefrom your computer.
5365D. Reply to the sender and ask them for more information about the message contents.
5366Answer: C
5367NO.569 During a blackbox pen test you attempt to pass IRC traffic over port 80/TCP from a
5368compromised web enabled host. The traffic gets blocked; however, outbound HTTP traffic is
5369unimpeded.
5370What type of firewall is inspecting outbound traffic?
5371A. Application
5372B. Circuit
5373C. Stateful
5374D. Packet Filtering
5375IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5376142
5377Answer: A
5378Explanation
5379An application firewall is an enhanced firewall that limits access by applications to the operating
5380system (OS) of a computer. Conventional firewalls merely control the flow of data to and from the
5381central processing unit (CPU), examining each packet and determining whether or not to forward it
5382toward a particular destination.
5383An application firewall offers additional protection by controlling the execution of files or the
5384handling of data by specific applications.
5385References:
5386http://searchsoftwarequality.techtarget.com/definition/application-firewall
5387NO.570 Neil notices that a single address is generating traffic from its port 500 to port 500 of several
5388other machines on the network. This scan is eating up most of the network bandwidth and Neil is
5389concerned. As a security professional, what would you infer from this scan?
5390A. It is a network fault and the originating machine is in a network loop
5391B. It is a worm that is malfunctioning or hardcoded to scan on port 500
5392C. The attacker is trying to detect machines on the network which have SSL enabled
5393D. The attacker is trying to determine the type of VPN implementation and checking for IPSec
5394Answer: D
5395NO.571 Take a look at the following attack on a Web Server using obstructed URL:
5396How would you protect from these attacks?
5397A. Configure the Web Server to deny requests involving "hex encoded" characters
5398B. Create rules in IDS to alert on strange Unicode requests
5399C. Use SSL authentication on Web Servers
5400D. Enable Active Scripts Detection at the firewall and routers
5401Answer: B
5402NO.572 Which of the following does proper basic configuration of snort as a network intrusion
5403detection system require?
5404A. Limit the packets captured to the snort configuration file.
5405B. Capture every packet on the network segment.
5406C. Limit the packets captured to a single segment.
5407D. Limit the packets captured to the /var/log/snort directory.
5408Answer: A
5409IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5410143
5411NO.573 Defining rules, collaborating human workforce, creating a backup plan, and testing the plans
5412are within what phase of the Incident Handling Process?
5413A. Preparation phase
5414B. Containment phase
5415C. Recovery phase
5416D. Identification phase
5417Answer: A
5418NO.574 Which of the following BEST describes how Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) works?
5419A. It sends a reply packet for a specific IP, asking for the MAC address
5420B. It sends a reply packet to all the network elements, asking for the MAC address from a specific IP
5421C. It sends a request packet to all the network elements, asking for the domain name from a specific
5422IP
5423D. It sends a request packet to all the network elements, asking for the MAC address from a specific
5424IP
5425Answer: D
5426NO.575 It is a short-range wireless communication technology that allows mobile phones,
5427computers and other devices to connect and communicate. This technology intends to replace cables
5428connecting portable devices with high regards to security.
5429A. Bluetooth
5430B. Radio-Frequency Identification
5431C. WLAN
5432D. InfraRed
5433Answer: A
5434NO.576 What is the benefit of performing an unannounced Penetration Testing?
5435A. The tester will have an actual security posture visibility of the target network.
5436B. Network security would be in a "best state" posture.
5437C. It is best to catch critical infrastructure unpatched.
5438D. The tester could not provide an honest analysis.
5439Answer: A
5440Explanation
5441Real life attacks will always come without expectation and they will often arrive in ways that are
5442highly creative and very hard to plan for at all. This is, after all, exactly how hackers continue to
5443succeed against network security systems, despite the billions invested in the data protection
5444industry.
5445A possible solution to this danger is to conduct intermittent "unannounced" penentration tests
5446whose scheduling and occurrence is only known to the hired attackers and upper management staff
5447instead of every security employee, as would be the case with "announced" penetration tests that
5448everyone has planned for in advance. The former may be better at detecting realistic weaknesses.
5449References:
5450http://www.sitepronews.com/2013/03/20/the-pros-and-cons-of-penetration-testing/
5451IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5452144
5453NO.577 A hacker was able to easily gain access to a website. He was able to log in via the frontend
5454user login form of the website using default or commonly used credentials. This exploitation is an
5455example of what Software design flaw?
5456A. Insufficient security management
5457B. Insufficient database hardening
5458C. Insufficient input validation
5459D. Insufficient exception handling
5460Answer: B
5461NO.578 When an alert rule is matched in a network-based IDS like snort, the IDS does which of the
5462following?
5463A. Drops the packet and moves on to the next one
5464B. Continues to evaluate the packet until all rules are checked
5465C. Stops checking rules, sends an alert, and lets the packet continue
5466D. Blocks the connection with the source IP address in the packet
5467Answer: B
5468NO.579 If there is an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) in intranet, which port scanning technique
5469cannot be used?
5470A. Spoof Scan
5471B. TCP Connect scan
5472C. TCP SYN
5473D. Idle Scan
5474Answer: C
5475NO.580 You are performing information gathering for an important penetration test. You have
5476found pdf, doc, and images in your objective. You decide to extract metadata from these files and
5477analyze it.
5478What tool will help you with the task?
5479A. Metagoofil
5480B. Armitage
5481C. Dimitry
5482D. cdpsnarf
5483Answer: A
5484Explanation
5485Metagoofil is an information gathering tool designed for extracting metadata of public documents
5486(pdf,doc,xls,ppt,docx,pptx,xlsx) belonging to a target company.
5487Metagoofil will perform a search in Google to identify and download the documents to local disk and
5488then will extract the metadata with different libraries like Hachoir, PdfMiner? and others. With the
5489results it will generate a report with usernames, software versions and servers or machine names
5490that will help Penetration testers in the information gathering phase.
5491References:
5492http://www.edge-security.com/metagoofil.php
5493IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5494145
5495NO.581 The network administrator contacts you and tells you that she noticed the temperature on
5496the internal wireless router increases by more than 20% during weekend hours when the office was
5497closed. She asks you to investigate the issue because she is busy dealing with a big conference and
5498she doesn't have time to perform the task.
5499What tool can you use to view the network traffic being sent and received by the wireless router?
5500A. Wireshark
5501B. Nessus
5502C. Netcat
5503D. Netstat
5504Answer: A
5505Explanation
5506Wireshark is a Free and open source packet analyzer. It is used for network troubleshooting, analysis,
5507software and communications protocol development, and education.
5508NO.582 This tool is an 802.11 WEP and WPA-PSK keys cracking program that can recover keys once
5509enough data packets have been captured. It implements the standard FMS attack along with some
5510optimizations like KoreK attacks, as well as the PTW attack, thus making the attack much faster
5511compared to other WEP cracking tools.
5512Which of the following tools is being described?
5513A. Aircrack-ng
5514B. Airguard
5515C. WLAN-crack
5516D. wificracker
5517Answer: A
5518Explanation
5519Aircrack-ng is a complete suite of tools to assess WiFi network security.
5520The default cracking method of Aircrack-ng is PTW, but Aircrack-ng can also use the FMS/KoreK
5521method, which incorporates various statistical attacks to discover the WEP key and uses these in
5522combination with brute forcing.
5523References:
5524http://www.aircrack-ng.org/doku.php?id=aircrack-ng
5525NO.583 An attacker has installed a RAT on a host. The attacker wants to ensure that when a user
5526attempts to go to
5527"www.MyPersonalBank.com", that the user is directed to a phishing site.
5528Which file does the attacker need to modify?
5529A. Hosts
5530B. Sudoers
5531C. Boot.ini
5532D. Networks
5533Answer: A
5534Explanation
5535The hosts file is a computer file used by an operating system to map hostnames to IP addresses. The
5536hosts file contains lines of text consisting of an IP address in the first text field followed by one or
5537IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5538146
5539more host names.
5540References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_(file)
5541NO.584 Bob is going to perform an active session hijack against Brownies Inc. He has found a target
5542that allows session oriented connections (Telnet) and performs the sequence prediction on the target
5543operating system. He manages to find an active session due to the high level of traffic on the
5544network. What is Bob supposed to do next?
5545A. Take over the session
5546B. Reverse sequence prediction
5547C. Guess the sequence numbers
5548D. Take one of the parties offline
5549Answer: C
5550NO.585 The security concept of "separation of duties" is most similar to the operation of which type
5551of security device?
5552A. Firewall
5553B. Bastion host
5554C. Intrusion Detection System
5555D. Honeypot
5556Answer: A
5557Explanation
5558In most enterprises the engineer making a firewall change is also the one reviewing the firewall
5559metrics for unauthorized changes. What if the firewall administrator wanted to hide something? How
5560would anyone ever find out? This is where the separation of duties comes in to focus on the
5561responsibilities of tasks within security.
5562References:
5563http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/tip/Modern-security-management-strategy-requires-securityseparation-
5564of-du
5565NO.586 From the following table, identify the wrong answer in terms of Range (ft).
5566A. 802.11b
5567B. 802.11g
5568C. 802.16(WiMax)
5569D. 802.11a
5570Answer: D
5571NO.587 You've just been hired to perform a pen test on an organization that has been subjected to a
5572large-scale attack.
5573The CIO is concerned with mitigating threats and vulnerabilities to totally eliminate risk.
5574IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5575147
5576What is one of the first things you should do when given the job?
5577A. Explain to the CIO that you cannot eliminate all risk, but you will be able to reduce risk to
5578acceptable levels.
5579B. Interview all employees in the company to rule out possible insider threats.
5580C. Establish attribution to suspected attackers.
5581D. Start the wireshark application to start sniffing network traffic.
5582Answer: A
5583Explanation
5584The goals of penetration tests are:
5585References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penetration_test
5586NO.588 Why containers are less secure that virtual machines?
5587A. Host OS on containers has a larger surface attack.
5588B. Containers may full fill disk space of the host.
5589C. A compromise container may cause a CPU starvation of the host.
5590D. Containers are attached to the same virtual network.
5591Answer: A
5592NO.589 To maintain compliance with regulatory requirements, a security audit of the systems on a
5593network must be performed to determine their compliance with security policies. Which one of the
5594following tools would most likely be used in such an audit?
5595A. Vulnerability scanner
5596B. Protocol analyzer
5597C. Port scanner
5598D. Intrusion Detection System
5599Answer: A
5600Explanation
5601A vulnerability scanner is a computer program designed to assess computers, computer systems,
5602networks or applications for weaknesses.
5603They can be run either as part of vulnerability management by those tasked with protecting systems -
5604or by black hat attackers looking to gain unauthorized access.
5605References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulnerability_scanner
5606NO.590 You have retrieved the raw hash values from a Windows 2000 Domain Controller. Using
5607social engineering, you come to know that they are enforcing strong passwords. You understand that
5608all users are required to use passwords that are at least 8 characters in length. All passwords must
5609also use 3 of the 4 following categories:
5610lower case letters, capital letters, numbers and special characters. With your existing knowledge of
5611users, likely user account names and the possibility that they will choose the easiest passwords
5612possible, what would be the fastest type of password cracking attack you can run against these hash
5613values and still get results?
5614A. Online Attack
5615B. Dictionary Attack
5616C. Brute Force Attack
5617IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5618148
5619D. Hybrid Attack
5620Answer: D
5621NO.591 When you are collecting information to perform a data analysis, Google commands are very
5622useful to find sensitive information and files. These files may contain information about passwords,
5623system functions, or documentation.
5624What command will help you to search files using Google as a search engine?
5625A. site: target.com filetype:xls username password email
5626B. inurl: target.com filename:xls username password email
5627C. domain: target.com archive:xls username password email
5628D. site: target.com file:xls username password email
5629Answer: A
5630Explanation
5631If you include site: in your query, Google will restrict your search results to the site or domain you
5632specify.
5633If you include filetype:suffix in your query, Google will restrict the results to pages whose names end
5634in suffix. For example, [ web page evaluation checklist filetype:pdf ] will return Adobe Acrobat pdf
5635files that match the terms "web," "page," "evaluation," and "checklist." References:
5636http://www.googleguide.com/advanced_operators_reference.html
5637NO.592 Which Metasploit Framework tool can help penetration tester for evading Anti-virus
5638Systems?
5639A. msfpayload
5640B. msfcli
5641C. msfencode
5642D. msfd
5643Answer: C
5644NO.593 Sandra has been actively scanning the client network on which she is doing a vulnerability
5645assessment test.
5646While conducting a port scan she notices open ports in the range of 135 to 139.
5647What protocol is most likely to be listening on those ports?
5648A. Finger
5649B. FTP
5650C. Samba
5651D. SMB
5652Answer: D
5653NO.594 At a Windows Server command prompt, which command could be used to list the running
5654services?
5655A. Sc query type= running
5656B. Sc query \\servername
5657C. Sc query
5658D. Sc config
5659IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5660149
5661Answer: C
5662NO.595 The fundamental difference between symmetric and asymmetric key cryptographic systems
5663is that symmetric key cryptography uses which of the following?
5664A. Multiple keys for non-repudiation of bulk data
5665B. Different keys on both ends of the transport medium
5666C. Bulk encryption for data transmission over fiber
5667D. The same key on each end of the transmission medium
5668Answer: D
5669NO.596 What mechanism in Windows prevents a user from accidentally executing a potentially
5670malicious batch (.bat) or PowerShell (.ps1) script?
5671A. User Access Control (UAC)
5672B. Data Execution Prevention (DEP)
5673C. Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR)
5674D. Windows firewall
5675Answer: B
5676NO.597 Knowing the nature of backup tapes, which of the following is the MOST RECOMMENDED
5677way of storing backup tapes?
5678A. In a cool dry environment
5679B. Inside the data center for faster retrieval in a fireproof safe
5680C. In a climate controlled facility offsite
5681D. On a different floor in the same building
5682Answer: C
5683NO.598 Which of the following tools would MOST LIKELY be used to perform security audit on
5684various of forms of network systems?
5685A. Intrusion Detection System
5686B. Vulnerability scanner
5687C. Port scanner
5688D. Protocol analyzer
5689Answer: B
5690NO.599 A company firewall engineer has configured a new DMZ to allow public systems to be
5691located away from the internal network. The engineer has three security zones set:
5692The engineer wants to configure remote desktop access from a fixed IP on the remote network to a
5693remote desktop server in the DMZ. Which rule would best fit this requirement?
5694A. Permit 217.77.88.0/24 11.12.13.0/24 RDP 3389
5695B. Permit 217.77.88.12 11.12.13.50 RDP 3389
5696C. Permit 217.77.88.12 11.12.13.0/24 RDP 3389
5697IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5698150
5699D. Permit 217.77.88.0/24 11.12.13.50 RDP 3389
5700Answer: B
5701NO.600 A consultant has been hired by the V.P. of a large financial organization to assess the
5702company's security posture. During the security testing, the consultant comes across child
5703pornography on the V.P.'s computer.
5704What is the consultant's obligation to the financial organization?
5705A. Say nothing and continue with the security testing.
5706B. Stop work immediately and contact the authorities.
5707C. Delete the pornography, say nothing, and continue security testing.
5708D. Bring the discovery to the financial organization's human resource department.
5709Answer: B
5710NO.601 Tess King is using the nslookup command to craft queries to list all DNS information (such as
5711Name Servers, host names, MX records, CNAME records, glue records (delegation for child Domains),
5712zone serial number, TimeToLive (TTL) records, etc) for a Domain.
5713What do you think Tess King is trying to accomplish? Select the best answer.
5714A. A zone harvesting
5715B. A zone transfer
5716C. A zone update
5717D. A zone estimate
5718Answer: B
5719NO.602 Which of the following is a protocol specifically designed for transporting event messages?
5720A. SYSLOG
5721B. SMS
5722C. SNMP
5723D. ICMP
5724Answer: A
5725Explanation
5726syslog is a standard for message logging. It permits separation of the software that generates
5727messages, the system that stores them, and the software that reports and analyzes them. Each
5728message is labeled with a facility code, indicating the software type generating the message, and
5729assigned a severity label.
5730References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syslog#Network_protocol
5731NO.603 Alice encrypts her data using her public key PK and stores the encrypted data in the cloud.
5732Which of the following attack scenarios will compromise the privacy of her data?
5733A. None of these scenarios compromise the privacy of Alice's data
5734B. Agent Andrew subpoenas Alice, forcing her to reveal her private key. However, the cloud server
5735successfully resists Andrew's attempt to access the stored data
5736C. Hacker Harry breaks into the cloud server and steals the encrypted data
5737D. Alice also stores her private key in the cloud, and Harry breaks into the cloud server as before
5738Answer: D
5739IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5740151
5741NO.604 The network administrator at Spears Technology, Inc has configured the default gateway
5742Cisco router's access-list as below:
5743You are hired to conduct security testing on their network.
5744You successfully brute-force the SNMP community string using a SNMP crack tool.
5745The access-list configured at the router prevents you from establishing a successful connection.
5746You want to retrieve the Cisco configuration from the router. How would you proceed?
5747A. Use the Cisco's TFTP default password to connect and download the configuration file
5748B. Run a network sniffer and capture the returned traffic with the configuration file from the router
5749C. Run Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) tunneling protocol from your computer to the router
5750masking your IP address
5751D. Send a customized SNMP set request with a spoofed source IP address in the range -192.168.1.0
5752Answer: B D
5753NO.605 In order to prevent particular ports and applications from getting packets into an
5754organization, what does a firewall check?
5755A. Network layer headers and the session layer port numbers
5756B. Presentation layer headers and the session layer port numbers
5757C. Application layer port numbers and the transport layer headers
5758D. Transport layer port numbers and application layer headers
5759Answer: D
5760NO.606 You have successfully gained access to your client's internal network and successfully
5761comprised a Linux server which is part of the internal IP network. You want to know which Microsoft
5762Windows workstations have file sharing enabled.
5763Which port would you see listening on these Windows machines in the network?
5764A. 445
5765B. 3389
5766C. 161
5767D. 1433
5768Answer: A
5769Explanation
5770The following ports are associated with file sharing and server message block (SMB) communications:
5771References: https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/298804
5772NO.607 The following are types of Bluetooth attack EXCEPT_____?
5773A. Bluejacking
5774B. Bluesmaking
5775C. Bluesnarfing
5776D. Bluedriving
5777Answer: D
5778NO.608 Destination unreachable administratively prohibited messages can inform the hacker to
5779what?
5780IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5781152
5782A. That a circuit level proxy has been installed and is filtering traffic
5783B. That his/her scans are being blocked by a honeypot or jail
5784C. That the packets are being malformed by the scanning software
5785D. That a router or other packet-filtering device is blocking traffic
5786E. That the network is functioning normally
5787Answer: D
5788NO.609 A possibly malicious sequence of packets that were sent to a web server has been captured
5789by an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) and was saved to a PCAP file. As a network administrator, you
5790need to determine whether this packets are indeed malicious. What tool are you going to use?
5791A. Intrusion Prevention System (IPS)
5792B. Vulnerability scanner
5793C. Protocol analyzer
5794D. Network sniffer
5795Answer: C
5796NO.610 A penetration tester is conducting a port scan on a specific host. The tester found several
5797ports opened that were confusing in concluding the Operating System (OS) version installed.
5798Considering the NMAP result below, which of the following is likely to be installed on the target
5799machine by the OS?
5800A. The host is likely a Windows machine.
5801B. The host is likely a Linux machine.
5802C. The host is likely a router.
5803D. The host is likely a printer.
5804Answer: D
5805NO.611 Which results will be returned with the following Google search query?
5806site:target.com -site:Marketing.target.com accounting
5807A. Results matching all words in the query
5808B. Results matching "accounting" in domain target.com but not on the site Marketing.target.com
5809IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5810153
5811C. Results from matches on the site marketing.target.com that are in the domain target.com but do
5812not include the word accounting
5813D. Results for matches on target.com and Marketing.target.com that include the word "accounting"
5814Answer: B
5815NO.612 What is the most common method to exploit the "Bash Bug" or "ShellShock" vulnerability?
5816A. Through Web servers utilizing CGI (Common Gateway Interface) to send a malformed
5817environment variable to a vulnerable Web server
5818B. Manipulate format strings in text fields
5819C. SSH
5820D. SYN Flood
5821Answer: A
5822Explanation
5823Shellshock, also known as Bashdoor, is a family of security bugs in the widely used Unix Bash shell.
5824One specific exploitation vector of the Shellshock bug is CGI-based web servers.
5825Note: When a web server uses the Common Gateway Interface (CGI) to handle a document request,
5826it passes various details of the request to a handler program in the environment variable list. For
5827example, the variable HTTP_USER_AGENT has a value that, in normal usage, identifies the program
5828sending the request. If the request handler is a Bash script, or if it executes one for example using the
5829system call, Bash will receive the environment variables passed by the server and will process them.
5830This provides a means for an attacker to trigger the Shellshock vulnerability with a specially crafted
5831server request.
5832References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shellshock_(software_bug)#Specific_exploitation_vectors
5833NO.613 It is an entity or event with the potential to adversely impact a system through unauthorized
5834access, destruction, disclosure, denial of service or modification of data.
5835Which of the following terms best matches the definition?
5836A. Threat
5837B. Attack
5838C. Vulnerability
5839D. Risk
5840Answer: A
5841Explanation
5842A threat is at any circumstance or event with the potential to adversely impact organizational
5843operations (including mission, functions, image, or reputation), organizational assets, or individuals
5844through an information system via unauthorized access, destruction, disclosure, modification of
5845information, and/or denial of service. Also, the potential for a threat-source to successfully exploit a
5846particular information system vulnerability.
5847References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threat_(computer)
5848NO.614 Which of the following cryptography attack methods is usually performed without the use
5849of a computer?
5850A. Ciphertext-only attack
5851B. Chosen key attack
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5853154
5854C. Rubber hose attack
5855D. Rainbow table attack
5856Answer: C
5857NO.615 Which statement best describes a server type under an N-tier architecture?
5858A. A group of servers at a specific layer
5859B. A single server with a specific role
5860C. A group of servers with a unique role
5861D. A single server at a specific layer
5862Answer: C
5863NO.616 When utilizing technical assessment methods to assess the security posture of a network,
5864which of the following techniques would be most effective in determining whether end-user security
5865training would be beneficial?
5866A. Vulnerability scanning
5867B. Social engineering
5868C. Application security testing
5869D. Network sniffing
5870Answer: B
5871NO.617 Which statement is TRUE regarding network firewalls preventing Web Application attacks?
5872A. Network firewalls can prevent attacks because they can detect malicious HTTP traffic.
5873B. Network firewalls cannot prevent attacks because ports 80 and 443 must be opened.
5874C. Network firewalls can prevent attacks if they are properly configured.
5875D. Network firewalls cannot prevent attacks because they are too complex to configure.
5876Answer: B
5877Explanation
5878Network layer firewalls, also called packet filters, operate at a relatively low level of the TCP/IP
5879protocol stack, not allowing packets to pass through the firewall unless they match the established
5880rule set. To prevent Web Application attacks an Application layer firewall would be required.
5881References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firewall_(computing)#Network_layer_or_packet_filters
5882NO.618 You work as a Security Analyst for a retail organization. In securing the company's network,
5883you set up a firewall and an IDS. However, hackers are able to attack the network. After investigating,
5884you discover that your IDS is not configured properly and therefore is unable to trigger alarms when
5885needed. What type of alert is the IDS giving?
5886A. False Negative
5887B. False Positive
5888C. True Negative
5889D. True Positive
5890Answer: A
5891Explanation
5892A false negative error, or in short false negative, is where a test result indicates that a condition
5893failed, while it actually was successful. I.e. erroneously no effect has been assumed.
5894IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5895155
5896References:
5897https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_positives_and_false_negatives#False_negative_error
5898NO.619 The intrusion detection system at a software development company suddenly generates
5899multiple alerts regarding attacks against the company's external webserver, VPN concentrator, and
5900DNS servers. What should the security team do to determine which alerts to check first?
5901A. Investigate based on the maintenance schedule of the affected systems.
5902B. Investigate based on the service level agreements of the systems.
5903C. Investigate based on the potential effect of the incident.
5904D. Investigate based on the order that the alerts arrived in.
5905Answer: C
5906NO.620 What type of OS fingerprinting technique sends specially crafted packets to the remote OS
5907and analyzes the received response?
5908A. Passive
5909B. Reflective
5910C. Active
5911D. Distributive
5912Answer: C
5913NO.621 During a penetration test, a tester finds a target that is running MS SQL 2000 with default
5914credentials. The tester assumes that the service is running with Local System account. How can this
5915weakness be exploited to access the system?
5916A. Using the Metasploit psexec module setting the SA / Admin credential
5917B. Invoking the stored procedure xp_shell to spawn a Windows command shell
5918C. Invoking the stored procedure cmd_shell to spawn a Windows command shell
5919D. Invoking the stored procedure xp_cmdshell to spawn a Windows command shell
5920Answer: D
5921NO.622 What is the primary drawback to using advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm with a
5922256 bit key to share sensitive data?
5923A. Due to the key size, the time it will take to encrypt and decrypt the message hinders efficient
5924communication.
5925B. To get messaging programs to function with this algorithm requires complex configurations.
5926C. It has been proven to be a weak cipher; therefore, should not be trusted to protect sensitive data.
5927D. It is a symmetric key algorithm, meaning each recipient must receive the key through a different
5928channel than the message.
5929Answer: D
5930NO.623 Nathan is testing some of his network devices. Nathan is using Macof to try and flood the
5931ARP cache of these switches.
5932If these switches' ARP cache is successfully flooded, what will be the result?
5933A. The switches will drop into hub mode if the ARP cache is successfully flooded.
5934B. If the ARP cache is flooded, the switches will drop into pix mode making it less susceptible to
5935IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5936156
5937attacks.
5938C. Depending on the switch manufacturer, the device will either delete every entry in its ARP cache
5939or reroute packets to the nearest switch.
5940D. The switches will route all traffic to the broadcast address created collisions.
5941Answer: A
5942NO.624 This is an attack that takes advantage of a web site vulnerability in which the site displays
5943content that includes un-sanitized user-provided data.
5944What is this attack?
5945A. Cross-site-scripting attack
5946B. SQL Injection
5947C. URL Traversal attack
5948D. Buffer Overflow attack
5949Answer: A
5950NO.625 When setting up a wireless network, an administrator enters a pre-shared key for security.
5951Which of the following is true?
5952A. The key entered is a symmetric key used to encrypt the wireless data.
5953B. The key entered is a hash that is used to prove the integrity of the wireless data.
5954C. The key entered is based on the Diffie-Hellman method.
5955D. The key is an RSA key used to encrypt the wireless data.
5956Answer: A
5957NO.626 For messages sent through an insecure channel, a properly implemented digital signature
5958gives the receiver reason to believe the message was sent by the claimed sender. While using a
5959digital signature, the message digest is encrypted with which key?
5960A. Sender's public key
5961B. Receiver's private key
5962C. Receiver's public key
5963D. Sender's private key
5964Answer: D
5965NO.627 One advantage of an application-level firewall is the ability to
5966A. filter packets at the network level.
5967B. filter specific commands, such as http:post.
5968C. retain state information for each packet.
5969D. monitor tcp handshaking.
5970Answer: B
5971NO.628 Jesse receives an email with an attachment labeled "Court_Notice_21206.zip". Inside the zip
5972file is a file named "Court_Notice_21206.docx.exe" disguised as a word document. Upon execution, a
5973window appears stating, "This word document is corrupt." In the background, the file copies itself to
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5975157
5976Jesse APPDATA\local directory and begins to beacon to a C2 server to download additional malicious
5977binaries.
5978What type of malware has Jesse encountered?
5979A. Trojan
5980B. Worm
5981C. Macro Virus
5982D. Key-Logger
5983Answer: A
5984Explanation
5985In computing, Trojan horse, or Trojan, is any malicious computer program which is used to hack into a
5986computer by misleading users of its true intent. Although their payload can be anything, many
5987modern forms act as a backdoor, contacting a controller which can then have unauthorized access to
5988the affected computer.
5989References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trojan_horse_(computing)
5990NO.629 Rebecca commonly sees an error on her Windows system that states that a Data Execution
5991Prevention (DEP) error has taken place. Which of the following is most likely taking place?
5992A. A race condition is being exploited, and the operating system is containing the malicious process.
5993B. A page fault is occurring, which forces the operating system to write data from the hard drive.
5994C. Malware is executing in either ROM or a cache memory area.
5995D. Malicious code is attempting to execute instruction in a non-executable memory region.
5996Answer: D
5997NO.630 Insecure direct object reference is a type of vulnerability where the application does not
5998verify if the user is authorized to access the internal object via its name or key.
5999Suppose a malicious user Rob tries to get access to the account of a benign user Ned.
6000Which of the following requests best illustrates an attempt to exploit an insecure direct object
6001reference vulnerability?
6002A. "GET/restricted/goldtransfer?to=Rob&from=1 or 1=1' HTTP/1.1Host: westbank.com"
6003B. "GET/restricted/accounts/?name=Ned HTTP/1.1 Host: westbank.com"
6004C. "GET/restricted/bank.getaccount('Ned') HTTP/1.1 Host: westbank.com"
6005D. "GET/restricted/\r\n\%00account%00Ned%00access HTTP/1.1 Host: westbank.com"
6006Answer: B
6007NO.631 Based on the below log, which of the following sentences are true?
6008Mar 1, 2016, 7:33:28 AM 10.240.250.23 - 54373 10.249.253.15 - 22 tcp_ip
6009A. SSH communications are encrypted it's impossible to know who is the client or the server
6010B. Application is FTP and 10.240.250.23 is the client and 10.249.253.15 is the server
6011C. Application is SSH and 10.240.250.23 is the client and 10.249.253.15 is the server
6012D. Application is SSH and 10.240.250.23 is the server and 10.249.253.15 is the server
6013Answer: C
6014NO.632 Which of the statements concerning proxy firewalls is correct?
6015A. Proxy firewalls increase the speed and functionality of a network.
6016IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6017158
6018B. Firewall proxy servers decentralize all activity for an application.
6019C. Proxy firewalls block network packets from passing to and from a protected network.
6020D. Computers establish a connection with a proxy firewall which initiates a new network connection
6021for the client.
6022Answer: D
6023NO.633 A new wireless client is configured to join a 802.11 network. This client uses the same
6024hardware and software as many of the other clients on the network. The client can see the network,
6025but cannot connect. A wireless packet sniffer shows that the Wireless Access Point (WAP) is not
6026responding to the association requests being sent by the wireless client.
6027What is a possible source of this problem?
6028A. The WAP does not recognize the client's MAC address
6029B. The client cannot see the SSID of the wireless network
6030C. Client is configured for the wrong channel
6031D. The wireless client is not configured to use DHCP
6032Answer: A
6033Explanation
6034MAC Filtering (or GUI filtering, or layer 2 address filtering) refers to a security access control method
6035whereby the 48-bit address assigned to each network card is used to determine access to the
6036network. MAC Filtering is often used on wireless networks.
6037References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_filtering
6038NO.634 Which method of password cracking takes the most time and effort?
6039A. Brute force
6040B. Rainbow tables
6041C. Dictionary attack
6042D. Shoulder surfing
6043Answer: A
6044Explanation
6045Brute-force cracking, in which a computer tries every possible key or password until it succeeds, is
6046typically very time consuming. More common methods of password cracking, such as dictionary
6047attacks, pattern checking, word list substitution, etc. attempt to reduce the number of trials required
6048and will usually be attempted before brute force.
6049References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Password_cracking
6050NO.635 How can rainbow tables be defeated?
6051A. Password salting
6052B. Use of non-dictionary words
6053C. All uppercase character passwords
6054D. Lockout accounts under brute force password cracking attempts
6055Answer: A
6056NO.636 When creating a security program, which approach would be used if senior management is
6057supporting and enforcing the security policy?
6058IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6059159
6060A. A bottom-up approach
6061B. A top-down approach
6062C. A senior creation approach
6063D. An IT assurance approach
6064Answer: B
6065NO.637 The "white box testing" methodology enforces what kind of restriction?
6066A. The internal operation of a system is completely known to the tester.
6067B. Only the external operation of a system is accessible to the tester.
6068C. Only the internal operation of a system is known to the tester.
6069D. The internal operation of a system is only partly accessible to the tester.
6070Answer: A
6071Explanation
6072White-box testing (also known as clear box testing, glass box testing, transparent box testing, and
6073structural testing) is a method of testing software that tests internal structures or workings of an
6074application, as opposed to its functionality (i.e. black-box testing). In white-box testing an internal
6075perspective of the system, as well as programming skills, are used to design test cases.
6076References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White-box_testing
6077NO.638 You are attempting to crack LM Manager hashed from Windows 2000 SAM file. You will be
6078using LM Brute force hacking tool for decryption. What encryption algorithm will you be decrypting?
6079A. MD4
6080B. DES
6081C. SHA
6082D. SSL
6083Answer: B
6084NO.639 Which of the following business challenges could be solved by using a vulnerability scanner?
6085A. Auditors want to discover if all systems are following a standard naming convention.
6086B. A web server was compromised and management needs to know if any further systems were
6087compromised.
6088C. There is an emergency need to remove administrator access from multiple machines for an
6089employee that quit.
6090D. There is a monthly requirement to test corporate compliance with host application usage and
6091security policies.
6092Answer: D
6093NO.640 What is the main advantage that a network-based IDS/IPS system has over a host-based
6094solution?
6095A. They do not use host system resources.
6096B. They are placed at the boundary, allowing them to inspect all traffic.
6097C. They are easier to install and configure.
6098D. They will not interfere with user interfaces.
6099IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6100160
6101Answer: A
6102NO.641 An attacker sniffs encrypted traffic from the network and is subsequently able to decrypt it.
6103The attacker can now use which cryptanalytic technique to attempt to discover the encryption key?
6104A. Birthday attack
6105B. Plaintext attack
6106C. Meet in the middle attack
6107D. Chosen ciphertext attack
6108Answer: D
6109NO.642 One of the Forbes 500 companies has been subjected to a large scale attack. You are one of
6110the shortlisted pen testers that they may hire. During the interview with the CIO, he emphasized that
6111he wants to totally eliminate all risks. What is one of the first things you should do when hired?
6112A. Interview all employees in the company to rule out possible insider threats.
6113B. Establish attribution to suspected attackers.
6114C. Explain to the CIO that you cannot eliminate all risk, but you will be able to reduce risk to
6115acceptable levels.
6116D. Start the Wireshark application to start sniffing network traffic.
6117Answer: C
6118NO.643 Which of the following types of firewall inspects only header information in network traffic?
6119A. Packet filter
6120B. Stateful inspection
6121C. Circuit-level gateway
6122D. Application-level gateway
6123Answer: A
6124NO.644 In which of the following password protection technique, random strings of characters are
6125added to the password before calculating their hashes?
6126A. Keyed Hashing
6127B. Key Stretching
6128C. Salting
6129D. Double Hashing
6130Answer: C
6131NO.645 Analyst is investigating proxy logs and found out that one of the internal user visited
6132website storing suspicious Java scripts. After opening one of them, he noticed that it is very hard to
6133understand the code and that all codes differ from the typical Java script. What is the name of this
6134technique to hide the code and extend analysis time?
6135A. Encryption
6136B. Code encoding
6137C. Obfuscation
6138D. Steganography
6139IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6140161
6141Answer: A
6142NO.646 You've just gained root access to a Centos 6 server after days of trying. What tool should
6143you use to maintain access?
6144A. Disable Key Services
6145B. Create User Account
6146C. Download and Install Netcat
6147D. Disable IPTables
6148Answer: B
6149NO.647 E-mail scams and mail fraud are regulated by which of the following?
6150A. 18 U.S.C. par. 1030 Fraud and Related activity in connection with Computers
6151B. 18 U.S.C. par. 1029 Fraud and Related activity in connection with Access Devices
6152C. 18 U.S.C. par. 1362 Communication Lines, Stations, or Systems
6153D. 18 U.S.C. par. 2510 Wire and Electronic Communications Interception and Interception of Oral
6154Communication
6155Answer: A
6156NO.648 The chance of a hard drive failure is known to be once every four years. The cost of a new
6157hard drive is $500.
6158EF (Exposure Factor) is about 0.5. Calculate for the Annualized Loss Expectancy (ALE).
6159A. $62.5
6160B. $250
6161C. $125
6162D. $65.2
6163Answer: A
6164NO.649 A user on your Windows 2000 network has discovered that he can use L0phtcrack to sniff
6165the SMB exchanges which carry user logons. The user is plugged into a hub with 23 other systems.
6166However, he is unable to capture any logons though he knows that other users are logging in.
6167What do you think is the most likely reason behind this?
6168A. There is a NIDS present on that segment.
6169B. Kerberos is preventing it.
6170C. Windows logons cannot be sniffed.
6171D. L0phtcrack only sniffs logons to web servers.
6172Answer: B
6173NO.650 In the software security development life cycle process, threat modeling occurs in which
6174phase?
6175A. Design
6176B. Requirements
6177C. Verification
6178D. Implementation
6179IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6180162
6181Answer: A
6182NO.651 Your team has won a contract to infiltrate an organization. The company wants to have the
6183attack be as realistic as possible; therefore, they did not provide any information besides the
6184company name.
6185What should be the first step in security testing the client?
6186A. Reconnaissance
6187B. Enumeration
6188C. Scanning
6189D. Escalation
6190Answer: A
6191Explanation
6192Phases of hacking
6193Phase 1-Reconnaissance
6194Phase 2-Scanning
6195Phase 3-Gaining Access
6196Phase 4-Maintaining Access
6197Phase 5-Covering Tracks
6198Phase 1: Passive and Active Reconnaissance
6199References:
6200http://hack-o-crack.blogspot.se/2010/12/five-stages-of-ethical-hacking.html
6201NO.652 Eve is spending her day scanning the library computers. She notices that Alice is using a
6202computer whose port
6203445 is active and listening. Eve uses the ENUM tool to enumerate Alice machine. From the command
6204prompt, she types the following command.
6205What is Eve trying to do?
6206A. Eve is trying to connect as a user with Administrator privileges
6207B. Eve is trying to enumerate all users with Administrative privileges
6208C. Eve is trying to carry out a password crack for user Administrator
6209D. Eve is trying to escalate privilege of the null user to that of Administrator
6210Answer: C
6211NO.653 You are the Systems Administrator for a large corporate organization. You need to monitor
6212all network traffic on your local network for suspicious activities and receive notifications when an
6213attack is occurring. Which tool would allow you to accomplish this goal?
6214A. Network-based IDS
6215B. Firewall
6216C. Proxy
6217D. Host-based IDS
6218Answer: A
6219Explanation
6220IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6221163
6222A network-based intrusion detection system (NIDS) is used to monitor and analyze network traffic to
6223protect a system from network-based threats.
6224A NIDS reads all inbound packets and searches for any suspicious patterns. When threats are
6225discovered, based on its severity, the system can take action such as notifying administrators, or
6226barring the source IP address from accessing the network.
6227References: https://www.techopedia.com/definition/12941/network-based-intrusion-detectionsystem-
6228nids
6229NO.654 An attacker uses a communication channel within an operating system that is neither
6230designed nor intended to transfer information. What is the name of the communications channel?
6231A. Classified
6232B. Overt
6233C. Encrypted
6234D. Covert
6235Answer: D
6236NO.655 What does the -oX flag do in an Nmap scan?
6237A. Perform an express scan
6238B. Output the results in truncated format to the screen
6239C. Perform an Xmas scan
6240D. Output the results in XML format to a file
6241Answer: D
6242NO.656 In many states sending spam is illegal. Thus, the spammers have techniques to try and
6243ensure that no one knows they sent the spam out to thousands of users at a time. Which of the
6244following best describes what spammers use to hide the origin of these types of e-mails?
6245A. A blacklist of companies that have their mail server relays configured to allow traffic only to their
6246specific domain name.
6247B. Mail relaying, which is a technique of bouncing e-mail from internal to external mails servers
6248continuously.
6249C. A blacklist of companies that have their mail server relays configured to be wide open.
6250D. Tools that will reconfigure a mail server's relay component to send the e-mail back to the
6251spammers occasionally.
6252Answer: B
6253NO.657 What is correct about digital signatures?
6254A. A digital signature cannot be moved from one signed document to another because it is the hash
6255of the original document encrypted with the private key of the signing party.
6256B. Digital signatures may be used in different documents of the same type.
6257C. A digital signature cannot be moved from one signed document to another because it is a plain
6258hash of the document content.
6259D. Digital signatures are issued once for each user and can be used everywhere until they expire.
6260Answer: A
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6262164
6263NO.658 Null sessions are un-authenticated connections (not using a username or password.) to an
6264NT or 2000 system.
6265Which TCP and UDP ports must you filter to check null sessions on your network?
6266A. 137 and 139
6267B. 137 and 443
6268C. 139 and 443
6269D. 139 and 445
6270Answer: D
6271NO.659 Backing up data is a security must. However, it also has certain level of risks when
6272mishandled. Which of the following is the greatest threat posed by backups?
6273A. A backup is the source of Malware or illicit information
6274B. A backup is incomplete because no verification was performed
6275C. A backup is unavailable during disaster recovery
6276D. An unencrypted backup can be misplaced or stolen
6277Answer: D
6278NO.660 What is the best description of SQL Injection?
6279A. It is an attack used to gain unauthorized access to a database.
6280B. It is an attack used to modify code in an application.
6281C. It is a Man-in-the-Middle attack between your SQL Server and Web App Server.
6282D. It is a Denial of Service Attack.
6283Answer: A
6284Explanation
6285SQL injection is a code injection technique, used to attack data-driven applications, in which
6286malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field for execution (e.g. to dump the database
6287contents to the attacker).
6288References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL_injection
6289NO.661 A company has five different subnets: 192.168.1.0, 192.168.2.0, 192.168.3.0, 192.168.4.0
6290and 192.168.5.0.
6291How can NMAP be used to scan these adjacent Class C networks?
6292A. NMAP -P 192.168.1-5.
6293B. NMAP -P 192.168.0.0/16
6294C. NMAP -P 192.168.1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0
6295D. NMAP -P 192.168.1/17
6296Answer: A
6297NO.662 Which of the following will perform an Xmas scan using NMAP?
6298A. nmap -sA 192.168.1.254
6299B. nmap -sP 192.168.1.254
6300C. nmap -sX 192.168.1.254
6301D. nmap -sV 192.168.1.254
6302IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6303165
6304Answer: C
6305NO.663 _________ is a set of extensions to DNS that provide to DNS clients (resolvers) origin
6306authentication of DNS data to reduce the threat of DNS poisoning, spoofing, and similar attacks
6307types.
6308A. DNSSEC
6309B. Zone transfer
6310C. Resource transfer
6311D. Resource records
6312Answer: A
6313NO.664 Which definition among those given below best describes a covert channel?
6314A. A server program using a port that is not well known.
6315B. Making use of a protocol in a way it is not intended to be used.
6316C. It is the multiplexing taking place on a communication link.
6317D. It is one of the weak channels used by WEP which makes it insecure
6318Answer: B
6319NO.665 Which of the following is a restriction being enforced in "white box testing?"
6320A. Only the internal operation of a system is known to the tester
6321B. The internal operation of a system is completely known to the tester
6322C. The internal operation of a system is only partly accessible to the tester
6323D. Only the external operation of a system is accessible to the tester
6324Answer: B
6325NO.666 An unauthorized individual enters a building following an employee through the employee
6326entrance after the lunch rush. What type of breach has the individual just performed?
6327A. Reverse Social Engineering
6328B. Tailgating
6329C. Piggybacking
6330D. Announced
6331Answer: B
6332NO.667 A company has hired a security administrator to maintain and administer Linux and
6333Windows-based systems.
6334Written in the nightly report file is the following:
6335Firewall log files are at the expected value of 4 MB. The current time is 12am. Exactly two hours later
6336the size has decreased considerably. Another hour goes by and the log files have shrunk in size again.
6337Which of the following actions should the security administrator take?
6338A. Log the event as suspicious activity and report this behavior to the incident response team
6339immediately.
6340B. Log the event as suspicious activity, call a manager, and report this as soon as possible.
6341C. Run an anti-virus scan because it is likely the system is infected by malware.
6342IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6343166
6344D. Log the event as suspicious activity, continue to investigate, and act according to the site's security
6345policy.
6346Answer: D
6347NO.668 Which of the following identifies the three modes in which Snort can be configured to run?
6348A. Sniffer, Packet Logger, and Network Intrusion Detection System
6349B. Sniffer, Network Intrusion Detection System, and Host Intrusion Detection System
6350C. Sniffer, Host Intrusion Prevention System, and Network Intrusion Prevention System
6351D. Sniffer, Packet Logger, and Host Intrusion Prevention System
6352Answer: A
6353NO.669 Which of the following statements about a zone transfer is correct? (Choose three.)
6354A. A zone transfer is accomplished with the DNS
6355B. A zone transfer is accomplished with the nslookup service
6356C. A zone transfer passes all zone information that a DNS server maintains
6357D. A zone transfer passes all zone information that a nslookup server maintains
6358E. A zone transfer can be prevented by blocking all inbound TCP port 53 connections
6359F. Zone transfers cannot occur on the Internet
6360Answer: A C E
6361NO.670 A well-intentioned researcher discovers a vulnerability on the web site of a major
6362corporation. What should he do?
6363A. Ignore it.
6364B. Try to sell the information to a well-paying party on the dark web.
6365C. Notify the web site owner so that corrective action be taken as soon as possible to patch the
6366vulnerability.
6367D. Exploit the vulnerability without harming the web site owner so that attention be drawn to the
6368problem.
6369Answer: C
6370NO.671 You are an Ethical Hacker who is auditing the ABC company. When you verify the NOC one
6371of the machines has 2 connections, one wired and the other wireless. When you verify the
6372configuration of this Windows system you find two static routes.
6373route add 10.0.0.0 mask 255.0.0.0 10.0.0.1
6374route add 0.0.0.0 mask 255.0.0.0 199.168.0.1
6375What is the main purpose of those static routes?
6376A. Both static routes indicate that the traffic is external with different gateway.
6377B. The first static route indicates that the internal traffic will use an external gateway and the second
6378static route indicates that the traffic will be rerouted.
6379C. Both static routes indicate that the traffic is internal with different gateway.
6380D. The first static route indicates that the internal addresses are using the internal gateway and the
6381second static route indicates that all the traffic that is not internal must go to an external gateway.
6382Answer: D
6383IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6384167
6385NO.672 Which of the following statements regarding ethical hacking is incorrect?
6386A. Ethical hackers should never use tools or methods that have the potential of exploiting
6387vulnerabilities in an organization's systems.
6388B. Testing should be remotely performed offsite.
6389C. An organization should use ethical hackers who do not sell vendor hardware/software or other
6390consulting services.
6391D. Ethical hacking should not involve writing to or modifying the target systems.
6392Answer: A
6393Explanation
6394Ethical hackers use the same methods and techniques, including those that have the potential of
6395exploiting vulnerabilities, to test and bypass a system's defenses as their less-principled counterparts,
6396but rather than taking advantage of any vulnerabilities found, they document them and provide
6397actionable advice on how to fix them so the organization can improve its overall security.
6398References:
6399http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/ethical-hacker
6400NO.673 Low humidity in a data center can cause which of the following problems?
6401A. Heat
6402B. Corrosion
6403C. Static electricity
6404D. Airborne contamination
6405Answer: C
6406NO.674 Seth is starting a penetration test from inside the network. He hasn't been given any
6407information about the network. What type of test is he conducting?
6408A. Internal Whitebox
6409B. External, Whitebox
6410C. Internal, Blackbox
6411D. External, Blackbox
6412Answer: C
6413NO.675 Which type of scan measures a person's external features through a digital video camera?
6414A. Iris scan
6415B. Retinal scan
6416C. Facial recognition scan
6417D. Signature kinetics scan
6418Answer: C
6419NO.676 A security policy will be more accepted by employees if it is consistent and has the support
6420of
6421A. coworkers.
6422B. executive management.
6423C. the security officer.
6424IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6425168
6426D. a supervisor.
6427Answer: B
6428NO.677 This international organization regulates billions of transactions daily and provides security
6429guidelines to protect personally identifiable information (PII). These security controls provide a
6430baseline and prevent low-level hackers sometimes known as script kiddies from causing a data
6431breach.
6432Which of the following organizations is being described?
6433A. Payment Card Industry (PCI)
6434B. Center for Disease Control (CDC)
6435C. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
6436D. International Security Industry Organization (ISIO)
6437Answer: A
6438Explanation
6439The Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) is a proprietary information security
6440standard for organizations that handle branded credit cards from the major card schemes including
6441Visa, MasterCard, American Express, Discover, and JCB. The PCI DSS standards are very explicit about
6442the requirements for the back end storage and access of PII (personally identifiable information).
6443References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payment_Card_Industry_Data_Security_Standard
6444NO.678 When purchasing a biometric system, one of the considerations that should be reviewed is
6445the processing speed. Which of the following best describes what it is meant by processing?
6446A. The amount of time it takes to convert biometric data into a template on a smart card.
6447B. The amount of time and resources that are necessary to maintain a biometric system.
6448C. The amount of time it takes to be either accepted or rejected form when an individual provides
6449Identification and authentication information.
6450D. How long it takes to setup individual user accounts.
6451Answer: C
6452NO.679 While performing online banking using a Web browser, a user receives an email that
6453contains a link to an interesting Web site. When the user clicks on the link, another Web browser
6454session starts and displays a video of cats playing a piano. The next business day, the user receives
6455what looks like an email from his bank, indicating that his bank account has been accessed from a
6456foreign country. The email asks the user to call his bank and verify the authorization of a funds
6457transfer that took place.
6458What Web browser-based security vulnerability was exploited to compromise the user?
6459A. Cross-Site Request Forgery
6460B. Cross-Site Scripting
6461C. Clickjacking
6462D. Web form input validation
6463Answer: A
6464Explanation
6465Cross-site request forgery, also known as one-click attack or session riding and abbreviated as CSRF
6466or XSRF, is a type of malicious exploit of a website where unauthorized commands are transmitted
6467IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6468169
6469from a user that the website trusts.
6470Example and characteristics
6471If an attacker is able to find a reproducible link that executes a specific action on the target page
6472while the victim is being logged in there, he is able to embed such link on a page he controls and trick
6473the victim into opening it. The attack carrier link may be placed in a location that the victim is likely to
6474visit while logged into the target site (e.g. a discussion forum), sent in a HTML email body or
6475attachment.
6476NO.680 A big company, who wanted to test their security infrastructure, wants to hire elite pen
6477testers like you. During the interview, they asked you to show sample reports from previous
6478penetration tests. What should you do?
6479A. Share reports, after NDA is signed
6480B. Share full reports, not redacted
6481C. Decline but, provide references
6482D. Share full reports with redactions
6483Answer: C
6484NO.681 Eve stole a file named secret.txt, transferred it to her computer and she just entered these
6485commands:
6486What is she trying to achieve?
6487A. She is encrypting the file.
6488B. She is using John the Ripper to view the contents of the file.
6489C. She is using ftp to transfer the file to another hacker named John.
6490D. She is using John the Ripper to crack the passwords in the secret.txt file.
6491Answer: D
6492NO.682 Let's imagine three companies (A, B and C), all competing in a challenging global
6493environment. Company A and B are working together in developing a product that will generate a
6494major competitive advantage for them.
6495Company A has a secure DNS server while company B has a DNS server vulnerable to spoofing. With a
6496spoofing attack on the DNS server of company B, company C gains access to outgoing e-mails from
6497company
6498B. How do you prevent DNS spoofing?
6499A. Install DNS logger and track vulnerable packets
6500B. Disable DNS timeouts
6501C. Install DNS Anti-spoofing
6502D. Disable DNS Zone Transfer
6503Answer: C
6504IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6505170
6506NO.683 Which of the following is considered an exploit framework and has the ability to perform
6507automated attacks on services, ports, applications and unpatched security flaws in a computer
6508system?
6509A. Wireshark
6510B. Maltego
6511C. Metasploit
6512D. Nessus
6513Answer: C
6514NO.684 Which of the following viruses tries to hide from anti-virus programs by actively altering and
6515corrupting the chosen service call interruptions when they are being run?
6516A. Cavity virus
6517B. Polymorphic virus
6518C. Tunneling virus
6519D. Stealth virus
6520Answer: D
6521NO.685 There are several ways to gain insight on how a cryptosystem works with the goal of reverse
6522engineering the process. A term describes when two pieces of data result in the same value is?
6523A. Collision
6524B. Collusion
6525C. Polymorphism
6526D. Escrow
6527Answer: A
6528NO.686 The network in ABC company is using the network address 192.168.1.64 with mask
6529255.255.255.192. In the network the servers are in the addresses 192.168.1.122, 192.168.1.123 and
6530192.168.1.124.
6531An attacker is trying to find those servers but he cannot see them in his scanning. The command he is
6532using is:
6533nmap 192.168.1.64/28.
6534Why he cannot see the servers?
6535A. The network must be down and the nmap command and IP address are ok.
6536B. He needs to add the command ''''ip address'''' just before the IP address.
6537C. He is scanning from 192.168.1.64 to 192.168.1.78 because of the mask /28 and the servers are not
6538in that range.
6539D. He needs to change the address to 192.168.1.0 with the same mask.
6540Answer: C
6541NO.687 When using Wireshark to acquire packet capture on a network, which device would enable
6542the capture of all traffic on the wire?
6543A. Network tap
6544B. Layer 3 switch
6545IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6546171
6547C. Network bridge
6548D. Application firewall
6549Answer: A
6550NO.688 An attacker gains access to a Web server's database and displays the contents of the table
6551that holds all of the names, passwords, and other user information. The attacker did this by entering
6552information into the Web site's user login page that the software's designers did not expect to be
6553entered. This is an example of what kind of software design problem?
6554A. Insufficient input validation
6555B. Insufficient exception handling
6556C. Insufficient database hardening
6557D. Insufficient security management
6558Answer: A
6559Explanation
6560The most common web application security weakness is the failure to properly validate input coming
6561from the client or from the environment before using it. This weakness leads to almost all of the
6562major vulnerabilities in web applications, such as cross site scripting, SQL injection, interpreter
6563injection, locale/Unicode attacks, file system attacks, and buffer overflows.
6564References: https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Testing_for_Input_Validation
6565NO.689 What type of malware is it that restricts access to a computer system that it infects and
6566demands that the user pay a certain amount of money, cryptocurrency, etc. to the operators of the
6567malware to remove the restriction?
6568A. Ransomware
6569B. Riskware
6570C. Adware
6571D. Spyware
6572Answer: A
6573NO.690 Scenario:
6574What is the name of the attack which is mentioned in the scenario?
6575A. HTTP Parameter Pollution
6576B. HTML Injection
6577C. Session Fixation
6578D. ClickJacking Attack
6579Answer: D
6580NO.691 You are a Penetration Tester and are assigned to scan a server. You need to use a scanning
6581technique wherein the TCP Header is split into many packets so that it becomes difficult to detect
6582what the packets are meant for.
6583Which of the below scanning technique will you use?
6584A. ACK flag scanning
6585B. TCP Scanning
6586C. IP Fragment Scanning
6587IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6588172
6589D. Inverse TCP flag scanning
6590Answer: C
6591NO.692 You've just discovered a server that is currently active within the same network with the
6592machine you recently compromised. You ping it but it did not respond. What could be the case?
6593A. TCP/IP doesn't support ICMP
6594B. ARP is disabled on the target server
6595C. ICMP could be disabled on the target server
6596D. You need to run the ping command with root privileges
6597Answer: C
6598NO.693 How can a rootkit bypass Windows 7 operating system's kernel mode, code signing policy?
6599A. Defeating the scanner from detecting any code change at the kernel
6600B. Replacing patch system calls with its own version that hides the rootkit (attacker's) actions
6601C. Performing common services for the application process and replacing real applications with fake
6602ones
6603D. Attaching itself to the master boot record in a hard drive and changing the machine's boot
6604sequence/options
6605Answer: D
6606NO.694 An incident investigator asks to receive a copy of the event logs from all firewalls, proxy
6607servers, and Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) on the network of an organization that has
6608experienced a possible breach of security. When the investigator attempts to correlate the
6609information in all of the logs, the sequence of many of the logged events do not match up.
6610What is the most likely cause?
6611A. The network devices are not all synchronized.
6612B. Proper chain of custody was not observed while collecting the logs.
6613C. The attacker altered or erased events from the logs.
6614D. The security breach was a false positive.
6615Answer: A
6616Explanation
6617Time synchronization is an important middleware service of distributed systems, amongst which
6618Distributed Intrusion Detection System (DIDS) makes extensive use of time synchronization in
6619particular.
6620References:
6621http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp
6622&
6623arnumber=5619315&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3
6624D561
6625NO.695 John the Ripper is a technical assessment tool used to test the weakness of which of the
6626following?
6627A. Usernames
6628B. File permissions
6629IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6630173
6631C. Firewall rulesets
6632D. Passwords
6633Answer: D
6634NO.696 You are using NMAP to resolve domain names into IP addresses for a ping sweep later.
6635Which of the following commands looks for IP addresses?
6636A. >host -t a hackeddomain.com
6637B. >host -t soa hackeddomain.com
6638C. >host -t ns hackeddomain.com
6639D. >host -t AXFR hackeddomain.com
6640Answer: A
6641Explanation
6642The A record is an Address record. It returns a 32-bit IPv4 address, most commonly used to map
6643hostnames to an IP address of the host.
6644References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_DNS_record_types
6645NO.697 A penetration tester is hired to do a risk assessment of a company's DMZ. The rules of
6646engagement states that the penetration test be done from an external IP address with no prior
6647knowledge of the internal IT systems.
6648What kind of test is being performed?
6649A. white box
6650B. grey box
6651C. red box
6652D. black box
6653Answer: D
6654NO.698 Which of the following is a strong post designed to stop a car?
6655A. Gate
6656B. Fence
6657C. Bollard
6658D. Reinforced rebar
6659Answer: C
6660NO.699 Which of the following describes a component of Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) where a
6661copy of a private key is stored to provide third-party access and to facilitate recovery operations?
6662A. Key registry
6663B. Recovery agent
6664C. Directory
6665D. Key escrow
6666Answer: D
6667NO.700 A hacker named Jack is trying to compromise a bank's computer system. He needs to know
6668the operating system of that computer to launch further attacks.
6669What process would help him?
6670IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6671174
6672A. Banner Grabbing
6673B. IDLE/IPID Scanning
6674C. SSDP Scanning
6675D. UDP Scanning
6676Answer: A
6677NO.701 Which of the following network attacks takes advantage of weaknesses in the fragment
6678reassembly functionality of the TCP/IP protocol stack?
6679A. Teardrop
6680B. SYN flood
6681C. Smurf attack
6682D. Ping of death
6683Answer: A
6684NO.702 What are the three types of compliance that the Open Source Security Testing Methodology
6685Manual (OSSTMM) recognizes?
6686A. Legal, performance, audit
6687B. Audit, standards based, regulatory
6688C. Contractual, regulatory, industry
6689D. Legislative, contractual, standards based
6690Answer: D
6691NO.703 In which of the following cryptography attack methods, the attacker makes a series of
6692interactive queries, choosing subsequent plaintexts based on the information from the previous
6693encryptions?
6694A. Chosen-plaintext attack
6695B. Ciphertext-only attack
6696C. Adaptive chosen-plaintext attack
6697D. Known-plaintext attack
6698Answer: A
6699NO.704 Which of the following DoS tools is used to attack target web applications by starvation of
6700available sessions on the web server?
6701The tool keeps sessions at halt using never-ending POST transmissions and sending an arbitrarily
6702large content-length header value.
6703A. My Doom
6704B. Astacheldraht
6705C. R-U-Dead-Yet?(RUDY)
6706D. LOIC
6707Answer: C
6708NO.705 You are trying to break into a highly classified top-secret mainframe computer with highest
6709security system in place at Merclyn Barley Bank located in Los Angeles.
6710IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6711175
6712You know that conventional hacking doesn't work in this case, because organizations such as banks
6713are generally tight and secure when it comes to protecting their systems.
6714In other words, you are trying to penetrate an otherwise impenetrable system.
6715How would you proceed?
6716A. Look for "zero-day" exploits at various underground hacker websites in Russia and China and buy
6717the necessary exploits from these hackers and target the bank's network
6718B. Try to hang around the local pubs or restaurants near the bank, get talking to a poorly-paid or
6719disgruntled employee, and offer them money if they'll abuse their access privileges by providing you
6720with sensitive information
6721C. Launch DDOS attacks against Merclyn Barley Bank's routers and firewall systems using 100, 000 or
6722more "zombies" and "bots"
6723D. Try to conduct Man-in-the-Middle (MiTM) attack and divert the network traffic going to the
6724Merclyn Barley Bank's Webserver to that of your machine using DNS Cache Poisoning techniques
6725Answer: B
6726NO.706 What is the algorithm used by LM for Windows2000 SAM?
6727A. MD4
6728B. DES
6729C. SHA
6730D. SSL
6731Answer: B
6732NO.707 A Certificate Authority (CA) generates a key pair that will be used for encryption and
6733decryption of email. The integrity of the encrypted email is dependent on the security of which of the
6734following?
6735A. Public key
6736B. Private key
6737C. Modulus length
6738D. Email server certificate
6739Answer: B
6740NO.708 Which command lets a tester enumerate alive systems in a class C network via ICMP using
6741native Windows tools?
6742A. ping 192.168.2.
6743B. ping 192.168.2.255
6744C. for %V in (1 1 255) do PING 192.168.2.%V
6745D. for /L %V in (1 1 254) do PING -n 1 192.168.2.%V | FIND /I "Reply"
6746Answer: D
6747NO.709 How do employers protect assets with security policies pertaining to employee surveillance
6748activities?
6749A. Employers promote monitoring activities of employees as long as the employees demonstrate
6750trustworthiness.
6751B. Employers use informal verbal communication channels to explain employee monitoring activities
6752IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6753176
6754to employees.
6755C. Employers use network surveillance to monitor employee email traffic, network access, and to
6756record employee keystrokes.
6757D. Employers provide employees written statements that clearly discuss the boundaries of
6758monitoring activities and consequences.
6759Answer: D
6760NO.710 Which type of Nmap scan is the most reliable, but also the most visible, and likely to be
6761picked up by and IDS?
6762A. SYN scan
6763B. ACK scan
6764C. RST scan
6765D. Connect scan
6766E. FIN scan
6767Answer: D
6768NO.711 > NMAP -sn 192.168.11.200-215
6769The NMAP command above performs which of the following?
6770A. A ping scan
6771B. A trace sweep
6772C. An operating system detect
6773D. A port scan
6774Answer: A
6775Explanation
6776NMAP -sn (No port scan)
6777This option tells Nmap not to do a port scan after host discovery, and only print out the available
6778hosts that responded to the host discovery probes. This is often known as a "ping scan", but you can
6779also request that traceroute and NSE host scripts be run.
6780References: https://nmap.org/book/man-host-discovery.html
6781NO.712 If the final set of security controls does not eliminate all risk in a system, what could be done
6782next?
6783A. Continue to apply controls until there is zero risk.
6784B. Ignore any remaining risk.
6785C. If the residual risk is low enough, it can be accepted.
6786D. Remove current controls since they are not completely effective.
6787Answer: C
6788NO.713 (Note: the student is being tested on concepts learnt during passive OS fingerprinting, basic
6789TCP/IP connection concepts and the ability to read packet signatures from a sniff dump.). Snort has
6790been used to capture packets on the network. On studying the packets, the penetration tester finds it
6791to be abnormal. If you were the penetration tester, why would you find this abnormal?
6792What is odd about this attack? Choose the best answer.
6793IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6794177
6795A. This is not a spoofed packet as the IP stack has increasing numbers for the three flags.
6796B. This is back orifice activity as the scan comes from port 31337.
6797C. The attacker wants to avoid creating a sub-carries connection that is not normally valid.
6798D. These packets were crafted by a tool, they were not created by a standard IP stack.
6799Answer: B
6800NO.714 DNS cache snooping is a process of determining if the specified resource address is present
6801in the DNS cache records. It may be useful during the examination of the network to determine what
6802software update resources are used, thus discovering what software is installed.
6803What command is used to determine if the entry is present in DNS cache?
6804A. nslookup -fullrecursive update.antivirus.com
6805B. dnsnooping -rt update.antivirus.com
6806C. nslookup -norecursive update.antivirus.com
6807D. dns --snoop update.antivirus.com
6808Answer: C
6809NO.715 It has been reported to you that someone has caused an information spillage on their
6810computer. You go to the computer, disconnect it from the network, remove the keyboard and
6811mouse, and power it down. What step in incident handling did you just complete?
6812A. Containment
6813B. Eradication
6814C. Recovery
6815D. Discovery
6816Answer: A
6817NO.716 Which of the following tools is used by pen testers and analysts specifically to analyze links
6818between data using link analysis and graphs?
6819A. Metasploit
6820B. Wireshark
6821C. Maltego
6822D. Cain & Abel
6823Answer: C
6824NO.717 You have gained physical access to a Windows 2008 R2 server which has an accessible disc
6825drive.
6826IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6827178
6828When you attempt to boot the server and log in, you are unable to guess the password.
6829In your toolkit, you have an Ubuntu 9.10 Linux LiveCD.
6830Which Linux-based tool can change any user's password or activate disabled Windows accounts?
6831A. John the Ripper
6832B. SET
6833C. CHNTPW
6834D. Cain & Abel
6835Answer: C
6836NO.718 Bob, your senior colleague, has sent you a mail regarding aa deal with one of the clients.
6837You are requested to accept the offer and you oblige.
6838After 2 days, Bob denies that he had ever sent a mail.
6839What do you want to "know" to prove yourself that it was Bob who had send a mail?
6840A. Confidentiality
6841B. Integrity
6842C. Non-Repudiation
6843D. Authentication
6844Answer: C
6845NO.719 When does the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI-DSS) require
6846organizations to perform external and internal penetration testing?
6847A. At least twice a year or after any significant upgrade or modification
6848B. At least once a year and after any significant upgrade or modification
6849C. At least once every two years and after any significant upgrade or modification
6850D. At least once every three years or after any significant upgrade or modification
6851Answer: B
6852NO.720 You have successfully comprised a server having an IP address of 10.10.0.5. You would like
6853to enumerate all machines in the same network quickly.
6854What is the best nmap command you will use?
6855A. nmap -T4 -q 10.10.0.0/24
6856B. nmap -T4 -F 10.10.0.0/24
6857C. nmap -T4 -r 10.10.1.0/24
6858D. nmap -T4 -O 10.10.0.0/24
6859Answer: B
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