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3Vendor
4Version
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9IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
10312-50v10
11Certified Ethical Hacker Exam
12(CEH v10)
13EC-COUNCIL
14V12.95
151
16IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
17NO.1 Which of the following is a wireless network detector that is commonly found on Linux?
18A. Kismet
19B. Abel
20C. Netstumbler
21D. Nessus
22Answer: A
23NO.2 A security consultant decides to use multiple layers of anti-virus defense, such as end user
24desktop anti-virus and E-mail gateway. This approach can be used to mitigate which kind of attack?
25A. Forensic attack
26B. ARP spoofing attack
27C. Social engineering attack
28D. Scanning attack
29Answer: C
30NO.3 Code injection is a form of attack in which a malicious user:
31A. Inserts text into a data field that gets interpreted as code
32B. Gets the server to execute arbitrary code using a buffer overflow
33C. Inserts additional code into the JavaScript running in the browser
34D. Gains access to the codebase on the server and inserts new code
35Answer: A
36NO.4 Sid is a judge for a programming contest. Before the code reaches him it goes through a
37restricted OS and is tested there. If it passes, then it moves onto Sid. What is this middle step called?
38A. Fuzzy-testing the code
39B. Third party running the code
40C. Sandboxing the code
41D. String validating the code
42Answer: A
43NO.5 The Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) contains six different categories of
44control objectives. Each objective contains one or more requirements, which must be followed in
45order to achieve compliance. Which of the following requirements would best fit under the objective,
46"Implement strong access control measures"?
47A. Regularly test security systems and processes.
48B. Encrypt transmission of cardholder data across open, public networks.
49C. Assign a unique ID to each person with computer access.
50D. Use and regularly update anti-virus software on all systems commonly affected by malware.
51Answer: C
52NO.6 Which of the following act requires employer's standard national numbers to identify them on
53standard transactions?
54A. SOX
552
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57B. HIPAA
58C. DMCA
59D. PCI-DSS
60Answer: B
61NO.7 Which of the following is an NMAP script that could help detect HTTP Methods such as GET,
62POST, HEAD, PUT, DELETE, TRACE?
63A. http-git
64B. http-headers
65C. http enum
66D. http-methods
67Answer: D
68NO.8 Fred is the network administrator for his company. Fred is testing an internal switch.
69From an external IP address, Fred wants to try and trick this switch into thinking it already has
70established a session with his computer. How can Fred accomplish this?
71A. Fred can accomplish this by sending an IP packet with the RST/SIN bit and the source address of
72his computer.
73B. He can send an IP packet with the SYN bit and the source address of his computer.
74C. Fred can send an IP packet with the ACK bit set to zero and the source address of the switch.
75D. Fred can send an IP packet to the switch with the ACK bit and the source address of his machine.
76Answer: D
77NO.9 What is the process of logging, recording, and resolving events that take place in an
78organization?
79A. Incident Management Process
80B. Security Policy
81C. Internal Procedure
82D. Metrics
83Answer: A
84Explanation
85The activities within the incident management process include:
86References:
87https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incident_management_(ITSM)#Incident_management_procedure
88NO.10 A hacker has managed to gain access to a Linux host and stolen the password file from
89/etc/passwd. How can he use it?
90A. The password file does not contain the passwords themselves.
91B. He can open it and read the user ids and corresponding passwords.
92C. The file reveals the passwords to the root user only.
93D. He cannot read it because it is encrypted.
94Answer: A
95NO.11 What is the most secure way to mitigate the theft of corporate information from a laptop
963
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98that was left in a hotel room?
99A. Set a BIOS password.
100B. Encrypt the data on the hard drive.
101C. Use a strong logon password to the operating system.
102D. Back up everything on the laptop and store the backup in a safe place.
103Answer: B
104NO.12 You are manually conducting Idle Scanning using Hping2. During your scanning you notice
105that almost every query increments the IPID regardless of the port being queried. One or two of the
106queries cause the IPID to increment by more than one value. Why do you think this occurs?
107A. The zombie you are using is not truly idle.
108B. A stateful inspection firewall is resetting your queries.
109C. Hping2 cannot be used for idle scanning.
110D. These ports are actually open on the target system.
111Answer: A
112NO.13 Darius is analysing IDS logs. During the investigation, he noticed that there was nothing
113suspicious found and an alert was triggered on normal web application traffic. He can mark this alert
114as:
115A. False-Negative
116B. False-Positive
117C. True-Positive
118D. False-Signature
119Answer: A
120NO.14 What is the proper response for a NULL scan if the port is closed?
121A. SYN
122B. ACK
123C. FIN
124D. PSH
125E. RST
126F. No response
127Answer: E
128NO.15 The Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) is the worldwide not-for-profit
129charitable organization focused on improving the security of software. What item is the primary
130concern on OWASP's Top Ten Project Most Critical Web Application Security Risks?
131A. Injection
132B. Cross Site Scripting
133C. Cross Site Request Forgery
134D. Path disclosure
135Answer: A
136Explanation
1374
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139The top item of the OWASP 2013 OWASP's Top Ten Project Most Critical Web Application Security
140Risks is injection.
141Injection flaws, such as SQL, OS, and LDAP injection occur when untrusted data is sent to an
142interpreter as part of a command or query. The attacker's hostile data can trick the interpreter into
143executing unintended commands or accessing data without proper authorization.
144References: https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Top_10_2013-Top_10
145NO.16 A recent security audit revealed that there were indeed several occasions that the company's
146network was breached. After investigating, you discover that your IDS is not configured properly and
147therefore is unable to trigger alarms when needed. What type of alert is the IDS giving?
148A. True Positive
149B. False Negative
150C. False Positive
151D. False Positive
152Answer: B
153Explanation
154New questions
155NO.17 A Network Administrator was recently promoted to Chief Security Officer at a local university.
156One of employee's new responsibilities is to manage the implementation of an RFID card access
157system to a new server room on campus. The server room will house student enrollment information
158that is securely backed up to an off-site location.
159During a meeting with an outside consultant, the Chief Security Officer explains that he is concerned
160that the existing security controls have not been designed properly. Currently, the Network
161Administrator is responsible for approving and issuing RFID card access to the server room, as well as
162reviewing the electronic access logs on a weekly basis.
163Which of the following is an issue with the situation?
164A. Segregation of duties
165B. Undue influence
166C. Lack of experience
167D. Inadequate disaster recovery plan
168Answer: A
169NO.18 Which vital role does the U.S. Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT) provide?
170A. Incident response services to any user, company, government agency, or organization in
171partnership with the Department of Homeland Security
172B. Maintenance of the nation's Internet infrastructure, builds out new Internet infrastructure, and
173decommissions old Internet infrastructure
174C. Registration of critical penetration testing for the Department of Homeland Security and public
175and private sectors
176D. Measurement of key vulnerability assessments on behalf of the Department of Defense (DOD) and
177State Department, as well as private sectors
178Answer: A
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181NO.19 Which of the following is used to indicate a single-line comment in structured query language
182(SQL)?
183A. --
184B. ||
185C. %%
186D. ''
187Answer: A
188NO.20 Supposed you are the Chief Network Engineer of a certain Telco. Your company is planning
189for a big business expansion and it requires that your network authenticate users connecting using
190analog modems, Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL), wireless data services, and Virtual Private Networks
191(VPN) over a Frame Relay network. Which AAA protocol would you implement?
192A. TACACS+
193B. DIAMETER
194C. Kerberos
195D. RADIUS
196Answer: D
197NO.21 Which of the following lists are valid data-gathering activities associated with a risk
198assessment?
199A. Threat identification, vulnerability identification, control analysis
200B. Threat identification, response identification, mitigation identification
201C. Attack profile, defense profile, loss profile
202D. System profile, vulnerability identification, security determination
203Answer: A
204NO.22 Which of the following command line switch would you use for OS detection in Nmap?
205A. -D
206B. -O
207C. -P
208D. -X
209Answer: B
210NO.23 A security consultant is trying to bid on a large contract that involves penetration testing and
211reporting. The company accepting bids wants proof of work so the consultant prints out several
212audits that have been performed. Which of the following is likely to occur as a result?
213A. The consultant will ask for money on the bid because of great work.
214B. The consultant may expose vulnerabilities of other companies.
215C. The company accepting bids will want the same type of format of testing.
216D. The company accepting bids will hire the consultant because of the great work performed.
217Answer: B
218NO.24 What type of vulnerability/attack is it when the malicious person forces the user's browser to
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221send an authenticated request to a server?
222A. Cross-site request forgery
223B. Cross-site scripting
224C. Session hijacking
225D. Server side request forgery
226Answer: A
227NO.25 Which of the following is a hashing algorithm?
228A. MD5
229B. PGP
230C. DES
231D. ROT13
232Answer: A
233NO.26 A security engineer has been asked to deploy a secure remote access solution that will allow
234employees to connect to the company's internal network. Which of the following can be
235implemented to minimize the opportunity for the man-in-the-middle attack to occur?
236A. SSL
237B. Mutual authentication
238C. IPSec
239D. Static IP addresses
240Answer: C
241NO.27 On a Linux device, which of the following commands will start the Nessus client in the
242background so that the Nessus server can be configured?
243A. nessus +
244B. nessus *s
245C. nessus &
246D. nessus -d
247Answer: C
248NO.28 If an attacker uses the command SELECT*FROM user WHERE name = 'x' AND userid IS NULL;
249--'; which type of SQL injection attack is the attacker performing?
250A. End of Line Comment
251B. UNION SQL Injection
252C. Illegal/Logically Incorrect Query
253D. Tautology
254Answer: D
255NO.29 A hacker, who posed as a heating and air conditioning specialist, was able to install a sniffer
256program in a switched environment network. Which attack could the hacker use to sniff all of the
257packets in the network?
258A. Fraggle
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261B. MAC Flood
262C. Smurf
263D. Tear Drop
264Answer: B
265NO.30 Least privilege is a security concept that requires that a user is
266A. limited to those functions required to do the job.
267B. given root or administrative privileges.
268C. trusted to keep all data and access to that data under their sole control.
269D. given privileges equal to everyone else in the department.
270Answer: A
271NO.31 Which DNS resource record can indicate how long any "DNS poisoning" could last?
272A. MX
273B. SOA
274C. NS
275D. TIMEOUT
276Answer: B
277NO.32 During the process of encryption and decryption, what keys are shared?
278During the process of encryption and decryption, what keys are shared?
279A. Private keys
280B. User passwords
281C. Public keys
282D. Public and private keys
283Answer: C
284NO.33 Using Windows CMD, how would an attacker list all the shares to which the current user
285context has access?
286A. NET USE
287B. NET CONFIG
288C. NET FILE
289D. NET VIEW
290Answer: A
291Explanation
292Connects a computer to or disconnects a computer from a shared resource, or displays information
293about computer connections. The command also controls persistent net connections. Used without
294parameters, net use retrieves a list of network connections.
295References: https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb490717.aspx
296NO.34 What does the following command in netcat do?
297nc -l -u -p55555 < /etc/passwd
298A. logs the incoming connections to /etc/passwd file
2998
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301B. loads the /etc/passwd file to the UDP port 55555
302C. grabs the /etc/passwd file when connected to UDP port 55555
303D. deletes the /etc/passwd file when connected to the UDP port 55555
304Answer: C
305NO.35 Sandra is the security administrator of XYZ.com. One day she notices that the XYZ.com Oracle
306database server has been compromised and customer information along with financial data has been
307stolen. The financial loss will be estimated in millions of dollars if the database gets into the hands of
308competitors. Sandra wants to report this crime to the law enforcement agencies immediately. Which
309organization coordinates computer crime investigations throughout the United States?
310A. NDCA
311B. NICP
312C. CIRP
313D. NPC
314E. CIA
315Answer: D
316NO.36 Which of the following is a characteristic of Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)?
317A. Public-key cryptosystems are faster than symmetric-key cryptosystems.
318B. Public-key cryptosystems distribute public-keys within digital signatures.
319C. Public-key cryptosystems do not require a secure key distribution channel.
320D. Public-key cryptosystems do not provide technical non-repudiation via digital signatures.
321Answer: B
322NO.37 A network administrator received an administrative alert at 3:00 a.m. from the intrusion
323detection system. The alert was generated because a large number of packets were coming into the
324network over ports 20 and 21.
325During analysis, there were no signs of attack on the FTP servers. How should the administrator
326classify this situation?
327A. True negatives
328B. False negatives
329C. True positives
330D. False positives
331Answer: D
332NO.38 In the OSI model, where does PPTP encryption take place?
333A. Transport layer
334B. Application layer
335C. Data link layer
336D. Network layer
337Answer: C
338NO.39 Websites and web portals that provide web services commonly use the Simple Object Access
3399
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341Protocol SOAP.
342Which of the following is an incorrect definition or characteristics in the protocol?
343A. Based on XML
344B. Provides a structured model for messaging
345C. Exchanges data between web services
346D. Only compatible with the application protocol HTTP
347Answer: D
348NO.40 A common cryptographical tool is the use of XOR. XOR the following binary values:
34910110001
35000111010
351A. 10001011
352B. 11011000
353C. 10011101
354D. 10111100
355Answer: A
356Explanation
357The XOR gate is a digital logic gate that implements an exclusive or; that is, a true output (1/HIGH)
358results if one, and only one, of the inputs to the gate is true. If both inputs are false (0/LOW) or both
359are true, a false output results. XOR represents the inequality function, i.e., the output is true if the
360inputs are not alike otherwise the output is false. A way to remember XOR is "one or the other but
361not both".
362References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XOR_gate
363NO.41 Which of the following resources does NMAP need to be used as a basic vulnerability scanner
364covering several vectors like SMB, HTTP and FTP?
365A. Metasploit scripting engine
366B. Nessus scripting engine
367C. NMAP scripting engine
368D. SAINT scripting engine
369Answer: C
370NO.42 During a recent security assessment, you discover the organization has one Domain Name
371Server (DNS) in a Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) and a second DNS server on the internal network.
372What is this type of DNS configuration commonly called?
373A. Split DNS
374B. DNSSEC
375C. DynDNS
376D. DNS Scheme
377Answer: A
378Explanation
379In a split DNS infrastructure, you create two zones for the same domain, one to be used by the
380internal network, the other used by the external network. Split DNS directs internal hosts to an
381internal domain name server for name resolution and external hosts are directed to an external
38210
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384domain name server for name resolution.
385References:
386http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/split_DNS.html
387NO.43 A security administrator notices that the log file of the company's webserver contains
388suspicious entries:
389Based on source code analysis, the analyst concludes that the login.php script is vulnerable to
390A. command injection.
391B. SQL injection.
392C. directory traversal.
393D. LDAP injection.
394Answer: B
395NO.44 PGP, SSL, and IKE are all examples of which type of cryptography?
396A. Public Key
397B. Secret Key
398C. Hash Algorithm
399D. Digest
400Answer: A
401Explanation
402Public-key algorithms are fundamental security ingredients in cryptosystems, applications and
403protocols. They underpin various Internet standards, such as Secure Sockets Layer (SSL),Transport
404Layer Security (TLS), S/MIME, PGP, Internet Key Exchange (IKE or IKEv2), and GPG.
405References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public-key_cryptography
406NO.45 Which of the following commands runs snort in packet logger mode?
407A. ./snort -dev -h ./log
408B. ./snort -dev -l ./log
409C. ./snort -dev -o ./log
410D. ./snort -dev -p ./log
411Answer: B
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414NO.46 An Internet Service Provider (ISP) has a need to authenticate users connecting using analog
415modems, Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL), wireless data services, and Virtual Private Networks (VPN)
416over a Frame Relay network.
417Which AAA protocol is most likely able to handle this requirement?
418A. RADIUS
419B. DIAMETER
420C. Kerberos
421D. TACACS+
422Answer: A
423Explanation
424Because of the broad support and the ubiquitous nature of the RADIUS protocol, it is often used by
425ISPs and enterprises to manage access to the Internet or internal networks, wireless networks, and
426integrated e-mail services. These networks may incorporate modems, DSL, access points, VPNs,
427network ports, web servers, etc.
428References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RADIUS
429NO.47 Smart cards use which protocol to transfer the certificate in a secure manner?
430A. Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP)
431B. Point to Point Protocol (PPP)
432C. Point to Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)
433D. Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP)
434Answer: A
435NO.48 Every company needs a formal written document which spells out to employees precisely
436what they are allowed to use the company's systems for, what is prohibited, and what will happen to
437them if they break the rules. Two printed copies of the policy should be given to every employee as
438soon as possible after they join the organization. The employee should be asked to sign one copy,
439which should be safely filed by the company. No one should be allowed to use the company's
440computer systems until they have signed the policy in acceptance of its terms.
441What is this document called?
442A. Information Audit Policy (IAP)
443B. Information Security Policy (ISP)
444C. Penetration Testing Policy (PTP)
445D. Company Compliance Policy (CCP)
446Answer: B
447NO.49 One way to defeat a multi-level security solution is to leak data via
448A. a bypass regulator.
449B. steganography.
450C. a covert channel.
451D. asymmetric routing.
452Answer: C
45312
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455NO.50 Your next door neighbor, that you do not get along with, is having issues with their network,
456so he yells to his spouse the network's SSID and password and you hear them both clearly. What do
457you do with this information?
458A. Nothing, but suggest to him to change the network's SSID and password.
459B. Sell his SSID and password to friends that come to your house, so it doesn't slow down your
460network.
461C. Log onto to his network, after all it's his fault that you can get in.
462D. Only use his network when you have large downloads so you don't tax your own network.
463Answer: A
464NO.51 A security analyst is performing an audit on the network to determine if there are any
465deviations from the security policies in place. The analyst discovers that a user from the IT
466department had a dial-out modem installed. Which security policy must the security analyst check to
467see if dial-out modems are allowed?
468A. Firewall-management policy
469B. Acceptable-use policy
470C. Remote-access policy
471D. Permissive policy
472Answer: C
473NO.52 You just set up a security system in your network. In what kind of system would you find the
474following string of characters used as a rule within its configuration?
475alert tcp any any -> 192.168.100.0/24 21 (msg: "FTP on the network!";)
476A. An Intrusion Detection System
477B. A firewall IPTable
478C. A Router IPTable
479D. FTP Server rule
480Answer: A
481Explanation
482Snort is an open source network intrusion detection system (NIDS) for networks .
483Snort rule example:
484This example is a rule with a generator id of 1000001.
485alert tcp any any -> any 80 (content:"BOB"; gid:1000001; sid:1; rev:1;) References:
486http://manual-snort-org.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com/node31.html
487NO.53 Which of the following open source tools would be the best choice to scan a network for
488potential targets?
489A. NMAP
490B. NIKTO
491C. CAIN
492D. John the Ripper
493Answer: A
494NO.54 Which of the following is the successor of SSL?
49513
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497A. TLS
498B. RSA
499C. GRE
500D. IPSec
501Answer: A
502Explanation
503Transport Layer Security (TLS) and its predecessor, Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), both of which are
504frequently referred to as 'SSL', are cryptographic protocols that provide communications security
505over a computer network.
506References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security
507NO.55 Which of the following tools is used to detect wireless LANs using the 802.11a/b/g/n WLAN
508standards on a linux platform?
509A. Kismet
510B. Nessus
511C. Netstumbler
512D. Abel
513Answer: A
514Explanation
515Kismet is a network detector, packet sniffer, and intrusion detection system for 802.11 wireless LANs.
516Kismet will work with any wireless card which supports raw monitoring mode, and can sniff 802.11a,
517802.11b,
518802.11g, and 802.11n traffic. The program runs under Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, and Mac OS
519X.
520References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kismet_(software)
521NO.56 Joseph was the Web site administrator for the Mason Insurance in New York, who's main
522Web site was located at www.masonins.com. Joseph uses his laptop computer regularly to
523administer the Web site. One night, Joseph received an urgent phone call from his friend, Smith.
524According to Smith, the main Mason Insurance web site had been vandalized! All of its normal
525content was removed and replaced with an attacker's message ''Hacker Message: You are dead!
526Freaks!" From his office, which was directly connected to Mason Insurance's internal network, Joseph
527surfed to the Web site using his laptop. In his browser, the Web site looked completely intact.
528No changes were apparent. Joseph called a friend of his at his home to help troubleshoot the
529problem. The Web site appeared defaced when his friend visited using his DSL connection. So, while
530Smith and his friend could see the defaced page, Joseph saw the intact Mason Insurance web site. To
531help make sense of this problem, Joseph decided to access the Web site using hisdial-up ISP. He
532disconnected his laptop from the corporate internal network and used his modem to dial up the
533same ISP used by Smith. After his modem connected, he quickly typed www.masonins.com in his
534browser to reveal the following web page:
535After seeing the defaced Web site, he disconnected his dial-up line, reconnected to the internal
536network, and used Secure Shell (SSH) to log in directly to the Web server. He ran Tripwire against the
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539entire Web site, and determined that every system file and all the Web content on the server were
540intact. How did the attacker accomplish this hack?
541A. ARP spoofing
542B. SQL injection
543C. DNS poisoning
544D. Routing table injection
545Answer: C
546NO.57 Under what conditions does a secondary name server request a zone transfer from a primary
547name server?
548A. When a primary SOA is higher that a secondary SOA
549B. When a secondary SOA is higher that a primary SOA
550C. When a primary name server has had its service restarted
551D. When a secondary name server has had its service restarted
552E. When the TTL falls to zero
553Answer: A
554NO.58 Which of the following can take an arbitrary length of input and produce a message digest
555output of 160 bit?
556A. SHA-1
557B. MD5
558C. HAVAL
559D. MD4
560Answer: A
561NO.59 You went to great lengths to install all the necessary technologies to prevent hacking attacks,
562such as expensive firewalls, antivirus software, anti-spam systems and intrusion detection/prevention
563tools in your company's network. You have configured the most secure policies and tightened every
564device on your network. You are confident that hackers will never be able to gain access to your
565network with complex security system in place.
566Your peer, Peter Smith who works at the same department disagrees with you.
567He says even the best network security technologies cannot prevent hackers gaining access to the
568network because of presence of "weakest link" in the security chain.
569What is Peter Smith talking about?
570A. Untrained staff or ignorant computer users who inadvertently become the weakest link in your
571security chain
572B. "zero-day" exploits are the weakest link in the security chain since the IDS will not be able to
573detect these attacks
574C. "Polymorphic viruses" are the weakest link in the security chain since the Anti-Virus scanners will
575not be able to detect these attacks
576D. Continuous Spam e-mails cannot be blocked by your security system since spammers use different
577techniques to bypass the filters in your gateway
578Answer: A
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581NO.60 Which of the following types of firewalls ensures that the packets are part of the established
582session?
583A. Stateful inspection firewall
584B. Circuit-level firewall
585C. Application-level firewall
586D. Switch-level firewall
587Answer: A
588Explanation
589A stateful firewall is a network firewall that tracks the operating state and characteristics of network
590connections traversing it. The firewall is configured to distinguish legitimate packets for different
591types of connections. Only packets matching a known active connection (session) are allowed to pass
592the firewall.
593References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stateful_firewall
594NO.61 You are a Network Security Officer. You have two machines. The first machine (192.168.0.99)
595has snort installed, and the second machine (192.168.0.150) has kiwi syslog installed. You perform a
596syn scan in your network, and you notice that kiwi syslog is not receiving the alert message from
597snort. You decide to run wireshark in the snort machine to check if the messages are going to the kiwi
598syslog machine.
599What wireshark filter will show the connections from the snort machine to kiwi syslog machine?
600A. tcp.dstport==514 && ip.dst==192.168.0.150
601B. tcp.srcport==514 && ip.src==192.168.0.99
602C. tcp.dstport==514 && ip.dst==192.168.0.0/16
603D. tcp.srcport==514 && ip.src==192.168.150
604Answer: A
605Explanation
606We need to configure destination port at destination ip. The destination ip is 192.168.0.150, where
607the kiwi syslog is installed.
608References: https://wiki.wireshark.org/DisplayFilters
609NO.62 Which of the following can the administrator do to verify that a tape backup can be
610recovered in its entirety?
611A. Restore a random file.
612B. Perform a full restore.
613C. Read the first 512 bytes of the tape.
614D. Read the last 512 bytes of the tape.
615Answer: B
616Explanation
617A full restore is required.
618NO.63 What would you type on the Windows command line in order to launch the Computer
619Management Console provided that you are logged in as an admin?
620A. c:\compmgmt.msc
621B. c:\gpedit
62216
623IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
624C. c:\ncpa.cpl
625D. c:\services.msc
626Answer: A
627NO.64 What is the role of test automation in security testing?
628A. It can accelerate benchmark tests and repeat them with a consistent test setup. But it cannot
629replace manual testing completely.
630B. It is an option but it tends to be very expensive.
631C. It should be used exclusively. Manual testing is outdated because of low speed and possible test
632setup inconsistencies.
633D. Test automation is not usable in security due to the complexity of the tests.
634Answer: A
635NO.65 Which of the following programming languages is most vulnerable to buffer overflow
636attacks?
637A. Perl
638B. C++
639C. Python
640D. Java
641Answer: B
642NO.66 You want to do an ICMP scan on a remote computer using hping2. What is the proper syntax?
643A. hping2 host.domain.com
644B. hping2 --set-ICMP host.domain.com
645C. hping2 -i host.domain.com
646D. hping2 -1 host.domain.com
647Answer: D
648NO.67 Which of the following tools is used to analyze the files produced by several packet-capture
649programs such as tcpdump, WinDump, Wireshark, and EtherPeek?
650A. tcptrace
651B. tcptraceroute
652C. Nessus
653D. OpenVAS
654Answer: A
655Explanation
656tcptrace is a tool for analysis of TCP dump files. It can take as input the files produced by several
657popular packet-capture programs, including tcpdump/WinDump/Wireshark, snoop, EtherPeek, and
658Agilent NetMetrix.
659References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tcptrace
660NO.68 Which protocol is used for setting up secured channels between two devices, typically in
661VPNs?
662A. IPSEC
66317
664IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
665B. PEM
666C. SET
667D. PPP
668Answer:A
669NO.69 What is the approximate cost of replacement and recovery operation per year of a hard drive
670that has a value of $300 given that the technician who charges $10/hr would need 10 hours to
671restore OS and Software and needs further 4 hours to restore the database from the last backup to
672the new hard disk? Calculate the SLE, ARO, and ALE. Assume the EF = 1 (100%).
673A. $440
674B. $100
675C. $1320
676D. $146
677Answer: D
678NO.70 A recently hired network security associate at a local bank was given the responsibility to
679perform daily scans of the internal network to look for unauthorized devices. The employee decides
680to write a script that will scan the network for unauthorized devices every morning at 5:00 am.
681Which of the following programming languages would most likely be used?
682A. PHP
683B. C#
684C. Python
685D. ASP.NET
686Answer: C
687NO.71 As a Certified Ethical Hacker, you were contracted by a private firm to conduct an external
688security assessment through penetration testing.
689What document describes the specifics of the testing, the associated violations, and essentially
690protects both the organization's interest and your liabilities as a tester?
691A. Terms of Engagement
692B. Project Scope
693C. Non-Disclosure Agreement
694D. Service Level Agreement
695Answer: A
696NO.72 When comparing the testing methodologies of Open Web Application Security Project
697(OWASP) and Open Source Security Testing Methodology Manual (OSSTMM) the main difference is
698A. OWASP is for web applications and OSSTMM does not include web applications.
699B. OSSTMM is gray box testing and OWASP is black box testing.
700C. OWASP addresses controls and OSSTMM does not.
701D. OSSTMM addresses controls and OWASP does not.
702Answer: D
703NO.73 Sophia travels a lot and worries that her laptop containing confidential documents might be
70418
705IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
706stolen. What is the best protection that will work for her?
707A. Password protected files
708B. Hidden folders
709C. BIOS password
710D. Full disk encryption.
711Answer: D
712NO.74 The establishment of a TCP connection involves a negotiation called 3 way handshake. What
713type of message sends the client to the server in order to begin this negotiation?
714A. RST
715B. ACK
716C. SYN-ACK
717D. SYN
718Answer: D
719NO.75 Which protocol is used for setting up secure channels between two devices, typically in
720VPNs?
721A. PPP
722B. IPSEC
723C. PEM
724D. SET
725Answer: B
726NO.76 What term describes the amount of risk that remains after the vulnerabilities are classified
727and the countermeasures have been deployed?
728A. Residual risk
729B. Inherent risk
730C. Deferred risk
731D. Impact risk
732Answer: A
733Explanation
734The residual risk is the risk or danger of an action or an event, a method or a (technical) process that,
735although being abreast with science, still conceives these dangers, even if all theoretically possible
736safety measures would be applied (scientifically conceivable measures); in other words, the amount
737of risk left over after natural or inherent risks have been reduced by risk controls.
738References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Residual_risk
739NO.77 Peter, a Network Administrator, has come to you looking for advice on a tool that would help
740him perform SNMP enquires over the network.
741Which of these tools would do the SNMP enumeration he is looking for? Select the best answers.
742A. SNMPUtil
743B. SNScan
744C. SNMPScan
74519
746IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
747D. Solarwinds IP Network Browser
748E. NMap
749Answer: A B D
750NO.78 Which of the following represents the initial two commands that an IRC client sends to join an
751IRC network?
752A. USER, NICK
753B. LOGIN, NICK
754C. USER, PASS
755D. LOGIN, USER
756Answer: A
757NO.79 An attacker, using a rogue wireless AP, performed an MITM attack and injected an HTML
758code to embed a malicious applet in all HTTP connections.
759When users accessed any page, the applet ran and exploited many machines.
760Which one of the following tools the hacker probably used to inject HTML code?
761A. Wireshark
762B. Ettercap
763C. Aircrack-ng
764D. Tcpdump
765Answer: B
766NO.80 Craig received a report of all the computers on the network that showed all the missing
767patches and weak passwords. What type of software generated this report?
768A. a port scanner
769B. a vulnerability scanner
770C. a virus scanner
771D. a malware scanner
772Answer: B
773NO.81 Which of the following antennas is commonly used in communications for a frequency band
774of 10 MHz to VHF and UHF?
775A. Omnidirectional antenna
776B. Dipole antenna
777C. Yagi antenna
778D. Parabolic grid antenna
779Answer: C
780NO.82 What is the name of the international standard that establishes a baseline level of confidence
781in the security functionality of IT products by providing a set of requirements for evaluation?
782A. Blue Book
783B. ISO 26029
784C. Common Criteria
78520
786IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
787D. The Wassenaar Agreement
788Answer: C
789NO.83 Switches maintain a CAM Table that maps individual MAC addresses on the network to
790physical ports on the switch.
791In MAC flooding attack, a switch is fed with many Ethernet frames, each containing different source
792MAC addresses, by the attacker. Switches have a limited memory for mapping various MAC
793addresses to physical ports. What happens when the CAM table becomes full?
794A. Switch then acts as hub by broadcasting packets to all machines on the network
795B. The CAM overflow table will cause the switch to crash causing Denial of Service
796C. The switch replaces outgoing frame switch factory default MAC address of FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
797D. Every packet is dropped and the switch sends out SNMP alerts to the IDS port
798Answer: A
799NO.84 A company recently hired your team of Ethical Hackers to test the security of their network
800systems. The company wants to have the attack be as realistic as possible. They did not provide any
801information besides the name of their company. What phase of security testing would your team
802jump in right away?
803A. Scanning
804B. Reconnaissance
805C. Escalation
806D. Enumeration
807Answer: B
808NO.85 Study the snort rule given below:
80921
810IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
811From the options below, choose the exploit against which this rule applies.
812A. WebDav
813B. SQL Slammer
814C. MS Blaster
815D. MyDoom
816Answer: C
817NO.86 Which of the following programming languages is most susceptible to buffer overflow
818attacks, due to its lack of a built-in-bounds checking mechanism?
819Output:
820SegmentationA. C#
821B. Python
822C. Java
823D. C++
824Answer: D
825fault
826NO.87 You have compromised a server and successfully gained a root access. You want to pivot and
827pass traffic undetected over the network and evade any possible Intrusion Detection System.
828What is the best approach?
829A. Install Cryptcat and encrypt outgoing packets from this server.
830B. Install and use Telnet to encrypt all outgoing traffic from this server.
831C. Use Alternate Data Streams to hide the outgoing packets from this server.
83222
833IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
834D. Use HTTP so that all traffic can be routed via a browser, thus evading the internal Intrusion
835Detection Systems.
836Answer: A
837Explanation
838Cryptcat enables us to communicate between two systems and encrypts the communication
839between them with twofish.
840References:
841http://null-byte.wonderhowto.com/how-to/hack-like-pro-create-nearly-undetectable-backdoor-
842with-cryptcat-0149
843NO.88 If you want only to scan fewer ports than the default scan using Nmap tool, which option
844would you use?
845A. -sP
846B. -P
847C. -r
848D. -F
849Answer: B
850NO.89 The Heartbleed bug was discovered in 2014 and is widely referred to under MITRE's Common
851Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) as CVE-2014-0160. This bug affects the OpenSSL implementation
852of the transport layer security (TLS) protocols defined in RFC6520.
853What type of key does this bug leave exposed to the Internet making exploitation of any
854compromised system very easy?
855A. Private
856B. Public
857C. Shared
858D. Root
859Answer: A
860Explanation
861The data obtained by a Heartbleed attack may include unencrypted exchanges between TLS parties
862likely to be confidential, including any form post data in users' requests. Moreover, the confidential
863data exposed could include authentication secrets such as session cookies and passwords, which
864might allow attackers to impersonate a user of the service.
865An attack may also reveal private keys of compromised parties.
866References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heartbleed
867NO.90 Which of the following network attacks relies on sending an abnormally large packet size that
868exceeds TCP/IP specifications?
869A. Ping of death
870B. SYN flooding
871C. TCP hijacking
872D. Smurf attack
873Answer: A
87423
875IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
876NO.91 Which of the following tools can be used for passive OS fingerprinting?
877A. tcpdump
878B. nmap
879C. ping
880D. tracert
881Answer: A
882Explanation
883The passive operating system fingerprinting is a feature built into both the pf and tcpdump tools.
884References:
885http://geek00l.blogspot.se/2007/04/tcpdump-privilege-dropping-passive-os.html
886NO.92 Which method can provide a better return on IT security investment and provide a thorough
887and comprehensive assessment of organizational security covering policy, procedure design, and
888implementation?
889A. Penetration testing
890B. Social engineering
891C. Vulnerability scanning
892D. Access control list reviews
893Answer: A
894NO.93 You receive an e-mail like the one shown below. When you click on the link contained in the
895mail, you are redirected to a website seeking you to download free Anti-Virus software.
896Dear valued customers,
897We are pleased to announce the newest version of Antivirus 2010 for Windows which will probe you
898with total security against the latest spyware, malware, viruses, Trojans and other online threats.
899Simply visit the link below and enter your antivirus code:
900or you may contact us at the following address:
901Media Internet Consultants, Edif. Neptuno, Planta
902Baja, Ave. Ricardo J. Alfaro, Tumba Muerto, n/a Panama
903How will you determine if this is Real Anti-Virus or Fake Anti-Virus website?
904A. Look at the website design, if it looks professional then it is a Real Anti-Virus website
905B. Connect to the site using SSL, if you are successful then the website is genuine
906C. Search using the URL and Anti-Virus product name into Google and lookout for suspicious
907warnings against this site
908D. Download and install Anti-Virus software from this suspicious looking site, your Windows 7 will
909prompt you and stop the installation if the downloaded file is a malware
910E. Download and install Anti-Virus software from this suspicious looking site, your Windows 7 will
91124
912IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
913prompt you and stop the installation if the downloaded file is a malware
914Answer: C
915NO.94 You've gained physical access to a Windows 2008 R2 server which has an accessible disc
916drive. When you attempt to boot the server and log in, you are unable to guess the password. In your
917tool kit you have an Ubuntu 9.10 Linux LiveCD. Which Linux based tool has the ability to change any
918user's password or to activate disabled Windows accounts?
919A. CHNTPW
920B. Cain & Abel
921C. SET
922D. John the Ripper
923Answer: A
924Explanation
925chntpw is a software utility for resetting or blanking local passwords used by Windows NT, 2000, XP,
926Vista,
9277, 8 and 8.1. It does this by editing the SAM database where Windows stores password hashes.
928References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chntpw
929NO.95 Which protocol and port number might be needed in order to send log messages to a log
930analysis tool that resides behind a firewall?
931A. UDP 123
932B. UDP 541
933C. UDP 514
934D. UDP 415
935Answer: C
936NO.96 Which of the following tools will scan a network to perform vulnerability checks and
937compliance auditing?
938A. NMAP
939B. Metasploit
940C. Nessus
941D. BeEF
942Answer: C
943NO.97 Which of the following processes of PKI (Public Key Infrastructure) ensures that a trust
944relationship exists and that a certificate is still valid for specific operations?
945A. Certificate issuance
946B. Certificate validation
947C. Certificate cryptography
948D. Certificate revocation
949Answer: B
950NO.98 Which of the following describes the characteristics of a Boot Sector Virus?
951A. Moves the MBR to another location on the hard disk and copies itself to the original location of
95225
953IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
954the MBR
955B. Moves the MBR to another location on the RAM and copies itself to the original location of the
956MBR
957C. Modifies directory table entries so that directory entries point to the virus code instead of the
958actual program
959D. Overwrites the original MBR and only executes the new virus code
960Answer: A
961Explanation
962A boot sector virus is a computer virus that infects a storage device's master boot record (MBR). The
963virus moves the boot sector to another location on the hard drive.
964References: https://www.techopedia.com/definition/26655/boot-sector-virus
965NO.99 Bob is doing a password assessment for one of his clients. Bob suspects that security policies
966are not in place.
967He also suspects that weak passwords are probably the norm throughout the company he is
968evaluating. Bob is familiar with password weaknesses and key loggers.
969Which of the following options best represents the means that Bob can adopt to retrieve passwords
970from his clients hosts and servers?
971A. Hardware, Software, and Sniffing.
972B. Hardware and Software Keyloggers.
973C. Passwords are always best obtained using Hardware key loggers.
974D. Software only, they are the most effective.
975Answer: A
976NO.100 The chance of a hard drive failure is once every three years. The cost to buy a new hard
977drive is $300. It will require 10 hours to restore the OS and software to the new hard disk. It will
978require a further 4 hours to restore the database from the last backup to the new hard disk. The
979recovery person earns $10/hour. Calculate the SLE, ARO, and ALE. Assume the EF = 1 (100%).
980What is the closest approximate cost of this replacement and recovery operation per year?
981A. $146
982B. $1320
983C. $440
984D. $100
985Answer: A
986Explanation
987The annualized loss expectancy (ALE) is the product of the annual rate of occurrence (ARO) and the
988single loss expectancy (SLE).
989Suppose than an asset is valued at $100,000, and the Exposure Factor (EF) for this asset is 25%. The
990single loss expectancy (SLE) then, is 25% * $100,000, or $25,000.
991In our example the ARO is 33%, and the SLE is 300+14*10 (as EF=1). The ALO is thus:
99233%*(300+14*10) which equals 146.
993References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annualized_loss_expectancy
994NO.101 You are logged in as a local admin on a Windows 7 system and you need to launch the
995Computer Management Console from command line.
99626
997IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
998Which command would you use?
999A. c:\compmgmt.msc
1000B. c:\services.msc
1001C. c:\ncpa.cp
1002D. c:\gpedit
1003Answer: A
1004Explanation
1005To start the Computer Management Console from command line just type compmgmt.msc
1006/computer:computername in your run box or at the command line and it should automatically open
1007the Computer Management console.
1008References:
1009http://www.waynezim.com/tag/compmgmtmsc/
1010NO.102 Which Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) implements a web application full of
1011known vulnerabilities?
1012A. WebBugs
1013B. WebGoat
1014C. VULN_HTML
1015D. WebScarab
1016Answer: B
1017NO.103 Identify the web application attack where the attackers exploit vulnerabilities in dynamically
1018generated web pages to inject client-side script into web pages viewed by other users.
1019A. SQL injection attack
1020B. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
1021C. LDAP Injection attack
1022D. Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
1023Answer: B
1024NO.104 You have successfully gained access to a linux server and would like to ensure that the
1025succeeding outgoing traffic from this server will not be caught by a Network Based Intrusion
1026Detection Systems (NIDS).
1027What is the best way to evade the NIDS?
1028A. Encryption
1029B. Protocol Isolation
1030C. Alternate Data Streams
1031D. Out of band signalling
1032Answer: A
1033Explanation
1034When the NIDS encounters encrypted traffic, the only analysis it can perform is packet level analysis,
1035since the application layer contents are inaccessible. Given that exploits against today's networks are
1036primarily targeted against network services (application layer entities), packet level analysis ends up
1037doing very little to protect our core business assets.
1038References:
103927
1040IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1041http://www.techrepublic.com/article/avoid-these-five-common-ids-implementation-errors/
1042NO.105 What do Trinoo, TFN2k, WinTrinoo, T-Sight, and Stracheldraht have in common?
1043A. All are hacking tools developed by the legion of doom
1044B. All are tools that can be used not only by hackers, but also security personnel
1045C. All are DDOS tools
1046D. All are tools that are only effective against Windows
1047E. All are tools that are only effective against Linux
1048Answer: C
1049NO.106 The purpose of a __________ is to deny network access to local area networks and other
1050information assets by unauthorized wireless devices.
1051A. Wireless Intrusion Prevention System
1052B. Wireless Access Point
1053C. Wireless Access Control List
1054D. Wireless Analyzer
1055Answer: A
1056Explanation
1057A wireless intrusion prevention system (WIPS) is a network device that monitors the radio spectrum
1058for the presence of unauthorized access points (intrusion detection), and can automatically take
1059countermeasures (intrusion prevention).
1060References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_intrusion_prevention_system
1061NO.107 An attacker with access to the inside network of a small company launches a successful STP
1062manipulation attack. What will he do next?
1063A. He will create a SPAN entry on the spoofed root bridge and redirect traffic to his computer.
1064B. He will activate OSPF on the spoofed root bridge.
1065C. He will repeat the same attack against all L2 switches of the network.
1066D. He will repeat this action so that it escalates to a DoS attack.
1067Answer: A
1068NO.108 Diffie-Hellman (DH) groups determine the strength of the key used in the key exchange
1069process. Which of the following is the correct bit size of the Diffie-Hellman (DH) group 5?
1070A. 768 bit key
1071B. 1025 bit key
1072C. 1536 bit key
1073D. 2048 bit key
1074Answer: C
1075NO.109 Which among the following is a Windows command that a hacker can use to list all the
1076shares to which the current user context has access?
1077A. NET FILE
1078B. NET USE
1079C. NET CONFIG
108028
1081IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1082D. NET VIEW
1083Answer: B
1084NO.110 If executives are found liable for not properly protecting their company's assets and
1085information systems, what type of law would apply in this situation?
1086A. Civil
1087B. International
1088C. Criminal
1089D. Common
1090Answer: A
1091NO.111 What is the following command used for?
1092net use \targetipc$ "" /u:""
1093A. Grabbing the etc/passwd file
1094B. Grabbing the SAM
1095C. Connecting to a Linux computer through Samba.
1096D. This command is used to connect as a null session
1097E. Enumeration of Cisco routers
1098Answer: D
1099NO.112 What hacking attack is challenge/response authentication used to prevent?
1100A. Replay attacks
1101B. Scanning attacks
1102C. Session hijacking attacks
1103D. Password cracking attacks
1104Answer: A
1105NO.113 Which of the following Secure Hashing Algorithm (SHA) produces a 160-bit digest from a
1106message with a maximum length of (264-1) bits and resembles the MD5 algorithm?
1107A. SHA-2
1108B. SHA-3
1109C. SHA-1
1110D. SHA-0
1111Answer: C
1112NO.114 In order to show improvement of security over time, what must be developed?
1113A. Reports
1114B. Testing tools
1115C. Metrics
1116D. Taxonomy of vulnerabilities
1117Answer: C
1118Explanation
1119Today, management demands metrics to get a clearer view of security.
112029
1121IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1122Metrics that measure participation, effectiveness, and window of exposure, however, offer
1123information the organization can use to make plans and improve programs.
1124References:
1125http://www.infoworld.com/article/2974642/security/4-security-metrics-that-matter.html
1126NO.115 Due to a slowdown of normal network operations, IT department decided to monitor
1127internet traffic for all of the employees. From a legal stand point, what would be troublesome to take
1128this kind of measure?
1129A. All of the employees would stop normal work activities
1130B. IT department would be telling employees who the boss is
1131C. Not informing the employees that they are going to be monitored could be an invasion of privacy.
1132D. The network could still experience traffic slow down.
1133Answer: C
1134NO.116 These hackers have limited or no training and know how to use only basic techniques or
1135tools.
1136What kind of hackers are we talking about?
1137A. Black-Hat Hackers A
1138B. Script Kiddies
1139C. White-Hat Hackers
1140D. Gray-Hat Hacker
1141Answer: C
1142NO.117 You are monitoring the network of your organizations. You notice that:
1143Which of the following solution will you suggest?
1144A. Block the Blacklist IP's @ Firewall
1145B. Update the Latest Signatures on your IDS/IPS
1146C. Clean the Malware which are trying to Communicate with the External Blacklist IP's
1147D. Both B and C
1148Answer: D
1149NO.118 What tool and process are you going to use in order to remain undetected by an IDS while
1150pivoting and passing traffic over a server you've compromised and gained root access to?
1151A. Install Cryptcat and encrypt outgoing packets from this server.
1152B. Use HTTP so that all traffic can be routed via a browser, thus evading the internal Intrusion
1153Detection Systems.
1154C. Use Alternate Data Streams to hide the outgoing packets from this server.
1155Answer: B
1156NO.119 When discussing passwords, what is considered a brute force attack?
1157A. You attempt every single possibility until you exhaust all possible combinations or discover the
1158password
1159B. You threaten to use the rubber hose on someone unless they reveal their password
1160C. You load a dictionary of words into your cracking program
116130
1162IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1163D. You create hashes of a large number of words and compare it with the encrypted passwords
1164E. You wait until the password expires
1165Answer: A
1166NO.120 Which of the following is one of the most effective ways to prevent Cross-site Scripting (XSS)
1167flaws in software applications?
1168A. Validate and escape all information sent to a server
1169B. Use security policies and procedures to define and implement proper security settings
1170C. Verify access right before allowing access to protected information and UI controls
1171D. Use digital certificates to authenticate a server prior to sending data
1172Answer: A
1173Explanation
1174Contextual output encoding/escaping could be used as the primary defense mechanism to stop
1175Cross-site Scripting (XSS) attacks.
1176References:
1177https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-
1178site_scripting#Contextual_output_encoding.2Fescaping_of_string_input
1179NO.121 Emil uses nmap to scan two hosts using this command.
1180nmap -sS -T4 -O 192.168.99.1 192.168.99.7
1181He receives this output:
1182What is his conclusion?
1183A. Host 192.168.99.7 is an iPad.
1184B. He performed a SYN scan and OS scan on hosts 192.168.99.1 and 192.168.99.7.
1185C. Host 192.168.99.1 is the host that he launched the scan from.
1186D. Host 192.168.99.7 is down.
1187Answer: B
118831
1189IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1190NO.122 What is GINA?
1191A. Gateway Interface Network Application
1192B. GUI Installed Network Application CLASS
1193C. Global Internet National Authority (G-USA)
1194D. Graphical Identification and Authentication DLL
1195Answer: D
1196NO.123 After gaining access to the password hashes used to protect access to a web based
1197application, knowledge of which cryptographic algorithms would be useful to gain access to the
1198application?
1199A. SHA1
1200B. Diffie-Helman
1201C. RSA
1202D. AES
1203Answer: A
1204NO.124 A network admin contacts you. He is concerned that ARP spoofing or poisoning might occur
1205on his network.
1206What are some things he can do to prevent it? Select the best answers.
1207A. Use port security on his switches.
1208B. Use a tool like ARPwatch to monitor for strange ARP activity.
1209C. Use a firewall between all LAN segments.
1210D. If you have a small network, use static ARP entries.
1211E. Use only static IP addresses on all PC's.
1212Answer: A B D
1213NO.125 A hacker has successfully infected an internet-facing server which he will then use to send
1214junk mail, take part in coordinated attacks, or host junk email content.
1215Which sort of trojan infects this server?
1216A. Botnet Trojan
1217B. Turtle Trojans
1218C. Banking Trojans
1219D. Ransomware Trojans
1220Answer: A
1221Explanation
1222In computer science, a zombie is a computer connected to the Internet that has been compromised
1223by a hacker, computer virus or trojan horse and can be used to perform malicious tasks of one sort or
1224another under remote direction. Botnets of zombie computers are often used to spread e-mail spam
1225and launch denial-of-service attacks. Most owners of zombie computers are unaware that their
1226system is being used in this way. Because the owner tends to be unaware, these computers are
1227metaphorically compared to zombies. A coordinated DDoS attack by multiple botnet machines also
1228resembles a zombie horde attack.
122932
1230IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1231NO.126 You have initiated an active operating system fingerprinting attempt with nmap against a
1232target system:
1233What operating system is the target host running based on the open ports shown above?
1234A. Windows XP
1235B. Windows 98 SE
1236C. Windows NT4 Server
1237D. Windows 2000 Server
1238Answer: D
1239NO.127 In which phase of the ethical hacking process can Google hacking be employed? This is a
1240technique that involves manipulating a search string with specific operators to search for
1241vulnerabilities.
1242Example:
1243allintitle: root passwd
1244A. Maintaining Access
1245B. Gaining Access
1246C. Reconnaissance
1247D. Scanning and Enumeration
1248Answer: C
1249NO.128 A company's security policy states that all Web browsers must automatically delete their
1250HTTP browser cookies upon terminating. What sort of security breach is this policy attempting to
125133
1252IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1253mitigate?
1254A. Attempts by attackers to access Web sites that trust the Web browser user by stealing the user's
1255authentication credentials.
1256B. Attempts by attackers to access the user and password information stored in the company's SQL
1257database.
1258C. Attempts by attackers to access passwords stored on the user's computer without the user's
1259knowledge.
1260D. Attempts by attackers to determine the user's Web browser usage patterns, including when sites
1261were visited and for how long.
1262Answer: A
1263Explanation
1264Cookies can store passwords and form content a user has previously entered, such as a credit card
1265number or an address.
1266Cookies can be stolen using a technique called cross-site scripting. This occurs when an attacker takes
1267advantage of a website that allows its users to post unfiltered HTML and JavaScript content.
1268References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_cookie#Cross-site_scripting_.E2.80.93_cookie_theft
1269NO.129 Which of the following are well known password-cracking programs?
1270A. L0phtcrack
1271B. NetCat
1272C. Jack the Ripper
1273D. Netbus
1274E. John the Ripper
1275Answer: A E
1276NO.130 One of your team members has asked you to analyze the following SOA record. What is the
1277version?
1278Rutgers.edu.SOA NS1.Rutgers.edu ipad.college.edu (200302028 3600 3600 604800 2400.) (Choose
1279four.)
1280A. 200303028
1281B. 3600
1282C. 604800
1283D. 2400
1284E. 60
1285F. 4800
1286Answer: A
1287NO.131 LM hash is a compromised password hashing function. Which of the following parameters
1288describe LM Hash:?
1289I - The maximum password length is 14 characters.
1290II - There are no distinctions between uppercase and lowercase.
1291III - It's a simple algorithm, so 10,000,000 hashes can be generated per second.
1292A. I
1293B. I, II, and III
129434
1295IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1296C. II
1297D. I and II
1298Answer: B
1299NO.132 Which Nmap option would you use if you were not concerned about being detected and
1300wanted to perform a very fast scan?
1301A. -T0
1302B. -T5
1303C. -O
1304D. -A
1305Answer: B
1306NO.133 Which of the following program infects the system boot sector and the executable files at
1307the same time?
1308A. Stealth virus
1309B. Polymorphic virus
1310C. Macro virus
1311D. Multipartite Virus
1312Answer: D
1313NO.134 If you are to determine the attack surface of an organization, which of the following is the
1314BEST thing to do?
1315A. Running a network scan to detect network services in the corporate DMZ
1316B. Reviewing the need for a security clearance for each employee
1317C. Using configuration management to determine when and where to apply security patches
1318D. Training employees on the security policy regarding social engineering
1319Answer: A
1320NO.135 Which is the first step followed by Vulnerability Scanners for scanning a network?
1321A. TCP/UDP Port scanning
1322B. Firewall detection
1323C. OS Detection
1324D. Checking if the remote host is alive
1325Answer: D
1326NO.136 While testing the company's web applications, a tester attempts to insert the following test
1327script into the search area on the company's web site:
1328< script>alert(" Testing Testing Testing ")</script>
1329Afterwards, when the tester presses the search button, a pop-up box appears on the screen with the
1330text:
1331"Testing Testing Testing". Which vulnerability has been detected in the web application?
1332A. Buffer overflow
1333B. Cross-site request forgery
133435
1335IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1336C. Distributed denial of service
1337D. Cross-site scripting
1338Answer: D
1339NO.137 Which system consists of a publicly available set of databases that contain domain name
1340registration contact information?
1341A. WHOIS
1342B. IANA
1343C. CAPTCHA
1344D. IETF
1345Answer: A
1346NO.138 A pen tester is configuring a Windows laptop for a test. In setting up Wireshark, what river
1347and library are required to allow the NIC to work in promiscuous mode?
1348A. Libpcap
1349B. Awinpcap
1350C. Winprom
1351D. Winpcap
1352Answer: D
1353NO.139 You perform a scan of your company's network and discover that TCP port 123 is open.
1354What services by default run on TCP port 123?
1355A. Telnet
1356B. POP3
1357C. Network Time Protocol
1358D. DNS
1359Answer: C
1360NO.140
1361What does the option * indicate?
136236
1363IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1364A. s
1365B. t
1366C. n
1367D. a
1368Answer:C
1369NO.141 Which of the following is a command line packet analyzer similar to GUI-based Wireshark?
1370A. tcpdump
1371B. nessus
1372C. etherea
1373D. Jack the ripper
1374Answer: A
1375Explanation
1376tcpdump is a common packet analyzer that runs under the command line. It allows the user to
1377display TCP/IP and other packets being transmitted or received over a network to which the
1378computer is attached.
1379References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tcpdump
1380NO.142 Bob, a network administrator at BigUniversity, realized that some students are connecting
1381their notebooks in the wired network to have Internet access. In the university campus, there are
1382many Ethernet ports available for professors and authorized visitors but not for students.
1383He identified this when the IDS alerted for malware activities in the network.
1384What should Bob do to avoid this problem?
1385A. Disable unused ports in the switches
1386B. Separate students in a different VLAN
1387C. Use the 802.1x protocol
1388D. Ask students to use the wireless network
1389Answer: C
1390NO.143 While performing ping scans into a target network you get a frantic call from the
1391organization's security team.
1392They report that they are under a denial of service attack. When you stop your scan, the smurf attack
1393event stops showing up on the organization's IDS monitor.
1394How can you modify your scan to prevent triggering this event in the IDS?
1395A. Scan more slowly.
1396B. Do not scan the broadcast IP.
1397C. Spoof the source IP address.
1398D. Only scan the Windows systems.
1399Answer: B
1400NO.144 While doing a technical assessment to determine network vulnerabilities, you used the TCP
1401XMAS scan. What would be the response of all open ports?
1402A. The port will send an ACK
1403B. The port will send a SYN
140437
1405IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1406C. The port will ignore the packets
1407D. The port will send an RST
1408Answer: C
1409Explanation
1410References:
1411NO.145 Which of the following techniques will identify if computer files have been changed?
1412A. Network sniffing
1413B. Permission sets
1414C. Integrity checking hashes
1415D. Firewall alerts
1416Answer: C
1417NO.146 Which tool would be used to collect wireless packet data?
1418A. NetStumbler
1419B. John the Ripper
1420C. Nessus
1421D. Netcat
1422Answer: A
1423NO.147 You are a security officer of a company. You had an alert from IDS that indicates that one PC
1424on your Intranet is connected to a blacklisted IP address (C2 Server) on the Internet. The IP address
1425was blacklisted just before the alert. You are staring an investigation to roughly analyze the severity
1426of the situation. Which of the following is appropriate to analyze?
1427A. Event logs on the PC
1428B. Internet Firewall/Proxy log
1429C. IDS log
1430D. Event logs on domain controller
1431Answer: B
1432NO.148 The network administrator for a company is setting up a website with e-commerce
1433capabilities. Packet sniffing is a concern because credit card information will be sent electronically
1434over the Internet. Customers visiting the site will need to encrypt the data with HTTPS. Which type of
1435certificate is used to encrypt and decrypt the data?
1436A. Asymmetric
1437B. Confidential
1438C. Symmetric
1439D. Non-confidential
1440Answer: A
1441NO.149 Log monitoring tools performing behavioral analysis have alerted several suspicious logins
1442on a Linux server occurring during non-business hours. After further examination of all login
1443activities, it is noticed that none of the logins have occurred during typical work hours. A Linux
1444administrator who is investigating this problem realizes the system time on the Linux server is wrong
144538
1446IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1447by more than twelve hours. What protocol used on Linux servers to synchronize the time has stopped
1448working?
1449A. Time Keeper
1450B. NTP
1451C. PPP
1452D. OSPP
1453Answer: B
1454NO.150 Which command line switch would be used in NMAP to perform operating system
1455detection?
1456A. -OS
1457B. -sO
1458C. -sP
1459D. -O
1460Answer: D
1461NO.151 Which Intrusion Detection System is best applicable for large environments where critical
1462assets on the network need extra security and is ideal for observing sensitive network segments?
1463A. Network-based intrusion detection system (NIDS)
1464B. Host-based intrusion detection system (HIDS)
1465C. Firewalls
1466D. Honeypots
1467Answer: A
1468NO.152 Which tool can be used to silently copy files from USB devices?
1469A. USB Grabber
1470B. USB Dumper
1471C. USB Sniffer
1472D. USB Snoopy
1473Answer: B
1474NO.153 The following is part of a log file taken from the machine on the network with the IP address
1475of
1476192.168.1.106:
147739
1478IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1479What type of activity has been logged?
1480A. Port scan targeting 192.168.1.103
1481B. Teardrop attack targeting 192.168.1.106
1482C. Denial of service attack targeting 192.168.1.103
1483D. Port scan targeting 192.168.1.106
1484Answer: D
1485NO.154 How does a denial-of-service attack work?
1486A. A hacker prevents a legitimate user (or group of users) from accessing a service
1487B. A hacker uses every character, word, or letter he or she can think of to defeat authentication
1488C. A hacker tries to decipher a password by using a system, which subsequently crashes the network
1489D. A hacker attempts to imitate a legitimate user by confusing a computer or even another person
1490Answer: A
1491NO.155 Which type of security document is written with specific step-by-step details?
1492A. Process
1493B. Procedure
1494C. Policy
1495D. Paradigm
1496Answer: B
1497NO.156 On performing a risk assessment, you need to determine the potential impacts when some
1498of the critical business process of the company interrupt its service. What is the name of the process
1499by which you can determine those critical business?
1500A. Risk Mitigation
1501B. Emergency Plan Response (EPR)
1502C. Disaster Recovery Planning (DRP)
1503D. Business Impact Analysis (BIA)
1504Answer: D
150540
1506IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1507NO.157 Why would an attacker want to perform a scan on port 137?
1508A. To discover proxy servers on a network
1509B. To disrupt the NetBIOS SMB service on the target host
1510C. To check for file and print sharing on Windows systems
1511D. To discover information about a target host using NBTSTAT
1512Answer: D
1513NO.158 Which of the following is an example of two factor authentication?
1514A. PIN Number and Birth Date
1515B. Username and Password
1516C. Digital Certificate and Hardware Token
1517D. Fingerprint and Smartcard ID
1518Answer: D
1519NO.159 Which of the following is the BEST way to defend against network sniffing?
1520A. Using encryption protocols to secure network communications
1521B. Register all machines MAC Address in a Centralized Database
1522C. Restrict Physical Access to Server Rooms hosting Critical Servers
1523D. Use Static IP Address
1524Answer: A
1525Explanation
1526A way to protect your network traffic from being sniffed is to use encryption such as Secure Sockets
1527Layer (SSL) or Transport Layer Security (TLS). Encryption doesn't prevent packet sniffers from seeing
1528source and destination information, but it does encrypt the data packet's payload so that all the
1529sniffer sees is encrypted gibberish.
1530References:
1531http://netsecurity.about.com/od/informationresources/a/What-Is-A-Packet-Sniffer.htm
1532NO.160 Bob finished a C programming course and created a small C application to monitor the
1533network traffic and produce alerts when any origin sends "many" IP packets, based on the average
1534number of packets sent by all origins and using some thresholds.
1535In concept, the solution developed by Bob is actually:
1536A. Just a network monitoring tool
1537B. A signature-based IDS
1538C. A hybrid IDS
1539D. A behavior-based IDS
1540Answer: A
1541NO.161 An NMAP scan of a server shows port 25 is open. What risk could this pose?
1542A. Open printer sharing
1543B. Web portal data leak
1544C. Clear text authentication
1545D. Active mail relay
154641
1547IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1548Answer: D
1549NO.162 Which of the following problems can be solved by using Wireshark?
1550A. Tracking version changes of source code
1551B. Checking creation dates on all webpages on a server
1552C. Resetting the administrator password on multiple systems
1553D. Troubleshooting communication resets between two systems
1554Answer: D
1555NO.163 What kind of risk will remain even if all theoretically possible safety measures would be
1556applied?
1557A. Residual risk
1558B. Inherent risk
1559C. Impact risk
1560D. Deferred risk
1561Answer: A
1562NO.164 Peter extracts the SIDs list from Windows 2000 Server machine using the hacking tool
1563"SIDExtractor". Here is the output of the SIDs:
1564From the above list identify the user account with System Administrator privileges.
1565A. John
1566B. Rebecca
1567C. Sheela
1568D. Shawn
1569E. Somia
1570F. Chang
1571G. Micah
1572Answer: F
1573NO.165 When a normal TCP connection starts, a destination host receives a SYN (synchronize/start)
1574packet from a source host and sends back a SYN/ACK (synchronize acknowledge). The destination
1575host must then hear an ACK (acknowledge) of the SYN/ACK before the connection is established. This
1576is referred to as the "TCP three-way handshake." While waiting for the ACK to the SYN ACK, a
1577connection queue of finite size on the destination host keeps track of connections waiting to be
1578completed. This queue typically empties quickly since the ACK is expected to arrive a few milliseconds
1579after the SYN ACK.
1580How would an attacker exploit this design by launching TCP SYN attack?
158142
1582IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1583A. Attacker generates TCP SYN packets with random destination addresses towards a victim host
1584B. Attacker floods TCP SYN packets with random source addresses towards a victim host
1585C. Attacker generates TCP ACK packets with random source addresses towards a victim host
1586D. Attacker generates TCP RST packets with random source addresses towards a victim host
1587Answer: B
1588NO.166 An NMAP scan of a server shows port 69 is open. What risk could this pose?
1589A. Unauthenticated access
1590B. Weak SSL version
1591C. Cleartext login
1592D. Web portal data leak
1593Answer: A
1594NO.167 Which of the following is the least-likely physical characteristic to be used in biometric
1595control that supports a large company?
1596A. Height and Weight
1597B. Voice
1598C. Fingerprints
1599D. Iris patterns
1600Answer: A
1601Explanation
1602There are two main types of biometric identifiers:
1603Examples of physiological characteristics used for biometric authentication include fingerprints; DNA;
1604face, hand, retina or ear features; and odor. Behavioral characteristics are related to the pattern of
1605the behavior of a person, such as typing rhythm, gait, gestures and voice.
1606References:
1607http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/biometrics
1608NO.168 Which component of IPsec performs protocol-level functions that are required to encrypt
1609and decrypt the packets?
1610A. Internet Key Exchange (IKE)
1611B. Oakley
1612C. IPsec Policy Agent
1613D. IPsec driver
1614Answer: A
1615NO.169 Your company was hired by a small healthcare provider to perform a technical assessment
1616on the network.
1617What is the best approach for discovering vulnerabilities on a Windows-based computer?
1618A. Use a scan tool like Nessus
1619B. Use the built-in Windows Update tool
1620C. Check MITRE.org for the latest list of CVE findings
1621D. Create a disk image of a clean Windows installation
162243
1623IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1624Answer: A
1625Explanation
1626Nessus is an open-source network vulnerability scanner that uses the Common Vulnerabilities and
1627Exposures architecture for easy cross-linking between compliant security tools.
1628The Nessus server is currently available for Unix, Linux and FreeBSD. The client is available for Unix- or
1629Windows-based operating systems.
1630Note: Significant capabilities of Nessus include:
1631References:
1632http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/Nessus
1633NO.170 Which mode of IPSec should you use to assure security and confidentiality of data within
1634the same LAN?
1635A. ESP transport mode
1636B. AH permiscuous
1637C. ESP confidential
1638D. AH Tunnel mode
1639Answer: A
1640Explanation
1641When transport mode is used, IPSec encrypts only the IP payload. Transport mode provides the
1642protection of an IP payload through an AH or ESP header. Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP)
1643provides confidentiality (in addition to authentication, integrity, and anti-replay protection) for the IP
1644payload.
1645NO.171 Which of the following tools performs comprehensive tests against web servers, including
1646dangerous files and CGIs?
1647A. Nikto
1648B. Snort
1649C. John the Ripper
1650D. Dsniff
1651Answer: A
1652Explanation
1653Nikto is an Open Source (GPL) web server scanner which performs comprehensive tests against web
1654servers for multiple items, including over 6700 potentially dangerous files/CGIs, checks for outdated
1655versions of over
16561250 servers, and version specific problems on over 270 servers. It also checks for server
1657configuration items such as the presence of multiple index files, HTTP server options, and will
1658attempt to identify installed web servers and software. Scan items and plugins are frequently
1659updated and can be automatically updated.
1660References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikto_Web_Scanner
1661NO.172 In the context of password security, a simple dictionary attack involves loading a dictionary
1662file (a text file full of dictionary words) into a cracking application such as L0phtCrack or John the
1663Ripper, and running it against user accounts located by the application. The larger the word and word
1664fragment selection, the more effective the dictionary attack is. The brute force method is the most
1665inclusive, although slow. It usually tries every possible letter and number combination in its
166644
1667IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1668automated exploration. If you would use both brute force and dictionary methods combined
1669together to have variation of words, what would you call such an attack?
1670A. Full Blown
1671B. Thorough
1672C. Hybrid
1673D. BruteDics
1674Answer: C
1675NO.173 A company is using Windows Server 2003 for its Active Directory (AD). What is the most
1676efficient way to crack the passwords for the AD users?
1677A. Perform a dictionary attack.
1678B. Perform a brute force attack.
1679C. Perform an attack with a rainbow table.
1680D. Perform a hybrid attack.
1681Answer: C
1682NO.174 Initiating an attack against targeted businesses and organizations, threat actors compromise
1683a carefully selected website by inserting an exploit resulting in malware infection. The attackers run
1684exploits on well-known and trusted sites likely to be visited by their targeted victims. Aside from
1685carefully choosing sites to compromise, these attacks are known to incorporate zero-day exploits that
1686target unpatched vulnerabilities. Thus, the targeted entities are left with little or no defense against
1687these exploits.
1688What type of attack is outlined in the scenario?
1689A. Watering Hole Attack
1690B. Heartbleed Attack
1691C. Shellshock Attack
1692D. Spear Phising Attack
1693Answer: A
1694Explanation
1695Watering Hole is a computer attack strategy, in which the victim is a particular group (organization,
1696industry, or region). In this attack, the attacker guesses or observes which websites the group often
1697uses and infects one or more of them with malware. Eventually, some member of the targeted group
1698gets infected.
1699NO.175 Nedved is an IT Security Manager of a bank in his country. One day. he found out that there
1700is a security breach to his company's email server based on analysis of a suspicious connection from
1701the email server to an unknown IP Address.
1702What is the first thing that Nedved needs to do before contacting the incident response team?
1703A. Leave it as it Is and contact the incident response te3m right away
1704B. Block the connection to the suspicious IP Address from the firewall
1705C. Disconnect the email server from the network
1706D. Migrate the connection to the backup email server
1707Answer: C
170845
1709IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1710NO.176 A tester has been using the msadc.pl attack script to execute arbitrary commands on a
1711Windows NT4 web server. While it is effective, the tester finds it tedious to perform extended
1712functions. On further research, the tester come across a perl script that runs the following msadc
1713functions:
1714Which exploit is indicated by this script?
1715A. A buffer overflow exploit
1716B. A chained exploit
1717C. A SQL injection exploit
1718D. A denial of service exploit
1719Answer: B
1720NO.177 From the two screenshots below, which of the following is occurring?
1721A. 10.0.0.253 is performing an IP scan against 10.0.0.0/24, 10.0.0.252 is performing a port scan
172246
1723IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1724against
172510.0.0.2.
1726B. 10.0.0.253 is performing an IP scan against 10.0.0.2, 10.0.0.252 is performing a port scan against
172710.0.0.2.
1728C. 10.0.0.2 is performing an IP scan against 10.0.0.0/24, 10.0.0.252 is performing a port scan against
172910.0.0.2.
1730D. 10.0.0.252 is performing an IP scan against 10.0.0.2, 10.0.0.252 is performing a port scan against
173110.0.0.2.
1732Answer: A
1733NO.178 What tool can crack Windows SMB passwords simply by listening to network traffic?
1734A. This is not possible
1735B. Netbus
1736C. NTFSDOS
1737D. L0phtcrack
1738Answer: D
1739NO.179 What is the difference between the AES and RSA algorithms?
1740A. Both are asymmetric algorithms, but RSA uses 1024-bit keys.
1741B. RSA is asymmetric, which is used to create a public/private key pair; AES is symmetric, which is
1742used to encrypt data.
1743C. Both are symmetric algorithms, but AES uses 256-bit keys.
1744D. AES is asymmetric, which is used to create a public/private key pair; RSA is symmetric, which is
1745used to encrypt data.
1746Answer: B
1747NO.180 What port number is used by LDAP protocol?
1748A. 110
1749B. 389
1750C. 464
1751D. 445
1752Answer: B
1753NO.181 Which of the following types of jailbreaking allows user-level access but does not allow
1754iboot-level access?
1755A. Bootrom Exploit
1756B. iBoot Exploit
1757C. Sandbox Exploit
1758D. Userland Exploit
1759Answer: D
1760NO.182 Jack was attempting to fingerprint all machines in the network using the following Nmap
1761syntax:
1762invictus@victim_server:~$ nmap -T4 -0 10.10.0.0/24
176347
1764IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1765TCP/IP fingerprinting (for OS scan) xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx. QUITTING!
1766Obviously, it is not going through. What is the issue here?
1767A. OS Scan requires root privileges
1768B. The nmap syntax is wrong.
1769C. The outgoing TCP/IP fingerprinting is blocked by the host firewall
1770D. This is a common behavior for a corrupted nmap application
1771Answer: A
1772NO.183 What did the following commands determine?
1773A. That the Joe account has a SID of 500
1774B. These commands demonstrate that the guest account has NOT been disabled
1775C. These commands demonstrate that the guest account has been disabled
1776D. That the true administrator is Joe
1777E. Issued alone, these commands prove nothing
1778Answer: D
1779NO.184 Todd has been asked by the security officer to purchase a counter-based authentication
1780system. Which of the following best describes this type of system?
1781A. A biometric system that bases authentication decisions on behavioral attributes.
1782B. A biometric system that bases authentication decisions on physical attributes.
1783C. An authentication system that creates one-time passwords that are encrypted with secret keys.
1784D. An authentication system that uses passphrases that are converted into virtual passwords.
1785Answer: C
1786NO.185 WPA2 uses AES for wireless data encryption at which of the following encryption levels?
1787A. 64 bit and CCMP
1788B. 128 bit and CRC
1789C. 128 bit and CCMP
1790D. 128 bit and TKIP
1791Answer: C
1792NO.186 While examining audit logs, you discover that people are able to telnet into the SMTP server
1793on port 25. You would like to block this, though you do not see any evidence of an attack or other
1794wrong doing. However, you are concerned about affecting the normal functionality of the email
1795server. From the following options choose how best you can achieve this objective?
1796A. Block port 25 at the firewall.
1797B. Shut off the SMTP service on the server.
1798C. Force all connections to use a username and password.
1799D. Switch from Windows Exchange to UNIX Sendmail.
180048
1801IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1802E. None of the above.
1803Answer: E
1804NO.187 You are programming a buffer overflow exploit and you want to create a NOP sled of 200
1805bytes in the program exploit.c
1806What is the hexadecimal value of NOP instruction?
1807A. 0x60
1808B. 0x80
1809C. 0x70
1810D. 0x90
1811Answer: D
1812NO.188 A virus that attempts to install itself inside the file it is infecting is called?
1813A. Tunneling virus
1814B. Cavity virus
1815C. Polymorphic virus
1816D. Stealth virus
1817Answer: B
1818NO.189 Which NMAP command combination would let a tester scan every TCP port from a class C
1819network that is blocking ICMP with fingerprinting and service detection?
1820A. NMAP -PN -A -O -sS 192.168.2.0/24
1821B. NMAP -P0 -A -O -p1-65535 192.168.0/24
1822C. NMAP -P0 -A -sT -p0-65535 192.168.0/16
1823D. NMAP -PN -O -sS -p 1-1024 192.168.0/8
1824Answer: B
1825NO.190 Port scanning can be used as part of a technical assessment to determine network
1826vulnerabilities. The TCP XMAS scan is used to identify listening ports on the targeted system.
1827If a scanned port is open, what happens?
1828A. The port will ignore the packets.
1829B. The port will send an RST.
1830C. The port will send an ACK.
1831D. The port will send a SYN.
1832Answer: A
1833Explanation
1834An attacker uses a TCP XMAS scan to determine if ports are closed on the target machine. This scan
183549
1836IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1837type is accomplished by sending TCP segments with the all flags sent in the packet header, generating
1838packets that are illegal based on RFC 793. The RFC 793 expected behavior is that any TCP segment
1839with an out-of-state Flag sent to an open port is discarded, whereas segments with out-of-state flags
1840sent to closed ports should be handled with a RST in response. This behavior should allow an attacker
1841to scan for closed ports by sending certain types of rule-breaking packets (out of sync or disallowed
1842by the TCB) and detect closed ports via RST packets.
1843References: https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/303.html
1844NO.191 Which type of security feature stops vehicles from crashing through the doors of a building?
1845A. Turnstile
1846B. Bollards
1847C. Mantrap
1848D. Receptionist
1849Answer: B
1850NO.192 Which of the following programs is usually targeted at Microsoft Office products?
1851A. Polymorphic virus
1852B. Multipart virus
1853C. Macro virus
1854D. Stealth virus
1855Answer: C
1856Explanation
1857A macro virus is a virus that is written in a macro language: a programming language which is
1858embedded inside a software application (e.g., word processors and spreadsheet applications). Some
1859applications, such as Microsoft Office, allow macro programs to be embedded in documents such
1860that the macros are run automatically when the document is opened, and this provides a distinct
1861mechanism by which malicious computer instructions can spread.
1862References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macro_virus
1863NO.193 An engineer is learning to write exploits in C++ and is using the exploit tool Backtrack. The
1864engineer wants to compile the newest C++ exploit and name it calc.exe. Which command would the
1865engineer use to accomplish this?
1866A. g++ hackersExploit.cpp -o calc.exe
1867B. g++ hackersExploit.py -o calc.exe
1868C. g++ -i hackersExploit.pl -o calc.exe
1869D. g++ --compile -i hackersExploit.cpp -o calc.exe
1870Answer: A
1871NO.194 An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) has alerted the network administrator to a possibly
1872malicious sequence of packets sent to a Web server in the network's external DMZ. The packet traffic
1873was captured by the IDS and saved to a PCAP file.
1874What type of network tool can be used to determine if these packets are genuinely malicious or
1875simply a false positive?
1876A. Protocol analyzer
187750
1878IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1879B. Intrusion Prevention System (IPS)
1880C. Network sniffer
1881D. Vulnerability scanner
1882Answer: A
1883Explanation
1884A packet analyzer (also known as a network analyzer, protocol analyzer or packet sniffer-or, for
1885particular types of networks, an Ethernet sniffer or wireless sniffer) is a computer program or piece of
1886computer hardware that can intercept and log traffic that passes over a digital network or part of a
1887network. A packet analyzer can analyze packet traffic saved in a PCAP file.
1888References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packet_analyzer
1889NO.195 A server has been infected by a certain type of Trojan. The hacker intended to utilize it to
1890send and host junk mails. What type of Trojan did the hacker use?
1891A. Turtle Trojans
1892B. Ransomware Trojans
1893C. Botnet Trojan
1894D. Banking Trojans
1895Answer: C
1896NO.196 The security administrator of ABC needs to permit Internet traffic in the host 10.0.0.2 and
1897UDP traffic in the host 10.0.0.3. Also he needs to permit all FTP traffic to the rest of the network and
1898deny all other traffic. After he applied his ACL configuration in the router nobody can access to the
1899ftp and the permitted hosts cannot access to the Internet. According to the next configuration what
1900is happening in the network?
1901A. The ACL 110 needs to be changed to port 80
1902B. The ACL for FTP must be before the ACL 110
1903C. The first ACL is denying all TCP traffic and the other ACLs are being ignored by the router
1904D. The ACL 104 needs to be first because is UDP
1905Answer: C
1906NO.197 What results will the following command yield: 'NMAP -sS -O -p 123-153 192.168.100.3'?
1907A. A stealth scan, opening port 123 and 153
1908B. A stealth scan, checking open ports 123 to 153
1909C. A stealth scan, checking all open ports excluding ports 123 to 153
1910D. A stealth scan, determine operating system, and scanning ports 123 to 153
1911Answer: D
1912NO.198 What does a type 3 code 13 represent? (Choose two.)
1913A. Echo request
1914B. Destination unreachable
191551
1916IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1917C. Network unreachable
1918D. Administratively prohibited
1919E. Port unreachable
1920F. Time exceeded
1921Answer: B D
1922NO.199 Which access control mechanism allows for multiple systems to use a central authentication
1923server (CAS) that permits users to authenticate once and gain access to multiple systems?
1924A. Role Based Access Control (RBAC)
1925B. Discretionary Access Control (DAC)
1926C. Windows authentication
1927D. Single sign-on
1928Answer: D
1929NO.200 A hacker is attempting to see which ports have been left open on a network. Which NMAP
1930switch would the hacker use?
1931A. -sO
1932B. -sP
1933C. -sS
1934D. -sU
1935Answer: A
1936NO.201 The following is a sample of output from a penetration tester's machine targeting a machine
1937with the IP address of 192.168.1.106:
1938What is most likely taking place?
1939A. Ping sweep of the 192.168.1.106 network
1940B. Remote service brute force attempt
1941C. Port scan of 192.168.1.106
1942D. Denial of service attack on 192.168.1.106
1943Answer: B
1944NO.202 Company XYZ has asked you to assess the security of their perimeter email gateway. From
1945your office in New York, you craft a specially formatted email message and send it across the Internet
1946to an employee of Company XYZ. The employee of Company XYZ is aware of your test.
1947Your email message looks like this:
1948From: jim_miller@companyxyz.com
1949To: michelle_saunders@companyxyz.com
195052
1951IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1952Subject: Test message
1953Date: 4/3/2017 14:37
1954The employee of Company XYZ receives your email message. This proves that Company XYZ's email
1955gateway doesn't prevent what?
1956A. Email Phishing
1957B. Email Masquerading
1958C. Email Spoofing
1959D. Email Harvesting
1960Answer: C
1961NO.203 Which of the following LM hashes represent a password of less than 8 characters? (Choose
1962two.)
1963A. BA810DBA98995F1817306D272A9441BB
1964B. 44EFCE164AB921CQAAD3B435B51404EE
1965C. 0182BD0BD4444BF836077A718CCDF409
1966D. CEC52EB9C8E3455DC2265B23734E0DAC
1967E. B757BF5C0D87772FAAD3B435B51404EE
1968F. E52CAC67419A9A224A3B108F3FA6CB6D
1969Answer: B E
1970NO.204 A software tester is randomly generating invalid inputs in an attempt to crash the program.
1971Which of the following is a software testing technique used to determine if a software program
1972properly handles a wide range of invalid input?
1973A. Mutating
1974B. Randomizing
1975C. Fuzzing
1976D. Bounding
1977Answer: C
1978NO.205 SOAP services use which technology to format information?
1979A. SATA
1980B. PCI
1981C. XML
1982D. ISDN
1983Answer: C
1984NO.206 Which type of sniffing technique is generally referred as MiTM attack?
198553
1986IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
1987A. Password Sniffing
1988B. ARP Poisoning
1989C. Mac Flooding
1990D. DHCP Sniffing
1991Answer: B
1992NO.207 When security and confidentiality of data within the same LAN is of utmost priority, which
1993IPSec mode should you implement?
1994A. AH Tunnel mode
1995B. AH promiscuous
1996C. ESP transport mode
1997D. ESP confidential
1998Answer: C
1999NO.208 You're doing an internal security audit and you want to find out what ports are open on all
2000the servers. What is the best way to find out?
2001A. Scan servers with Nmap
2002B. Physically go to each server
2003C. Scan servers with MBSA
2004D. Telent to every port on each server
2005Answer: A
2006NO.209 Session splicing is an IDS evasion technique in which an attacker delivers data in multiple,
2007smallsized packets to the target computer, making it very difficult for an IDS to detect the attack
200854
2009IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2010signatures.
2011Which tool can be used to perform session splicing attacks?
2012A. Whisker
2013B. tcpsplice
2014C. Burp
2015D. Hydra
2016Answer: A
2017Explanation
2018One basic technique is to split the attack payload into multiple small packets, so that the IDS must
2019reassemble the packet stream to detect the attack. A simple way of splitting packets is by
2020fragmenting them, but an adversary can also simply craft packets with small payloads. The 'whisker'
2021evasion tool calls crafting packets with small payloads 'session splicing'.
2022References:
2023https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrusion_detection_system_evasion_techniques#Fragmentation_and
2024_small_packet
2025NO.210 A penetration tester was hired to perform a penetration test for a bank. The tester began
2026searching for IP ranges owned by the bank, performing lookups on the bank's DNS servers, reading
2027news articles online about the bank, watching what times the bank employees come into work and
2028leave from work, searching the bank's job postings (paying special attention to IT related jobs), and
2029visiting the local dumpster for the bank's corporate office. What phase of the penetration test is the
2030tester currently in?
2031A. Information reporting
2032B. Vulnerability assessment
2033C. Active information gathering
2034D. Passive information gathering
2035Answer: D
2036NO.211 Advanced encryption standard is an algorithm used for which of the following?
2037A. Data integrity
2038B. Key discovery
2039C. Bulk data encryption
2040D. Key recovery
2041Answer: C
2042NO.212 Which of the following tools can be used to perform a zone transfer?
2043A. NSLookup
2044B. Finger
2045C. Dig
2046D. Sam Spade
2047E. Host
2048F. Netcat
2049G. Neotrace
205055
2051IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2052Answer: A C D E
2053NO.213 By using a smart card and pin, you are using a two-factor authentication that satisfies
2054A. Something you know and something you are
2055B. Something you have and something you know
2056C. Something you have and something you are
2057D. Something you are and something you remember
2058Answer: B
2059NO.214 Your business has decided to add credit card numbers to the data it backs up to tape. Which
2060of the following represents the best practice your business should observe?
2061A. Hire a security consultant to provide direction.
2062B. Do not back up cither the credit card numbers or then hashes.
2063C. Back up the hashes of the credit card numbers not the actual credit card numbers.
2064D. Encrypt backup tapes that are sent off-site.
2065Answer: A
2066NO.215 You are performing a penetration test. You achieved access via a buffer overflow exploit and
2067you proceed to find interesting data, such as files with usernames and passwords. You find a hidden
2068folder that has the administrator's bank account password and login information for the
2069administrator's bitcoin account.
2070What should you do?
2071A. Report immediately to the administrator
2072B. Do not report it and continue the penetration test.
2073C. Transfer money from the administrator's account to another account.
2074D. Do not transfer the money but steal the bitcoins.
2075Answer: A
2076NO.216 A company's policy requires employees to perform file transfers using protocols which
2077encrypt traffic. You suspect some employees are still performing file transfers using unencrypted
2078protocols because the employees do not like changes. You have positioned a network sniffer to
2079capture traffic from the laptops used by employees in the data ingest department. Using Wire shark
2080to examine the captured traffic, which command can be used as a display filter to find unencrypted
2081file transfers?
2082A. tcp.port != 21
2083B. tcp.port = 23
2084C. tcp.port ==21
2085D. tcp.port ==21 || tcp.port ==22
2086Answer: D
2087NO.217 Some clients of TPNQM SA were redirected to a malicious site when they tried to access the
2088TPNQM main site. Bob, a system administrator at TPNQM SA, found that they were victims of DNS
2089Cache Poisoning.
2090What should Bob recommend to deal with such a threat?
209156
2092IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2093A. The use of security agents in clients' computers
2094B. The use of DNSSEC
2095C. The use of double-factor authentication
2096D. Client awareness
2097Answer: B
2098NO.218 During a security audit of IT processes, an IS auditor found that there were no documented
2099security procedures. What should the IS auditor do?
2100A. Identify and evaluate existing practices
2101B. Create a procedures document
2102C. Conduct compliance testing
2103D. Terminate the audit
2104Answer: A
2105Explanation
2106The auditor should first evaluated existing policies and practices to identify problem areas and
2107opportunities.
2108NO.219 A company's Web development team has become aware of a certain type of security
2109vulnerability in their Web software. To mitigate the possibility of this vulnerability being exploited,
2110the team wants to modify the software requirements to disallow users from entering HTML as input
2111into their Web application.
2112What kind of Web application vulnerability likely exists in their software?
2113A. Cross-site scripting vulnerability
2114B. Cross-site Request Forgery vulnerability
2115C. SQL injection vulnerability
2116D. Web site defacement vulnerability
2117Answer: A
2118Explanation
2119Many operators of particular web applications (e.g. forums and webmail) allow users to utilize a
2120limited subset of HTML markup. When accepting HTML input from users (say, <b>very</b> large),
2121output encoding (such as &lt;b&gt;very&lt;/b&gt; large) will not suffice since the user input needs to
2122be rendered as HTML by the browser (so it shows as "very large", instead of "<b>very</b> large").
2123Stopping an XSS attack when accepting HTML input from users is much more complex in this
2124situation. Untrusted HTML input must be run through an HTML sanitization engine to ensure that it
2125does not contain cross-site scripting code.
2126References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-
2127site_scripting#Safely_validating_untrusted_HTML_input
2128NO.220 Which of the following defines the role of a root Certificate Authority (CA) in a Public Key
2129Infrastructure (PKI)?
2130A. The root CA is the recovery agent used to encrypt data when a user's certificate is lost.
2131B. The root CA stores the user's hash value for safekeeping.
2132C. The CA is the trusted root that issues certificates.
2133D. The root CA is used to encrypt email messages to prevent unintended disclosure of data.
213457
2135IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2136Answer: C
2137NO.221 Which service in a PKI will vouch for the identity of an individual or company?
2138A. KDC
2139B. CA
2140C. CR
2141D. CBC
2142Answer: B
2143NO.222 It is a vulnerability in GNU's bash shell, discovered in September of 2014, that gives
2144attackers access to run remote commands on a vulnerable system. The malicious software can take
2145control of an infected machine, launch denial-of-service attacks to disrupt websites, and scan for
2146other vulnerable devices (including routers).
2147Which of the following vulnerabilities is being described?
2148A. Shellshock
2149B. Rootshock
2150C. Rootshell
2151D. Shellbash
2152Answer: A
2153Explanation
2154Shellshock, also known as Bashdoor, is a family of security bugs in the widely used Unix Bash shell,
2155the first of which was disclosed on 24 September 2014.
2156References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shellshock_(software_bug)
2157NO.223 What is the term coined for logging, recording and resolving events in a company?
2158A. Internal Procedure
2159B. Security Policy
2160C. Incident Management Process
2161D. Metrics
2162Answer: C
2163NO.224 Windows file servers commonly hold sensitive files, databases, passwords and more. Which
2164of the following choices would be a common vulnerability that usually exposes them?
2165A. Cross-site scripting
2166B. SQL injection
2167C. Missing patches
2168D. CRLF injection
2169Answer: C
2170NO.225 Study the following log extract and identify the attack.
217158
2172IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2173A. Hexcode Attack
2174B. Cross Site Scripting
2175C. Multiple Domain Traversal Attack
2176D. Unicode Directory Traversal Attack
2177Answer: D
2178NO.226 Password cracking programs reverse the hashing process to recover passwords.
2179(True/False.)
218059
2181IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2182A. True
2183B. False
2184Answer:B
2185NO.227 What does a firewall check to prevent particular ports and applications from getting packets
2186into an organization?
2187A. Transport layer port numbers and application layer headers
2188B. Presentation layer headers and the session layer port numbers
2189C. Network layer headers and the session layer port numbers
2190D. Application layer port numbers and the transport layer headers
2191Answer: A
2192Explanation
2193Newer firewalls can filter traffic based on many packet attributes like source IP address, source port,
2194destination IP address or transport layer port, destination service like WWW or FTP. They can filter
2195based on protocols, TTL values, netblock of originator, of the source, and many other attributes.
2196Application layer firewalls are responsible for filtering at 3, 4, 5, 7 layer. Because they analyze the
2197application layer headers, most firewall control and filtering is performed actually in the software.
2198References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firewall_(computing)#Network_layer_or_packet_filters
2199http://howdoesinternetwork.com/2012/application-layer-firewalls
2200NO.228 While reviewing the result of scanning run against a target network you come across the
2201following:
2202Which among the following can be used to get this output?
2203A. A Bo2k system query.
2204B. nmap protocol scan
2205C. A sniffer
2206D. An SNMP walk
2207Answer: D
2208NO.229 _________ is a tool that can hide processes from the process list, can hide files, registry
2209entries, and intercept keystrokes.
221060
2211IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2212A. Trojan
2213B. RootKit
2214C. DoS tool
2215D. Scanner
2216E. Backdoor
2217Answer: B
2218NO.230 Which of the following is a client-server tool utilized to evade firewall inspection?
2219A. tcp-over-dns
2220B. kismet
2221C. nikto
2222D. hping
2223Answer: A
2224NO.231 Which of the following scanning tools is specifically designed to find potential exploits in
2225Microsoft Windows products?
2226A. Microsoft Security Baseline Analyzer
2227B. Retina
2228C. Core Impact
2229D. Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer
2230Answer: D
2231NO.232 Which set of access control solutions implements two-factor authentication?
2232A. USB token and PIN
2233B. Fingerprint scanner and retina scanner
2234C. Password and PIN
2235D. Account and password
2236Answer: A
2237NO.233 An attacker is using nmap to do a ping sweep and a port scanning in a subnet of 254
2238addresses.
2239In which order should he perform these steps?
2240A. The sequence does not matter. Both steps have to be performed against all hosts.
2241B. First the port scan to identify interesting services and then the ping sweep to find hosts
2242responding to icmp echo requests.
2243C. First the ping sweep to identify live hosts and then the port scan on the live hosts. This way he
2244saves time.
2245D. The port scan alone is adequate. This way he saves time.
2246Answer: C
2247NO.234 Which type of intrusion detection system can monitor and alert on attacks, but cannot stop
2248them?
2249A. Detective
225061
2251IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2252B. Passive
2253C. Intuitive
2254D. Reactive
2255Answer: B
2256NO.235 In the field of cryptanalysis, what is meant by a "rubber-hose" attack?
2257A. Attempting to decrypt cipher text by making logical assumptions about the contents of the original
2258plain text.
2259B. Extraction of cryptographic secrets through coercion or torture.
2260C. Forcing the targeted key stream through a hardware-accelerated device such as an ASIC.
2261D. A backdoor placed into a cryptographic algorithm by its creator.
2262Answer: B
2263NO.236 An attacker has been successfully modifying the purchase price of items purchased on the
2264company's web site.
2265The security administrators verify the web server and Oracle database have not been compromised
2266directly.
2267They have also verified the Intrusion Detection System (IDS) logs and found no attacks that could
2268have caused this. What is the mostly likely way the attacker has been able to modify the purchase
2269price?
2270A. By using SQL injection
2271B. By changing hidden form values
2272C. By using cross site scripting
2273D. By utilizing a buffer overflow attack
2274Answer: B
2275NO.237 Which of the following is an extremely common IDS evasion technique in the web world?
2276A. unicode characters
2277B. spyware
2278C. port knocking
2279D. subnetting
2280Answer: A
2281Explanation
2282Unicode attacks can be effective against applications that understand it. Unicode is the international
2283standard whose goal is to represent every character needed by every written human language as a
2284single integer number. What is known as Unicode evasion should more correctly be referenced as
2285UTF-8 evasion. Unicode characters are normally represented with two bytes, but this is impractical in
2286real life.
2287One aspect of UTF-8 encoding causes problems: non-Unicode characters can be represented
2288encoded. What is worse is multiple representations of each character can exist. Non-Unicode
2289character encodings are known as overlong characters, and may be signs of attempted attack.
2290References:
2291http://books.gigatux.nl/mirror/apachesecurity/0596007248/apachesc-chp-10-sect-8.html
229262
2293IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2294NO.238 The configuration allows a wired or wireless network interface controller to pass all traffic it
2295receives to the central processing unit (CPU), rather than passing only the frames that the controller
2296is intended to receive.
2297Which of the following is being described?
2298A. promiscuous mode
2299B. port forwarding
2300C. multi-cast mode
2301D. WEM
2302Answer: A
2303Explanation
2304Promiscuous mode refers to the special mode of Ethernet hardware, in particular network interface
2305cards (NICs), that allows a NIC to receive all traffic on the network, even if it is not addressed to this
2306NIC. By default, a NIC ignores all traffic that is not addressed to it, which is done by comparing the
2307destination address of the Ethernet packet with the hardware address (a.k.a. MAC) of the device.
2308While this makes perfect sense for networking, non-promiscuous mode makes it difficult to use
2309network monitoring and analysis software for diagnosing connectivity issues or traffic accounting.
2310References: https://www.tamos.com/htmlhelp/monitoring/
2311NO.239 Bob, a system administrator at TPNQM SA, concluded one day that a DMZ is not needed if
2312he properly configures the firewall to allow access just to servers/ports, which can have direct
2313internet access, and block the access to workstations.
2314Bob also concluded that DMZ makes sense just when a stateful firewall is available, which is not the
2315case of TPNQM SA.
2316In this context, what can you say?
2317A. Bob can be right since DMZ does not make sense when combined with stateless firewalls
2318B. Bob is partially right. He does not need to separate networks if he can create rules by destination
2319IPs, one by one
2320C. Bob is totally wrong. DMZ is always relevant when the company has internet servers and
2321workstations
2322D. Bob is partially right. DMZ does not make sense when a stateless firewall is available
2323Answer: C
2324NO.240 Which address translation scheme would allow a single public IP address to always
2325correspond to a single machine on an internal network, allowing "server publishing"?
2326A. Overloading Port Address Translation
2327B. Dynamic Port Address Translation
2328C. Dynamic Network Address Translation
2329D. Static Network Address Translation
2330Answer: D
2331NO.241 Which of the following is a passive wireless packet analyzer that works on Linux-based
2332systems?
2333A. Burp Suite
2334B. OpenVAS
233563
2336IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2337C. tshark
2338D. Kismet
2339Answer: D
2340NO.242 Which of the following is the greatest threat posed by backups?
2341A. A backup is the source of Malware or illicit information.
2342B. A backup is unavailable during disaster recovery.
2343C. A backup is incomplete because no verification was performed.
2344D. An un-encrypted backup can be misplaced or stolen.
2345Answer: D
2346Explanation
2347If the data written on the backup media is properly encrypted, it will be useless for anyone without
2348the key.
2349References:
2350http://resources.infosecinstitute.com/backup-media-encryption/
2351NO.243 Which Type of scan sends a packets with no flags set?
2352A. Open Scan
2353B. Null Scan
2354C. Xmas Scan
2355D. Half-Open Scan
2356Answer: B
2357NO.244 Ricardo wants to send secret messages to a competitor company. To secure these
2358messages, he uses a technique of hiding a secret message within an ordinary message. The technique
2359provides 'security through obscurity'.
2360What technique is Ricardo using?
2361A. Steganography
2362B. Public-key cryptography
2363C. RSA algorithm
2364D. Encryption
2365Answer: A
2366Explanation
2367Steganography is the practice of concealing a file, message, image, or video within another file,
2368message, image, or video.
2369References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steganography
2370NO.245 Employees in a company are no longer able to access Internet web sites on their computers.
2371The network administrator is able to successfully ping IP address of web servers on the Internet and
2372is able to open web sites by using an IP address in place of the URL. The administrator runs the
2373nslookup command for www.eccouncil.org and receives an error message stating there is no
2374response from the server. What should the administrator do next?
2375A. Configure the firewall to allow traffic on TCP ports 53 and UDP port 53.
2376B. Configure the firewall to allow traffic on TCP ports 80 and UDP port 443.
237764
2378IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2379C. Configure the firewall to allow traffic on TCP port 53.
2380D. Configure the firewall to allow traffic on TCP port 8080.
2381Answer: A
2382NO.246 Which of the following BEST describes the mechanism of a Boot Sector Virus?
2383A. Moves the MBR to another location on the hard disk and copies itself to the original location of
2384the MBR
2385B. Moves the MBR to another location on the RAM and copies itself to the original location of the
2386MBR
2387C. Overwrites the original MBR and only executes the new virus code
2388D. Modifies directory table entries so that directory entries point to the virus code instead of the
2389actual program
2390Answer: A
2391NO.247 You are looking for SQL injection vulnerability by sending a special character to web
2392applications. Which of the following is the most useful for quick validation?
2393A. Double quotation
2394B. Backslash
2395C. Semicolon
2396D. Single quotation
2397Answer: D
2398NO.248 Why should the security analyst disable/remove unnecessary ISAPI filters?
2399A. To defend against social engineering attacks
2400B. To defend against webserver attacks
2401C. To defend against jailbreaking
2402D. To defend against wireless attacks
2403Answer: B
2404NO.249 When a security analyst prepares for the formal security assessment - what of the following
2405should be done in order to determine inconsistencies in the secure assets database and verify that
2406system is compliant to the minimum security baseline?
2407A. Data items and vulnerability scanning
2408B. Interviewing employees and network engineers
2409C. Reviewing the firewalls configuration
2410D. Source code review
2411Answer: A
2412NO.250 It is a regulation that has a set of guidelines, which should be adhered to by anyone who
2413handles any electronic medical data. These guidelines stipulate that all medical practices must ensure
2414that all necessary measures are in place while saving, accessing, and sharing any electronic medical
2415data to keep patient data secure.
2416Which of the following regulations best matches the description?
241765
2418IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2419A. HIPAA
2420B. ISO/IEC 27002
2421C. COBIT
2422D. FISMA
2423Answer: A
2424Explanation
2425The HIPAA Privacy Rule regulates the use and disclosure of Protected Health Information (PHI) held
2426by
2427"covered entities" (generally, health care clearinghouses, employer sponsored health plans, health
2428insurers, and medical service providers that engage in certain transactions.)[15] By regulation, the
2429Department of Health and Human Services extended the HIPAA privacy rule to independent
2430contractors of covered entities who fit within the definition of "business associates".
2431References:
2432https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_Insurance_Portability_and_Accountability_Act#Privacy_Rule
2433NO.251 Cross-site request forgery involves:
2434A. A request sent by a malicious user from a browser to a server
2435B. Modification of a request by a proxy between client and server
2436C. A browser making a request to a server without the user's knowledge
2437D. A server making a request to another server without the user's knowledge
2438Answer: C
2439NO.252 Which regulation defines security and privacy controls for Federal information systems and
2440organizations?
2441A. NIST-800-53
2442B. PCI-DSS
2443C. EU Safe Harbor
2444D. HIPAA
2445Answer: A
2446Explanation
2447NIST Special Publication 800-53, "Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and
2448Organizations," provides a catalog of security controls for all U.S. federal information systems except
2449those related to national security.
2450References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NIST_Special_Publication_800-53
2451NO.253 An ethical hacker for a large security research firm performs penetration tests, vulnerability
2452tests, and risk assessments. A friend recently started a company and asks the hacker to perform a
2453penetration test and vulnerability assessment of the new company as a favor. What should the
2454hacker's next step be before starting work on this job?
2455A. Start by foot printing the network and mapping out a plan of attack.
2456B. Ask the employer for authorization to perform the work outside the company.
2457C. Begin the reconnaissance phase with passive information gathering and then move into active
2458information gathering.
2459D. Use social engineering techniques on the friend's employees to help identify areas that may be
246066
2461IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2462susceptible to attack.
2463Answer: B
2464NO.254 Chandler works as a pen-tester in an IT-firm in New York. As a part of detecting viruses in
2465the systems, he uses a detection method where the anti-virus executes the malicious codes on a
2466virtual machine to simulate CPU and memory activities.
2467Which type of virus detection method did Chandler use in this context?
2468A. Heuristic Analysis
2469B. Code Emulation
2470C. Integrity checking
2471D. Scanning
2472Answer: B
2473NO.255 Bob, your senior colleague, has sent you a mail regarding a deal with one of the clients. You
2474are requested to accept the offer and you oblige. After 2 days. Bob denies that he had ever sent a
2475mail. What do you want to
2476""know"" to prove yourself that it was Bob who had send a mail?
2477A. Authentication
2478B. Confidentiality
2479C. Integrity
2480D. Non-Repudiation
2481Answer: D
2482NO.256 Which type of scan is used on the eye to measure the layer of blood vessels?
2483A. Facial recognition scan
2484B. Retinal scan
2485C. Iris scan
2486D. Signature kinetics scan
2487Answer: B
2488NO.257 A new wireless client that is 802.11 compliant cannot connect to a wireless network given
2489that the client can see the network and it has compatible hardware and software installed. Upon
2490further tests and investigation, it was found out that the Wireless Access Point (WAP) was not
2491responding to the association requests being sent by the wireless client. What MOST likely is the
2492issue on this scenario?
2493A. The client cannot see the SSID of the wireless network
2494B. The WAP does not recognize the client's MAC address.
2495C. The wireless client is not configured to use DHCP.
2496D. Client is configured for the wrong channel
2497Answer: B
2498NO.258 Windows LAN Manager (LM) hashes are known to be weak.
2499Which of the following are known weaknesses of LM? (Choose three.)
2500A. Converts passwords to uppercase.
250167
2502IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2503B. Hashes are sent in clear text over the network.
2504C. Makes use of only 32-bit encryption.
2505D. Effective length is 7 characters.
2506Answer: A B D
2507NO.259 Which element of Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) verifies the applicant?
2508A. Certificate authority
2509B. Validation authority
2510C. Registration authority
2511D. Verification authority
2512Answer: C
2513NO.260 Which of the following algorithms can be used to guarantee the integrity of messages being
2514sent, in transit, or stored?
2515A. symmetric algorithms
2516B. asymmetric algorithms
2517C. hashing algorithms
2518D. integrity algorithms
2519Answer: C
2520NO.261 It is a widely used standard for message logging. It permits separation of the software that
2521generates messages, the system that stores them, and the software that reports and analyzes them.
2522This protocol is specifically designed for transporting event messages. Which of the following is being
2523described?
2524A. SNMP
2525B. ICMP
2526C. SYSLOG
2527D. SMS
2528Answer: C
2529NO.262 When tuning security alerts, what is the best approach?
2530A. Tune to avoid False positives and False Negatives
2531B. Rise False positives Rise False Negatives
2532C. Decrease the false positives
2533D. Decrease False negatives
2534Answer: A
2535NO.263 What is one of the advantages of using both symmetric and asymmetric cryptography in
2536SSL/TLS?
2537A. Symmetric algorithms such as AES provide a failsafe when asymmetric methods fail.
2538B. Asymmetric cryptography is computationally expensive in comparison. However, it is well-suited
2539to securely negotiate keys for use with symmetric cryptography.
2540C. Symmetric encryption allows the server to securely transmit the session keys out-of-band.
254168
2542IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2543D. Supporting both types of algorithms allows less-powerful devices such as mobile phones to use
2544symmetric encryption instead.
2545Answer: D
2546NO.264 A newly discovered flaw in a software application would be considered which kind of
2547security vulnerability?
2548A. Input validation flaw
2549B. HTTP header injection vulnerability
2550C. 0-day vulnerability
2551D. Time-to-check to time-to-use flaw
2552Answer: C
2553NO.265 When you are getting information about a web server, it is very important to know the HTTP
2554Methods (GET, POST, HEAD, PUT, DELETE, TRACE) that are available because there are two critical
2555methods (PUT and DELETE). PUT can upload a file to the server and DELETE can delete a file from the
2556server. You can detect all these methods (GET, POST, HEAD, PUT, DELETE, TRACE) using NMAP script
2557engine.
2558What nmap script will help you with this task?
2559A. http-methods
2560B. http enum
2561C. http-headers
2562D. http-git
2563Answer: A
2564Explanation
2565You can check HTTP method vulnerability using NMAP.
2566Example: #nmap -script=http-methods.nse 192.168.0.25
2567References:
2568http://solutionsatexperts.com/http-method-vulnerability-check-using-nmap/
2569NO.266 Which of the following options represents a conceptual characteristic of an anomaly-based
2570IDS over a signature-based IDS?
2571A. Produces less false positives
2572B. Can identify unknown attacks
2573C. Requires vendor updates for a new threat
2574D. Cannot deal with encrypted network traffic
2575Answer: B
2576NO.267 TCP/IP stack fingerprinting is the passive collection of configuration attributes from a
2577remote device during standard layer 4 network communications. Which of the following tools can be
2578used for passive OS fingerprinting?
2579A. nmap
2580B. ping
2581C. tracert
2582D. tcpdump
258369
2584IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2585Answer: D
2586NO.268 Which of the following is considered the best way to protect Personally Identifiable
2587Information (PII) from Web application vulnerabilities?
2588A. Use cryptographic storage to store all PII
2589B. Use encrypted communications protocols to transmit PII
2590C. Use full disk encryption on all hard drives to protect PII
2591D. Use a security token to log into all Web applications that use PII
2592Answer: A
2593Explanation
2594As a matter of good practice any PII should be protected with strong encryption.
2595References: https://cuit.columbia.edu/cuit/it-security-practices/handling-personally-identifying-
2596information
2597NO.269 What network security concept requires multiple layers of security controls to be placed
2598throughout an IT infrastructure, which improves the security posture of an organization to defend
2599against malicious attacks or potential vulnerabilities?
2600What kind of Web application vulnerability likely exists in their software?
2601A. Host-Based Intrusion Detection System
2602B. Security through obscurity
2603C. Defense in depth
2604D. Network-Based Intrusion Detection System
2605Answer: C
2606NO.270 Which of the following levels of algorithms does Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) use?
2607A. RSA 1024 bit strength
2608B. AES 1024 bit strength
2609C. RSA 512 bit strength
2610D. AES 512 bit strength
2611Answer: A
2612NO.271 A hacker is an intelligent individual with excellent computer skills and the ability to explore a
2613computer's software and hardware without the owner's permission. Their intention can either be to
2614simply gain knowledge or to illegally make changes. Which of the following class of hacker refers to
2615an individual who works both offensively and defensively at various times?
2616A. Suicide Hacker
2617B. Black Hat
2618C. White Hat
2619D. Gray Hat
2620Answer: D
2621NO.272 Fingerprinting VPN firewalls is possible with which of the following tools?
2622A. Angry IP
2623B. Nikto
262470
2625IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2626C. Ike-scan
2627D. Arp-scan
2628Answer: C
2629NO.273 What is a "Collision attack" in cryptography?
2630A. Collision attacks try to find two inputs producing the same hash.
2631B. Collision attacks try to break the hash into two parts, with the same bytes in each part to get the
2632private key.
2633C. Collision attacks try to get the public key.
2634D. Collision attacks try to break the hash into three parts to get the plaintext value.
2635Answer: A
2636Explanation
2637A Collision Attack is an attempt to find two input strings of a hash function that produce the same
2638hash result.
2639References: https://learncryptography.com/hash-functions/hash-collision-attack
2640NO.274 It is a short-range wireless communication technology intended to replace the cables
2641connecting portable of fixed devices while maintaining high levels of security. It allows mobile
2642phones, computers and other devices to connect and communicate using a short-range wireless
2643connection.
2644Which of the following terms best matches the definition?
2645A. Bluetooth
2646B. Radio-Frequency Identification
2647C. WLAN
2648D. InfraRed
2649Answer: A
2650Explanation
2651Bluetooth is a standard for the short-range wireless interconnection of mobile phones, computers,
2652and other electronic devices.
2653References:
2654http://www.bbc.co.uk/webwise/guides/about-bluetooth
2655NO.275 What is a NULL scan?
2656A. A scan in which all flags are turned off
2657B. A scan in which certain flags are off
2658C. A scan in which all flags are on
2659D. A scan in which the packet size is set to zero
2660E. A scan with an illegal packet size
2661Answer: A
2662NO.276 An attacker runs netcat tool to transfer a secret file between two hosts.
2663He is worried about information being sniffed on the network.
266471
2665IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2666How would the attacker use netcat to encrypt the information before transmitting onto the wire?
2667A. Machine A: netcat -l -p -s password 1234 < testfileMachine B: netcat <machine A IP> 1234
2668B. Machine A: netcat -l -e magickey -p 1234 < testfileMachine B: netcat <machine A IP> 1234
2669C. Machine A: netcat -l -p 1234 < testfile -pw passwordMachine B: netcat <machine A IP> 1234 -pw
2670password
2671D. Use cryptcat instead of netcat
2672Answer: D
2673NO.277 This phase will increase the odds of success in later phases of the penetration test. It is also
2674the very first step in Information Gathering, and it will tell you what the "landscape" looks like.
2675What is the most important phase of ethical hacking in which you need to spend a considerable
2676amount of time?
2677A. footprinting
2678B. network mapping
2679C. gaining access
2680D. escalating privileges
2681Answer: A
2682Explanation
2683Footprinting is a first step that a penetration tester used to evaluate the security of any IT
2684infrastructure, footprinting means to gather the maximum information about the computer system
2685or a network and about the devices that are attached to this network.
2686References:
2687http://www.ehacking.net/2011/02/footprinting-first-step-of-ethical.html
2688NO.278 In IPv6 what is the major difference concerning application layer vulnerabilities compared to
2689IPv4?
2690A. Implementing IPv4 security in a dual-stack network offers protection from IPv6 attacks too.
2691B. Vulnerabilities in the application layer are independent of the network layer. Attacks and
2692mitigation techniques are almost identical.
2693C. Due to the extensive security measures built in IPv6, application layer vulnerabilities need not be
2694addresses.
2695D. Vulnerabilities in the application layer are greatly different from IPv4.
2696Answer: B
2697NO.279 Pentest results indicate that voice over IP traffic is traversing a network. Which of the
2698following tools will decode a packet capture and extract the voice conversations?
2699A. Cain
2700B. John the Ripper
2701C. Nikto
2702D. Hping
2703Answer: A
2704NO.280 Which initial procedure should an ethical hacker perform after being brought into an
2705organization?
270672
2707IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2708A. Begin security testing.
2709B. Turn over deliverables.
2710C. Sign a formal contract with non-disclosure.
2711D. Assess what the organization is trying to protect.
2712Answer: C
2713NO.281 What is the main security service a cryptographic hash provides?
2714A. Integrity and ease of computation
2715B. Message authentication and collision resistance
2716C. Integrity and collision resistance
2717D. Integrity and computational in-feasibility
2718Answer: D
2719NO.282 A large company intends to use Blackberry for corporate mobile phones and a security
2720analyst is assigned to evaluate the possible threats. The analyst will use the Blackjacking attack
2721method to demonstrate how an attacker could circumvent perimeter defenses and gain access to the
2722corporate network. What tool should the analyst use to perform a Blackjacking attack?
2723A. Paros Proxy
2724B. BBProxy
2725C. BBCrack
2726D. Blooover
2727Answer: B
2728Explanation
2729Blackberry users warned of hacking tool threat.
2730Users have been warned that the security of Blackberry wireless e-mail devices is at risk due to the
2731availability this week of a new hacking tool. Secure Computing Corporation said businesses that have
2732installed Blackberry servers behind their gateway security devices could be vulnerable to a hacking
2733attack from a tool call BBProxy.
2734References:
2735http://www.computerweekly.com/news/2240062112/Technology-news-in-brief
2736NO.283 Which of the following is a vulnerability in GNU's bash shell (discovered in September of
27372014) that gives attackers access to run remote commands on a vulnerable system?
2738A. Shellshock
2739B. Rootshell
2740C. Rootshock
2741D. Shellbash
2742Answer: A
2743NO.284 You are working as a Security Analyst in a company XYZ that owns the whole subnet range
2744of 23.0.0.0/8 and
2745192.168.0.0/8.
2746While monitoring the data, you find a high number of outbound connections. You see that IP's owned
2747by XYZ (Internal) and private IP's are communicating to a Single Public IP. Therefore, the Internal IP's
274873
2749IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2750are sending data to the Public IP.
2751After further analysis, you find out that this Public IP is a blacklisted IP, and the internal
2752communicating devices are compromised.
2753What kind of attack does the above scenario depict?
2754A. Botnet Attack
2755B. Spear Phishing Attack
2756C. Advanced Persistent Threats
2757D. Rootkit Attack
2758Answer: A
2759NO.285 What is the least important information when you analyze a public IP address in a security
2760alert?
2761A. ARP
2762B. Whois
2763C. DNS
2764D. Geolocation
2765Answer: A
2766NO.286 How can telnet be used to fingerprint a web server?
2767A. telnet webserverAddress 80HEAD / HTTP/1.0
2768B. telnet webserverAddress 80PUT / HTTP/1.0
2769C. telnet webserverAddress 80HEAD / HTTP/2.0
2770D. telnet webserverAddress 80PUT / HTTP/2.0
2771Answer: A
2772NO.287 If a tester is attempting to ping a target that exists but receives no response or a response
2773that states the destination is unreachable, ICMP may be disabled and the network may be using TCP.
2774Which other option could the tester use to get a response from a host using TCP?
2775A. Hping
2776B. Traceroute
2777C. TCP ping
2778D. Broadcast ping
2779Answer: A
2780NO.288 Which of the following tools would be the best choice for achieving compliance with PCI
2781Requirement 11?
2782A. Truecrypt
2783B. Sub7
2784C. Nessus
2785D. Clamwin
2786Answer: C
2787NO.289 An attacker is trying to redirect the traffic of a small office. That office is using their own
278874
2789IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2790mail server, DNS server and NTP server because of the importance of their job. The attacker gains
2791access to the DNS server and redirects the direction www.google.com to his own IP address. Now
2792when the employees of the office want to go to Google they are being redirected to the attacker
2793machine. What is the name of this kind of attack?
2794A. ARP Poisoning
2795B. Smurf Attack
2796C. DNS spoofing
2797D. MAC Flooding
2798Answer: C
2799NO.290 After trying multiple exploits, you've gained root access to a Centos 6 server. To ensure you
2800maintain access, what would you do first?
2801A. Create User Account
2802B. Disable Key Services
2803C. Disable IPTables
2804D. Download and Install Netcat
2805Answer: A
2806NO.291 If an e-commerce site was put into a live environment and the programmers failed to
2807remove the secret entry point that was used during the application development, what is this secret
2808entry point known as?
2809A. SDLC process
2810B. Honey pot
2811C. SQL injection
2812D. Trap door
2813Answer: D
2814NO.292 The following is an entry captured by a network IDS. You are assigned the task of analyzing
2815this entry. You notice the value 0x90, which is the most common NOOP instruction for the Intel
2816processor. You figure that the attacker is attempting a buffer overflow attack.
2817You also notice "/bin/sh" in the ASCII part of the output.
2818As an analyst what would you conclude about the attack?
281975
2820IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2821A. The buffer overflow attack has been neutralized by the IDS
2822B. The attacker is creating a directory on the compromised machine
2823C. The attacker is attempting a buffer overflow attack and has succeeded
2824D. The attacker is attempting an exploit that launches a command-line shell
2825Answer: D
2826NO.293 Security and privacy of/on information systems are two entities that requires lawful
2827regulations. Which of the following regulations defines security and privacy controls for Federal
2828information systems and organizations?
2829A. NIST SP 800-53
2830B. PCI-DSS
2831C. EU Safe Harbor
2832D. HIPAA
2833Answer: A
2834NO.294 A circuit level gateway works at which of the following layers of the OSI Model?
2835A. Layer 5 - Application
2836B. Layer 4 - TCP
2837C. Layer 3 - Internet protocol
2838D. Layer 2 - Data link
2839Answer: B
2840NO.295 You need to deploy a new web-based software package for your organization. The package
2841requires three separate servers and needs to be available on the Internet. What is the recommended
2842architecture in terms of server placement?
284376
2844IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2845A. All three servers need to be placed internally
2846B. A web server facing the Internet, an application server on the internal network, a database server
2847on the internal network
2848C. A web server and the database server facing the Internet, an application server on the internal
2849network
2850D. All three servers need to face the Internet so that they can communicate between themselves
2851Answer: B
2852NO.296 What is the purpose of a demilitarized zone on a network?
2853A. To scan all traffic coming through the DMZ to the internal network
2854B. To only provide direct access to the nodes within the DMZ and protect the network behind it
2855C. To provide a place to put the honeypot
2856D. To contain the network devices you wish to protect
2857Answer: B
2858NO.297 Which of the following areas is considered a strength of symmetric key cryptography when
2859compared with asymmetric algorithms?
2860A. Scalability
2861B. Speed
2862C. Key distribution
2863D. Security
2864Answer: B
2865NO.298 A certified ethical hacker (CEH) completed a penetration test of the main headquarters of a
2866company almost two months ago, but has yet to get paid. The customer is suffering from financial
2867problems, and the CEH is worried that the company will go out of business and end up not paying.
2868What actions should the CEH take?
2869A. Threaten to publish the penetration test results if not paid.
2870B. Follow proper legal procedures against the company to request payment.
2871C. Tell other customers of the financial problems with payments from this company.
2872D. Exploit some of the vulnerabilities found on the company webserver to deface it.
2873Answer: B
2874NO.299 Which United States legislation mandates that the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and the
2875Chief Financial Officer (CFO) must sign statements verifying the completeness and accuracy of
2876financial reports?
2877A. Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX)
2878B. Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA)
2879C. Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act (FACTA)
2880D. Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA)
2881Answer: A
2882NO.300 Which of the following Nmap commands will produce the following output?
288377
2884Output:
2885IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2886A. nmap -sN -Ps -T4 192.168.1.1
2887B. nmap -sT -sX -Pn -p 1-65535 192.168.1.1
2888C. nmap -sS -Pn 192.168.1.1
2889D. nmap -sS -sU -Pn -p 1-65535 192.168.1.1
2890Answer: D
2891NO.301 Developers at your company are creating a web application which will be available for use
2892by anyone on the Internet, The developers have taken the approach of implementing a Three-Tier
2893Architecture for the web application. The developers are now asking you which network should the
2894Presentation Tier (front- end web server) be placed in?
2895A. isolated vlan network
2896B. Mesh network
2897C. DMZ network
2898D. Internal network
2899Answer: A
2900NO.302 A medium-sized healthcare IT business decides to implement a risk management strategy.
2901Which of the following is NOT one of the five basic responses to risk?
2902A. Delegate
290378
2904IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2905B. Avoid
2906C. Mitigate
2907D. Accept
2908Answer: A
2909Explanation
2910There are five main ways to manage risk: acceptance, avoidance, transference, mitigation or
2911exploitation.
2912References:
2913http://www.dbpmanagement.com/15/5-ways-to-manage-risk
2914NO.303 Which of the following provides a security professional with most information about the
2915system's security posture?
2916A. Wardriving, warchalking, social engineering
2917B. Social engineering, company site browsing, tailgating
2918C. Phishing, spamming, sending trojans
2919D. Port scanning, banner grabbing, service identification
2920Answer: D
2921NO.304 Which of the following steps for risk assessment methodology refers to vulnerability
2922identification?
2923A. Determines if any flaws exist in systems, policies, or procedures
2924B. Assigns values to risk probabilities; Impact values.
2925C. Determines risk probability that vulnerability will be exploited (High. Medium, Low)
2926D. Identifies sources of harm to an IT system. (Natural, Human. Environmental)
2927Answer: C
2928NO.305 The use of technologies like IPSec can help guarantee the following: authenticity, integrity,
2929confidentiality and
2930A. non-repudiation.
2931B. operability.
2932C. security.
2933D. usability.
2934Answer: A
2935NO.306 A zone file consists of which of the following Resource Records (RRs)?
2936A. DNS, NS, AXFR, and MX records
2937B. DNS, NS, PTR, and MX records
2938C. SOA, NS, AXFR, and MX records
2939D. SOA, NS, A, and MX records
2940Answer: D
2941NO.307 Which of the following is a hardware requirement that either an IDS/IPS system or a proxy
2942server must have in order to properly function?
294379
2944IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2945A. Fast processor to help with network traffic analysis
2946B. They must be dual-homed
2947C. Similar RAM requirements
2948D. Fast network interface cards
2949Answer: B
2950Explanation
2951Dual-homed or dual-homing can refer to either an Ethernet device that has more than one network
2952interface, for redundancy purposes, or in firewall technology, dual-homed is one of the firewall
2953architectures, such as an IDS/IPS system, for implementing preventive security.
2954References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual-homed
2955NO.308 Jimmy is standing outside a secure entrance to a facility. He is pretending to have a tense
2956conversation on his cell phone as an authorized employee badges in. Jimmy, while still on the phone,
2957grabs the door as it begins to close.
2958What just happened?
2959A. Phishing
2960B. Whaling
2961C. Tailgating
2962D. Masquerading
2963Answer: C
2964NO.309 Which of the following Nmap commands would be used to perform a stack fingerprinting?
2965A. Nmap -O -p80 <host(s.>
2966B. Nmap -hU -Q<host(s.>
2967C. Nmap -sT -p <host(s.>
2968D. Nmap -u -o -w2 <host>
2969E. Nmap -sS -0p targe
2970Answer: B
2971NO.310 An IT security engineer notices that the company's web server is currently being hacked.
2972What should the engineer do next?
2973A. Unplug the network connection on the company's web server.
2974B. Determine the origin of the attack and launch a counterattack.
2975C. Record as much information as possible from the attack.
2976D. Perform a system restart on the company's web server.
2977Answer: C
2978NO.311 Eric has discovered a fantastic package of tools named Dsniff on the Internet. He has learnt
2979to use these tools in his lab and is now ready for real world exploitation. He was able to effectively
2980intercept communications between the two entities and establish credentials with both sides of the
2981connections. The two remote ends of the communication never notice that Eric is relaying the
2982information between the two. What would you call this attack?
2983A. Interceptor
2984B. Man-in-the-middle
298580
2986IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
2987C. ARP Proxy
2988D. Poisoning Attack
2989Answer: B
2990NO.312 Which security control role does encryption meet?
2991A. Preventative
2992B. Detective
2993C. Offensive
2994D. Defensive
2995Answer: A
2996NO.313 Perspective clients want to see sample reports from previous penetration tests.
2997What should you do next?
2998A. Decline but, provide references.
2999B. Share full reports, not redacted.
3000C. Share full reports with redactions.
3001D. Share reports, after NDA is signed.
3002Answer: A
3003Explanation
3004Penetration tests data should not be disclosed to third parties.
3005NO.314 How is sniffing broadly categorized?
3006A. Active and passive
3007B. Broadcast and unicast
3008C. Unmanaged and managed
3009D. Filtered and unfiltered
3010Answer: A
3011NO.315 To send a PGP encrypted message, which piece of information from the recipient must the
3012sender have before encrypting the message?
3013A. Recipient's private key
3014B. Recipient's public key
3015C. Master encryption key
3016D. Sender's public key
3017Answer: B
3018NO.316 ViruXine.W32 virus hides their presence by changing the underlying executable code.
3019This Virus code mutates while keeping the original algorithm intact, the code changes itself each time
3020it runs, but the function of the code (its semantics) will not change at all.
302181
3022Here is a section of the Virus code:
3023IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3024What is this technique called?
3025A. Polymorphic Virus
3026B. Metamorphic Virus
302782
3028IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3029C. Dravidic Virus
3030D. Stealth Virus
3031Answer: A
3032NO.317 Shellshock had the potential for an unauthorized user to gain access to a server. It affected
3033many internet-facing services, which OS did it not directly affect?
3034A. Windows
3035B. Unix
3036C. Linux
3037D. OS X
3038Answer: A
3039NO.318 The Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) testing methodology addresses the
3040need to secure web applications by providing which one of the following services?
3041A. An extensible security framework named COBIT
3042B. A list of flaws and how to fix them
3043C. Web application patches
3044D. A security certification for hardened web applications
3045Answer: B
3046NO.319 Email is transmitted across the Internet using the Simple Mail Transport Protocol. SMTP
3047does not encrypt email, leaving the information in the message vulnerable to being read by an
3048unauthorized person. SMTP can upgrade a connection between two mail servers to use TLS. Email
3049transmitted by SMTP over TLS is encrypted. What is the name of the command used by SMTP to
3050transmit email over TLS?
3051A. OPPORTUNISTICTLS STARTTLS
3052B. FORCETLS
3053C. UPGRADETLS
3054Answer: B
3055NO.320 Which of the below hashing functions are not recommended for use?
3056A. SHA-1.ECC
3057B. MD5, SHA-1
3058C. SHA-2. SHA-3
3059D. MD5. SHA-5
3060Answer: A
3061NO.321 Which solution can be used to emulate computer services, such as mail and ftp, and to
3062capture information related to logins or actions?
3063A. Firewall
3064B. Honeypot
3065C. Core server
3066D. Layer 4 switch
306783
3068IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3069Answer: B
3070NO.322 An IT employee got a call from one of our best customers. The caller wanted to know about
3071the company's network infrastructure, systems, and team. New opportunities of integration are in
3072sight for both company and customer. What should this employee do?
3073A. Since the company's policy is all about Customer Service, he/she will provide information.
3074B. Disregarding the call, the employee should hang up.
3075C. The employee should not provide any information without previous management authorization.
3076D. The employees can not provide any information; but, anyway, he/she will provide the name of the
3077person in charge.
3078Answer: C
3079NO.323 Which of the following items is unique to the N-tier architecture method of designing
3080software applications?
3081A. Application layers can be separated, allowing each layer to be upgraded independently from other
3082layers.
3083B. It is compatible with various databases including Access, Oracle, and SQL.
3084C. Data security is tied into each layer and must be updated for all layers when any upgrade is
3085performed.
3086D. Application layers can be written in C, ASP.NET, or Delphi without any performance loss.
3087Answer: A
3088NO.324 This TCP flag instructs the sending system to transmit all buffered data immediately.
3089A. SYN
3090B. RST
3091C. PSH
3092D. URG
3093E. FIN
3094Answer: C
3095NO.325 Identify the UDP port that Network Time Protocol (NTP) uses as its primary means of
3096communication?
3097A. 123
3098B. 161
3099C. 69
3100D. 113
3101Answer: A
3102NO.326 A large mobile telephony and data network operator has a data that houses network
3103elements. These are essentially large computers running on Linux. The perimeter of the data center is
3104secured with firewalls and IPS systems. What is the best security policy concerning this setup?
3105A. Network elements must be hardened with user ids and strong passwords. Regular security tests
3106and audits should be performed.
310784
3108IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3109B. As long as the physical access to the network elements is restricted, there is no need for additional
3110measures.
3111C. There is no need for specific security measures on the network elements as long as firewalls and
3112IPS systems exist.
3113D. The operator knows that attacks and down time are inevitable and should have a backup site.
3114Answer: A
3115NO.327 Which of the following attacks exploits web age vulnerabilities that allow an attacker to
3116force an unsuspecting user's browser to send malicious requests they did not intend?
3117A. Command Injection Attacks
3118B. File Injection Attack
3119C. Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
3120D. Hidden Field Manipulation Attack
3121Answer: C
3122NO.328 The company ABC recently contracted a new accountant. The accountant will be working
3123with the financial statements. Those financial statements need to be approved by the CFO and then
3124they will be sent to the accountant but the CFO is worried because he wants to be sure that the
3125information sent to the accountant was not modified once he approved it. What of the following
3126options can be useful to ensure the integrity of the data?
3127A. The document can be sent to the accountant using an exclusive USB for that document.
3128B. The CFO can use a hash algorithm in the document once he approved the financial statements.
3129C. The financial statements can be sent twice, one by email and the other delivered in USB and the
3130accountant can compare both to be sure it is the same document.
3131D. The CFO can use an excel file with a password.
3132Answer: B
3133NO.329 The "black box testing" methodology enforces which kind of restriction?
3134A. Only the external operation of a system is accessible to the tester.
3135B. Only the internal operation of a system is known to the tester.
3136C. The internal operation of a system is only partly accessible to the tester.
3137D. The internal operation of a system is completely known to the tester.
3138Answer: A
3139Explanation
3140Black-box testing is a method of software testing that examines the functionality of an application
3141without peering into its internal structures or workings.
3142References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black-box_testing
3143NO.330 Which of the following statements is TRUE?
3144A. Sniffers operate on Layer 2 of the OSI model
3145B. Sniffers operate on Layer 3 of the OSI model
3146C. Sniffers operate on both Layer 2 & Layer 3 of the OSI model.
3147D. Sniffers operate on the Layer 1 of the OSI model.
314885
3149IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3150Answer: A
3151Explanation
3152The OSI layer 2 is where packet sniffers collect their data.
3153References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet_frame
3154NO.331 While performing data validation of web content, a security technician is required to restrict
3155malicious input.
3156Which of the following processes is an efficient way of restricting malicious input?
3157A. Validate web content input for query strings.
3158B. Validate web content input with scanning tools.
3159C. Validate web content input for type, length, and range.
3160D. Validate web content input for extraneous queries.
3161Answer: C
3162NO.332 A bank stores and processes sensitive privacy information related to home loans. However,
3163auditing has never been enabled on the system. What is the first step that the bank should take
3164before enabling the audit feature?
3165A. Perform a vulnerability scan of the system.
3166B. Determine the impact of enabling the audit feature.
3167C. Perform a cost/benefit analysis of the audit feature.
3168D. Allocate funds for staffing of audit log review.
3169Answer: B
3170NO.333 Firewalls are the software or hardware systems that are able to control and monitor the
3171traffic coming in and out the target network based on pre-defined set of rules.
3172Which of the following types of firewalls can protect against SQL injection attacks?
3173A. Data-driven firewall
3174B. Stateful firewall
3175C. Packet firewall
3176D. Web application firewall
3177Answer: D
3178NO.334 Which of these options is the most secure procedure for storing backup tapes?
3179A. In a climate controlled facility offsite
3180B. On a different floor in the same building
3181C. Inside the data center for faster retrieval in a fireproof safe
3182D. In a cool dry environment
3183Answer: A
3184Explanation
3185An effective disaster data recovery strategy should consist of producing backup tapes and housing
3186them in an offsite storage facility. This way the data isn't compromised if a natural disaster affects the
3187business' office. It is highly recommended that the backup tapes be handled properly and stored in a
3188secure, climate controlled facility. This provides peace of mind, and gives the business almost
3189immediate stability after a disaster.
319086
3191IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3192References:
3193http://www.entrustrm.com/blog/1132/why-is-offsite-tape-storage-the-best-disaster-recovery-
3194strategy
3195NO.335 Which of the following items of a computer system will an anti-virus program scan for
3196viruses?
3197A. Boot Sector
3198B. Deleted Files
3199C. Windows Process List
3200D. Password Protected Files
3201Answer: A
3202NO.336 When conducting a penetration test, it is crucial to use all means to get all available
3203information about the target network. One of the ways to do that is by sniffing the network. Which of
3204the following cannot be performed by the passive network sniffing?
3205A. Identifying operating systems, services, protocols and devices
3206B. Modifying and replaying captured network traffic
3207C. Collecting unencrypted information about usernames and passwords
3208D. Capturing a network traffic for further analysis
3209Answer: B
3210NO.337 Passive reconnaissance involves collecting information through which of the following?
3211A. Social engineering
3212B. Network traffic sniffing
3213C. Man in the middle attacks
3214D. Publicly accessible sources
3215Answer: D
3216NO.338 In cryptanalysis and computer security, 'pass the hash' is a hacking technique that allows an
3217attacker to authenticate to a remote server/service by using the underlying NTLM and/or LanMan
3218hash of a user's password, instead of requiring the associated plaintext password as is normally the
3219case.
3220Metasploit Framework has a module for this technique: psexec. The psexec module is often used by
3221penetration testers to obtain access to a given system that you already know the credentials for. It
3222was written by sysinternals and has been integrated within the framework. Often as penetration
3223testers, successfully gain access to a system through some exploit, use meterpreter to grab the
3224passwords or other methods like fgdump, pwdump, or cachedump and then utilize rainbowtables to
3225crack those hash values.
3226Which of the following is true hash type and sort order that is using in the psexec module's
3227'smbpass'?
3228A. NT:LM
3229B. LM:NT
3230C. LM:NTLM
3231D. NTLM:LM
323287
3233IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3234Answer: B
3235NO.339 Which of the following descriptions is true about a static NAT?
3236A. A static NAT uses a many-to-many mapping.
3237B. A static NAT uses a one-to-many mapping.
3238C. A static NAT uses a many-to-one mapping.
3239D. A static NAT uses a one-to-one mapping.
3240Answer: D
3241NO.340 Security Policy is a definition of what it means to be secure for a system, organization or
3242other entity. For Information Technologies, there are sub-policies like Computer Security Policy,
3243Information Protection Policy, Information Security Policy, network Security Policy, Physical Security
3244Policy, Remote Access Policy, and User Account Policy.
3245What is the main theme of the sub-policies for Information Technologies?
3246A. Availability, Non-repudiation, Confidentiality
3247B. Authenticity, Integrity, Non-repudiation
3248C. Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability
3249D. Authenticity, Confidentiality, Integrity
3250Answer: C
3251NO.341 What are two things that are possible when scanning UDP ports? (Choose two.)
3252A. A reset will be returned
3253B. An ICMP message will be returned
3254C. The four-way handshake will not be completed
3255D. An RFC 1294 message will be returned
3256E. Nothing
3257Answer: B E
3258NO.342 Based on the following extract from the log of a compromised machine, what is the hacker
3259really trying to steal?
3260A. har.txt
3261B. SAM file
3262C. wwwroot
3263D. Repair file
3264Answer: B
3265NO.343 The precaution of prohibiting employees from bringing personal computing devices into a
3266facility is what type of security control?
3267A. Physical
3268B. Procedural
3269C. Technical
3270D. Compliance
3271Answer: B
327288
3273IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3274NO.344 Steve, a scientist who works in a governmental security agency, developed a technological
3275solution to identify people based on walking patterns and implemented this approach to a physical
3276control access.
3277A camera captures people walking and identifies the individuals using Steve's approach.
3278After that, people must approximate their RFID badges. Both the identifications are required to open
3279the door.
3280In this case, we can say:
3281A. Although the approach has two phases, it actually implements just one authentication factor
3282B. The solution implements the two authentication factors: physical object and physical characteristi
3283c
3284C. The solution will have a high level of false positives
3285D. Biological motion cannot be used to identify people
3286Answer: B
3287NO.345 A pentester gains access to a Windows application server and needs to determine the
3288settings of the built-in Windows firewall. Which command would be used?
3289A. Netsh firewall show config
3290B. WMIC firewall show config
3291C. Net firewall show config
3292D. Ipconfig firewall show config
3293Answer: A
3294NO.346 You need a tool that can do network intrusion prevention and intrusion detection, function
3295as a network sniffer, and record network activity, what tool would you most likely select?
3296A. Nmap
3297B. Cain & Abel
3298C. Nessus
3299D. Snort
3300Answer: D
3301NO.347 The use of alert thresholding in an IDS can reduce the volume of repeated alerts, but
3302introduces which of the following vulnerabilities?
3303A. An attacker, working slowly enough, can evade detection by the IDS.
3304B. Network packets are dropped if the volume exceeds the threshold.
3305C. Thresholding interferes with the IDS' ability to reassemble fragmented packets.
3306D. The IDS will not distinguish among packets originating from different sources.
3307Answer: A
3308NO.348 Look at the following output. What did the hacker accomplish?
330989
3310IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3311A. The hacker used whois to gather publicly available records for the domain.
3312B. The hacker used the "fierce" tool to brute force the list of available domains.
3313C. The hacker listed DNS records on his own domain.
3314D. The hacker successfully transferred the zone and enumerated the hosts.
3315Answer: D
3316NO.349 What is the correct PCAP filter to capture all TCP traffic going to or from host 192.168.0.125
3317on port 25?
3318A. tcp.src == 25 and ip.host == 192.168.0.125
3319B. host 192.168.0.125:25
3320C. port 25 and host 192.168.0.125
3321D. tcp.port == 25 and ip.host == 192.168.0.125
3322Answer: D
3323NO.350 A network administrator discovers several unknown files in the root directory of his Linux
3324FTP server. One of the files is a tarball, two are shell script files, and the third is a binary file is named
3325"nc." The FTP server's access logs show that the anonymous user account logged in to the server,
3326uploaded the files, and extracted the contents of the tarball and ran the script using a function
3327provided by the FTP server's software. The ps command shows that the nc file is running as process,
332890
3329IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3330and the netstat command shows the nc process is listening on a network port.
3331What kind of vulnerability must be present to make this remote attack possible?
3332A. File system permissions
3333B. Privilege escalation
3334C. Directory traversal
3335D. Brute force login
3336Answer: A
3337Explanation
3338To upload files the user must have proper write file permissions.
3339References:
3340http://codex.wordpress.org/Hardening_WordPress
3341NO.351 You have compromised a server on a network and successfully opened a shell. You aimed to
3342identify all operating systems running on the network. However, as you attempt to fingerprint all
3343machines in the network using the nmap syntax below, it is not going through.
3344What seems to be wrong?
3345A. OS Scan requires root privileges.
3346B. The nmap syntax is wrong.
3347C. This is a common behavior for a corrupted nmap application.
3348D. The outgoing TCP/IP fingerprinting is blocked by the host firewall.
3349Answer: A
3350Explanation
3351You requested a scan type which requires root privileges.
3352References:
3353http://askubuntu.com/questions/433062/using-nmap-for-information-regarding-web-host
3354NO.352 A hacker is attempting to use nslookup to query Domain Name Service (DNS). The hacker
3355uses the nslookup interactive mode for the search. Which command should the hacker type into the
3356command shell to request the appropriate records?
3357A. Locate type=ns
3358B. Request type=ns
3359C. Set type=ns
3360D. Transfer type=ns
3361Answer: C
3362NO.353 Which of the following processes evaluates the adherence of an organization to its stated
3363security policy?
3364A. Vulnerability assessment
3365B. Penetration testing
3366C. Risk assessment
3367D. Security auditing
336891
3369IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3370Answer: D
3371NO.354 What is the main reason the use of a stored biometric is vulnerable to an attack?
3372A. The digital representation of the biometric might not be unique, even if the physical characteristic
3373is unique.
3374B. Authentication using a stored biometric compares a copy to a copy instead of the original to a
3375copy.
3376C. A stored biometric is no longer "something you are" and instead becomes "something you have".
3377D. A stored biometric can be stolen and used by an attacker to impersonate the individual identified
3378by the biometric.
3379Answer: D
3380NO.355 A computer science student needs to fill some information into a secured Adobe PDF job
3381application that was received from a prospective employer. Instead of requesting a new document
3382that allowed the forms to be completed, the student decides to write a script that pulls passwords
3383from a list of commonly used passwords to try against the secured PDF until the correct password is
3384found or the list is exhausted.
3385Which cryptography attack is the student attempting?
3386A. Man-in-the-middle attack
3387B. Brute-force attack
3388C. Dictionary attack
3389D. Session hijacking
3390Answer: C
3391NO.356 Which of the following is the best countermeasure to encrypting ransomwares?
3392A. Use multiple antivirus softwares
3393B. Keep some generation of off-line backup
3394C. Analyze the ransomware to get decryption key of encrypted data
3395D. Pay a ransom
3396Answer: B
3397NO.357 You have successfully compromised a machine on the network and found a server that is
3398alive on the same network. You tried to ping it but you didn't get any response back.
3399What is happening?
3400A. ICMP could be disabled on the target server.
3401B. The ARP is disabled on the target server.
3402C. TCP/IP doesn't support ICMP.
3403D. You need to run the ping command with root privileges.
3404Answer: A
3405Explanation
3406The ping utility is implemented using the ICMP "Echo request" and "Echo reply" messages.
3407Note: The Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is one of the main protocols of the internet
3408protocol suite. It is used by network devices, like routers, to send error messages indicating, for
3409example, that a requested service is not available or that a host or router could not be reached.
341092
3411IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3412References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Control_Message_Protocol
3413NO.358 Which tool is used to automate SQL injections and exploit a database by forcing a given web
3414application to connect to another database controlled by a hacker?
3415A. DataThief
3416B. NetCat
3417C. Cain and Abel
3418D. SQLInjector
3419Answer: A
3420NO.359 A security engineer is attempting to map a company's internal network. The engineer enters
3421in the following NMAP command:
3422NMAP -n -sS -P0 -p 80 ***.***.**.**
3423What type of scan is this?
3424A. Quick scan
3425B. Intense scan
3426C. Stealth scan
3427D. Comprehensive scan
3428Answer: C
3429NO.360 Which of the following is an example of an asymmetric encryption implementation?
3430A. SHA1
3431B. PGP
3432C. 3DES
3433D. MD5
3434Answer: B
3435NO.361 Which of the following is the BEST way to protect Personally Identifiable Information (PII)
3436from being exploited due to vulnerabilities of varying web applications?
3437A. Use cryptographic storage to store all PII
3438B. Use full disk encryption on all hard drives to protect PII
3439C. Use encrypted communications protocols to transmit PII
3440D. Use a security token to log into all Web applications that use PII
3441Answer: C
3442NO.362 Trinity needs to scan all hosts on a /16 network for TCP port 445 only. What is the fastest
3443way she can accomplish this with Nmap? Stealth is not a concern.
3444A. nmap -sn -sF 10.1.0.0/16 445
3445B. nmap -p 445 -n -T4 -open 10.1.0.0/16
3446C. nmap -s 445 -sU -T5 10.1.0.0/16
3447D. nmap -p 445 -max -Pn 10.1.0.0/16
3448Answer: B
3449NO.363 It is a kind of malware (malicious software) that criminals install on your computer so they
345093
3451IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3452can lock it from a remote location. This malware generates a pop-up window, webpage, or email
3453warning from what looks like an official authority. It explains that your computer has been locked
3454because of possible illegal activities on it and demands payment before you can access your files and
3455programs again.
3456Which of the following terms best matches the definition?
3457A. Ransomware
3458B. Adware
3459C. Spyware
3460D. Riskware
3461Answer: A
3462Explanation
3463Ransomware is a type of malware that can be covertly installed on a computer without knowledge or
3464intention of the user that restricts access to the infected computer system in some way, and
3465demands that the user pay a ransom to the malware operators to remove the restriction. Some
3466forms of ransomware systematically encrypt files on the system's hard drive, which become difficult
3467or impossible to decrypt without paying the ransom for the encryption key, while some may simply
3468lock the system and display messages intended to coax the user into paying. Ransomware typically
3469propagates as a Trojan.
3470References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ransomware
3471NO.364 What are the three types of authentication?
3472A. Something you: know, remember, prove
3473B. Something you: have, know, are
3474C. Something you: show, prove, are
3475D. Something you: show, have, prove
3476Answer: B
3477NO.365 What is the proper response for a NULL scan if the port is open?
3478A. SYN
3479B. ACK
3480C. FIN
3481D. PSH
3482E. RST
3483F. No response
3484Answer: F
3485NO.366 An nmap command that includes the host specification of 202.176.56-57.* will scan
3486_______ number of hosts.
3487A. 2
3488B. 256
3489C. 512
3490D. Over 10, 000
3491Answer: C
349294
3493NO.367 What is the code written for?
3494IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3495A. Buffer Overflow
3496B. Encryption
3497C. Bruteforce
3498D. Denial-of-service (Dos)
3499Answer: A
3500NO.368 When analyzing the IDS logs, the system administrator noticed an alert was logged when
3501the external router was accessed from the administrator's computer to update the router
3502configuration. What type of an alert is this?
3503A. False positive
3504B. False negative
3505C. True positve
3506D. True negative
3507Answer: A
3508NO.369 How does an operating system protect the passwords used for account logins?
3509A. The operating system performs a one-way hash of the passwords.
3510B. The operating system stores the passwords in a secret file that users cannot find.
3511C. The operating system encrypts the passwords, and decrypts them when needed.
3512D. The operating system stores all passwords in a protected segment of non-volatile memory.
3513Answer: A
3514NO.370 What type of analysis is performed when an attacker has partial knowledge of inner-
3515workings of the application?
3516A. Black-box
351795
3518IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3519B. Announced
3520C. White-box
3521D. Grey-box
3522Answer: D
3523NO.371 Which of the following settings enables Nessus to detect when it is sending too many
3524packets and the network pipe is approaching capacity?
3525A. Netstat WMI Scan
3526B. Silent Dependencies
3527C. Consider unscanned ports as closed
3528D. Reduce parallel connections on congestion
3529Answer: D
3530NO.372 Name two software tools used for OS guessing? (Choose two.)
3531A. Nmap
3532B. Snadboy
3533C. Queso
3534D. UserInfo
3535E. NetBus
3536Answer: A C
3537NO.373 What is one thing a tester can do to ensure that the software is trusted and is not changing
3538or tampering with critical data on the back end of a system it is loaded on?
3539A. Proper testing
3540B. Secure coding principles
3541C. Systems security and architecture review
3542D. Analysis of interrupts within the software
3543Answer: D
3544NO.374 Bob received this text message on his mobile phone: ""Hello, this is Scott Smelby from the
3545Yahoo Bank.
3546Kindly contact me for a vital transaction on: scottsmelby@yahoo.com"". Which statement below is
3547true?
3548A. This is probably a legitimate message as it comes from a respectable organization.
3549B. Bob should write to scottsmelby@yahoo.com to verify the identity of Scott.
3550C. This is a scam as everybody can get a @yahoo address, not the Yahoo customer service
3551employees.
3552D. This is a scam because Bob does not know Scott.
3553Answer: C
3554NO.375 You are attempting to run an Nmap port scan on a web server. Which of the following
3555commands would result in a scan of common ports with the least amount of noise in order to evade
3556IDS?
355796
3558IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3559A. nmap -A - Pn
3560B. nmap -sP -p-65535-T5
3561C. nmap -sT -O -T0
3562D. nmap -A --host-timeout 99-T1
3563Answer: C
3564NO.376 Which of the following is the BEST approach to prevent Cross-site Scripting (XSS) flaws?
3565A. Use digital certificates to authenticate a server prior to sending data.
3566B. Verify access right before allowing access to protected information and UI controls.
3567C. Verify access right before allowing access to protected information and UI controls.
3568D. Validate and escape all information sent to a server.
3569Answer: D
3570NO.377 Which of the following is a preventive control?
3571A. Smart card authentication
3572B. Security policy
3573C. Audit trail
3574D. Continuity of operations plan
3575Answer: A
3576NO.378 To determine if a software program properly handles a wide range of invalid input, a form of
3577automated testing can be used to randomly generate invalid input in an attempt to crash the
3578program.
3579What term is commonly used when referring to this type of testing?
3580A. Fuzzing
3581B. Randomizing
3582C. Mutating
3583D. Bounding
3584Answer: A
3585Explanation
3586Fuzz testing or fuzzing is a software testing technique, often automated or semi-automated, that
3587involves providing invalid, unexpected, or random data to the inputs of a computer program. The
3588program is then monitored for exceptions such as crashes, or failing built-in code assertions or for
3589finding potential memory leaks. Fuzzing is commonly used to test for security problems in software
3590or computer systems. It is a form of random testing which has been used for testing hardware or
3591software.
3592References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzz_testing
3593NO.379 What is the broadcast address for the subnet 190.86.168.0/22?
3594A. 190.86.168.255
3595B. 190.86.255.255
3596C. 190.86.171.255
3597D. 190.86.169.255
359897
3599IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3600Answer: C
3601NO.380 Which of the following security operations is used for determining the attack surface of an
3602organization?
3603A. Running a network scan to detect network services in the corporate DMZ
3604B. Training employees on the security policy regarding social engineering
3605C. Reviewing the need for a security clearance for each employee
3606D. Using configuration management to determine when and where to apply security patches
3607Answer: A
3608Explanation
3609For a network scan the goal is to document the exposed attack surface along with any easily detected
3610vulnerabilities.
3611References:
3612http://meisecurity.com/home/consulting/consulting-network-scanning/
3613NO.381 Which tier in the N-tier application architecture is responsible for moving and processing
3614data between the tiers?
3615A. Application Layer
3616B. Data tier
3617C. Presentation tier
3618D. Logic tier
3619Answer: D
3620NO.382 The security administrator of ABC needs to permit Internet traffic in the host 10.0.0.2 and
3621UDP traffic in the host 10.0.0.3. He also needs to permit all FTP traffic to the rest of the network and
3622deny all other traffic. After he applied his ACL configuration in the router, nobody can access to the
3623ftp, and the permitted hosts cannot access the Internet. According to the next configuration, what is
3624happening in the network?
3625A. The ACL 104 needs to be first because is UDP
3626B. The ACL 110 needs to be changed to port 80
3627C. The ACL for FTP must be before the ACL 110
3628D. The first ACL is denying all TCP traffic and the other ACLs are being ignored by the router
3629Answer: D
3630NO.383 How can a policy help improve an employee's security awareness?
3631A. By implementing written security procedures, enabling employee security training, and promoting
3632the benefits of security
3633B. By using informal networks of communication, establishing secret passing procedures, and
3634immediately terminating employees
3635C. By sharing security secrets with employees, enabling employees to share secrets, and establishing
363698
3637IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3638a consultative help line
3639D. By decreasing an employee's vacation time, addressing ad-hoc employment clauses, and ensuring
3640that managers know employee strengths
3641Answer: A
3642NO.384 Company A and Company B have just merged and each has its own Public Key Infrastructure
3643(PKI). What must the Certificate Authorities (CAs) establish so that the private PKIs for Company A
3644and Company B trust one another and each private PKI can validate digital certificates from the other
3645company?
3646A. Poly key exchange
3647B. Cross certification
3648C. Poly key reference
3649D. Cross-site exchange
3650Answer: B
3651NO.385 Risks = Threats x Vulnerabilities is referred to as the:
3652A. Risk equation
3653B. Threat assessment
3654C. BIA equation
3655D. Disaster recovery formula
3656Answer: A
3657Explanation
3658The most effective way to define risk is with this simple equation:
3659Risk = Threat x Vulnerability x Cost
3660This equation is fundamental to all information security.
3661References:
3662http://www.icharter.org/articles/risk_equation.html
3663NO.386 In 2007, this wireless security algorithm was rendered useless by capturing packets and
3664discovering the passkey in a matter of seconds. This security flaw led to a network invasion of TJ
3665Maxx and data theft through a technique known as wardriving.
3666Which Algorithm is this referring to?
3667A. Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)
3668B. Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA)
3669C. Wi-Fi Protected Access 2 (WPA2)
3670D. Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP)
3671Answer: A
3672Explanation
3673WEP is the currently most used protocol for securing 802.11 networks, also called wireless lans or
3674wlans. In
36752007, a new attack on WEP, the PTW attack, was discovered, which allows an attacker to recover the
3676secret key in less than 60 seconds in some cases.
3677Note: Wardriving is the act of searching for Wi-Fi wireless networks by a person in a moving vehicle,
3678using a portable computer, smartphone or personal digital assistant (PDA).
367999
3680IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3681References: https://events.ccc.de/camp/2007/Fahrplan/events/1943.en.html
3682NO.387 This kind of password cracking method uses word lists in combination with numbers and
3683special characters:
3684A. Hybrid
3685B. Linear
3686C. Symmetric
3687D. Brute Force
3688Answer: A
3689NO.388 Which of the following security policies defines the use of VPN for gaining access to an
3690internal corporate network?
3691A. Network security policy
3692B. Remote access policy
3693C. Information protection policy
3694D. Access control policy
3695Answer: B
3696NO.389 Which of the following ensures that updates to policies, procedures, and configurations are
3697made in a controlled and documented fashion?
3698A. Regulatory compliance
3699B. Peer review
3700C. Change management
3701D. Penetration testing
3702Answer: C
3703NO.390 Within the context of Computer Security, which of the following statements describes Social
3704Engineering best?
3705A. Social Engineering is the act of publicly disclosing information
3706B. Social Engineering is the means put in place by human resource to perform time accounting
3707C. Social Engineering is the act of getting needed information from a person rather than breaking into
3708a system
3709D. Social Engineering is a training program within sociology studies
3710Answer: C
3711NO.391 What is a successful method for protecting a router from potential smurf attacks?
3712A. Placing the router in broadcast mode
3713B. Enabling port forwarding on the router
3714C. Installing the router outside of the network's firewall
3715D. Disabling the router from accepting broadcast ping messages
3716Answer: D
3717NO.392 Attempting an injection attack on a web server based on responses to True/False questions
3718100
3719IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3720is called which of the following?
3721A. Blind SQLi
3722B. DMS-specific SQLi
3723C. Classic SQLi
3724D. Compound SQLi
3725Answer: A
3726NO.393 Your company performs penetration tests and security assessments for small and medium-
3727sized business in the local area. During a routine security assessment, you discover information that
3728suggests your client is involved with human trafficking.
3729What should you do?
3730A. Immediately stop work and contact the proper legal authorities.
3731B. Copy the data to removable media and keep it in case you need it.
3732C. Confront the client in a respectful manner and ask her about the data.
3733D. Ignore the data and continue the assessment until completed as agreed.
3734Answer: A
3735NO.394 Which of the following is a serious vulnerability in the popular OpenSSL cryptographic
3736software library? This weakness allows stealing the information protected, under normal conditions,
3737by the SSL/TLS encryption used to secure the Internet.
3738A. Heartbleed Bug
3739B. POODLE
3740C. SSL/TLS Renegotiation Vulnerability
3741D. Shellshock
3742Answer: A
3743NO.395 Which of the following is not a Bluetooth attack?
3744A. Bluedriving
3745B. Bluejacking
3746C. Bluesmacking
3747D. Bluesnarfing
3748Answer: A
3749NO.396 Bob learned that his username and password for a popular game has been compromised.
3750He contacts the company and resets all the information. The company suggests he use two-factor
3751authentication, which option below offers that?
3752A. A new username and password
3753B. A fingerprint scanner and his username and password.
3754C. Disable his username and use just a fingerprint scanner.
3755D. His username and a stronger password.
3756Answer: B
3757NO.397 Which of the following is considered an acceptable option when managing a risk?
3758101
3759IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3760A. Reject the risk.
3761B. Deny the risk.
3762C. Mitigate the risk.
3763D. Initiate the risk.
3764Answer: C
3765NO.398 Which of the following examples best represents a logical or technical control?
3766A. Security tokens
3767B. Heating and air conditioning
3768C. Smoke and fire alarms
3769D. Corporate security policy
3770Answer: A
3771NO.399 A developer for a company is tasked with creating a program that will allow customers to
3772update their billing and shipping information. The billing address field used is limited to 50
3773characters. What pseudo code would the developer use to avoid a buffer overflow attack on the
3774billing address field?
3775A. if (billingAddress = 50) {update field} else exit
3776B. if (billingAddress != 50) {update field} else exit
3777C. if (billingAddress >= 50) {update field} else exit
3778D. if (billingAddress <= 50) {update field} else exit
3779Answer: D
3780NO.400 A distributed port scan operates by:
3781A. Blocking access to the scanning clients by the targeted host
3782B. Using denial-of-service software against a range of TCP ports
3783C. Blocking access to the targeted host by each of the distributed scanning clients
3784D. Having multiple computers each scan a small number of ports, then correlating the results
3785Answer: D
3786NO.401 The network team has well-established procedures to follow for creating new rules on the
3787firewall. This includes having approval from a manager prior to implementing any new rules. While
3788reviewing the firewall configuration, you notice a recently implemented rule but cannot locate
3789manager approval for it. What would be a good step to have in the procedures for a situation like
3790this?
3791A. Have the network team document the reason why the rule was implemented without prior
3792manager approval.
3793B. Monitor all traffic using the firewall rule until a manager can approve it.
3794C. Do not roll back the firewall rule as the business may be relying upon it, but try to get manager
3795approval as soon as possible.
3796D. Immediately roll back the firewall rule until a manager can approve it
3797Answer: D
3798102
3799IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3800NO.402 Sam is working as s pen-tester in an organization in Houston. He performs penetration
3801testing on IDS in order to find the different ways an attacker uses to evade the IDS. Sam sends a large
3802amount of packets to the target IDS that generates alerts, which enable Sam to hide the real traffic.
3803What type of method is Sam using to evade IDS?
3804A. Denial-of-Service
3805B. False Positive Generation
3806C. Insertion Attack
3807D. Obfuscating
3808Answer: B
3809NO.403 What is the best defense against privilege escalation vulnerability?
3810A. Patch systems regularly and upgrade interactive login privileges at the system administrator level.
3811B. Run administrator and applications on least privileges and use a content registry for tracking.
3812C. Run services with least privileged accounts and implement multi-factor authentication and
3813authorization.
3814D. Review user roles and administrator privileges for maximum utilization of automation services.
3815Answer: C
3816NO.404 A botnet can be managed through which of the following?
3817A. IRC
3818B. E-Mail
3819C. Linkedin and Facebook
3820D. A vulnerable FTP server
3821Answer: A
3822NO.405 Under the "Post-attack Phase and Activities", it is the responsibility of the tester to restore
3823the systems to a pre-test state.
3824Which of the following activities should not be included in this phase? (see exhibit) Exhibit:
3825A. III
3826B. IV
3827C. III and IV
3828D. All should be included.
3829Answer: A
3830Explanation
3831The post-attack phase revolves around returning any modified system(s) to the pretest state.
3832103
3833IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3834Examples of such activities:
3835References: Computer and Information Security Handbook, John R. Vacca (2012), page 531
3836NO.406 The practical realities facing organizations today make risk response strategies essential.
3837Which of the following is NOT one of the five basic responses to risk?
3838A. Accept
3839B. Mitigate
3840C. Delegate
3841D. Avoid
3842Answer: C
3843NO.407 Internet Protocol Security IPSec is actually a suite of protocols. Each protocol within the
3844suite provides different functionality. Collective IPSec does everything except.
3845A. Protect the payload and the headers
3846B. Authenticate
3847C. Encrypt
3848D. Work at the Data Link Layer
3849Answer: D
3850NO.408 A penetration test was done at a company. After the test, a report was written and given to
3851the company's IT authorities. A section from the report is shown below:
3852According to the section from the report, which of the following choice is true?
3853A. MAC Spoof attacks cannot be performed.
3854B. Possibility of SQL Injection attack is eliminated.
3855C. A stateful firewall can be used between intranet (LAN) and DMZ.
3856D. There is access control policy between VLANs.
3857Answer: C
3858NO.409 You want to analyze packets on your wireless network. Which program would you use?
3859A. Wireshark with Airpcap
3860B. Airsnort with Airpcap
3861C. Wireshark with Winpcap
3862D. Ethereal with Winpcap
3863Answer: A
3864NO.410 Bluetooth uses which digital modulation technique to exchange information between paired
3865devices?
3866A. PSK (phase-shift keying)
3867B. FSK (frequency-shift keying)
3868C. ASK (amplitude-shift keying)
3869D. QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation)
3870Answer: A
3871Explanation
3872104
3873IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3874Phase shift keying is the form of Bluetooth modulation used to enable the higher data rates
3875achievable with Bluetooth 2 EDR (Enhanced Data Rate). Two forms of PSK are used: /4 DQPSK, and
38768DPSK.
3877References:
3878http://www.radio-electronics.com/info/wireless/bluetooth/radio-interface-modulation.php
3879NO.411 Which of these is capable of searching for and locating rogue access points?
3880A. HIDS
3881B. WISS
3882C. WIPS
3883D. NIDS
3884Answer: C
3885NO.412 Study the snort rule given below and interpret the rule. alert tcp any any --> 192.168.1.0/24
3886111 (content:"|00 01 86 a5|"; msG. "mountd access";)
3887A. An alert is generated when a TCP packet is generated from any IP on the 192.168.1.0 subnet and
3888destined to any IP on port 111
3889B. An alert is generated when any packet other than a TCP packet is seen on the network and
3890destined for the 192.168.1.0 subnet
3891C. An alert is generated when a TCP packet is originated from port 111 of any IP address to the
3892192.168.1.0 subnet
3893D. An alert is generated when a TCP packet originating from any IP address is seen on the network
3894and destined for any IP address on the 192.168.1.0 subnet on port 111
3895Answer: D
3896NO.413 Which type of antenna is used in wireless communication?
3897A. Omnidirectional
3898B. Parabolic
3899C. Uni-directional
3900D. Bi-directional
3901Answer: A
3902NO.414 You are the Network Admin, and you get a compliant that some of the websites are no
3903longer accessible. You try to ping the servers and find them to be reachable. Then you type the IP
3904address and then you try on the browser, and find it to be accessible. But they are not accessible
3905when you try using the URL.
3906What may be the problem?
3907A. Traffic is Blocked on UDP Port 53
3908B. Traffic is Blocked on UDP Port 80
3909C. Traffic is Blocked on UDP Port 54
3910D. Traffic is Blocked on UDP Port 80
3911Answer: A
3912NO.415 How is the public key distributed in an orderly, controlled fashion so that the users can be
3913105
3914IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3915sure of the sender's identity?
3916A. Hash value
3917B. Private key
3918C. Digital signature
3919D. Digital certificate
3920Answer: D
3921NO.416 What is the BEST alternative if you discover that a rootkit has been installed on one of your
3922computers?
3923A. Copy the system files from a known good system
3924B. Perform a trap and trace
3925C. Delete the files and try to determine the source
3926D. Reload from a previous backup
3927E. Reload from known good media
3928Answer: E
3929NO.417 Which of the following is optimized for confidential communications, such as bidirectional
3930voice and video?
3931A. RC4
3932B. RC5
3933C. MD4
3934D. MD5
3935Answer: A
3936NO.418 In the context of Windows Security, what is a 'null' user?
3937A. A user that has no skills
3938B. An account that has been suspended by the admin
3939C. A pseudo account that has no username and password
3940D. A pseudo account that was created for security administration purpose
3941Answer: C
3942NO.419 A hacker is attempting to see which IP addresses are currently active on a network. Which
3943NMAP switch would the hacker use?
3944A. -sO
3945B. -sP
3946C. -sS
3947D. -sU
3948Answer: B
3949NO.420 In Risk Management, how is the term "likelihood" related to the concept of "threat?"
3950A. Likelihood is the probability that a threat-source will exploit a vulnerability.
3951B. Likelihood is a possible threat-source that may exploit a vulnerability.
3952C. Likelihood is the likely source of a threat that could exploit a vulnerability.
3953106
3954IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3955D. Likelihood is the probability that a vulnerability is a threat-source.
3956Answer: A
3957Explanation
3958The ability to analyze the likelihood of threats within the organization is a critical step in building an
3959effective security program. The process of assessing threat probability should be well defined and
3960incorporated into a broader threat analysis process to be effective.
3961References:
3962http://www.mcafee.com/campaign/securitybattleground/resources/chapter5/whitepaper-on-
3963assessing-threat-attac
3964NO.421 During a wireless penetration test, a tester detects an access point using WPA2 encryption.
3965Which of the following attacks should be used to obtain the key?
3966A. The tester must capture the WPA2 authentication handshake and then crack it.
3967B. The tester must use the tool inSSIDer to crack it using the ESSID of the network.
3968C. The tester cannot crack WPA2 because it is in full compliance with the IEEE 802.11i standard.
3969D. The tester must change the MAC address of the wireless network card and then use the AirTraf
3970tool to obtain the key.
3971Answer: A
3972NO.422 What is the main disadvantage of the scripting languages as opposed to compiled
3973programming languages?
3974A. Scripting languages are hard to learn.
3975B. Scripting languages are not object-oriented.
3976C. Scripting languages cannot be used to create graphical user interfaces.
3977D. Scripting languages are slower because they require an interpreter to run the code.
3978Answer: D
3979NO.423 A consultant is hired to do physical penetration testing at a large financial company. In the
3980first day of his assessment, the consultant goes to the company`s building dressed like an electrician
3981and waits in the lobby for an employee to pass through the main access gate, then the consultant
3982follows the employee behind to get into the restricted area. Which type of attack did the consultant
3983perform?
3984A. Man trap
3985B. Tailgating
3986C. Shoulder surfing
3987D. Social engineering
3988Answer: B
3989NO.424 You are about to be hired by a well-known Bank to perform penetration tests. Which of the
3990following documents describes the specifics of the testing, the associated violations, and essentially
3991protects both the bank's interest and your liabilities as a tester?
3992A. Service Level Agreement
3993B. Non-Disclosure Agreement
3994C. Terms of Engagement
3995107
3996IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
3997D. Project Scope
3998Answer: C
3999NO.425 A person approaches a network administrator and wants advice on how to send encrypted
4000email from home.
4001The end user does not want to have to pay for any license fees or manage server services. Which of
4002the following is the most secure encryption protocol that the network administrator should
4003recommend?
4004A. IP Security (IPSEC)
4005B. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME)
4006C. Pretty Good Privacy (PGP)
4007D. Hyper Text Transfer Protocol with Secure Socket Layer (HTTPS)
4008Answer: C
4009NO.426 MX record priority increases as the number increases. (True/False.)
4010A. True
4011B. False
4012Answer: B
4013NO.427 Which of the following is a low-tech way of gaining unauthorized access to systems?
4014A. Social Engineering
4015B. Sniffing
4016C. Eavesdropping
4017D. Scanning
4018Answer: A
4019Explanation
4020Social engineering, in the context of information security, refers to psychological manipulation of
4021people into performing actions or divulging confidential information. A type of confidence trick for
4022the purpose of information gathering, fraud, or system access.
4023References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_engineering_(security)
4024NO.428 Bob is acknowledged as a hacker of repute and is popular among visitors of "underground"
4025sites.
4026Bob is willing to share his knowledge with those who are willing to learn, and many have expressed
4027their interest in learning from him. However, this knowledge has a risk associated with it, as it can be
4028used for malevolent attacks as well.
4029In this context, what would be the most effective method to bridge the knowledge gap between the
4030"black" hats or crackers and the "white" hats or computer security professionals? (Choose the test
4031answer.)
4032A. Educate everyone with books, articles and training on risk analysis, vulnerabilities and safeguards.
4033B. Hire more computer security monitoring personnel to monitor computer systems and networks.
4034C. Make obtaining either a computer security certification or accreditation easier to achieve so more
4035individuals feel that they are a part of something larger than life.
4036D. Train more National Guard and reservist in the art of computer security to help out in times of
4037108
4038IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4039emergency or crises.
4040Answer: A
4041NO.429 What statement is true regarding LM hashes?
4042A. LM hashes consist in 48 hexadecimal characters.
4043B. LM hashes are based on AES128 cryptographic standard.
4044C. Uppercase characters in the password are converted to lowercase.
4045D. LM hashes are not generated when the password length exceeds 15 characters.
4046Answer: D
4047NO.430 What information should an IT system analysis provide to the risk assessor?
4048A. Management buy-in
4049B. Threat statement
4050C. Security architecture
4051D. Impact analysis
4052Answer: C
4053NO.431 An attacker has captured a target file that is encrypted with public key cryptography. Which
4054of the attacks below is likely to be used to crack the target file?
4055A. Timing attack
4056B. Replay attack
4057C. Memory trade-off attack
4058D. Chosen plain-text attack
4059Answer: D
4060NO.432 International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard 27002 provides guidance for
4061compliance by outlining
4062A. guidelines and practices for security controls.
4063B. financial soundness and business viability metrics.
4064C. standard best practice for configuration management.
4065D. contract agreement writing standards.
4066Answer: A
4067NO.433 Which of the following is the primary objective of a rootkit?
4068A. It opens a port to provide an unauthorized service
4069B. It creates a buffer overflow
4070C. It replaces legitimate programs
4071D. It provides an undocumented opening in a program
4072Answer: C
4073NO.434 The "gray box testing" methodology enforces what kind of restriction?
4074A. The internal operation of a system is only partly accessible to the tester.
4075B. The internal operation of a system is completely known to the tester.
4076109
4077IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4078C. Only the external operation of a system is accessible to the tester.
4079D. Only the internal operation of a system is known to the tester.
4080Answer: A
4081Explanation
4082A black-box tester is unaware of the internal structure of the application to be tested, while a white-
4083box tester has access to the internal structure of the application. A gray-box tester partially knows
4084the internal structure, which includes access to the documentation of internal data structures as well
4085as the algorithms used.
4086References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gray_box_testing
4087NO.435 An attacker changes the profile information of a particular user (victim) on the target
4088website. The attacker uses this string to update the victim's profile to a text file and then submit the
4089data to the attacker's database.
4090< iframe src="http://www.vulnweb.com/updateif.php" style="display:none"></iframe> What is this
4091type of attack (that can use either HTTP GET or HTTP POST) called?
4092A. Cross-Site Request Forgery
4093B. Cross-Site Scripting
4094C. SQL Injection
4095D. Browser Hacking
4096Answer: A
4097Explanation
4098Cross-site request forgery, also known as one-click attack or session riding and abbreviated as CSRF
4099(sometimes pronounced sea-surf) or XSRF, is a type of malicious exploit of a website where
4100unauthorized commands are transmitted from a user that the website trusts.
4101Different HTTP request methods, such as GET and POST, have different level of susceptibility to CSRF
4102attacks and require different levels of protection due to their different handling by web browsers.
4103References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_request_forgery
4104NO.436 Which of the following tools are used for enumeration? (Choose three.)
4105A. SolarWinds
4106B. USER2SID
4107C. Cheops
4108D. SID2USER
4109E. DumpSec
4110Answer: B D E
4111NO.437 A pentester is using Metasploit to exploit an FTP server and pivot to a LAN. How will the
4112pentester pivot using Metasploit?
4113A. Issue the pivot exploit and set the meterpreter.
4114B. Reconfigure the network settings in the meterpreter.
4115C. Set the payload to propagate through the meterpreter.
4116D. Create a route statement in the meterpreter.
4117Answer: D
4118110
4119IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4120NO.438 Which of the following describes the characteristics of a Boot Sector Virus?
4121A. Moves the MBR to another location on the RAM and copies itself to the original location of the
4122MBR
4123B. Moves the MBR to another location on the hard disk and copies itself to the original location of
4124the MBR
4125C. Modifies directory table entries so that directory entries point to the virus code instead of the
4126actual program
4127D. Overwrites the original MBR and only executes the new virus code
4128Answer: B
4129Explanation
4130A boot sector virus is a computer virus that infects a storage device's master boot record (MBR). The
4131virus moves the boot sector to another location on the hard drive.
4132References: https://www.techopedia.com/definition/26655/boot-sector-virus
4133NO.439 In order to have an anonymous Internet surf, which of the following is best choice?
4134A. Use SSL sites when entering personal information
4135B. Use Tor network with multi-node
4136C. Use shared WiFi
4137D. Use public VPN
4138Answer: B
4139NO.440 A security analyst in an insurance company is assigned to test a new web application that
4140will be used by clients to help them choose and apply for an insurance plan. The analyst discovers
4141that the application is developed in ASP scripting language and it uses MSSQL as a database backend.
4142The analyst locates the application's search form and introduces the following code in the search
4143input field:
4144When the analyst submits the form, the browser returns a pop-up window that says "Vulnerable".
4145Which web applications vulnerability did the analyst discover?
4146A. Cross-site request forgery
4147B. Command injection
4148C. Cross-site scripting
4149D. SQL injection
4150Answer: C
4151NO.441 You have several plain-text firewall logs that you must review to evaluate network traffic.
4152You know that in order to do fast, efficient searches of the logs you must use regular expressions.
4153Which command-line utility are you most likely to use?
4154A. Grep
4155B. Notepad
4156C. MS Excel
4157D. Relational Database
4158Answer: A
4159111
4160IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4161Explanation
4162grep is a command-line utility for searching plain-text data sets for lines matching a regular
4163expression.
4164References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grep
4165NO.442 A computer technician is using a new version of a word processing software package when
4166it is discovered that a special sequence of characters causes the entire computer to crash. The
4167technician researches the bug and discovers that no one else experienced the problem. What is the
4168appropriate next step?
4169A. Ignore the problem completely and let someone else deal with it.
4170B. Create a document that will crash the computer when opened and send it to friends.
4171C. Find an underground bulletin board and attempt to sell the bug to the highest bidder.
4172D. Notify the vendor of the bug and do not disclose it until the vendor gets a chance to issue a fix.
4173Answer: D
4174NO.443 Which of the following is an application that requires a host application for replication?
4175A. Micro
4176B. Worm
4177C. Trojan
4178D. Virus
4179Answer: D
4180Explanation
4181Computer viruses infect a variety of different subsystems on their hosts. A computer virus is a
4182malware that, when executed, replicates by reproducing itself or infecting other programs by
4183modifying them. Infecting computer programs can include as well, data files, or the boot sector of the
4184hard drive. When this replication succeeds, the affected areas are then said to be "infected".
4185References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_virus
4186NO.444 An organization hires a tester to do a wireless penetration test. Previous reports indicate
4187that the last test did not contain management or control packets in the submitted traces. Which of
4188the following is the most likely reason for lack of management or control packets?
4189A. The wireless card was not turned on.
4190B. The wrong network card drivers were in use by Wireshark.
4191C. On Linux and Mac OS X, only 802.11 headers are received in promiscuous mode.
4192D. Certain operating systems and adapters do not collect the management or control packets.
4193Answer: D
4194NO.445 An attacker scans a host with the below command. Which three flags are set? (Choose
4195three.)
4196#nmap -sX host.domain.com
4197A. This is ACK scan. ACK flag is set
4198B. This is Xmas scan. SYN and ACK flags are set
4199C. This is Xmas scan. URG, PUSH and FIN are set
4200D. This is SYN scan. SYN flag is set
4201112
4202IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4203Answer: C
4204NO.446 You work for Acme Corporation as Sales Manager. The company has tight network security
4205restrictions. You are trying to steal data from the company's Sales database (Sales.xls) and transfer
4206them to your home computer. Your company filters and monitors traffic that leaves from the internal
4207network to the Internet. How will you achieve this without raising suspicion?
4208A. Encrypt the Sales.xls using PGP and e-mail it to your personal gmail account
4209B. Package the Sales.xls using Trojan wrappers and telnet them back your home computer
4210C. You can conceal the Sales.xls database in another file like photo.jpg or other files and send it out in
4211an innocent looking email or file transfer using Steganography techniques
4212D. Change the extension of Sales.xls to sales.txt and upload them as attachment to your hotmail
4213account
4214Answer: C
4215NO.447 A penetration tester is attempting to scan an internal corporate network from the internet
4216without alerting the border sensor. Which is the most efficient technique should the tester consider
4217using?
4218A. Spoofing an IP address
4219B. Tunneling scan over SSH
4220C. Tunneling over high port numbers
4221D. Scanning using fragmented IP packets
4222Answer: B
4223NO.448 A hacker searches in Google for filetype:pcf to find Cisco VPN config files. Those files may
4224contain connectivity passwords that can be decoded with which of the following?
4225A. Cupp
4226B. Nessus
4227C. Cain and Abel
4228D. John The Ripper Pro
4229Answer: C
4230NO.449 Which of the following is an example of IP spoofing?
4231A. SQL injections
4232B. Man-in-the-middle
4233C. Cross-site scripting
4234D. ARP poisoning
4235Answer: B
4236NO.450 A technician is resolving an issue where a computer is unable to connect to the Internet
4237using a wireless access point. The computer is able to transfer files locally to other machines, but
4238cannot successfully reach the Internet. When the technician examines the IP address and default
4239gateway they are both on the
4240192.168.1.0/24. Which of the following has occurred?
4241A. The gateway is not routing to a public IP address.
4242113
4243IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4244B. The computer is using an invalid IP address.
4245C. The gateway and the computer are not on the same network.
4246D. The computer is not using a private IP address.
4247Answer: A
4248NO.451 A certified ethical hacker (CEH) is approached by a friend who believes her husband is
4249cheating. She offers to pay to break into her husband's email account in order to find proof so she
4250can take him to court. What is the ethical response?
4251A. Say no; the friend is not the owner of the account.
4252B. Say yes; the friend needs help to gather evidence.
4253C. Say yes; do the job for free.
4254D. Say no; make sure that the friend knows the risk she's asking the CEH to take.
4255Answer: A
4256NO.452 env x=`(){ :;};echo exploit` bash -c 'cat /etc/passwd'
4257What is the Shellshock bash vulnerability attempting to do on a vulnerable Linux host?
4258A. Display passwd content to prompt
4259B. Removes the passwd file
4260C. Changes all passwords in passwd
4261D. Add new user to the passwd file
4262Answer: A
4263Explanation
4264To extract private information, attackers are using a couple of techniques. The simplest extraction
4265attacks are in the form:
4266() {:;}; /bin/cat /etc/passwd
4267That reads the password file /etc/passwd, and adds it to the response from the web server. So an
4268attacker injecting this code through the Shellshock vulnerability would see the password file dumped
4269out onto their screen as part of the web page returned.
4270References: https://blog.cloudflare.com/inside-shellshock/
4271NO.453 As a securing consultant, what are some of the things you would recommend to a company
4272to ensure DNS security?
4273A. Use the same machines for DNS and other applications
4274B. Harden DNS servers
4275C. Use split-horizon operation for DNS servers
4276D. Restrict Zone transfers
4277E. Have subnet diversity between DNS servers
4278Answer: B C D E
4279NO.454 Some passwords are stored using specialized encryption algorithms known as hashes. Why
4280is this an appropriate method?
4281A. It is impossible to crack hashed user passwords unless the key used to encrypt them is obtained.
4282B. If a user forgets the password, it can be easily retrieved using the hash key stored by
4283administrators.
4284114
4285IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4286C. Hashing is faster compared to more traditional encryption algorithms.
4287D. Passwords stored using hashes are non-reversible, making finding the password much more
4288difficult.
4289Answer: D
4290NO.455 A company has publicly hosted web applications and an internal Intranet protected by a
4291firewall. Which technique will help protect against enumeration?
4292A. Reject all invalid email received via SMTP.
4293B. Allow full DNS zone transfers.
4294C. Remove A records for internal hosts.
4295D. Enable null session pipes.
4296Answer: C
4297NO.456 Which of the following incident handling process phases is responsible for defining rules,
4298collaborating human workforce, creating a back-up plan, and testing the plans for an organization?
4299A. Preparation phase
4300B. Containment phase
4301C. Identification phase
4302D. Recovery phase
4303Answer: A
4304Explanation
4305There are several key elements to have implemented in preparation phase in order to help mitigate
4306any potential problems that may hinder one's ability to handle an incident. For the sake of brevity,
4307the following should be performed:
4308References: https://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/incident/incident-handlers-handbook-
430933901
4310NO.457 In both pharming and phishing attacks an attacker can create websites that look similar to
4311legitimate sites with the intent of collecting personal identifiable information from its victims. What is
4312the difference between pharming and phishing attacks?
4313A. In a pharming attack a victim is redirected to a fake website by modifying their host configuration
4314file or by exploiting vulnerabilities in DNS. In a phishing attack an attacker provides the victim with a
4315URL that is either misspelled or looks similar to the actual websites domain name.
4316B. Both pharming and phishing attacks are purely technical and are not considered forms of social
4317engineering.
4318C. Both pharming and phishing attacks are identical.
4319D. In a phishing attack a victim is redirected to a fake website by modifying their host configuration
4320file or by exploiting vulnerabilities in DNS. In a pharming attack an attacker provides the victim with a
4321URL that is either misspelled or looks very similar to the actual websites domain name.
4322Answer: A
4323NO.458 While you were gathering information as part of security assessments for one of your
4324clients, you were able to gather data that show your client is involved with fraudulent activities. What
4325should you do?
4326115
4327IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4328A. Immediately stop work and contact the proper legal authorities
4329B. Ignore the data and continue the assessment until completed as agreed
4330C. Confront the client in a respectful manner and ask her about the data
4331D. Copy the data to removable media and keep it in case you need it
4332Answer: A
4333NO.459 A tester has been hired to do a web application security test. The tester notices that the site
4334is dynamic and must make use of a back end database.
4335In order for the tester to see if SQL injection is possible, what is the first character that the tester
4336should use to attempt breaking a valid SQL request?
4337A. Semicolon
4338B. Single quote
4339C. Exclamation mark
4340D. Double quote
4341Answer: B
4342NO.460 While
4343using your bank's online servicing you notice the following string in the URL bar:
4344"http://www.MyPersonalBank.com/account?id=368940911028389
4345& Damount=10980&Camount=21"
4346You observe that if you modify the Damount & Camount values and submit the request, that data on
4347the web page reflect the changes.
4348Which type of vulnerability is present on this site?
4349A. Web Parameter Tampering
4350B. Cookie Tampering
4351C. XSS Reflection
4352D. SQL injection
4353Answer: A
4354Explanation
4355The Web Parameter Tampering attack is based on the manipulation of parameters exchanged
4356between client and server in order to modify application data, such as user credentials and
4357permissions, price and quantity of products, etc. Usually, this information is stored in cookies, hidden
4358form fields, or URL Query Strings, and is used to increase application functionality and control.
4359References: https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Web_Parameter_Tampering
4360NO.461 When does the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI-DSS) require
4361organizations to perform external and internal penetration testing?
4362A. At least once a year and after any significant upgrade or modification
4363B. At least once every three years or after any significant upgrade or modification
4364C. At least twice a year or after any significant upgrade or modification
4365D. At least once every two years and after any significant upgrade or modification
4366Answer: A
4367NO.462 A covert channel is a channel that
4368116
4369IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4370A. transfers information over, within a computer system, or network that is outside of the security
4371policy.
4372B. transfers information over, within a computer system, or network that is within the security policy
4373.
4374C. transfers information via a communication path within a computer system, or network for transfer
4375of data.
4376D. transfers information over, within a computer system, or network that is encrypted.
4377Answer: A
4378NO.463 Which of the following scanning method splits the TCP header into several packets and
4379makes it difficult for packet filters to detect the purpose of the packet?
4380A. ICMP Echo scanning
4381B. SYN/FIN scanning using IP fragments
4382C. ACK flag probe scanning
4383D. IPID scanning
4384Answer: B
4385NO.464 Which of the following parameters describe LM Hash (see exhibit):
4386Exhibit:
4387A. I, II, and III
4388B. I
4389C. II
4390D. I and II
4391Answer: A
4392Explanation
4393The LM hash is computed as follows:
43941. The user's password is restricted to a maximum of fourteen characters.
43952. The user's password is converted to uppercase.
4396Etc.
439714 character Windows passwords, which are stored with LM Hash, can be cracked in five seconds.
4398References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LM_hash
4399NO.465 A hacker was able to sniff packets on a company's wireless network. The following
4400information was discovered:
4401Using the Exlcusive OR, what was the original message?
4402A. 00101000 11101110
4403117
4404IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4405B. 11010111 00010001
4406C. 00001101 10100100
4407D. 11110010 01011011
4408Answer: B
4409NO.466 Which of the following is a form of penetration testing that relies heavily on human
4410interaction and often involves tricking people into breaking normal security procedures?
4411A. Social Engineering
4412B. Piggybacking
4413C. Tailgating
4414D. Eavesdropping
4415Answer: A
4416NO.467 This asymmetry cipher is based on factoring the product of two large prime numbers.
4417What cipher is described above?
4418A. RSA
4419B. SHA
4420C. RC5
4421D. MD5
4422Answer: A
4423Explanation
4424RSA is based on the practical difficulty of factoring the product of two large prime numbers, the
4425factoring problem.
4426Note: A user of RSA creates and then publishes a public key based on two large prime numbers, along
4427with an auxiliary value. The prime numbers must be kept secret. Anyone can use the public key to
4428encrypt a message, but with currently published methods, if the public key is large enough, only
4429someone with knowledge of the prime numbers can feasibly decode the message.
4430References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSA_(cryptosystem)
4431NO.468 Which property ensures that a hash function will not produce the same hashed value for
4432two different messages?
4433A. Collision resistance
4434B. Bit length
4435C. Key strength
4436D. Entropy
4437Answer: A
4438NO.469 Assume a business-crucial web-site of some company that is used to sell handsets to the
4439customers worldwide.
4440All the developed components are reviewed by the security team on a monthly basis. In order to
4441drive business further, the web-site developers decided to add some 3rd party marketing tools on it.
4442The tools are written in JavaScript and can track the customer's activity on the site. These tools are
4443located on the servers of the marketing company.
4444What is the main security risk associated with this scenario?
4445118
4446IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4447A. External script contents could be maliciously modified without the security team knowledge
4448B. External scripts have direct access to the company servers and can steal the data from there
4449C. There is no risk at all as the marketing services are trustworthy
4450D. External scripts increase the outbound company data traffic which leads greater financial losses
4451Answer: A
4452NO.470 What attack is used to crack passwords by using a precomputed table of hashed passwords?
4453A. Brute Force Attack
4454B. Hybrid Attack
4455C. Rainbow Table Attack
4456D. Dictionary Attack
4457Answer: C
4458NO.471 A Security Engineer at a medium-sized accounting firm has been tasked with discovering
4459how much information can be obtained from the firm's public facing web servers. The engineer
4460decides to start by using netcat to port 80.
4461The engineer receives this output:
4462Which of the following is an example of what the engineer performed?
4463A. Cross-site scripting
4464B. Banner grabbing
4465C. SQL injection
4466D. Whois database query
4467Answer: B
4468NO.472 Which of the following is an adaptive SQL Injection testing technique used to discover
4469coding errors by inputting massive amounts of random data and observing the changes in the
4470output?
4471A. Function Testing
4472B. Dynamic Testing
4473C. Static Testing
4474D. Fuzzing Testing
4475Answer: D
4476NO.473 What two conditions must a digital signature meet?
4477A. Has to be unforgeable, and has to be authentic.
4478B. Has to be legible and neat.
4479119
4480IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4481C. Must be unique and have special characters.
4482D. Has to be the same number of characters as a physical signature and must be unique.
4483Answer: A
4484NO.474 Jimmy is standing outside a secure entrance to a facility. He is pretending to have a tense
4485conversation on his cell phone as an authorized employee badges in. Jimmy, while still on the phone,
4486grabs the door as it begins to close.
4487What just happened?
4488A. Piggybacking
4489B. Masqurading
4490C. Phishing
4491D. Whaling
4492Answer: A
4493Explanation
4494In security, piggybacking refers to when a person tags along with another person who is authorized to
4495gain entry into a restricted area, or pass a certain checkpoint.
4496References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piggybacking_(security)
4497NO.475 You have the SOA presented below in your Zone.
4498Your secondary servers have not been able to contact your primary server to synchronize
4499information. How long will the secondary servers attempt to contact the primary server before it
4500considers that zone is dead and stops responding to queries?
4501collegae.edu.SOA, cikkye.edu ipad.college.edu. (200302028 3600 3600 604800 3600)
4502A. One day
4503B. One hour
4504C. One week
4505D. One month
4506Answer: C
4507NO.476 Study the log below and identify the scan type.
4508A. nmap -sR 192.168.1.10
4509B. nmap -sS 192.168.1.10
4510C. nmap -sV 192.168.1.10
4511120
4512IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4513D. nmap -sO -T 192.168.1.10
4514Answer: D
4515NO.477 Which technical characteristic do Ethereal/Wireshark, TCPDump, and Snort have in
4516common?
4517A. They are written in Java.
4518B. They send alerts to security monitors.
4519C. They use the same packet analysis engine.
4520D. They use the same packet capture utility.
4521Answer: D
4522NO.478 Which of the following is a component of a risk assessment?
4523A. Administrative safeguards
4524B. Physical security
4525C. DMZ
4526D. Logical interface
4527Answer: A
4528Explanation
4529Risk assessment include:
4530References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IT_risk_management#Risk_assessment
4531NO.479 What is the outcome of the comm"nc -l -p 2222 | nc 10.1.0.43 1234"?
4532A. Netcat will listen on the 10.1.0.43 interface for 1234 seconds on port 2222.
4533B. Netcat will listen on port 2222 and output anything received to a remote connection on 10.1.0.43
4534port
45351234.
4536C. Netcat will listen for a connection from 10.1.0.43 on port 1234 and output anything received to
4537port
45382222.
4539D. Netcat will listen on port 2222 and then output anything received to local interface 10.1.0.43.
4540Answer: B
4541NO.480 Which type of cryptography does SSL, IKE and PGP belongs to?
4542A. Secret Key
4543B. Hash Algorithm
4544C. Digest
4545D. Public Key
4546Answer: D
4547NO.481 A regional bank hires your company to perform a security assessment on their network after
4548a recent data breach. The attacker was able to steal financial data from the bank by compromising
4549only a single server.
4550Based on this information, what should be one of your key recommendations to the bank?
4551A. Place a front-end web server in a demilitarized zone that only handles external web traffic
4552121
4553IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4554B. Require all employees to change their passwords immediately
4555C. Move the financial data to another server on the same IP subnet
4556D. Issue new certificates to the web servers from the root certificate authority
4557Answer: A
4558Explanation
4559A DMZ or demilitarized zone (sometimes referred to as a perimeter network) is a physical or logical
4560subnetwork that contains and exposes an organization's external-facing services to a larger and
4561untrusted network, usually the Internet. The purpose of a DMZ is to add an additional layer of
4562security to an organization's local area network (LAN); an external network node only has direct
4563access to equipment in the DMZ, rather than any other part of the network.
4564References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMZ_(computing)
4565NO.482 What ports should be blocked on the firewall to prevent NetBIOS traffic from not coming
4566through the firewall if your network is comprised of Windows NT, 2000, and XP?
4567A. 110
4568B. 135
4569C. 139
4570D. 161
4571E. 445
4572F. 1024
4573Answer: B C E
4574NO.483 In Trojan terminology, what is a covert channel?
4575A. A channel that transfers information within a computer system or network in a way that violates
4576the security policy
4577B. A legitimate communication path within a computer system or network for transfer of data
4578C. It is a kernel operation that hides boot processes and services to mask detection
4579D. It is Reverse tunneling technique that uses HTTPS protocol instead of HTTP protocol to establish
4580connections
4581Answer: A
4582NO.484 To reduce the attack surface of a system, administrators should perform which of the
4583following processes to remove unnecessary software, services, and insecure configuration settings?
4584A. Harvesting
4585B. Windowing
4586C. Hardening
4587D. Stealthing
4588122
4589IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4590Answer: C
4591NO.485 What tool should you use when you need to analyze extracted metadata from files you
4592collected when you were in the initial stage of penetration test (information gathering)?
4593A. Armitage
4594B. Dimitry
4595C. Metagoofil
4596D. cdpsnarf
4597Answer: C
4598NO.486 While checking the settings on the internet browser, a technician finds that the proxy server
4599settings have been checked and a computer is trying to use itself as a proxy server. What specific
4600octet within the subnet does the technician see?
4601A. 10.10.10.10
4602B. 127.0.0.1
4603C. 192.168.1.1
4604D. 192.168.168.168
4605Answer: B
4606NO.487 Which of the following is NOT an ideal choice for biometric controls?
4607A. Iris patterns
4608B. Fingerprints
4609C. Height and weight
4610D. Voice
4611Answer: C
4612NO.488 In an internal security audit, the white hat hacker gains control over a user account and
4613attempts to acquire access to another account's confidential files and information. How can he
4614achieve this?
4615A. Port Scanning
4616B. Hacking Active Directory
4617C. Privilege Escalation
4618D. Shoulder-Surfing
4619Answer: C
4620NO.489 Which of the following is designed to verify and authenticate individuals taking part in a
4621data exchange within an enterprise?
4622A. SOA
4623B. Single-Sign On
4624C. PKI
4625D. Biometrics
4626Answer: C
4627123
4628IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4629NO.490 One of your team members has asked you to analyze the following SOA record.
4630What is the TTL? Rutgers.edu.SOA NS1.Rutgers.edu ipad.college.edu (200302028 3600 3600 604800
46312400.)
4632A. 200303028
4633B. 3600
4634C. 604800
4635D. 2400
4636E. 60
4637F. 4800
4638Answer: D
4639NO.491 Which one of the following Google advanced search operators allows an attacker to restrict
4640the results to those websites in the given domain?
4641A. [cache:]
4642B. [site:]
4643C. [inurl:]
4644D. [link:]
4645Answer: B
4646NO.492 Which of the following is a primary service of the U.S. Computer Security Incident Response
4647Team (CSIRT)?
4648A. CSIRT provides an incident response service to enable a reliable and trusted single point of contact
4649for reporting computer security incidents worldwide.
4650B. CSIRT provides a computer security surveillance service to supply a government with important
4651intelligence information on individuals travelling abroad.
4652C. CSIRT provides a penetration testing service to support exception reporting on incidents
4653worldwide by individuals and multi-national corporations.
4654D. CSIRT provides a vulnerability assessment service to assist law enforcement agencies with profiling
4655an individual's property or company's asset.
4656Answer: A
4657NO.493 Which specific element of security testing is being assured by using hash?
4658A. Authentication
4659B. Integrity
4660C. Confidentiality
4661D. Availability
4662Answer: B
4663NO.494 Which of the following Bluetooth hacking techniques does an attacker use to send messages
4664to users without the recipient's consent, similar to email spamming?
4665A. Bluesmacking
4666B. Bluesniffing
4667C. Bluesnarfing
4668124
4669IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4670D. Bluejacking
4671Answer: D
4672NO.495 While performing online banking using a Web browser, Kyle receives an email that contains
4673an image of a well-crafted art. Upon clicking the image, a new tab on the web browser opens and
4674shows an animated GIF of bills and coins being swallowed by a crocodile. After several days, Kyle
4675noticed that all his funds on the bank was gone. What Web browser-based security vulnerability got
4676exploited by the hacker?
4677A. Clickjacking
4678B. Web Form Input Validation
4679C. Cross-Site Request Forgery
4680D. Cross-Site Scripting
4681Answer: C
4682NO.496 Which of the following is the most important phase of ethical hacking wherein you need to
4683spend considerable amount of time?
4684A. Gaining access
4685B. Escalating privileges
4686C. Network mapping
4687D. Footprinting
4688Answer: D
4689NO.497 Vlady works in a fishing company where the majority of the employees have very little
4690understanding of IT let alone IT Security. Several information security issues that Vlady often found
4691includes, employees sharing password, writing his/her password on a post it note and stick it to
4692his/her desk, leaving the computer unlocked, didn't log out from emails or other social media
4693accounts, and etc.
4694After discussing with his boss, Vlady decided to make some changes to improve the security
4695environment in his company. The first thing that Vlady wanted to do is to make the employees
4696understand the importance of keeping confidential information, such as password, a secret and they
4697should not share it with other persons.
4698Which of the following steps should be the first thing that Vlady should do to make the employees in
4699his company understand to importance of keeping confidential information a secret?
4700A. Warning to those who write password on a post it note and put it on his/her desk
4701B. Developing a strict information security policy
4702C. Information security awareness training
4703D. Conducting a one to one discussion with the other employees about the importance of
4704information security
4705Answer: A
4706NO.498 A specific site received 91 ICMP_ECHO packets within 90 minutes from 47 different sites.
470777 of the ICMP_ECHO packets had an ICMP ID:39612 and Seq:57072. 13 of the ICMP_ECHO packets
4708had an ICMP ID:0 and Seq:0. What can you infer from this information?
4709A. The packets were sent by a worm spoofing the IP addresses of 47 infected sites
4710125
4711IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4712B. ICMP ID and Seq numbers were most likely set by a tool and not by the operating system
4713C. All 77 packets came from the same LAN segment and hence had the same ICMP ID and Seq
4714number
4715D. 13 packets were from an external network and probably behind a NAT, as they had an ICMP ID 0
4716and Seq 0
4717Answer: B
4718NO.499 XOR is a common cryptographic tool. 10110001 XOR 00111010 is?
4719A. 10111100
4720B. 11011000
4721C. 10011101
4722D. 10001011
4723Answer: D
4724NO.500 During a penetration test, a tester finds that the web application being analyzed is
4725vulnerable to Cross Site Scripting (XSS). Which of the following conditions must be met to exploit this
4726vulnerability?
4727A. The web application does not have the secure flag set.
4728B. The session cookies do not have the HttpOnly flag set.
4729C. The victim user should not have an endpoint security solution.
4730D. The victim's browser must have ActiveX technology enabled.
4731Answer: B
4732NO.501 Cryptography is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the
4733presence of third parties (called adversaries.) More generally, it is about constructing and analyzing
4734protocols that overcome the influence of adversaries and that are related to various aspects in
4735information security such as data confidentiality, data integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation.
4736Modern cryptography intersects the disciplines of mathematics, computer science, and electrical
4737engineering. Applications of cryptography include ATM cards, computer passwords, and electronic
4738commerce.
4739Basic example to understand how cryptography works is given below:
4740Which of the following choices is true about cryptography?
4741A. Algorithm is not the secret, key is the secret.
4742B. Symmetric-key algorithms are a class of algorithms for cryptography that use the different
4743cryptographic keys for both encryption of plaintext and decryption of ciphertext.
4744C. Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) use the asymmetric encryption both (public/private key pair) to deliver
4745the shared session key and to achieve a communication way.
4746D. Public-key cryptography, also known as asymmetric cryptography, public key is for decrypt, private
4747key is for encrypt.
4748126
4749IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4750Answer: C
4751NO.502 Which of the following cryptography attack is an understatement for the extraction of
4752cryptographic secrets (e.g. the password to an encrypted file) from a person by a coercion or torture?
4753A. Chosen-Cipher text Attack
4754B. Ciphertext-only Attack
4755C. Timing Attack
4756D. Rubber Hose Attack
4757Answer: D
4758NO.503 Which of the following is a detective control?
4759A. Smart card authentication
4760B. Security policy
4761C. Audit trail
4762D. Continuity of operations plan
4763Answer: C
4764NO.504 Which of the following is a common Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) vulnerability?
4765A. Cross-site scripting
4766B. SQL injection
4767C. VPath injection
4768D. XML denial of service issues
4769Answer: D
4770NO.505 Which of the following is considered as one of the most reliable forms of TCP scanning?
4771A. TCP Connect/Full Open Scan
4772B. Half-open Scan
4773C. NULL Scan
4774D. Xmas Scan
4775Answer: A
4776NO.506 Why would you consider sending an email to an address that you know does not exist
4777within the company you are performing a Penetration Test for?
4778A. To determine who is the holder of the root account
4779B. To perform a DoS
4780C. To create needless SPAM
4781D. To illicit a response back that will reveal information about email servers and how they treat
4782undeliverable mail
4783E. To test for virus protection
4784Answer: D
4785NO.507 ........is an attack type for a rogue Wi-Fi access point that appears to be a legitimate one
4786offered on the premises, but actually has been set up to eavesdrop on wireless communications. It is
4787127
4788IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4789the wireless version of the phishing scam. An attacker fools wireless users into connecting a laptop or
4790mobile phone to a tainted hotspot by posing as a legitimate provider. This type of attack may be used
4791to steal the passwords of unsuspecting users by either snooping the communication link or by
4792phishing, which involves setting up a fraudulent web site and luring people there.
4793Fill in the blank with appropriate choice.
4794A. Collision Attack
4795B. Evil Twin Attack
4796C. Sinkhole Attack
4797D. Signal Jamming Attack
4798Answer: B
4799NO.508 Which NMAP feature can a tester implement or adjust while scanning for open ports to
4800avoid detection by the network's IDS?
4801A. Timing options to slow the speed that the port scan is conducted
4802B. Fingerprinting to identify which operating systems are running on the network
4803C. ICMP ping sweep to determine which hosts on the network are not available
4804D. Traceroute to control the path of the packets sent during the scan
4805Answer: A
4806NO.509 Susan has attached to her company's network. She has managed to synchronize her boss's
4807sessions with that of the file server. She then intercepted his traffic destined for the server, changed
4808it the way she wanted to and then placed it on the server in his home directory.
4809What kind of attack is Susan carrying on?
4810A. A sniffing attack
4811B. A spoofing attack
4812C. A man in the middle attack
4813D. A denial of service attack
4814Answer: C
4815NO.510 Matthew received an email with an attachment named "YouWon$10Grand.zip." The zip file
4816contains a file named "HowToClaimYourPrize.docx.exe." Out of excitement and curiosity, Matthew
4817opened the said file.
4818Without his knowledge, the file copies itself to Matthew's APPDATA\IocaI directory and begins to
4819beacon to a Command-and-control server to download additional malicious binaries. What type of
4820malware has Matthew encountered?
4821A. Key-logger
4822B. Trojan
4823C. Worm
4824D. Macro Virus
4825Answer: B
4826NO.511 Nation-state threat actors often discover vulnerabilities and hold on to them until they want
4827to launch a sophisticated attack. The Stuxnet attack was an unprecedented style of attack because it
4828used four types of vulnerability.
4829128
4830IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4831What is this style of attack called?
4832A. zero-day
4833B. zero-hour
4834C. zero-sum
4835D. no-day
4836Answer: A
4837Explanation
4838Stuxnet is a malicious computer worm believed to be a jointly built American-Israeli cyber weapon.
4839Exploiting four zero-day flaws, Stuxnet functions by targeting machines using the Microsoft Windows
4840operating system and networks, then seeking out Siemens Step7 software.
4841References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuxnet
4842NO.512 A network security administrator is worried about potential man-in-the-middle attacks
4843when users access a corporate web site from their workstations. Which of the following is the best
4844remediation against this type of attack?
4845A. Implementing server-side PKI certificates for all connections
4846B. Mandating only client-side PKI certificates for all connections
4847C. Requiring client and server PKI certificates for all connections
4848D. Requiring strong authentication for all DNS queries
4849Answer: C
4850NO.513 What is not a PCI compliance recommendation?
4851A. Limit access to card holder data to as few individuals as possible.
4852B. Use encryption to protect all transmission of card holder data over any public network.
4853C. Rotate employees handling credit card transactions on a yearly basis to different departments.
4854D. Use a firewall between the public network and the payment card data.
4855Answer: C
4856NO.514 When you are testing a web application, it is very useful to employ a proxy tool to save
4857every request and response. You can manually test every request and analyze the response to find
4858vulnerabilities. You can test parameter and headers manually to get more precise results than if using
4859web vulnerability scanners.
4860What proxy tool will help you find web vulnerabilities?
4861A. Burpsuite
4862B. Maskgen
4863C. Dimitry
4864D. Proxychains
4865Answer: A
4866Explanation
4867Burp Suite is an integrated platform for performing security testing of web applications. Its various
4868tools work seamlessly together to support the entire testing process, from initial mapping and
4869analysis of an application's attack surface, through to finding and exploiting security vulnerabilities.
4870References: https://portswigger.net/burp/
4871129
4872IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4873NO.515 Which of the following algorithms provides better protection against brute force attacks by
4874using a 160-bit message digest?
4875A. MD5
4876B. SHA-1
4877C. RC4
4878D. MD4
4879Answer: B
4880NO.516 During a penetration test, the tester conducts an ACK scan using NMAP against the external
4881interface of the DMZ firewall. NMAP reports that port 80 is unfiltered. Based on this response, which
4882type of packet inspection is the firewall conducting?
4883A. Host
4884B. Stateful
4885C. Stateless
4886D. Application
4887Answer: C
4888NO.517 Which tool allows analysts and pen testers to examine links between data using graphs and
4889link analysis?
4890A. Maltego
4891B. Cain & Abel
4892C. Metasploit
4893D. Wireshark
4894Answer: A
4895Explanation
4896Maltego is proprietary software used for open-source intelligence and forensics, developed by
4897Paterva.
4898Maltego focuses on providing a library of transforms for discovery of data from open sources, and
4899visualizing that information in a graph format, suitable for link analysis and data mining.
4900References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maltego
4901NO.518 This configuration allows NIC to pass all traffic it receives to the Central Processing Unit
4902(CPU), instead of passing only the frames that the controller is intended to receive. Select the option
4903that BEST describes the above statement.
4904A. Multi-cast mode
4905B. WEM
4906C. Promiscuous mode
4907D. Port forwarding
4908Answer: C
4909NO.519 Yancey is a network security administrator for a large electric company. This company
4910provides power for over 100, 000 people in Las Vegas. Yancey has worked for his company for over
491115 years and has become very successful. One day, Yancey comes in to work and finds out that the
4912company will be downsizing and he will be out of a job in two weeks. Yancey is very angry and
4913130
4914IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4915decides to place logic bombs, viruses, Trojans, and backdoors all over the network to take down the
4916company once he has left. Yancey does not care if his actions land him in jail for 30 or more years, he
4917just wants the company to pay for what they are doing to him.
4918What would Yancey be considered?
4919A. Yancey would be considered a Suicide Hacker
4920B. Since he does not care about going to jail, he would be considered a Black Hat
4921C. Because Yancey works for the company currently; he would be a White Hat
4922D. Yancey is a Hacktivist Hacker since he is standing up to a company that is downsizing
4923Answer: A
4924NO.520 An enterprise recently moved to a new office and the new neighborhood is a little risky. The
4925CEO wants to monitor the physical perimeter and the entrance doors 24 hours. What is the best
4926option to do this job?
4927A. Use fences in the entrance doors.
4928B. Install a CCTV with cameras pointing to the entrance doors and the street.
4929C. Use an IDS in the entrance doors and install some of them near the corners.
4930D. Use lights in all the entrance doors and along the company's perimeter.
4931Answer: B
4932NO.521 What technique is used to perform a Connection Stream Parameter Pollution (CSPP) attack?
4933A. Injecting parameters into a connection string using semicolons as a separator
4934B. Inserting malicious Javascript code into input parameters
4935C. Setting a user's session identifier (SID) to an explicit known value
4936D. Adding multiple parameters with the same name in HTTP requests
4937Answer: A
4938NO.522 You have successfully comprised a server having an IP address of 10.10.0.5. You would like
4939to enumerate all machines in the same network quickly.
4940What is the best nmap command you will use?
4941A. nmap -T4 -F 10.10.0.0/24
4942B. nmap -T4 -r 10.10.1.0/24
4943C. nmap -T4 -O 10.10.0.0/24
4944D. nmap -T4 -q 10.10.0.0/24
4945Answer: A
4946Explanation
4947command = nmap -T4 -F
4948description = This scan is faster than a normal scan because it uses the aggressive timing template
4949and scans fewer ports.
4950References: https://svn.nmap.org/nmap/zenmap/share/zenmap/config/scan_profile.usp
4951NO.523 Suppose you've gained access to your client's hybrid network. On which port should you
4952listen to in order to know which Microsoft Windows workstations has its file sharing enabled?
4953A. 1433
4954B. 161
4955131
4956IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4957C. 445
4958D. 3389
4959Answer:C
4960NO.524 The company ABC recently discovered that their new product was released by the
4961opposition before their premiere. They contract an investigator who discovered that the maid threw
4962away papers with confidential information about the new product and the opposition found it in the
4963garbage. What is the name of the technique used by the opposition?
4964A. Hack attack
4965B. Sniffing
4966C. Dumpster diving
4967D. Spying
4968Answer: C
4969NO.525 When you return to your desk after a lunch break, you notice a strange email in your inbox.
4970The sender is someone you did business with recently, but the subject line has strange characters in
4971it.
4972What should you do?
4973A. Forward the message to your company's security response team and permanently delete the
4974message from your computer.
4975B. Reply to the sender and ask them for more information about the message contents.
4976C. Delete the email and pretend nothing happened
4977D. Forward the message to your supervisor and ask for her opinion on how to handle the situation
4978Answer: A
4979Explanation
4980By setting up an email address for your users to forward any suspicious email to, the emails can be
4981automatically scanned and replied to, with security incidents created to follow up on any emails with
4982attached malware or links to known bad websites.
4983References:
4984https://docs.servicenow.com/bundle/helsinki-security-management/page/product/threat-
4985intelligence/task/t_Confi
4986NO.526 Which of the following is a symmetric cryptographic standard?
4987A. DSA
4988B. PKI
4989C. RSA
4990D. 3DES
4991Answer: D
4992NO.527 In this attack, a victim receives an e-mail claiming from PayPal stating that their account has
4993been disabled and confirmation is required before activation. The attackers then scam to collect not
4994one but two credit card numbers, ATM PIN number and other personal details. Ignorant users usually
4995fall prey to this scam.
4996Which of the following statement is incorrect related to this attack?
4997132
4998IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
4999A. Do not reply to email messages or popup ads asking for personal or financial information
5000B. Do not trust telephone numbers in e-mails or popup ads
5001C. Review credit card and bank account statements regularly
5002D. Antivirus, anti-spyware, and firewall software can very easily detect these type of attacks
5003E. Do not send credit card numbers, and personal or financial information via e-mail
5004Answer: D
5005NO.528 ICMP ping and ping sweeps are used to check for active systems and to check
5006A. if ICMP ping traverses a firewall.
5007B. the route that the ICMP ping took.
5008C. the location of the switchport in relation to the ICMP ping.
5009D. the number of hops an ICMP ping takes to reach a destination.
5010Answer: A
5011NO.529 While conducting a penetration test, the tester determines that there is a firewall between
5012the tester's machine and the target machine. The firewall is only monitoring TCP handshaking of
5013packets at the session layer of the OSI model. Which type of firewall is the tester trying to traverse?
5014A. Packet filtering firewall
5015B. Application-level firewall
5016C. Circuit-level gateway firewall
5017D. Stateful multilayer inspection firewall
5018Answer: C
5019NO.530 A penetration tester is conducting a port scan on a specific host. The tester found several
5020ports opened that were confusing in concluding the Operating System (OS) version installed.
5021Considering the NMAP result below, which of the following is likely to be installed on the target
5022machine by the OS?
5023A. The host is likely a printer.
5024B. The host is likely a Windows machine.
5025C. The host is likely a Linux machine.
5026D. The host is likely a router.
5027Answer: A
5028Explanation
5029133
5030IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5031The Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) uses port 631.
5032References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_TCP_and_UDP_port_numbers
5033NO.531 DHCP snooping is a great solution to prevent rogue DHCP servers on your network. Which
5034security feature on switches leverages the DHCP snooping database to help prevent man-in-the-
5035middle attacks?
5036A. Port security
5037B. A Layer 2 Attack Prevention Protocol (LAPP)
5038C. Dynamic ARP inspection (DAI)
5039D. Spanning tree
5040Answer: C
5041NO.532 What would you enter, if you wanted to perform a stealth scan using Nmap?
5042A. nmap -sU
5043B. nmap -sS
5044C. nmap -sM
5045D. nmap -sT
5046Answer: B
5047NO.533 Which of the following conditions must be given to allow a tester to exploit a Cross-Site
5048Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerable web application?
5049A. The victim user must open the malicious link with an Internet Explorer prior to version 8.
5050B. The session cookies generated by the application do not have the HttpOnly flag set.
5051C. The victim user must open the malicious link with a Firefox prior to version 3.
5052D. The web application should not use random tokens.
5053Answer: D
5054NO.534 What is the best Nmap command to use when you want to list all devices in the same
5055network quickly after you successfully identified a server whose IP address is 10.10.0.5?
5056A. nmap -T4 -F 10.10.0.0/24
5057B. nmap -T4 -q 10.10.0.0/24
5058C. nmap -T4 -O 10.10.0.0/24
5059D. nmap -T4 -r 10.10.1.0/24
5060Answer: A
5061NO.535 In Wireshark, the packet bytes panes show the data of the current packet in which format?
5062A. Decimal
5063B. ASCII only
5064C. Binary
5065D. Hexadecimal
5066Answer: D
5067NO.536 While doing a Black box pen test via the TCP port (80), you noticed that the traffic gets
5068blocked when you tried to pass IRC traffic from a web enabled host. However, you also noticed that
5069134
5070IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5071outbound HTTP traffic is being allowed. What type of firewall is being utilized for the outbound
5072traffic?
5073A. Stateful
5074B. Application
5075C. Circuit
5076D. Packet Filtering
5077Answer: B
5078NO.537 What is the correct process for the TCP three-way handshake connection establishment and
5079connection termination?
5080A. Connection Establishment: FIN, ACK-FIN, ACKConnection Termination: SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK
5081B. Connection Establishment: SYN, SYN-ACK, ACKConnection Termination: ACK, ACK-SYN, SYN
5082C. Connection Establishment: ACK, ACK-SYN, SYNConnection Termination: FIN, ACK-FIN, ACK
5083D. Connection Establishment: SYN, SYN-ACK, ACKConnection Termination: FIN, ACK-FIN, ACK
5084Answer: D
5085NO.538 As an Ethical Hacker you are capturing traffic from your customer network with Wireshark
5086and you need to find and verify just SMTP traffic. What command in Wireshark will help you to find
5087this kind of traffic?
5088A. request smtp 25
5089B. tcp.port eq 25
5090C. smtp port
5091D. tcp.contains port 25
5092Answer: B
5093NO.539 Which of the following is a design pattern based on distinct pieces of software providing
5094application functionality as services to other applications?
5095A. Service Oriented Architecture
5096B. Object Oriented Architecture
5097C. Lean Coding
5098D. Agile Process
5099Answer: A
5100Explanation
5101A service-oriented architecture (SOA) is an architectural pattern in computer software design in
5102which application components provide services to other components via a communications protocol,
5103typically over a network.
5104References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service-oriented_architecture
5105NO.540 What is the way to decide how a packet will move from an untrusted outside host to a
5106protected inside that is behind a firewall, which permits the hacker to determine which ports are
5107open and if the packets can pass through the packet-filtering of the firewall?
5108A. Firewalking
5109B. Session hijacking
5110C. Network sniffing
5111135
5112IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5113D. Man-in-the-middle attack
5114Answer: A
5115NO.541 The collection of potentially actionable, overt, and publicly available information is known
5116as
5117A. Open-source intelligence
5118B. Human intelligence
5119C. Social intelligence
5120D. Real intelligence
5121Answer: A
5122NO.542 Which of the following parameters enables NMAP's operating system detection feature?
5123A. NMAP -sV
5124B. NMAP -oS
5125C. NMAP -sR
5126D. NMAP -O
5127Answer: D
5128NO.543 Which of the following is the structure designed to verify and authenticate the identity of
5129individuals within the enterprise taking part in a data exchange?
5130A. PKI
5131B. single sign on
5132C. biometrics
5133D. SOA
5134Answer: A
5135Explanation
5136A public key infrastructure (PKI) is a set of roles, policies, and procedures needed to create, manage,
5137distribute, use, store, and revoke digital certificates [1] and manage public-key encryption. The
5138purpose of a PKI is to facilitate the secure electronic transfer of information for a range of network
5139activities such as e-commerce, internet banking and confidential email.
5140References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_infrastructure
5141NO.544 What network security concept requires multiple layers of security controls to be placed
5142throughout an IT infrastructure, which improves the security posture of an organization to defend
5143against malicious attacks or potential vulnerabilities?
5144A. Security through obscurity
5145B. Host-Based Intrusion Detection System
5146C. Defense in depth
5147D. Network-Based Intrusion Detection System
5148Answer: C
5149NO.545 An attacker attaches a rogue router in a network. He wants to redirect traffic to a LAN
5150attached to his router as part of a man-in-the-middle attack. What measure on behalf of the
5151legitimate admin can mitigate this attack?
5152136
5153IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5154A. Only using OSPFv3 will mitigate this risk.
5155B. Make sure that legitimate network routers are configured to run routing protocols with
5156authentication.
5157C. Redirection of the traffic cannot happen unless the admin allows it explicitly.
5158D. Disable all routing protocols and only use static routes.
5159Answer: B
5160NO.546 Which of the following is an advantage of utilizing security testing methodologies to conduct
5161a security audit?
5162A. They provide a repeatable framework.
5163B. Anyone can run the command line scripts.
5164C. They are available at low cost.
5165D. They are subject to government regulation.
5166Answer: A
5167NO.547 Darius is analysing logs from IDS. He want to understand what have triggered one alert and
5168verify if it's true positive or false positive. Looking at the logs he copy and paste basic details like
5169below:
5170source IP: 192.168.21.100
5171source port: 80
5172destination IP: 192.168.10.23
5173destination port: 63221
5174What is the most proper answer.
5175A. This is most probably true negative.
5176B. This is most probably true positive which triggered on secure communication between client and
5177server.
5178C. This is most probably false-positive, because an alert triggered on reversed traffic.
5179D. This is most probably false-positive because IDS is monitoring one direction traffic.
5180Answer: A
5181NO.548 You are tasked to perform a penetration test. While you are performing information
5182gathering, you find an employee list in Google. You find the receptionist's email, and you send her an
5183email changing the source email to her boss's email( boss@company ). In this email, you ask for a pdf
5184with information. She reads your email and sends back a pdf with links. You exchange the pdf links
5185with your malicious links (these links contain malware) and send back the modified pdf, saying that
5186the links don't work. She reads your email, opens the links, and her machine gets infected. You now
5187have access to the company network.
5188What testing method did you use?
5189A. Social engineering
5190B. Tailgating
5191C. Piggybacking
5192D. Eavesdropping
5193Answer: A
5194Explanation
5195137
5196IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5197Social engineering, in the context of information security, refers to psychological manipulation of
5198people into performing actions or divulging confidential information. A type of confidence trick for
5199the purpose of information gathering, fraud, or system access, it differs from a traditional "con" in
5200that it is often one of many steps in a more complex fraud scheme.
5201NO.549 SNMP is a protocol used to query hosts, servers, and devices about performance or health
5202status data. This protocol has long been used by hackers to gather great amount of information
5203about remote hosts. Which of the following features makes this possible? (Choose two.)
5204A. It used TCP as the underlying protocol.
5205B. It uses community string that is transmitted in clear text.
5206C. It is susceptible to sniffing.
5207D. It is used by all network devices on the market.
5208Answer: B D
5209NO.550 Firewalk has just completed the second phase (the scanning phase) and a technician
5210receives the output shown below. What conclusions can be drawn based on these scan results?
5211A. The firewall itself is blocking ports 21 through 23 and a service is listening on port 23 of the target
5212host.
5213B. The lack of response from ports 21 and 22 indicate that those services are not running on the
5214destination server.
5215C. The scan on port 23 passed through the filtering device. This indicates that port 23 was not
5216blocked at the firewall.
5217D. The scan on port 23 was able to make a connection to the destination host prompting the firewall
5218to respond with a TTL error.
5219Answer: C
5220NO.551 Which of the following is a component of a risk assessment?
5221A. Physical security
5222B. Administrative safeguards
5223C. DMZ
5224D. Logical interface
5225Answer: B
5226NO.552 Which cipher encrypts the plain text digit (bit or byte) one by one?
5227A. Classical cipher
5228B. Block cipher
5229C. Modern cipher
5230D. Stream cipher
5231Answer: D
5232NO.553 Which type of access control is used on a router or firewall to limit network activity?
5233138
5234IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5235A. Mandatory
5236B. Discretionary
5237C. Rule-based
5238D. Role-based
5239Answer: C
5240NO.554 If a token and 4-digit personal identification number (PIN) are used to access a computer
5241system and the token performs off-line checking for the correct PIN, what type of attack is possible?
5242A. Birthday
5243B. Brute force
5244C. Man-in-the-middle
5245D. Smurf
5246Answer: B
5247NO.555 Which of the following is designed to identify malicious attempts to penetrate systems?
5248A. Intrusion Detection System
5249B. Firewall
5250C. Proxy
5251D. Router
5252Answer: A
5253Explanation
5254An intrusion detection system (IDS) is a device or software application that monitors network or
5255system activities for malicious activities or policy violations and produces electronic reports to a
5256management station.
5257References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrusion_detection_system
5258NO.556 Which of the following is assured by the use of a hash?
5259A. Integrity
5260B. Confidentiality
5261C. Authentication
5262D. Availability
5263Answer: A
5264Explanation
5265An important application of secure hashes is verification of message integrity. Determining whether
5266any changes have been made to a message (or a file), for example, can be accomplished by
5267comparing message digests calculated before, and after, transmission (or any other event).
5268References:
5269https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_hash_function#Verifying_the_integrity_of_files_or_mes
5270sages
5271NO.557 What is the minimum number of network connections in a multi homed firewall?
5272A. 3
5273B. 5
5274C. 4
5275139
5276IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5277D. 2
5278Answer:A
5279NO.558 How does the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) work?
5280A. It sends a request packet to all the network elements, asking for the MAC address from a specific
5281IP.
5282B. It sends a reply packet to all the network elements, asking for the MAC address from a specific IP.
5283C. It sends a reply packet for a specific IP, asking for the MAC address.
5284D. It sends a request packet to all the network elements, asking for the domain name from a specific
5285IP.
5286Answer: A
5287Explanation
5288When an incoming packet destined for a host machine on a particular local area network arrives at a
5289gateway, the gateway asks the ARP program to find a physical host or MAC address that matches the
5290IP address. The ARP program looks in the ARP cache and, if it finds the address, provides it so that the
5291packet can be converted to the right packet length and format and sent to the machine. If no entry is
5292found for the IP address, ARP broadcasts a request packet in a special format to all the machines on
5293the LAN to see if one machine knows that it has that IP address associated with it. A machine that
5294recognizes the IP address as its own returns a reply so indicating. ARP updates the ARP cache for
5295future reference and then sends the packet to the MAC address that replied.
5296References:
5297http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/Address-Resolution-Protocol-ARP
5298NO.559 Which security strategy requires using several, varying methods to protect IT systems
5299against attacks?
5300A. Defense in depth
5301B. Three-way handshake
5302C. Covert channels
5303D. Exponential backoff algorithm
5304Answer: A
5305NO.560 Which of the following techniques does a vulnerability scanner use in order to detect a
5306vulnerability on a target service?
5307A. Port scanning
5308B. Banner grabbing
5309C. Injecting arbitrary data
5310D. Analyzing service response
5311Answer: D
5312NO.561 How can you determine if an LM hash you extracted contains a password that is less than 8
5313characters long?
5314A. There is no way to tell because a hash cannot be reversed
5315B. The right most portion of the hash is always the same
5316C. The hash always starts with AB923D
5317140
5318IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5319D. The left most portion of the hash is always the same
5320E. A portion of the hash will be all 0's
5321Answer: B
5322NO.562 Which of the following guidelines or standards is associated with the credit card industry?
5323A. Control Objectives for Information and Related Technology (COBIT)
5324B. Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX)
5325C. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
5326D. Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards (PCI DSS)
5327Answer: D
5328NO.563
5329Identify the correct terminology that defines the above statement.
5330A. Vulnerability Scanning
5331B. Penetration Testing
5332C. Security Policy Implementation
5333D. Designing Network Security
5334Answer: B
5335NO.564 An attacker tries to do banner grabbing on a remote web server and executes the following
5336command.
5337Service
5338detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at http://nmap.org/submit/.
5339Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 6.42 seconds
5340What did the hacker accomplish?
5341A. nmap can't retrieve the version number of any running remote service.
5342B. The hacker successfully completed the banner grabbing.
5343C. The hacker should've used nmap -O host.domain.com.
5344D. The hacker failed to do banner grabbing as he didn't get the version of the Apache web server.
5345Answer: B
5346NO.565 What is the main difference between a "Normal" SQL Injection and a "Blind" SQL Injection
5347vulnerability?
5348A. The request to the web server is not visible to the administrator of the vulnerable application.
5349B. The attack is called "Blind" because, although the application properly filters user input, it is still
5350141
5351IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5352vulnerable to code injection.
5353C. The successful attack does not show an error message to the administrator of the affected
5354application.
5355D. The vulnerable application does not display errors with information about the injection results to
5356the attacker.
5357Answer: D
5358NO.566 Fingerprinting an Operating System helps a cracker because:
5359A. It defines exactly what software you have installed
5360B. It opens a security-delayed window based on the port being scanned
5361C. It doesn't depend on the patches that have been applied to fix existing security holes
5362D. It informs the cracker of which vulnerabilities he may be able to exploit on your system
5363Answer: D
5364NO.567 You are attempting to man-in-the-middle a session. Which protocol will allow you to guess a
5365sequence number?
5366A. TCP
5367B. UPD
5368C. ICMP
5369D. UPX
5370Answer: A
5371Explanation
5372At the establishment of a TCP session the client starts by sending a SYN-packet (SYN=synchronize)
5373with a sequence number. To hijack a session it is required to send a packet with a right seq-number,
5374otherwise they are dropped.
5375References: https://www.exploit-db.com/papers/13587/
5376NO.568 First thing you do every office day is to check your email inbox. One morning, you received
5377an email from your best friend and the subject line is quite strange. What should you do?
5378A. Delete the email and pretend nothing happened.
5379B. Forward the message to your supervisor and ask for her opinion on how to handle the situation.
5380C. Forward the message to your company's security response team and permanently delete the
5381messagefrom your computer.
5382D. Reply to the sender and ask them for more information about the message contents.
5383Answer: C
5384NO.569 During a blackbox pen test you attempt to pass IRC traffic over port 80/TCP from a
5385compromised web enabled host. The traffic gets blocked; however, outbound HTTP traffic is
5386unimpeded.
5387What type of firewall is inspecting outbound traffic?
5388A. Application
5389B. Circuit
5390C. Stateful
5391D. Packet Filtering
5392142
5393IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5394Answer: A
5395Explanation
5396An application firewall is an enhanced firewall that limits access by applications to the operating
5397system (OS) of a computer. Conventional firewalls merely control the flow of data to and from the
5398central processing unit (CPU), examining each packet and determining whether or not to forward it
5399toward a particular destination.
5400An application firewall offers additional protection by controlling the execution of files or the
5401handling of data by specific applications.
5402References:
5403http://searchsoftwarequality.techtarget.com/definition/application-firewall
5404NO.570 Neil notices that a single address is generating traffic from its port 500 to port 500 of several
5405other machines on the network. This scan is eating up most of the network bandwidth and Neil is
5406concerned. As a security professional, what would you infer from this scan?
5407A. It is a network fault and the originating machine is in a network loop
5408B. It is a worm that is malfunctioning or hardcoded to scan on port 500
5409C. The attacker is trying to detect machines on the network which have SSL enabled
5410D. The attacker is trying to determine the type of VPN implementation and checking for IPSec
5411Answer: D
5412NO.571 Take a look at the following attack on a Web Server using obstructed URL:
5413How would you protect from these attacks?
5414A. Configure the Web Server to deny requests involving "hex encoded" characters
5415B. Create rules in IDS to alert on strange Unicode requests
5416C. Use SSL authentication on Web Servers
5417D. Enable Active Scripts Detection at the firewall and routers
5418Answer: B
5419NO.572 Which of the following does proper basic configuration of snort as a network intrusion
5420detection system require?
5421A. Limit the packets captured to the snort configuration file.
5422B. Capture every packet on the network segment.
5423C. Limit the packets captured to a single segment.
5424D. Limit the packets captured to the /var/log/snort directory.
5425Answer: A
5426143
5427IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5428NO.573 Defining rules, collaborating human workforce, creating a backup plan, and testing the plans
5429are within what phase of the Incident Handling Process?
5430A. Preparation phase
5431B. Containment phase
5432C. Recovery phase
5433D. Identification phase
5434Answer: A
5435NO.574 Which of the following BEST describes how Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) works?
5436A. It sends a reply packet for a specific IP, asking for the MAC address
5437B. It sends a reply packet to all the network elements, asking for the MAC address from a specific IP
5438C. It sends a request packet to all the network elements, asking for the domain name from a specific
5439IP
5440D. It sends a request packet to all the network elements, asking for the MAC address from a specific
5441IP
5442Answer: D
5443NO.575 It is a short-range wireless communication technology that allows mobile phones,
5444computers and other devices to connect and communicate. This technology intends to replace cables
5445connecting portable devices with high regards to security.
5446A. Bluetooth
5447B. Radio-Frequency Identification
5448C. WLAN
5449D. InfraRed
5450Answer: A
5451NO.576 What is the benefit of performing an unannounced Penetration Testing?
5452A. The tester will have an actual security posture visibility of the target network.
5453B. Network security would be in a "best state" posture.
5454C. It is best to catch critical infrastructure unpatched.
5455D. The tester could not provide an honest analysis.
5456Answer: A
5457Explanation
5458Real life attacks will always come without expectation and they will often arrive in ways that are
5459highly creative and very hard to plan for at all. This is, after all, exactly how hackers continue to
5460succeed against network security systems, despite the billions invested in the data protection
5461industry.
5462A possible solution to this danger is to conduct intermittent "unannounced" penentration tests
5463whose scheduling and occurrence is only known to the hired attackers and upper management staff
5464instead of every security employee, as would be the case with "announced" penetration tests that
5465everyone has planned for in advance. The former may be better at detecting realistic weaknesses.
5466References:
5467http://www.sitepronews.com/2013/03/20/the-pros-and-cons-of-penetration-testing/
5468144
5469IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5470NO.577 A hacker was able to easily gain access to a website. He was able to log in via the frontend
5471user login form of the website using default or commonly used credentials. This exploitation is an
5472example of what Software design flaw?
5473A. Insufficient security management
5474B. Insufficient database hardening
5475C. Insufficient input validation
5476D. Insufficient exception handling
5477Answer: B
5478NO.578 When an alert rule is matched in a network-based IDS like snort, the IDS does which of the
5479following?
5480A. Drops the packet and moves on to the next one
5481B. Continues to evaluate the packet until all rules are checked
5482C. Stops checking rules, sends an alert, and lets the packet continue
5483D. Blocks the connection with the source IP address in the packet
5484Answer: B
5485NO.579 If there is an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) in intranet, which port scanning technique
5486cannot be used?
5487A. Spoof Scan
5488B. TCP Connect scan
5489C. TCP SYN
5490D. Idle Scan
5491Answer: C
5492NO.580 You are performing information gathering for an important penetration test. You have
5493found pdf, doc, and images in your objective. You decide to extract metadata from these files and
5494analyze it.
5495What tool will help you with the task?
5496A. Metagoofil
5497B. Armitage
5498C. Dimitry
5499D. cdpsnarf
5500Answer: A
5501Explanation
5502Metagoofil is an information gathering tool designed for extracting metadata of public documents
5503(pdf,doc,xls,ppt,docx,pptx,xlsx) belonging to a target company.
5504Metagoofil will perform a search in Google to identify and download the documents to local disk and
5505then will extract the metadata with different libraries like Hachoir, PdfMiner? and others. With the
5506results it will generate a report with usernames, software versions and servers or machine names
5507that will help Penetration testers in the information gathering phase.
5508References:
5509http://www.edge-security.com/metagoofil.php
5510145
5511IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5512NO.581 The network administrator contacts you and tells you that she noticed the temperature on
5513the internal wireless router increases by more than 20% during weekend hours when the office was
5514closed. She asks you to investigate the issue because she is busy dealing with a big conference and
5515she doesn't have time to perform the task.
5516What tool can you use to view the network traffic being sent and received by the wireless router?
5517A. Wireshark
5518B. Nessus
5519C. Netcat
5520D. Netstat
5521Answer: A
5522Explanation
5523Wireshark is a Free and open source packet analyzer. It is used for network troubleshooting, analysis,
5524software and communications protocol development, and education.
5525NO.582 This tool is an 802.11 WEP and WPA-PSK keys cracking program that can recover keys once
5526enough data packets have been captured. It implements the standard FMS attack along with some
5527optimizations like KoreK attacks, as well as the PTW attack, thus making the attack much faster
5528compared to other WEP cracking tools.
5529Which of the following tools is being described?
5530A. Aircrack-ng
5531B. Airguard
5532C. WLAN-crack
5533D. wificracker
5534Answer: A
5535Explanation
5536Aircrack-ng is a complete suite of tools to assess WiFi network security.
5537The default cracking method of Aircrack-ng is PTW, but Aircrack-ng can also use the FMS/KoreK
5538method, which incorporates various statistical attacks to discover the WEP key and uses these in
5539combination with brute forcing.
5540References:
5541http://www.aircrack-ng.org/doku.php?id=aircrack-ng
5542NO.583 An attacker has installed a RAT on a host. The attacker wants to ensure that when a user
5543attempts to go to
5544"www.MyPersonalBank.com", that the user is directed to a phishing site.
5545Which file does the attacker need to modify?
5546A. Hosts
5547B. Sudoers
5548C. Boot.ini
5549D. Networks
5550Answer: A
5551Explanation
5552The hosts file is a computer file used by an operating system to map hostnames to IP addresses. The
5553hosts file contains lines of text consisting of an IP address in the first text field followed by one or
5554146
5555IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5556more host names.
5557References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_(file)
5558NO.584 Bob is going to perform an active session hijack against Brownies Inc. He has found a target
5559that allows session oriented connections (Telnet) and performs the sequence prediction on the target
5560operating system. He manages to find an active session due to the high level of traffic on the
5561network. What is Bob supposed to do next?
5562A. Take over the session
5563B. Reverse sequence prediction
5564C. Guess the sequence numbers
5565D. Take one of the parties offline
5566Answer: C
5567NO.585 The security concept of "separation of duties" is most similar to the operation of which type
5568of security device?
5569A. Firewall
5570B. Bastion host
5571C. Intrusion Detection System
5572D. Honeypot
5573Answer: A
5574Explanation
5575In most enterprises the engineer making a firewall change is also the one reviewing the firewall
5576metrics for unauthorized changes. What if the firewall administrator wanted to hide something? How
5577would anyone ever find out? This is where the separation of duties comes in to focus on the
5578responsibilities of tasks within security.
5579References:
5580http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/tip/Modern-security-management-strategy-requires-security-
5581separation-of-du
5582NO.586 From the following table, identify the wrong answer in terms of Range (ft).
5583A. 802.11b
5584B. 802.11g
5585C. 802.16(WiMax)
5586D. 802.11a
5587Answer: D
5588NO.587 You've just been hired to perform a pen test on an organization that has been subjected to a
5589large-scale attack.
5590The CIO is concerned with mitigating threats and vulnerabilities to totally eliminate risk.
5591147
5592IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5593What is one of the first things you should do when given the job?
5594A. Explain to the CIO that you cannot eliminate all risk, but you will be able to reduce risk to
5595acceptable levels.
5596B. Interview all employees in the company to rule out possible insider threats.
5597C. Establish attribution to suspected attackers.
5598D. Start the wireshark application to start sniffing network traffic.
5599Answer: A
5600Explanation
5601The goals of penetration tests are:
5602References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penetration_test
5603NO.588 Why containers are less secure that virtual machines?
5604A. Host OS on containers has a larger surface attack.
5605B. Containers may full fill disk space of the host.
5606C. A compromise container may cause a CPU starvation of the host.
5607D. Containers are attached to the same virtual network.
5608Answer: A
5609NO.589 To maintain compliance with regulatory requirements, a security audit of the systems on a
5610network must be performed to determine their compliance with security policies. Which one of the
5611following tools would most likely be used in such an audit?
5612A. Vulnerability scanner
5613B. Protocol analyzer
5614C. Port scanner
5615D. Intrusion Detection System
5616Answer: A
5617Explanation
5618A vulnerability scanner is a computer program designed to assess computers, computer systems,
5619networks or applications for weaknesses.
5620They can be run either as part of vulnerability management by those tasked with protecting systems -
5621or by black hat attackers looking to gain unauthorized access.
5622References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulnerability_scanner
5623NO.590 You have retrieved the raw hash values from a Windows 2000 Domain Controller. Using
5624social engineering, you come to know that they are enforcing strong passwords. You understand that
5625all users are required to use passwords that are at least 8 characters in length. All passwords must
5626also use 3 of the 4 following categories:
5627lower case letters, capital letters, numbers and special characters. With your existing knowledge of
5628users, likely user account names and the possibility that they will choose the easiest passwords
5629possible, what would be the fastest type of password cracking attack you can run against these hash
5630values and still get results?
5631A. Online Attack
5632B. Dictionary Attack
5633C. Brute Force Attack
5634148
5635IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5636D. Hybrid Attack
5637Answer: D
5638NO.591 When you are collecting information to perform a data analysis, Google commands are very
5639useful to find sensitive information and files. These files may contain information about passwords,
5640system functions, or documentation.
5641What command will help you to search files using Google as a search engine?
5642A. site: target.com filetype:xls username password email
5643B. inurl: target.com filename:xls username password email
5644C. domain: target.com archive:xls username password email
5645D. site: target.com file:xls username password email
5646Answer: A
5647Explanation
5648If you include site: in your query, Google will restrict your search results to the site or domain you
5649specify.
5650If you include filetype:suffix in your query, Google will restrict the results to pages whose names end
5651in suffix. For example, [ web page evaluation checklist filetype:pdf ] will return Adobe Acrobat pdf
5652files that match the terms "web," "page," "evaluation," and "checklist." References:
5653http://www.googleguide.com/advanced_operators_reference.html
5654NO.592 Which Metasploit Framework tool can help penetration tester for evading Anti-virus
5655Systems?
5656A. msfpayload
5657B. msfcli
5658C. msfencode
5659D. msfd
5660Answer: C
5661NO.593 Sandra has been actively scanning the client network on which she is doing a vulnerability
5662assessment test.
5663While conducting a port scan she notices open ports in the range of 135 to 139.
5664What protocol is most likely to be listening on those ports?
5665A. Finger
5666B. FTP
5667C. Samba
5668D. SMB
5669Answer: D
5670NO.594 At a Windows Server command prompt, which command could be used to list the running
5671services?
5672A. Sc query type= running
5673B. Sc query \\servername
5674C. Sc query
5675D. Sc config
5676149
5677IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5678Answer: C
5679NO.595 The fundamental difference between symmetric and asymmetric key cryptographic systems
5680is that symmetric key cryptography uses which of the following?
5681A. Multiple keys for non-repudiation of bulk data
5682B. Different keys on both ends of the transport medium
5683C. Bulk encryption for data transmission over fiber
5684D. The same key on each end of the transmission medium
5685Answer: D
5686NO.596 What mechanism in Windows prevents a user from accidentally executing a potentially
5687malicious batch (.bat) or PowerShell (.ps1) script?
5688A. User Access Control (UAC)
5689B. Data Execution Prevention (DEP)
5690C. Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR)
5691D. Windows firewall
5692Answer: B
5693NO.597 Knowing the nature of backup tapes, which of the following is the MOST RECOMMENDED
5694way of storing backup tapes?
5695A. In a cool dry environment
5696B. Inside the data center for faster retrieval in a fireproof safe
5697C. In a climate controlled facility offsite
5698D. On a different floor in the same building
5699Answer: C
5700NO.598 Which of the following tools would MOST LIKELY be used to perform security audit on
5701various of forms of network systems?
5702A. Intrusion Detection System
5703B. Vulnerability scanner
5704C. Port scanner
5705D. Protocol analyzer
5706Answer: B
5707NO.599 A company firewall engineer has configured a new DMZ to allow public systems to be
5708located away from the internal network. The engineer has three security zones set:
5709The engineer wants to configure remote desktop access from a fixed IP on the remote network to a
5710remote desktop server in the DMZ. Which rule would best fit this requirement?
5711A. Permit 217.77.88.0/24 11.12.13.0/24 RDP 3389
5712B. Permit 217.77.88.12 11.12.13.50 RDP 3389
5713C. Permit 217.77.88.12 11.12.13.0/24 RDP 3389
5714150
5715IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5716D. Permit 217.77.88.0/24 11.12.13.50 RDP 3389
5717Answer: B
5718NO.600 A consultant has been hired by the V.P. of a large financial organization to assess the
5719company's security posture. During the security testing, the consultant comes across child
5720pornography on the V.P.'s computer.
5721What is the consultant's obligation to the financial organization?
5722A. Say nothing and continue with the security testing.
5723B. Stop work immediately and contact the authorities.
5724C. Delete the pornography, say nothing, and continue security testing.
5725D. Bring the discovery to the financial organization's human resource department.
5726Answer: B
5727NO.601 Tess King is using the nslookup command to craft queries to list all DNS information (such as
5728Name Servers, host names, MX records, CNAME records, glue records (delegation for child Domains),
5729zone serial number, TimeToLive (TTL) records, etc) for a Domain.
5730What do you think Tess King is trying to accomplish? Select the best answer.
5731A. A zone harvesting
5732B. A zone transfer
5733C. A zone update
5734D. A zone estimate
5735Answer: B
5736NO.602 Which of the following is a protocol specifically designed for transporting event messages?
5737A. SYSLOG
5738B. SMS
5739C. SNMP
5740D. ICMP
5741Answer: A
5742Explanation
5743syslog is a standard for message logging. It permits separation of the software that generates
5744messages, the system that stores them, and the software that reports and analyzes them. Each
5745message is labeled with a facility code, indicating the software type generating the message, and
5746assigned a severity label.
5747References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syslog#Network_protocol
5748NO.603 Alice encrypts her data using her public key PK and stores the encrypted data in the cloud.
5749Which of the following attack scenarios will compromise the privacy of her data?
5750A. None of these scenarios compromise the privacy of Alice's data
5751B. Agent Andrew subpoenas Alice, forcing her to reveal her private key. However, the cloud server
5752successfully resists Andrew's attempt to access the stored data
5753C. Hacker Harry breaks into the cloud server and steals the encrypted data
5754D. Alice also stores her private key in the cloud, and Harry breaks into the cloud server as before
5755Answer: D
5756151
5757IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5758NO.604 The network administrator at Spears Technology, Inc has configured the default gateway
5759Cisco router's access-list as below:
5760You are hired to conduct security testing on their network.
5761You successfully brute-force the SNMP community string using a SNMP crack tool.
5762The access-list configured at the router prevents you from establishing a successful connection.
5763You want to retrieve the Cisco configuration from the router. How would you proceed?
5764A. Use the Cisco's TFTP default password to connect and download the configuration file
5765B. Run a network sniffer and capture the returned traffic with the configuration file from the router
5766C. Run Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) tunneling protocol from your computer to the router
5767masking your IP address
5768D. Send a customized SNMP set request with a spoofed source IP address in the range -192.168.1.0
5769Answer: B D
5770NO.605 In order to prevent particular ports and applications from getting packets into an
5771organization, what does a firewall check?
5772A. Network layer headers and the session layer port numbers
5773B. Presentation layer headers and the session layer port numbers
5774C. Application layer port numbers and the transport layer headers
5775D. Transport layer port numbers and application layer headers
5776Answer: D
5777NO.606 You have successfully gained access to your client's internal network and successfully
5778comprised a Linux server which is part of the internal IP network. You want to know which Microsoft
5779Windows workstations have file sharing enabled.
5780Which port would you see listening on these Windows machines in the network?
5781A. 445
5782B. 3389
5783C. 161
5784D. 1433
5785Answer: A
5786Explanation
5787The following ports are associated with file sharing and server message block (SMB) communications:
5788References: https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/298804
5789NO.607 The following are types of Bluetooth attack EXCEPT_____?
5790A. Bluejacking
5791B. Bluesmaking
5792C. Bluesnarfing
5793D. Bluedriving
5794Answer: D
5795NO.608 Destination unreachable administratively prohibited messages can inform the hacker to
5796what?
5797152
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5799A. That a circuit level proxy has been installed and is filtering traffic
5800B. That his/her scans are being blocked by a honeypot or jail
5801C. That the packets are being malformed by the scanning software
5802D. That a router or other packet-filtering device is blocking traffic
5803E. That the network is functioning normally
5804Answer: D
5805NO.609 A possibly malicious sequence of packets that were sent to a web server has been captured
5806by an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) and was saved to a PCAP file. As a network administrator, you
5807need to determine whether this packets are indeed malicious. What tool are you going to use?
5808A. Intrusion Prevention System (IPS)
5809B. Vulnerability scanner
5810C. Protocol analyzer
5811D. Network sniffer
5812Answer: C
5813NO.610 A penetration tester is conducting a port scan on a specific host. The tester found several
5814ports opened that were confusing in concluding the Operating System (OS) version installed.
5815Considering the NMAP result below, which of the following is likely to be installed on the target
5816machine by the OS?
5817A. The host is likely a Windows machine.
5818B. The host is likely a Linux machine.
5819C. The host is likely a router.
5820D. The host is likely a printer.
5821Answer: D
5822NO.611 Which results will be returned with the following Google search query?
5823site:target.com -site:Marketing.target.com accounting
5824A. Results matching all words in the query
5825B. Results matching "accounting" in domain target.com but not on the site Marketing.target.com
5826153
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5828C. Results from matches on the site marketing.target.com that are in the domain target.com but do
5829not include the word accounting
5830D. Results for matches on target.com and Marketing.target.com that include the word "accounting"
5831Answer: B
5832NO.612 What is the most common method to exploit the "Bash Bug" or "ShellShock" vulnerability?
5833A. Through Web servers utilizing CGI (Common Gateway Interface) to send a malformed
5834environment variable to a vulnerable Web server
5835B. Manipulate format strings in text fields
5836C. SSH
5837D. SYN Flood
5838Answer: A
5839Explanation
5840Shellshock, also known as Bashdoor, is a family of security bugs in the widely used Unix Bash shell.
5841One specific exploitation vector of the Shellshock bug is CGI-based web servers.
5842Note: When a web server uses the Common Gateway Interface (CGI) to handle a document request,
5843it passes various details of the request to a handler program in the environment variable list. For
5844example, the variable HTTP_USER_AGENT has a value that, in normal usage, identifies the program
5845sending the request. If the request handler is a Bash script, or if it executes one for example using the
5846system call, Bash will receive the environment variables passed by the server and will process them.
5847This provides a means for an attacker to trigger the Shellshock vulnerability with a specially crafted
5848server request.
5849References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shellshock_(software_bug)#Specific_exploitation_vectors
5850NO.613 It is an entity or event with the potential to adversely impact a system through unauthorized
5851access, destruction, disclosure, denial of service or modification of data.
5852Which of the following terms best matches the definition?
5853A. Threat
5854B. Attack
5855C. Vulnerability
5856D. Risk
5857Answer: A
5858Explanation
5859A threat is at any circumstance or event with the potential to adversely impact organizational
5860operations (including mission, functions, image, or reputation), organizational assets, or individuals
5861through an information system via unauthorized access, destruction, disclosure, modification of
5862information, and/or denial of service. Also, the potential for a threat-source to successfully exploit a
5863particular information system vulnerability.
5864References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threat_(computer)
5865NO.614 Which of the following cryptography attack methods is usually performed without the use
5866of a computer?
5867A. Ciphertext-only attack
5868B. Chosen key attack
5869154
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5871C. Rubber hose attack
5872D. Rainbow table attack
5873Answer: C
5874NO.615 Which statement best describes a server type under an N-tier architecture?
5875A. A group of servers at a specific layer
5876B. A single server with a specific role
5877C. A group of servers with a unique role
5878D. A single server at a specific layer
5879Answer: C
5880NO.616 When utilizing technical assessment methods to assess the security posture of a network,
5881which of the following techniques would be most effective in determining whether end-user security
5882training would be beneficial?
5883A. Vulnerability scanning
5884B. Social engineering
5885C. Application security testing
5886D. Network sniffing
5887Answer: B
5888NO.617 Which statement is TRUE regarding network firewalls preventing Web Application attacks?
5889A. Network firewalls can prevent attacks because they can detect malicious HTTP traffic.
5890B. Network firewalls cannot prevent attacks because ports 80 and 443 must be opened.
5891C. Network firewalls can prevent attacks if they are properly configured.
5892D. Network firewalls cannot prevent attacks because they are too complex to configure.
5893Answer: B
5894Explanation
5895Network layer firewalls, also called packet filters, operate at a relatively low level of the TCP/IP
5896protocol stack, not allowing packets to pass through the firewall unless they match the established
5897rule set. To prevent Web Application attacks an Application layer firewall would be required.
5898References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firewall_(computing)#Network_layer_or_packet_filters
5899NO.618 You work as a Security Analyst for a retail organization. In securing the company's network,
5900you set up a firewall and an IDS. However, hackers are able to attack the network. After investigating,
5901you discover that your IDS is not configured properly and therefore is unable to trigger alarms when
5902needed. What type of alert is the IDS giving?
5903A. False Negative
5904B. False Positive
5905C. True Negative
5906D. True Positive
5907Answer: A
5908Explanation
5909A false negative error, or in short false negative, is where a test result indicates that a condition
5910failed, while it actually was successful. I.e. erroneously no effect has been assumed.
5911155
5912IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5913References:
5914https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_positives_and_false_negatives#False_negative_error
5915NO.619 The intrusion detection system at a software development company suddenly generates
5916multiple alerts regarding attacks against the company's external webserver, VPN concentrator, and
5917DNS servers. What should the security team do to determine which alerts to check first?
5918A. Investigate based on the maintenance schedule of the affected systems.
5919B. Investigate based on the service level agreements of the systems.
5920C. Investigate based on the potential effect of the incident.
5921D. Investigate based on the order that the alerts arrived in.
5922Answer: C
5923NO.620 What type of OS fingerprinting technique sends specially crafted packets to the remote OS
5924and analyzes the received response?
5925A. Passive
5926B. Reflective
5927C. Active
5928D. Distributive
5929Answer: C
5930NO.621 During a penetration test, a tester finds a target that is running MS SQL 2000 with default
5931credentials. The tester assumes that the service is running with Local System account. How can this
5932weakness be exploited to access the system?
5933A. Using the Metasploit psexec module setting the SA / Admin credential
5934B. Invoking the stored procedure xp_shell to spawn a Windows command shell
5935C. Invoking the stored procedure cmd_shell to spawn a Windows command shell
5936D. Invoking the stored procedure xp_cmdshell to spawn a Windows command shell
5937Answer: D
5938NO.622 What is the primary drawback to using advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm with a
5939256 bit key to share sensitive data?
5940A. Due to the key size, the time it will take to encrypt and decrypt the message hinders efficient
5941communication.
5942B. To get messaging programs to function with this algorithm requires complex configurations.
5943C. It has been proven to be a weak cipher; therefore, should not be trusted to protect sensitive data.
5944D. It is a symmetric key algorithm, meaning each recipient must receive the key through a different
5945channel than the message.
5946Answer: D
5947NO.623 Nathan is testing some of his network devices. Nathan is using Macof to try and flood the
5948ARP cache of these switches.
5949If these switches' ARP cache is successfully flooded, what will be the result?
5950A. The switches will drop into hub mode if the ARP cache is successfully flooded.
5951B. If the ARP cache is flooded, the switches will drop into pix mode making it less susceptible to
5952156
5953IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5954attacks.
5955C. Depending on the switch manufacturer, the device will either delete every entry in its ARP cache
5956or reroute packets to the nearest switch.
5957D. The switches will route all traffic to the broadcast address created collisions.
5958Answer: A
5959NO.624 This is an attack that takes advantage of a web site vulnerability in which the site displays
5960content that includes un-sanitized user-provided data.
5961What is this attack?
5962A. Cross-site-scripting attack
5963B. SQL Injection
5964C. URL Traversal attack
5965D. Buffer Overflow attack
5966Answer: A
5967NO.625 When setting up a wireless network, an administrator enters a pre-shared key for security.
5968Which of the following is true?
5969A. The key entered is a symmetric key used to encrypt the wireless data.
5970B. The key entered is a hash that is used to prove the integrity of the wireless data.
5971C. The key entered is based on the Diffie-Hellman method.
5972D. The key is an RSA key used to encrypt the wireless data.
5973Answer: A
5974NO.626 For messages sent through an insecure channel, a properly implemented digital signature
5975gives the receiver reason to believe the message was sent by the claimed sender. While using a
5976digital signature, the message digest is encrypted with which key?
5977A. Sender's public key
5978B. Receiver's private key
5979C. Receiver's public key
5980D. Sender's private key
5981Answer: D
5982NO.627 One advantage of an application-level firewall is the ability to
5983A. filter packets at the network level.
5984B. filter specific commands, such as http:post.
5985C. retain state information for each packet.
5986D. monitor tcp handshaking.
5987Answer: B
5988NO.628 Jesse receives an email with an attachment labeled "Court_Notice_21206.zip". Inside the zip
5989file is a file named "Court_Notice_21206.docx.exe" disguised as a word document. Upon execution, a
5990window appears stating, "This word document is corrupt." In the background, the file copies itself to
5991157
5992IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
5993Jesse APPDATA\local directory and begins to beacon to a C2 server to download additional malicious
5994binaries.
5995What type of malware has Jesse encountered?
5996A. Trojan
5997B. Worm
5998C. Macro Virus
5999D. Key-Logger
6000Answer: A
6001Explanation
6002In computing, Trojan horse, or Trojan, is any malicious computer program which is used to hack into a
6003computer by misleading users of its true intent. Although their payload can be anything, many
6004modern forms act as a backdoor, contacting a controller which can then have unauthorized access to
6005the affected computer.
6006References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trojan_horse_(computing)
6007NO.629 Rebecca commonly sees an error on her Windows system that states that a Data Execution
6008Prevention (DEP) error has taken place. Which of the following is most likely taking place?
6009A. A race condition is being exploited, and the operating system is containing the malicious process.
6010B. A page fault is occurring, which forces the operating system to write data from the hard drive.
6011C. Malware is executing in either ROM or a cache memory area.
6012D. Malicious code is attempting to execute instruction in a non-executable memory region.
6013Answer: D
6014NO.630 Insecure direct object reference is a type of vulnerability where the application does not
6015verify if the user is authorized to access the internal object via its name or key.
6016Suppose a malicious user Rob tries to get access to the account of a benign user Ned.
6017Which of the following requests best illustrates an attempt to exploit an insecure direct object
6018reference vulnerability?
6019A. "GET/restricted/goldtransfer?to=Rob&from=1 or 1=1' HTTP/1.1Host: westbank.com"
6020B. "GET/restricted/accounts/?name=Ned HTTP/1.1 Host: westbank.com"
6021C. "GET/restricted/bank.getaccount('Ned') HTTP/1.1 Host: westbank.com"
6022D. "GET/restricted/\r\n\%00account%00Ned%00access HTTP/1.1 Host: westbank.com"
6023Answer: B
6024NO.631 Based on the below log, which of the following sentences are true?
6025Mar 1, 2016, 7:33:28 AM 10.240.250.23 - 54373 10.249.253.15 - 22 tcp_ip
6026A. SSH communications are encrypted it's impossible to know who is the client or the server
6027B. Application is FTP and 10.240.250.23 is the client and 10.249.253.15 is the server
6028C. Application is SSH and 10.240.250.23 is the client and 10.249.253.15 is the server
6029D. Application is SSH and 10.240.250.23 is the server and 10.249.253.15 is the server
6030Answer: C
6031NO.632 Which of the statements concerning proxy firewalls is correct?
6032A. Proxy firewalls increase the speed and functionality of a network.
6033158
6034IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6035B. Firewall proxy servers decentralize all activity for an application.
6036C. Proxy firewalls block network packets from passing to and from a protected network.
6037D. Computers establish a connection with a proxy firewall which initiates a new network connection
6038for the client.
6039Answer: D
6040NO.633 A new wireless client is configured to join a 802.11 network. This client uses the same
6041hardware and software as many of the other clients on the network. The client can see the network,
6042but cannot connect. A wireless packet sniffer shows that the Wireless Access Point (WAP) is not
6043responding to the association requests being sent by the wireless client.
6044What is a possible source of this problem?
6045A. The WAP does not recognize the client's MAC address
6046B. The client cannot see the SSID of the wireless network
6047C. Client is configured for the wrong channel
6048D. The wireless client is not configured to use DHCP
6049Answer: A
6050Explanation
6051MAC Filtering (or GUI filtering, or layer 2 address filtering) refers to a security access control method
6052whereby the 48-bit address assigned to each network card is used to determine access to the
6053network. MAC Filtering is often used on wireless networks.
6054References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_filtering
6055NO.634 Which method of password cracking takes the most time and effort?
6056A. Brute force
6057B. Rainbow tables
6058C. Dictionary attack
6059D. Shoulder surfing
6060Answer: A
6061Explanation
6062Brute-force cracking, in which a computer tries every possible key or password until it succeeds, is
6063typically very time consuming. More common methods of password cracking, such as dictionary
6064attacks, pattern checking, word list substitution, etc. attempt to reduce the number of trials required
6065and will usually be attempted before brute force.
6066References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Password_cracking
6067NO.635 How can rainbow tables be defeated?
6068A. Password salting
6069B. Use of non-dictionary words
6070C. All uppercase character passwords
6071D. Lockout accounts under brute force password cracking attempts
6072Answer: A
6073NO.636 When creating a security program, which approach would be used if senior management is
6074supporting and enforcing the security policy?
6075159
6076IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6077A. A bottom-up approach
6078B. A top-down approach
6079C. A senior creation approach
6080D. An IT assurance approach
6081Answer: B
6082NO.637 The "white box testing" methodology enforces what kind of restriction?
6083A. The internal operation of a system is completely known to the tester.
6084B. Only the external operation of a system is accessible to the tester.
6085C. Only the internal operation of a system is known to the tester.
6086D. The internal operation of a system is only partly accessible to the tester.
6087Answer: A
6088Explanation
6089White-box testing (also known as clear box testing, glass box testing, transparent box testing, and
6090structural testing) is a method of testing software that tests internal structures or workings of an
6091application, as opposed to its functionality (i.e. black-box testing). In white-box testing an internal
6092perspective of the system, as well as programming skills, are used to design test cases.
6093References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White-box_testing
6094NO.638 You are attempting to crack LM Manager hashed from Windows 2000 SAM file. You will be
6095using LM Brute force hacking tool for decryption. What encryption algorithm will you be decrypting?
6096A. MD4
6097B. DES
6098C. SHA
6099D. SSL
6100Answer: B
6101NO.639 Which of the following business challenges could be solved by using a vulnerability scanner?
6102A. Auditors want to discover if all systems are following a standard naming convention.
6103B. A web server was compromised and management needs to know if any further systems were
6104compromised.
6105C. There is an emergency need to remove administrator access from multiple machines for an
6106employee that quit.
6107D. There is a monthly requirement to test corporate compliance with host application usage and
6108security policies.
6109Answer: D
6110NO.640 What is the main advantage that a network-based IDS/IPS system has over a host-based
6111solution?
6112A. They do not use host system resources.
6113B. They are placed at the boundary, allowing them to inspect all traffic.
6114C. They are easier to install and configure.
6115D. They will not interfere with user interfaces.
6116160
6117IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6118Answer: A
6119NO.641 An attacker sniffs encrypted traffic from the network and is subsequently able to decrypt it.
6120The attacker can now use which cryptanalytic technique to attempt to discover the encryption key?
6121A. Birthday attack
6122B. Plaintext attack
6123C. Meet in the middle attack
6124D. Chosen ciphertext attack
6125Answer: D
6126NO.642 One of the Forbes 500 companies has been subjected to a large scale attack. You are one of
6127the shortlisted pen testers that they may hire. During the interview with the CIO, he emphasized that
6128he wants to totally eliminate all risks. What is one of the first things you should do when hired?
6129A. Interview all employees in the company to rule out possible insider threats.
6130B. Establish attribution to suspected attackers.
6131C. Explain to the CIO that you cannot eliminate all risk, but you will be able to reduce risk to
6132acceptable levels.
6133D. Start the Wireshark application to start sniffing network traffic.
6134Answer: C
6135NO.643 Which of the following types of firewall inspects only header information in network traffic?
6136A. Packet filter
6137B. Stateful inspection
6138C. Circuit-level gateway
6139D. Application-level gateway
6140Answer: A
6141NO.644 In which of the following password protection technique, random strings of characters are
6142added to the password before calculating their hashes?
6143A. Keyed Hashing
6144B. Key Stretching
6145C. Salting
6146D. Double Hashing
6147Answer: C
6148NO.645 Analyst is investigating proxy logs and found out that one of the internal user visited
6149website storing suspicious Java scripts. After opening one of them, he noticed that it is very hard to
6150understand the code and that all codes differ from the typical Java script. What is the name of this
6151technique to hide the code and extend analysis time?
6152A. Encryption
6153B. Code encoding
6154C. Obfuscation
6155D. Steganography
6156161
6157IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6158Answer: A
6159NO.646 You've just gained root access to a Centos 6 server after days of trying. What tool should
6160you use to maintain access?
6161A. Disable Key Services
6162B. Create User Account
6163C. Download and Install Netcat
6164D. Disable IPTables
6165Answer: B
6166NO.647 E-mail scams and mail fraud are regulated by which of the following?
6167A. 18 U.S.C. par. 1030 Fraud and Related activity in connection with Computers
6168B. 18 U.S.C. par. 1029 Fraud and Related activity in connection with Access Devices
6169C. 18 U.S.C. par. 1362 Communication Lines, Stations, or Systems
6170D. 18 U.S.C. par. 2510 Wire and Electronic Communications Interception and Interception of Oral
6171Communication
6172Answer: A
6173NO.648 The chance of a hard drive failure is known to be once every four years. The cost of a new
6174hard drive is $500.
6175EF (Exposure Factor) is about 0.5. Calculate for the Annualized Loss Expectancy (ALE).
6176A. $62.5
6177B. $250
6178C. $125
6179D. $65.2
6180Answer: A
6181NO.649 A user on your Windows 2000 network has discovered that he can use L0phtcrack to sniff
6182the SMB exchanges which carry user logons. The user is plugged into a hub with 23 other systems.
6183However, he is unable to capture any logons though he knows that other users are logging in.
6184What do you think is the most likely reason behind this?
6185A. There is a NIDS present on that segment.
6186B. Kerberos is preventing it.
6187C. Windows logons cannot be sniffed.
6188D. L0phtcrack only sniffs logons to web servers.
6189Answer: B
6190NO.650 In the software security development life cycle process, threat modeling occurs in which
6191phase?
6192A. Design
6193B. Requirements
6194C. Verification
6195D. Implementation
6196162
6197IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6198Answer: A
6199NO.651 Your team has won a contract to infiltrate an organization. The company wants to have the
6200attack be as realistic as possible; therefore, they did not provide any information besides the
6201company name.
6202What should be the first step in security testing the client?
6203A. Reconnaissance
6204B. Enumeration
6205C. Scanning
6206D. Escalation
6207Answer: A
6208Explanation
6209Phases of hacking
6210Phase 1-Reconnaissance
6211Phase 2-Scanning
6212Phase 3-Gaining Access
6213Phase 4-Maintaining Access
6214Phase 5-Covering Tracks
6215Phase 1: Passive and Active Reconnaissance
6216References:
6217http://hack-o-crack.blogspot.se/2010/12/five-stages-of-ethical-hacking.html
6218NO.652 Eve is spending her day scanning the library computers. She notices that Alice is using a
6219computer whose port
6220445 is active and listening. Eve uses the ENUM tool to enumerate Alice machine. From the command
6221prompt, she types the following command.
6222What is Eve trying to do?
6223A. Eve is trying to connect as a user with Administrator privileges
6224B. Eve is trying to enumerate all users with Administrative privileges
6225C. Eve is trying to carry out a password crack for user Administrator
6226D. Eve is trying to escalate privilege of the null user to that of Administrator
6227Answer: C
6228NO.653 You are the Systems Administrator for a large corporate organization. You need to monitor
6229all network traffic on your local network for suspicious activities and receive notifications when an
6230attack is occurring. Which tool would allow you to accomplish this goal?
6231A. Network-based IDS
6232B. Firewall
6233C. Proxy
6234D. Host-based IDS
6235Answer: A
6236Explanation
6237163
6238IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6239A network-based intrusion detection system (NIDS) is used to monitor and analyze network traffic to
6240protect a system from network-based threats.
6241A NIDS reads all inbound packets and searches for any suspicious patterns. When threats are
6242discovered, based on its severity, the system can take action such as notifying administrators, or
6243barring the source IP address from accessing the network.
6244References: https://www.techopedia.com/definition/12941/network-based-intrusion-detection-
6245system-nids
6246NO.654 An attacker uses a communication channel within an operating system that is neither
6247designed nor intended to transfer information. What is the name of the communications channel?
6248A. Classified
6249B. Overt
6250C. Encrypted
6251D. Covert
6252Answer: D
6253NO.655 What does the -oX flag do in an Nmap scan?
6254A. Perform an express scan
6255B. Output the results in truncated format to the screen
6256C. Perform an Xmas scan
6257D. Output the results in XML format to a file
6258Answer: D
6259NO.656 In many states sending spam is illegal. Thus, the spammers have techniques to try and
6260ensure that no one knows they sent the spam out to thousands of users at a time. Which of the
6261following best describes what spammers use to hide the origin of these types of e-mails?
6262A. A blacklist of companies that have their mail server relays configured to allow traffic only to their
6263specific domain name.
6264B. Mail relaying, which is a technique of bouncing e-mail from internal to external mails servers
6265continuously.
6266C. A blacklist of companies that have their mail server relays configured to be wide open.
6267D. Tools that will reconfigure a mail server's relay component to send the e-mail back to the
6268spammers occasionally.
6269Answer: B
6270NO.657 What is correct about digital signatures?
6271A. A digital signature cannot be moved from one signed document to another because it is the hash
6272of the original document encrypted with the private key of the signing party.
6273B. Digital signatures may be used in different documents of the same type.
6274C. A digital signature cannot be moved from one signed document to another because it is a plain
6275hash of the document content.
6276D. Digital signatures are issued once for each user and can be used everywhere until they expire.
6277Answer: A
6278164
6279IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6280NO.658 Null sessions are un-authenticated connections (not using a username or password.) to an
6281NT or 2000 system.
6282Which TCP and UDP ports must you filter to check null sessions on your network?
6283A. 137 and 139
6284B. 137 and 443
6285C. 139 and 443
6286D. 139 and 445
6287Answer: D
6288NO.659 Backing up data is a security must. However, it also has certain level of risks when
6289mishandled. Which of the following is the greatest threat posed by backups?
6290A. A backup is the source of Malware or illicit information
6291B. A backup is incomplete because no verification was performed
6292C. A backup is unavailable during disaster recovery
6293D. An unencrypted backup can be misplaced or stolen
6294Answer: D
6295NO.660 What is the best description of SQL Injection?
6296A. It is an attack used to gain unauthorized access to a database.
6297B. It is an attack used to modify code in an application.
6298C. It is a Man-in-the-Middle attack between your SQL Server and Web App Server.
6299D. It is a Denial of Service Attack.
6300Answer: A
6301Explanation
6302SQL injection is a code injection technique, used to attack data-driven applications, in which
6303malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field for execution (e.g. to dump the database
6304contents to the attacker).
6305References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL_injection
6306NO.661 A company has five different subnets: 192.168.1.0, 192.168.2.0, 192.168.3.0, 192.168.4.0
6307and 192.168.5.0.
6308How can NMAP be used to scan these adjacent Class C networks?
6309A. NMAP -P 192.168.1-5.
6310B. NMAP -P 192.168.0.0/16
6311C. NMAP -P 192.168.1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0
6312D. NMAP -P 192.168.1/17
6313Answer: A
6314NO.662 Which of the following will perform an Xmas scan using NMAP?
6315A. nmap -sA 192.168.1.254
6316B. nmap -sP 192.168.1.254
6317C. nmap -sX 192.168.1.254
6318D. nmap -sV 192.168.1.254
6319165
6320IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6321Answer: C
6322NO.663 _________ is a set of extensions to DNS that provide to DNS clients (resolvers) origin
6323authentication of DNS data to reduce the threat of DNS poisoning, spoofing, and similar attacks
6324types.
6325A. DNSSEC
6326B. Zone transfer
6327C. Resource transfer
6328D. Resource records
6329Answer: A
6330NO.664 Which definition among those given below best describes a covert channel?
6331A. A server program using a port that is not well known.
6332B. Making use of a protocol in a way it is not intended to be used.
6333C. It is the multiplexing taking place on a communication link.
6334D. It is one of the weak channels used by WEP which makes it insecure
6335Answer: B
6336NO.665 Which of the following is a restriction being enforced in "white box testing?"
6337A. Only the internal operation of a system is known to the tester
6338B. The internal operation of a system is completely known to the tester
6339C. The internal operation of a system is only partly accessible to the tester
6340D. Only the external operation of a system is accessible to the tester
6341Answer: B
6342NO.666 An unauthorized individual enters a building following an employee through the employee
6343entrance after the lunch rush. What type of breach has the individual just performed?
6344A. Reverse Social Engineering
6345B. Tailgating
6346C. Piggybacking
6347D. Announced
6348Answer: B
6349NO.667 A company has hired a security administrator to maintain and administer Linux and
6350Windows-based systems.
6351Written in the nightly report file is the following:
6352Firewall log files are at the expected value of 4 MB. The current time is 12am. Exactly two hours later
6353the size has decreased considerably. Another hour goes by and the log files have shrunk in size again.
6354Which of the following actions should the security administrator take?
6355A. Log the event as suspicious activity and report this behavior to the incident response team
6356immediately.
6357B. Log the event as suspicious activity, call a manager, and report this as soon as possible.
6358C. Run an anti-virus scan because it is likely the system is infected by malware.
6359166
6360IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6361D. Log the event as suspicious activity, continue to investigate, and act according to the site's security
6362policy.
6363Answer: D
6364NO.668 Which of the following identifies the three modes in which Snort can be configured to run?
6365A. Sniffer, Packet Logger, and Network Intrusion Detection System
6366B. Sniffer, Network Intrusion Detection System, and Host Intrusion Detection System
6367C. Sniffer, Host Intrusion Prevention System, and Network Intrusion Prevention System
6368D. Sniffer, Packet Logger, and Host Intrusion Prevention System
6369Answer: A
6370NO.669 Which of the following statements about a zone transfer is correct? (Choose three.)
6371A. A zone transfer is accomplished with the DNS
6372B. A zone transfer is accomplished with the nslookup service
6373C. A zone transfer passes all zone information that a DNS server maintains
6374D. A zone transfer passes all zone information that a nslookup server maintains
6375E. A zone transfer can be prevented by blocking all inbound TCP port 53 connections
6376F. Zone transfers cannot occur on the Internet
6377Answer: A C E
6378NO.670 A well-intentioned researcher discovers a vulnerability on the web site of a major
6379corporation. What should he do?
6380A. Ignore it.
6381B. Try to sell the information to a well-paying party on the dark web.
6382C. Notify the web site owner so that corrective action be taken as soon as possible to patch the
6383vulnerability.
6384D. Exploit the vulnerability without harming the web site owner so that attention be drawn to the
6385problem.
6386Answer: C
6387NO.671 You are an Ethical Hacker who is auditing the ABC company. When you verify the NOC one
6388of the machines has 2 connections, one wired and the other wireless. When you verify the
6389configuration of this Windows system you find two static routes.
6390route add 10.0.0.0 mask 255.0.0.0 10.0.0.1
6391route add 0.0.0.0 mask 255.0.0.0 199.168.0.1
6392What is the main purpose of those static routes?
6393A. Both static routes indicate that the traffic is external with different gateway.
6394B. The first static route indicates that the internal traffic will use an external gateway and the second
6395static route indicates that the traffic will be rerouted.
6396C. Both static routes indicate that the traffic is internal with different gateway.
6397D. The first static route indicates that the internal addresses are using the internal gateway and the
6398second static route indicates that all the traffic that is not internal must go to an external gateway.
6399Answer: D
6400167
6401IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6402NO.672 Which of the following statements regarding ethical hacking is incorrect?
6403A. Ethical hackers should never use tools or methods that have the potential of exploiting
6404vulnerabilities in an organization's systems.
6405B. Testing should be remotely performed offsite.
6406C. An organization should use ethical hackers who do not sell vendor hardware/software or other
6407consulting services.
6408D. Ethical hacking should not involve writing to or modifying the target systems.
6409Answer: A
6410Explanation
6411Ethical hackers use the same methods and techniques, including those that have the potential of
6412exploiting vulnerabilities, to test and bypass a system's defenses as their less-principled counterparts,
6413but rather than taking advantage of any vulnerabilities found, they document them and provide
6414actionable advice on how to fix them so the organization can improve its overall security.
6415References:
6416http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/ethical-hacker
6417NO.673 Low humidity in a data center can cause which of the following problems?
6418A. Heat
6419B. Corrosion
6420C. Static electricity
6421D. Airborne contamination
6422Answer: C
6423NO.674 Seth is starting a penetration test from inside the network. He hasn't been given any
6424information about the network. What type of test is he conducting?
6425A. Internal Whitebox
6426B. External, Whitebox
6427C. Internal, Blackbox
6428D. External, Blackbox
6429Answer: C
6430NO.675 Which type of scan measures a person's external features through a digital video camera?
6431A. Iris scan
6432B. Retinal scan
6433C. Facial recognition scan
6434D. Signature kinetics scan
6435Answer: C
6436NO.676 A security policy will be more accepted by employees if it is consistent and has the support
6437of
6438A. coworkers.
6439B. executive management.
6440C. the security officer.
6441168
6442IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6443D. a supervisor.
6444Answer: B
6445NO.677 This international organization regulates billions of transactions daily and provides security
6446guidelines to protect personally identifiable information (PII). These security controls provide a
6447baseline and prevent low-level hackers sometimes known as script kiddies from causing a data
6448breach.
6449Which of the following organizations is being described?
6450A. Payment Card Industry (PCI)
6451B. Center for Disease Control (CDC)
6452C. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
6453D. International Security Industry Organization (ISIO)
6454Answer: A
6455Explanation
6456The Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) is a proprietary information security
6457standard for organizations that handle branded credit cards from the major card schemes including
6458Visa, MasterCard, American Express, Discover, and JCB. The PCI DSS standards are very explicit about
6459the requirements for the back end storage and access of PII (personally identifiable information).
6460References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payment_Card_Industry_Data_Security_Standard
6461NO.678 When purchasing a biometric system, one of the considerations that should be reviewed is
6462the processing speed. Which of the following best describes what it is meant by processing?
6463A. The amount of time it takes to convert biometric data into a template on a smart card.
6464B. The amount of time and resources that are necessary to maintain a biometric system.
6465C. The amount of time it takes to be either accepted or rejected form when an individual provides
6466Identification and authentication information.
6467D. How long it takes to setup individual user accounts.
6468Answer: C
6469NO.679 While performing online banking using a Web browser, a user receives an email that
6470contains a link to an interesting Web site. When the user clicks on the link, another Web browser
6471session starts and displays a video of cats playing a piano. The next business day, the user receives
6472what looks like an email from his bank, indicating that his bank account has been accessed from a
6473foreign country. The email asks the user to call his bank and verify the authorization of a funds
6474transfer that took place.
6475What Web browser-based security vulnerability was exploited to compromise the user?
6476A. Cross-Site Request Forgery
6477B. Cross-Site Scripting
6478C. Clickjacking
6479D. Web form input validation
6480Answer: A
6481Explanation
6482Cross-site request forgery, also known as one-click attack or session riding and abbreviated as CSRF
6483or XSRF, is a type of malicious exploit of a website where unauthorized commands are transmitted
6484169
6485IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6486from a user that the website trusts.
6487Example and characteristics
6488If an attacker is able to find a reproducible link that executes a specific action on the target page
6489while the victim is being logged in there, he is able to embed such link on a page he controls and trick
6490the victim into opening it. The attack carrier link may be placed in a location that the victim is likely to
6491visit while logged into the target site (e.g. a discussion forum), sent in a HTML email body or
6492attachment.
6493NO.680 A big company, who wanted to test their security infrastructure, wants to hire elite pen
6494testers like you. During the interview, they asked you to show sample reports from previous
6495penetration tests. What should you do?
6496A. Share reports, after NDA is signed
6497B. Share full reports, not redacted
6498C. Decline but, provide references
6499D. Share full reports with redactions
6500Answer: C
6501NO.681 Eve stole a file named secret.txt, transferred it to her computer and she just entered these
6502commands:
6503What is she trying to achieve?
6504A. She is encrypting the file.
6505B. She is using John the Ripper to view the contents of the file.
6506C. She is using ftp to transfer the file to another hacker named John.
6507D. She is using John the Ripper to crack the passwords in the secret.txt file.
6508Answer: D
6509NO.682 Let's imagine three companies (A, B and C), all competing in a challenging global
6510environment. Company A and B are working together in developing a product that will generate a
6511major competitive advantage for them.
6512Company A has a secure DNS server while company B has a DNS server vulnerable to spoofing. With a
6513spoofing attack on the DNS server of company B, company C gains access to outgoing e-mails from
6514company
6515B. How do you prevent DNS spoofing?
6516A. Install DNS logger and track vulnerable packets
6517B. Disable DNS timeouts
6518C. Install DNS Anti-spoofing
6519D. Disable DNS Zone Transfer
6520Answer: C
6521170
6522IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6523NO.683 Which of the following is considered an exploit framework and has the ability to perform
6524automated attacks on services, ports, applications and unpatched security flaws in a computer
6525system?
6526A. Wireshark
6527B. Maltego
6528C. Metasploit
6529D. Nessus
6530Answer: C
6531NO.684 Which of the following viruses tries to hide from anti-virus programs by actively altering and
6532corrupting the chosen service call interruptions when they are being run?
6533A. Cavity virus
6534B. Polymorphic virus
6535C. Tunneling virus
6536D. Stealth virus
6537Answer: D
6538NO.685 There are several ways to gain insight on how a cryptosystem works with the goal of reverse
6539engineering the process. A term describes when two pieces of data result in the same value is?
6540A. Collision
6541B. Collusion
6542C. Polymorphism
6543D. Escrow
6544Answer: A
6545NO.686 The network in ABC company is using the network address 192.168.1.64 with mask
6546255.255.255.192. In the network the servers are in the addresses 192.168.1.122, 192.168.1.123 and
6547192.168.1.124.
6548An attacker is trying to find those servers but he cannot see them in his scanning. The command he is
6549using is:
6550nmap 192.168.1.64/28.
6551Why he cannot see the servers?
6552A. The network must be down and the nmap command and IP address are ok.
6553B. He needs to add the command ''''ip address'''' just before the IP address.
6554C. He is scanning from 192.168.1.64 to 192.168.1.78 because of the mask /28 and the servers are not
6555in that range.
6556D. He needs to change the address to 192.168.1.0 with the same mask.
6557Answer: C
6558NO.687 When using Wireshark to acquire packet capture on a network, which device would enable
6559the capture of all traffic on the wire?
6560A. Network tap
6561B. Layer 3 switch
6562171
6563IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6564C. Network bridge
6565D. Application firewall
6566Answer: A
6567NO.688 An attacker gains access to a Web server's database and displays the contents of the table
6568that holds all of the names, passwords, and other user information. The attacker did this by entering
6569information into the Web site's user login page that the software's designers did not expect to be
6570entered. This is an example of what kind of software design problem?
6571A. Insufficient input validation
6572B. Insufficient exception handling
6573C. Insufficient database hardening
6574D. Insufficient security management
6575Answer: A
6576Explanation
6577The most common web application security weakness is the failure to properly validate input coming
6578from the client or from the environment before using it. This weakness leads to almost all of the
6579major vulnerabilities in web applications, such as cross site scripting, SQL injection, interpreter
6580injection, locale/Unicode attacks, file system attacks, and buffer overflows.
6581References: https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Testing_for_Input_Validation
6582NO.689 What type of malware is it that restricts access to a computer system that it infects and
6583demands that the user pay a certain amount of money, cryptocurrency, etc. to the operators of the
6584malware to remove the restriction?
6585A. Ransomware
6586B. Riskware
6587C. Adware
6588D. Spyware
6589Answer: A
6590NO.690 Scenario:
6591What is the name of the attack which is mentioned in the scenario?
6592A. HTTP Parameter Pollution
6593B. HTML Injection
6594C. Session Fixation
6595D. ClickJacking Attack
6596Answer: D
6597NO.691 You are a Penetration Tester and are assigned to scan a server. You need to use a scanning
6598technique wherein the TCP Header is split into many packets so that it becomes difficult to detect
6599what the packets are meant for.
6600Which of the below scanning technique will you use?
6601A. ACK flag scanning
6602B. TCP Scanning
6603C. IP Fragment Scanning
6604172
6605IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6606D. Inverse TCP flag scanning
6607Answer: C
6608NO.692 You've just discovered a server that is currently active within the same network with the
6609machine you recently compromised. You ping it but it did not respond. What could be the case?
6610A. TCP/IP doesn't support ICMP
6611B. ARP is disabled on the target server
6612C. ICMP could be disabled on the target server
6613D. You need to run the ping command with root privileges
6614Answer: C
6615NO.693 How can a rootkit bypass Windows 7 operating system's kernel mode, code signing policy?
6616A. Defeating the scanner from detecting any code change at the kernel
6617B. Replacing patch system calls with its own version that hides the rootkit (attacker's) actions
6618C. Performing common services for the application process and replacing real applications with fake
6619ones
6620D. Attaching itself to the master boot record in a hard drive and changing the machine's boot
6621sequence/options
6622Answer: D
6623NO.694 An incident investigator asks to receive a copy of the event logs from all firewalls, proxy
6624servers, and Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) on the network of an organization that has
6625experienced a possible breach of security. When the investigator attempts to correlate the
6626information in all of the logs, the sequence of many of the logged events do not match up.
6627What is the most likely cause?
6628A. The network devices are not all synchronized.
6629B. Proper chain of custody was not observed while collecting the logs.
6630C. The attacker altered or erased events from the logs.
6631D. The security breach was a false positive.
6632Answer: A
6633Explanation
6634Time synchronization is an important middleware service of distributed systems, amongst which
6635Distributed Intrusion Detection System (DIDS) makes extensive use of time synchronization in
6636particular.
6637References:
6638http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp
6639&
6640arnumber=5619315&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3
6641D561
6642NO.695 John the Ripper is a technical assessment tool used to test the weakness of which of the
6643following?
6644A. Usernames
6645B. File permissions
6646173
6647IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6648C. Firewall rulesets
6649D. Passwords
6650Answer: D
6651NO.696 You are using NMAP to resolve domain names into IP addresses for a ping sweep later.
6652Which of the following commands looks for IP addresses?
6653A. >host -t a hackeddomain.com
6654B. >host -t soa hackeddomain.com
6655C. >host -t ns hackeddomain.com
6656D. >host -t AXFR hackeddomain.com
6657Answer: A
6658Explanation
6659The A record is an Address record. It returns a 32-bit IPv4 address, most commonly used to map
6660hostnames to an IP address of the host.
6661References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_DNS_record_types
6662NO.697 A penetration tester is hired to do a risk assessment of a company's DMZ. The rules of
6663engagement states that the penetration test be done from an external IP address with no prior
6664knowledge of the internal IT systems.
6665What kind of test is being performed?
6666A. white box
6667B. grey box
6668C. red box
6669D. black box
6670Answer: D
6671NO.698 Which of the following is a strong post designed to stop a car?
6672A. Gate
6673B. Fence
6674C. Bollard
6675D. Reinforced rebar
6676Answer: C
6677NO.699 Which of the following describes a component of Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) where a
6678copy of a private key is stored to provide third-party access and to facilitate recovery operations?
6679A. Key registry
6680B. Recovery agent
6681C. Directory
6682D. Key escrow
6683Answer: D
6684NO.700 A hacker named Jack is trying to compromise a bank's computer system. He needs to know
6685the operating system of that computer to launch further attacks.
6686What process would help him?
6687174
6688IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6689A. Banner Grabbing
6690B. IDLE/IPID Scanning
6691C. SSDP Scanning
6692D. UDP Scanning
6693Answer: A
6694NO.701 Which of the following network attacks takes advantage of weaknesses in the fragment
6695reassembly functionality of the TCP/IP protocol stack?
6696A. Teardrop
6697B. SYN flood
6698C. Smurf attack
6699D. Ping of death
6700Answer: A
6701NO.702 What are the three types of compliance that the Open Source Security Testing Methodology
6702Manual (OSSTMM) recognizes?
6703A. Legal, performance, audit
6704B. Audit, standards based, regulatory
6705C. Contractual, regulatory, industry
6706D. Legislative, contractual, standards based
6707Answer: D
6708NO.703 In which of the following cryptography attack methods, the attacker makes a series of
6709interactive queries, choosing subsequent plaintexts based on the information from the previous
6710encryptions?
6711A. Chosen-plaintext attack
6712B. Ciphertext-only attack
6713C. Adaptive chosen-plaintext attack
6714D. Known-plaintext attack
6715Answer: A
6716NO.704 Which of the following DoS tools is used to attack target web applications by starvation of
6717available sessions on the web server?
6718The tool keeps sessions at halt using never-ending POST transmissions and sending an arbitrarily
6719large content-length header value.
6720A. My Doom
6721B. Astacheldraht
6722C. R-U-Dead-Yet?(RUDY)
6723D. LOIC
6724Answer: C
6725NO.705 You are trying to break into a highly classified top-secret mainframe computer with highest
6726security system in place at Merclyn Barley Bank located in Los Angeles.
6727175
6728IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6729You know that conventional hacking doesn't work in this case, because organizations such as banks
6730are generally tight and secure when it comes to protecting their systems.
6731In other words, you are trying to penetrate an otherwise impenetrable system.
6732How would you proceed?
6733A. Look for "zero-day" exploits at various underground hacker websites in Russia and China and buy
6734the necessary exploits from these hackers and target the bank's network
6735B. Try to hang around the local pubs or restaurants near the bank, get talking to a poorly-paid or
6736disgruntled employee, and offer them money if they'll abuse their access privileges by providing you
6737with sensitive information
6738C. Launch DDOS attacks against Merclyn Barley Bank's routers and firewall systems using 100, 000 or
6739more "zombies" and "bots"
6740D. Try to conduct Man-in-the-Middle (MiTM) attack and divert the network traffic going to the
6741Merclyn Barley Bank's Webserver to that of your machine using DNS Cache Poisoning techniques
6742Answer: B
6743NO.706 What is the algorithm used by LM for Windows2000 SAM?
6744A. MD4
6745B. DES
6746C. SHA
6747D. SSL
6748Answer: B
6749NO.707 A Certificate Authority (CA) generates a key pair that will be used for encryption and
6750decryption of email. The integrity of the encrypted email is dependent on the security of which of the
6751following?
6752A. Public key
6753B. Private key
6754C. Modulus length
6755D. Email server certificate
6756Answer: B
6757NO.708 Which command lets a tester enumerate alive systems in a class C network via ICMP using
6758native Windows tools?
6759A. ping 192.168.2.
6760B. ping 192.168.2.255
6761C. for %V in (1 1 255) do PING 192.168.2.%V
6762D. for /L %V in (1 1 254) do PING -n 1 192.168.2.%V | FIND /I "Reply"
6763Answer: D
6764NO.709 How do employers protect assets with security policies pertaining to employee surveillance
6765activities?
6766A. Employers promote monitoring activities of employees as long as the employees demonstrate
6767trustworthiness.
6768B. Employers use informal verbal communication channels to explain employee monitoring activities
6769176
6770IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6771to employees.
6772C. Employers use network surveillance to monitor employee email traffic, network access, and to
6773record employee keystrokes.
6774D. Employers provide employees written statements that clearly discuss the boundaries of
6775monitoring activities and consequences.
6776Answer: D
6777NO.710 Which type of Nmap scan is the most reliable, but also the most visible, and likely to be
6778picked up by and IDS?
6779A. SYN scan
6780B. ACK scan
6781C. RST scan
6782D. Connect scan
6783E. FIN scan
6784Answer: D
6785NO.711 > NMAP -sn 192.168.11.200-215
6786The NMAP command above performs which of the following?
6787A. A ping scan
6788B. A trace sweep
6789C. An operating system detect
6790D. A port scan
6791Answer: A
6792Explanation
6793NMAP -sn (No port scan)
6794This option tells Nmap not to do a port scan after host discovery, and only print out the available
6795hosts that responded to the host discovery probes. This is often known as a "ping scan", but you can
6796also request that traceroute and NSE host scripts be run.
6797References: https://nmap.org/book/man-host-discovery.html
6798NO.712 If the final set of security controls does not eliminate all risk in a system, what could be done
6799next?
6800A. Continue to apply controls until there is zero risk.
6801B. Ignore any remaining risk.
6802C. If the residual risk is low enough, it can be accepted.
6803D. Remove current controls since they are not completely effective.
6804Answer: C
6805NO.713 (Note: the student is being tested on concepts learnt during passive OS fingerprinting, basic
6806TCP/IP connection concepts and the ability to read packet signatures from a sniff dump.). Snort has
6807been used to capture packets on the network. On studying the packets, the penetration tester finds it
6808to be abnormal. If you were the penetration tester, why would you find this abnormal?
6809What is odd about this attack? Choose the best answer.
6810177
6811IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6812A. This is not a spoofed packet as the IP stack has increasing numbers for the three flags.
6813B. This is back orifice activity as the scan comes from port 31337.
6814C. The attacker wants to avoid creating a sub-carries connection that is not normally valid.
6815D. These packets were crafted by a tool, they were not created by a standard IP stack.
6816Answer: B
6817NO.714 DNS cache snooping is a process of determining if the specified resource address is present
6818in the DNS cache records. It may be useful during the examination of the network to determine what
6819software update resources are used, thus discovering what software is installed.
6820What command is used to determine if the entry is present in DNS cache?
6821A. nslookup -fullrecursive update.antivirus.com
6822B. dnsnooping -rt update.antivirus.com
6823C. nslookup -norecursive update.antivirus.com
6824D. dns --snoop update.antivirus.com
6825Answer: C
6826NO.715 It has been reported to you that someone has caused an information spillage on their
6827computer. You go to the computer, disconnect it from the network, remove the keyboard and
6828mouse, and power it down. What step in incident handling did you just complete?
6829A. Containment
6830B. Eradication
6831C. Recovery
6832D. Discovery
6833Answer: A
6834NO.716 Which of the following tools is used by pen testers and analysts specifically to analyze links
6835between data using link analysis and graphs?
6836A. Metasploit
6837B. Wireshark
6838C. Maltego
6839D. Cain & Abel
6840Answer: C
6841NO.717 You have gained physical access to a Windows 2008 R2 server which has an accessible disc
6842drive.
6843178
6844IT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!
6845When you attempt to boot the server and log in, you are unable to guess the password.
6846In your toolkit, you have an Ubuntu 9.10 Linux LiveCD.
6847Which Linux-based tool can change any user's password or activate disabled Windows accounts?
6848A. John the Ripper
6849B. SET
6850C. CHNTPW
6851D. Cain & Abel
6852Answer: C
6853NO.718 Bob, your senior colleague, has sent you a mail regarding aa deal with one of the clients.
6854You are requested to accept the offer and you oblige.
6855After 2 days, Bob denies that he had ever sent a mail.
6856What do you want to "know" to prove yourself that it was Bob who had send a mail?
6857A. Confidentiality
6858B. Integrity
6859C. Non-Repudiation
6860D. Authentication
6861Answer: C
6862NO.719 When does the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI-DSS) require
6863organizations to perform external and internal penetration testing?
6864A. At least twice a year or after any significant upgrade or modification
6865B. At least once a year and after any significant upgrade or modification
6866C. At least once every two years and after any significant upgrade or modification
6867D. At least once every three years or after any significant upgrade or modification
6868Answer: B
6869NO.720 You have successfully comprised a server having an IP address of 10.10.0.5. You would like
6870to enumerate all machines in the same network quickly.
6871What is the best nmap command you will use?
6872A. nmap -T4 -q 10.10.0.0/24
6873B. nmap -T4 -F 10.10.0.0/24
6874C. nmap -T4 -r 10.10.1.0/24
6875D. nmap -T4 -O 10.10.0.0/24
6876Answer: B