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1I can get another if I break it, so a clay cup trumps a grail. - Mirza Asadullah Khan Ghalib, classical Urdu and Persian poet from the Mughal Empire
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3Rule of Zero, One or Infinity (ZOI): Arbitrary limits on the number of instances of a particular entity should not be allowed. - Willem van der Poel
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5Worse is better: Design for simplicity. - Richard P. Gabriel, 'Lisp: Good News, Bad News, How to Win Big' (1989)
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7Uniform Access Principle: Services should be offered through uniform interfaces, regardless of internal implementation. - Bertrand Meyer
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9Rule of Least Power: Use the least powerful language possible for a given problem. Prefer declarative languages over procedural.
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11Rule 3.14: Nothing gets standardised until there are multiple instances of running code. - RFC1958 (1996)
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13Optimization considered harmful: In particular, optimization introduces complexity, and as well as introducing tighter coupling between components and layers. - RFC3439
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15Law of Diminishing Returns: If one factor of production is increased while the others remain constant, the overall returns will relatively decrease after a certain point. - W. J. Spillman and E. Lang (1924)
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17Upgrade cost of network complexity: The Internet has smart edges ... and a simple core. Adding an new Internet service is just a matter of distributing an application ... Compare this to voice, where one has to upgrade the entire core. - RFC3439 (2002)
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19Lest men suspect your tale untrue, keep probability in view. - John Gay (1727)
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21For every proverb, there is an equal and opposite proverb. - Philip Wadler (2011-03-23)
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23Fast, cheap, and reliable: choose two. - Old engineering proverb
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25Freedom, security, and convenience: choose two. - Unknown
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27Trust is the availability of effective recourse. - Dan Geer (2014)
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29Security engineering is about tolerable failure modes. Determine which failure modes are tolerable and which are not, and design around not having the intolerable ones. - Dan Geer (2014)
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31CIA triad: Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability. - Famous summary of computer security concerns.
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33Some people when faced with a problem think: "I know, I'll use distributed computing". Now they have N^2 problems. - @jamesiry
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35Software Architecture Paradox #1: Flexibility breeds complexity. We aim to design flexible software; yet, in doing so, we see an undesirable increase in complexity. - Kirk Knoernschild (2012)
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37Software Architecture Paradox #2: Reuse complicates use. We strive to develop reusable software, only to impair the software's ease of use. - Kirk Knoernschild (2012)
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39Software Architecture Paradox #3: Evolution impedes survival. We design a software system that can evolve, but in doing so hasten its death. - Kirk Knoernschild (2012)
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41Design up front for reuse is, in essence, premature optimization. - AnimalMuppet
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43S-Programs are programs whose function is formally defined by and derivable from a specification. P-Programs [are problems] that can be precisely formulated but whose solution must inevitably reflect an approximation of the real world. E-Programs are inherently even more change prone. They are programs that mechanize a human or societal activity. - Meir M. Lehman, Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 68, No. 9, September 1980.
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45All problems in computer science can be solved by another level of indirection, except of course for the problem of too many indirections. - David Wheeler
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47If you have too many special cases, you're doing it wrong. - Craig Zerouni
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49One person's constant is another person's variable. - Susan Gerhart
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51One person's data is another person's program. - Guy L. Steele, Jr.
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53The RPC fallacy: making remote/slow/independent things pretend to be local/fast/fate-shared. - Wes Felter
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55Sometimes the problem is to discover what the problem is. - Gordon Glegg, 'The Design of Design' (1969)
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57In practice, designing seems to proceed by oscillating between sub-solution and sub-problem areas, as well as by decomposing the problem and combining sub-solutions. - Nigel Cross
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59Any attempt to formulate all possible requirements at the start of a project will fail and would cause considerable delays. - Pahl and Beitz, 'Engineering Design' (2007)
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61If a design, particularly a team design, is to have conceptual integrity, one should name the scarce resource explicitly, track it publicly, control it firmly. - Frederick P. Brooks, 'The Design of Design: Essays from a Computer Scientist' (2010)
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63A general-purpose product is harder to design well than a special-purpose one. - Frederick P. Brooks, 'The Design of Design: Essays from a Computer Scientist' (2010)
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65Firmitas, utilitas, venusitas. ("Firmness, utility, delight") - Marcus Vitruvius, 'De Architectura' (22BCE)
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67The besetting mistake of expert designers is not designing the thing wrong, but designing the wrong thing. - Frederick P. Brooks, 'The Design of Design: Essays from a Computer Scientist' (2010)
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69The central tension in the software process comes from the fact that we must go from an informally identified need that exists in-the-world to a formal model that operates in-the-computer. - Bruce Blum, 'Beyond Programming' (1996)
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71UML - Unnecessary Management Lingo. - @iamdevloper
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73There are only two hard things in Computer Science: off by one errors, cache invalidation and naming things. - Phil Karlton
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75Functions in particular are a programming language construct and as such not easily extended across programming languages, processes and networks, mostly due to different type systems and error states [...] it's not an accident or historical vestige that Unix philosophy uses the word 'program'. It has technical as well as social implications that have barely changed in the past 50 years. - fauigerzigerk
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77Most of it's bullshit but there is a core of good ideas you have to pay attention to. - Joseph Henry Condon on cognitive engineering (a 1970s predecessor to the Unix Philosophy)
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79Any piece of engineering design is a statement. By the designer without the user. - MSM
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81The major thing that we found was that you had to look at the whole problem. - Joseph Henry Condon, Bell Labs
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83People write programs around here because they want to use them. - Joseph Henry Condon, Bell Labs
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85There is no excellent beauty which hath not some strangeness in the proportion. - Francis Bacon
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87Don't pick the right tool for the job, pick the right framework which secures you extra work for being a tool. - @iamdevloper
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89I cannot paint until I have the complete picture in my mind. - René Magritte, surrealist
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91Everything tends to make one think that there is little relation between an object and that which represents it. - René Magritte, surrealist
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93Scissors, paste, images, and genius in effect superseded brushes, paints, models, style, sensibility, and that famous sincerity demanded of artists. - René Magritte, surrealist, on collage
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95I leave to others the business of causing anxiety and terror and mixing everything up. - René Magritte, surrealist
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97Our secret desire is for a change in the order of things. - René Magritte, surrealist
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99Ship of Theseus: All of the parts are new, and yet it is the same ship.
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101I came to the conclusion that the designer of a new system must not only be the implementor and the first large-scale user; the designer should also write the first user manual. - Donald E. Knuth, 'The Errors of TeX' (1989)
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103The height of cleverness is to be able to conceal it. - Francois de la Rochefoucauld (1613-1680)
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105It from Bit. [Information gives rise to] every it - every particle, every field of force, even the spacetime continuum itself. - 'Oracular monosyllables' of Archibald Wheeler, last surviving collaborator of Einstein and Bohr
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107What we call reality arises in the last analysis from the posing of yes-no questions. - Archibald Wheeler
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109TMI: Too Much Information (popular saying at the turn of the 21st century)
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111Shannon's maxim: One ought to design systems under the assumption that the enemy will immediately gain full familiarity with them.
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113If you want creativity, take a zero off your budget. If you want sustainability, take off two zeros. - Jaime Lerner
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115Keep your code absolutely simple. Keep looking at your functions and figure out how you simplify further. - John Romero, id Software
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117We are our own best testing team and should never allow anyone else to experience bugs [...] Don't waste others' time. Test thoroughly before checking in your code. - John Romero, id Software
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119As soon as you see a bug, you fix it. Do not continue on. If you don’t fix your bugs your new code will be built on a buggy codebase and ensure an unstable foundation. - John Romero, id Software
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121Encapsulate functionality to ensure design consistency. This minimizes mistakes and saves design time. - John Romero, id Software
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123No worthy problem is ever solved in the plane of its original conception. - Albert Einstein
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125New levels, new devils.
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127Little fleas have lesser fleas... and so on ad infinitum.
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129In the time that bandwidth doubles, latency improves by no more than a factor of 1.2 to 1.4 (and capacity improves faster than bandwidth) - David Patterson, U.C. Berkeley (2004)
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131Design the data, not the code. - Jon Devaan
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133Designing a computer system is very different from designing an algorithm: The external interface (that is, the requirement) is less precisely defined, more complex, and more subject to change. The system has much more internal structure, and hence many internal interfaces. The measure of success is much less clear. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
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135There probably isn't a 'best' way to build the system, or even any major part of it; much more important is to avoid choosing a terrible way, and to have clear division of responsibilities among the parts. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
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137Defining interfaces is the most important part of system design. Usually it is also the most difficult, since the interface design must satisfy three conflicting requirements: an interface should be simple, it should be complete, and it should admit a sufficiently small and fast implementation. Alas, all too often the assumptions embodied in an interface turn out to be misconceptions instead. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
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139The main reason interfaces are difficult to design is that each interface is a small programming language: it defines a set of objects and the operations that can be used to manipulate the objects. Concrete syntax is not an issue, but every other aspect of programming language design is present. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
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141Do one thing at a time, and do it well. An interface should capture the minimum essentials of an abstraction. Don't generalize; generalizations are generally wrong. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
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143When an interface undertakes to do too much its implementation will probably be large, slow and complicated. An interface is a contract to deliver a certain amount of service; clients of the interface depend on the contract, which is usually documented in the interface specification. They also depend on incurring a reasonable cost (in time or other scarce resources) for using the interface; the definition of 'reasonable' is usually not documented anywhere. If there are six levels of abstraction, and each costs 50% more than is 'reasonable', the service delivered at the top will miss by more than a factor of 10. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
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145Service must have a fairly predictable cost, and the interface must not promise more than the implementer knows how to deliver. Especially, it should not promise features needed by only a few clients, unless the implementer knows how to provide them without penalizing others. A better implementer, or one who comes along ten years later when the problem is better understood, might be able to deliver, but unless the one you have can do so, it is wise to reduce your aspirations. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
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147If in doubt, leave it out.
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149Exterminate features. - Charles P. Thacker
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151Everything should be made a simple as possible, but no simpler. - Albert Einstein
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153Perfection must be reached by degrees; she requires the slow hand of time. - Voltaire
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155Keep secrets of the implementation. Secrets are assumptions about an implementation that client programs are not allowed to make. In other words, they are things that can change; the interface defines the things that cannot change (without simultaneous changes to both implementation and client). Obviously, it is easier to program and modify a system if its parts make fewer assumptions about each other. On the other hand, the system may not be easier to design - it's hard to design a good interface. And there is a tension with the desire not to hide power. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
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157One way to improve performance is to increase the number of assumptions that one part of a system makes about another; the additional assumptions often allow less work to be done, sometimes a lot less. For instance, if a set of size n is known to be sorted, a membership test takes time log n rather than n. This technique is very important in the design of algorithms and the tuning of small modules. In a large system the ability to improve each part separately is usually more important. Striking the right balance remains an art. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
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159Divide and conquer. A well known method for solving a hard problem: reduce it to several easier ones. The resulting program is usually recursive. When resources are limited the method takes a slightly different form: bite off as much as will fit, leaving the rest for another iteration. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
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161An efficient program is an exercise in logical brinkmanship. - Edsger Dijkstra
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163Use a good idea again instead of generalizing it. A specialized implementation of the idea may be much more effective than a general one. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
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165Handle normal and worst cases separately, because the requirements for the two are quite different: The normal case must be fast. The worst case must make some progress. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
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167Nearly every non-trivial system has more specialized applications of caching. This is especially true for interactive or real-time systems, in which the basic problem is to incrementally update a complex state in response to frequent small changes. Doing this in an ad-hoc way is extremely error-prone. The best organizing principle is to recompute the entire state after each change but cache all the expensive results of this computation. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
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169Compute in background when possible. In an interactive or real-time system, it is good to do as little work as possible before responding to a request. The reason is twofold: first, a rapid response is better for the users, and second, the load usually varies a great deal, so there is likely to be idle processor time later in which to do background work. Many kinds of work can be deferred to background. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
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171Be wary then; best safety lies in fear. - William Shakespeare, 'Hamlet', Polonius' advice to Laertes (~1600)
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173Give every man thy ear, but few thy voice; Take each man's censure, but reserve thy judgment. - William Shakespeare, 'Hamlet', Polonius' advice to Laertes (~1600)
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175Safety first. In allocating resources, strive to avoid disaster rather than to attain an optimum.  Many years of experience with virtual memory, networks, disk allocation, database layout, and other resource allocation problems has made it clear that a general-purpose system cannot optimize the use of resources. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
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177Shed load to control demand, rather than allowing the system to become overloaded. There are many ways to shed load. An interactive system can refuse new users, or even deny service to existing ones. A memory manager can limit the jobs being served so that all their working sets fit in the available memory. A network can discard packets. If it comes to the worst, the system can crash and start over more prudently. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
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179If you only remember three things: (1) Keep it simple. (2) Interfaces to abstractions. (3) Write a spec. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
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181The unavoidable price of reliability is simplicity. It is a price which the very rich find hard to pay. - Sir C. A. R. ('Tony') Hoare
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183Many hard problems are best solved when they are addressed backward. - Charlie Munger, Vice-Chairman of Berkshire Hathaway
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185Bring the computation to the data rather than bringing the data to the computation.
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187You can't have effective competition without density and an ability to start extremely small. - @phil21
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189The Internet is not about technology; it's about communication. The Internet connects people who have shared interests, ideas and needs, regardless of geography. - Bob Taylor
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191I think that I shall never see; A graph more lovely than a tree. A tree whose crucial property; Is loop-free connectivity. - Radia Perlman, inventor of spanning tree
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193The 90/10 solution: Look for a way in which you can accomplish 90% of what you want with only 10% of the work/effort/time. If you search hard for it, there is almost always a 90/10 solution available. - Paul Buchheit
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195The most robust programs isolate complexity in a way that lets significant parts of the system appear simple and straightforward and interact in simple ways with other components in the system. - Terry Crowley
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197Performance analysis plays a key part in determining how and where to hide complexity. - Terry Crowley
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199Success in hiding complexity is determined not by the component doing the hiding but by the consumers of that component. - Terry Crowley
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201It is the fundamental role of a system designer to determine how to break down a system into components and layers; to make decisions about what to build and what to pick up from elsewhere. An important element in large scale engineering is understanding how these decisions will play out over time. Change fundamentally underlies everything we do as programmers, so these design choices are not only evaluated in the moment, but are evaluated in the years to come as the product continues to evolve. - Terry Crowley
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203Layers (or abstractions) are fundamentally leaky. These leaks have consequences immediately but also have consequences over time, in two ways. One consequence is that the characteristics of the layer leak through and permeate more of the system than you realize. These might be assumptions about specific performance characteristics or behavior ordering that is not an explicit part of the layer contract. This means that you generally are more vulnerable to changes in the internal behavior of the component that you understood. A second consequence is it also means you are more dependent on that internal behavior than is obvious, so if you consider changing that layer the consequences and challenges are probably larger than you thought. - Terry Crowley
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205Layers are too functional. A component you adopt will have more functionality than you actually require. In some cases, the decision to use it is based on leveraging that functionality for future uses. You adopt specifically because you want to 'get on the train' and leverage the ongoing work that will go into that component. Consequences: 1) The component will often make trade-offs that are biased by functionality that you do not actually require. 2) The component will embed complexity and constraints because of functionality you do not require and those constraints will impede future evolution of that component. 3) There will be more surface area to leak into your application. Some of that leakage will be due to true 'leaky abstractions' and some will be explicit (but generally poorly controlled) increased dependence on the full capabilities of the component. - Terry Crowley
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207Layers get replaced. Requirements evolve, systems evolve, components are abandoned. You eventually need to replace that layer or component. This is true for external component dependencies as well as internal ones. - Terry Crowley
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209Break apart and simplify components rather than accrete more and more functionality within them. - Terry Crowley
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211Revel in the asynchrony. Rather than trying to hide it, you accept it and design for it. - Terry Crowley
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213When you see a technique like idempotency or immutability, you recognize them as ways of embracing the fundamental nature of the universe, not just one more design tool in your toolbox. - Terry Crowley
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215Much of performance analysis is about three things: locality, locality, locality. Whether it is packing data on disk, managing processor cache hierarchies, or coalescing data into a communications packet, how data is packed together, the patterns for how you touch that data with locality over time and the patterns of how you transfer that data between components is fundamental to performance. Focusing on less code operating on less data with more locality over space and time is a good way to cut through the noise. - Terry Crowley
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217When looking at the structure of a system, I'm less interested in seeing how the code interacts... I want to see how the data interacts and flows. - Terry Crowley
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219If someone tries to explain a system by describing the code structure and does not understand the rate and volume of data flow, they do not understand the system. - Terry Crowley
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221Caches are fundamental but also dangerous. Caches are trying to leverage the runtime behavior of the code to change the pattern of interaction between different components in the system. They inherently need to model that behavior, even if that model is implicit in how they fill and invalidate the cache and test for a cache hit. If the model is poor or becomes poor as the behavior changes, the cache will not operate as expected. A simple guideline is that caches must be instrumented - their behavior will degrade over time because of changing behavior of the application and the changing nature and balance of the performance characteristics of the components you are modeling. Every long-time programmer has cache horror stories. - Terry Crowley
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223Light speed analysis: What is the best theoretical performance I could achieve with this design? What is the real information content being transferred and at what rate of change? What is the underlying latency and bandwidth between components? Could the approach ever achieve the performance goals or does it need a rethink? Understand the true performance characteristics of your building blocks rather than focusing on functional characteristics. - Terry Crowley
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225The human visual and nervous system [is] inherently constrained, which means a system designer can leverage (must leverage) those constraints, e.g. by virtualization (limiting how much of the underlying data model needs to be mapped into view data structures) or by limiting the rate of screen update to the perception limits of the human visual system. - Terry Crowley
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227I have struggled with complexity my entire career. One of our key approaches for managing complexity is to 'walk away' and start fresh. Often new tools or languages force us to start from scratch which means that developers end up conflating the benefits of the tool with the benefits of the clean start. The clean start is what is fundamental. The simplest way of controlling complexity growth is to build a smaller system with fewer developers. - Terry Crowley
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229I used to say my job was to design feedback loops. Transparent processes [are] a great tool for empowerment - the manager can invest more and more local control in those closest to the problem because of confidence they have visibility to the progress being made. Coordination emerges naturally. Key to this is that the goal has actually been properly framed (including key resource constraints like ship schedule). Decision-making that needs to constantly flow up and down the management chain usually reflects poor framing of goals and constraints by management. - Terry Crowley on technical management
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231One dirty little secret you learn as you move up the management ladder is that you and your new peers aren't suddenly smarter because you now have more responsibility. This reinforces that the organization as a whole better be smarter than the leader at the top. Empowering every level to own their decisions within a consistent framing is the key approach to making this true. Listening and making yourself accountable to the organization for articulating and explaining the reasoning behind your decisions is another key strategy. Surprisingly, fear of making a dumb decision can be a useful motivator for ensuring you articulate your reasoning clearly and make sure you listen to all inputs. - Terry Crowley on technical management
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233Crowley's 1st rule of distributed systems design: Think through the implications to the user experience from the start rather than trying to patch on error handling, cancellation and status reporting as an afterthought.
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235Crowley's 2nd rule of distributed systems design: Use asynchronous techniques to couple components. Synchronous coupling is impossible. If something appears synchronous, it's because some internal layer has tried to hide the asynchrony and in doing so has obscured (but definitely not hidden) a fundamental characteristic of the runtime behavior of the system.
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237Crowley's 3rd rule of distributed systems design: Recognize and explicitly design for interacting state machines. These states represent robust long-lived internal system states (rather than ad-hoc, ephemeral and undiscoverable state encoded by the value of variables in a deep call stack).
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239Crowley's 4th rule of distributed systems design: Failure is expected. The only guaranteed way to detect failure in a distributed system is to simply decide you have waited 'too long'. This naturally means that cancellation is first-class. Some layer of the system (perhaps plumbed through to the user) will need to decide it has waited too long and cancel the interaction. Cancelling is only about reestablishing local state and reclaiming local resources - there is no way to reliably propagate that cancellation through the system. It can sometimes be useful to have a low-cost, unreliable way to attempt to propagate cancellation as a performance optimization.
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241Crowley's 5th rule of distributed systems design: Cancellation is not rollback since it is just reclaiming local resources and state. If rollback is necessary, it needs to be an end-to-end feature.
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243Crowley's 6th rule of distributed systems design: You can never really know the state of a distributed component. As soon as you discover the state, it may have changed. When you send an operation, it may be lost in transit, it might be processed but the response is lost, or it may take some significant amount of time to process so the remote state ultimately transitions at some arbitrary time in the future. This leads to approaches like idempotent operations and the ability to robustly and efficiently rediscover remote state rather than expecting that distributed components can reliably track state in parallel. The concept of 'eventual consistency' succinctly captures many of these ideas.
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245A distributed system is one where the failure of a machine you've never heard of stops you from getting any work done. - Leslie Lamport
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247Success really depends on the conception of the problem, the design of the system, not in the details of how it's coded. - Leslie Lamport
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249You're not going to come up with a simple design through any kind of coding techniques or any kind of programming language concepts. Simplicity has to be achieved above the code level before you get to the point which you worry about how you actually implement this thing in code. - Leslie Lamport
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251UML - I know next to nothing about UML - but what I do know is the language was invented first and then people came around and tried to give semantics to the language. Well, in other words what that means is that the language was invented first and it really didn't mean anything. And then, later on, people came around to try to figure out what it meant. Well, that's not the way to design a specification language. The importance of a specification language is to specify something precisely, and therefore what you write - the specification you write - has to have a precise, rigorous meaning. - Leslie Lamport
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253UML: a language that was invented first and then people came around to try to get semantics. - Leslie Lamport
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255UML: fuzzy pictures of boxes and arrows. - Leslie Lamport
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257People use UML, things like UML, to model programs, but it's not clear how to translate them in to sequences of states, for concurrency. If you cannot translate them in to sequences of states, it means you don't understand them, and it may mean that there's nothing there. You know, there are lots of people selling snake-oil, drawing boxes and arrows that make you feel good, but ultimately have no real meaning. If something is really meaningful you should be able to express it in mathematics. - Leslie Lamport
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259The benefit of using [a formal specification language] is that it teaches you to think rigorously, to think precisely, and the important point is the precise thinking. So what you need to avoid at all costs is any language that's all syntax and no semantics. - Leslie Lamport
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261A lot of the problems that exist in software, a lot of the problems that one encounters in writing... in building a system, in writing a program: those are problems that are caused by not thinking about what you are doing before starting to code. - Leslie Lamport
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263If you're building a complicated system, the battle is won or lost before a single piece of code is written. - Leslie Lamport
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265You're not going to find the best algorithm in terms of computational complexity by coding. - Leslie Lamport
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267You could decide that you want to do something - the what - and then when it comes to programming it you discover that you can't - that is, you don't know how or the how is too expensive or something like that. So I don't mean to imply that what you should first do is thinking completely abstractly about what something is supposed to do and then, only then do you think about how you do it. Part of engineering is understanding what you can do in practice and what you can't. But, given that caveat, you really should understand what the system is doing before you try to implement it. - Leslie Lamport
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269There are two separate things you want to specify about a program or a system: what it does, and how it should do it. - Leslie Lamport
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271It's really important to understand what something is supposed to do before you start to do it. Very often, once you've decided precisely what something is supposed to do, implementing it - the coding, the how - is quite trivial, and it hardly needs a specification at all or might be so simple that you really can just start coding without writing any precise description of how it does it, beyond the specification of what it's supposed to do. - Leslie Lamport
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273First of all, there are lots of different things that can go by the name of specification. I use all of them. Sometimes a specification I write is a few English sentences. Sometimes, it's a very complicated mathematical description of the object, the what or the how. Which one is appropriate depends on the problem: how hard the problem is, how important it is that it get done correctly, and various things like that. - Leslie Lamport
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275Anything you do is an iterative process. You start out by thinking about something, and then you start writing it, and in the course of writing it, you rewrite and you rewrite and you rewrite. - Leslie Lamport
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277A lot of programs I write just for my own use and I can live with the bugs and it's not that important that they be absolutely correct, but sometimes I write code for other people to use and I really want it to work right. - Leslie Lamport
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279The important thing is not the syntax of what you're writing: the important thing is the precision, the rigor. In order to understand things, you have to write them precisely. I use mathematics because that is precise. - Leslie Lamport
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281People who are programmers should be able to think precisely. - Leslie Lamport
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283What you need to avoid at all costs is any language that's all syntax and no semantics, because that is not going to get you to think rigorously - that's going to get you to fool yourself in to thinking that you're thinking. - Leslie Lamport
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285My basic mode of thinking hasn't changed: basically the idea that I want to understand things, and understand things for me means being able to describe them mathematically. - Leslie Lamport
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287To think, you have to write. If you're thinking without writing, you only think you're thinking. - Leslie Lamport
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289Writing requires thinking. - Leslie Lamport
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291There are two models of reality that I find to be the most useful ones, especially when writing programs. The first is functions, and the second is sequences of states. - Leslie Lamport
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293All possible successor states of any state. - Leslie Lamport
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295Not knowing what a program should do means we have to think even harder, before we start coding. - Leslie Lamport
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297You write a spec to help you think about a problem before you write the code. - Leslie Lamport
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299People are so used to thinking at a code level that they can't think at a higher level. - Leslie Lamport
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301Why don't programmers write specs? Writing is like running. The less you do it, the slower you are. You have to strengthen your writing muscles. It takes practice. It's easier to find an excuse not to. - Leslie Lamport
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303Thinking doesn't guarantee that you won't make mistakes. Not thinking guarantees that you will. - Leslie Lamport
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305The right way to think about distributed systems, and I've been doing it for 40 years, is in terms of the state of the system. - Leslie Lamport
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307To the extent that [Agile software development] is [an excuse for not thinking], it's a bad thing. - Leslie Lamport
308%
309The essence of computing is discreteness, and I believe that what one will discover is that the essence of perception is discretizing something. That is, perception means receiving this continuous input from the environment and making a discrete categorization of it, and that's the point at which perception happens. - Leslie Lamport
310%
311Generally it doesn't seem to be necessary to deal with Byzantine failures. Using simple techniques like checksums to avoid corruption of data, it's generally felt that that kind of malicious behavior, outside of - where the malice is caused by failure not by hackers - you don't need Byzantine fault tolerance. So, in practice that means if the computers that you're building your system out of are under your control and not under hackers' control then you don't need Byzantine fault tolerance, in which case Paxos is basically the algorithm you should be using. There are different consensus algorithms that have been proposed but the ones that are practical in the sense that they're efficient are all equivalent to Paxos at least in the normal case, and Paxos works: use that. I mean it doesn't solve all your problems, because you still have the problem of optimizing: there are lots of optimization games you can play depending upon the particular nature of the state machine you're trying to implement, but if you understand the basic Paxos algorithm then you'll understand what optimizations can be made to get it to work well for your system. - Leslie Lamport
312%
313If you're not writing a program, you shouldn't use a programming language, because programming languages are really complicated. They get more and more complicated. Now, they're complicated for good reason: they've got a difficult problem to solve, which is to be able to generate efficient code for these complicated machines, but there's a lot simpler way to describe systems, algorithms, whatever, and y'know it's a language that's been developed for a couple of thousand years for saying things precisely. It's mathematics. - Leslie Lamport
314%
315Computation is not just about functions. If computation were about functions then quicksort and bubble-sort were the same because they're computing the same function. As I said a computing device is something that goes through a sequence of states and what an assignment statement is doing is it is telling you here is a new state, and also there's the notion of it's non-determinism, so the new state is not a function of the old state. So functional programming in a sense - functions - don't solve the problem of programming. - Leslie Lamport
316%
317The mathematics of computing - things like sets and functions and logic - are to computing what real numbers are to physics. People who are writing programs should be as facile with that kind of very simple math as physicists are with numbers. - Leslie Lamport
318%
319When you understand something, then you can find the math to express that understanding. The math doesn't provide the understanding. - Leslie Lamport
320%
321Modularity: Write simple parts connected by clean interfaces. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Programming (2003)
322%
323Composition: Design programs to be connected to other programs. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Programming (2003)
324%
325Separation: Separate policy from mechanism; separate interfaces from engines. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Programming (2003)
326%
327Parsimony: Write a big program only when it is clear by demonstration that nothing else will do. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Programming (2003)
328%
329Robustness: Robustness is the child of transparency and simplicity. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Programming (2003)
330%
331Representation: Fold knowledge into data so program logic can be stupid and robust. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Programming (2003)
332%
333Diversity: Distrust all claims for "one true way". - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Programming (2003)
334%
335Extensibility: Design for the future, because it will be here sooner than you think. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Programming (2003)
336%
337Clarity: Clarity is better than cleverness. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Programming (2003)
338%
339Transparency: Design for visibility to make inspection and debugging easier. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Programming (2003)
340%
341Simplicity: Design for simplicity; add complexity only where you must. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Programming (2003)
342%
343Least Surprise: In interface design, always do the least surprising thing. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Programming (2003)
344%
345Silence: When a program has nothing surprising to say, it should say nothing. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Programming (2003)
346%
347Repair: When you must fail, fail noisily and as soon as possible. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Programming (2003)
348%
349Economy: Programmer time is expensive; conserve it in preference to machine time. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Programming (2003)
350%
351Generation: Avoid hand-hacking; write programs to write programs when you can. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Programming (2003)
352%
353Optimization: Prototype before polishing. Get it working before you optimize it. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Programming (2003)
354%
355Bliss: Allow your users the luxury of ignorance. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Usability (2004)
356%
357Distractions: Allow your users the luxury of inattention. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Usability (2004)
358%
359Flow: Allow your users the luxury of attention. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Usability (2004)
360%
361Documentation: Documentation is an admission of failure. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Usability (2004)
362%
363Transparency: Every bit of program state that the user has to reason about should be manifest in the interface. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Usability (2004)
364%
365Modelessness: The interface's response to user actions should be consistent and never depend on hidden state. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Usability (2004)
366%
367Seven: Users can hold at most 7±2 things at once in working storage. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Usability (2004)
368%
369Reversibility: Every operation without an undo is a horror story waiting to happen. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Usability (2004)
370%
371Confirmation: Every confirmation prompt should be a surprise. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Usability (2004)
372%
373Failure: All failures should be lessons in how not to fail. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Usability (2004)
374%
375Silence: When a program has nothing surprising to say, it should say nothing. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Usability (2004)
376%
377Automation: Never ask the user for any information that you can autodetect, copy, or deduce. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Usability (2004)
378%
379Defaults: Choose safe defaults, apply them unobtrusively, and let them be overridden if necessary. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Usability (2004)
380%
381Respect: Never mistake keeping things simple for dumbing them down, or vice-versa. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Usability (2004)
382%
383Predictability: Predictability is more important than prettiness. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Usability (2004)
384%
385Reality: The interface isn't finished till the end-user testing is done. - Eric S. Raymond, The Art of Unix Usability (2004)
386%
387Small is beautiful. - Mike Garcanz: The Unix Philosophy
388%
389Make each program do one thing well. - Mike Garcanz: The Unix Philosophy
390%
391Build a prototype as soon as possible. - Mike Garcanz: The Unix Philosophy
392%
393Choose portability [high level] over efficiency [low-level]. - Mike Garcanz: The Unix Philosophy
394%
395Store data in flat text files. - Mike Garcanz: The Unix Philosophy
396%
397Use software leverage to your advantage. - Mike Garcanz: The Unix Philosophy
398%
399Use shell scripts [higher level languages] to increase leverage and portability. - Mike Garcanz: The Unix Philosophy
400%
401Avoid captive user interfaces. - Mike Garcanz: The Unix Philosophy
402%
403Make every program a filter. - Mike Garcanz: The Unix Philosophy
404%
405Those who don't understand Unix are condemned to reinvent it, poorly. - Henry Spencer
406%
407Unix is simple. It just takes a genius to understand its simplicity. - Dennis Ritchie
408%
409Unix was not designed to stop its users from doing stupid things, as that would also stop them from doing clever things. - Doug Gwyn
410%
411Unix never says 'please'. - Rob Pike
412%
413Unix is user-friendly. It just isn't promiscuous about which users it's friendly with. - Steven King
414%
415Make each program do one thing well. To do a new job, build afresh rather than complicate old programs by adding new features. - Doug McIlroy, The Bell System Technical Journal, Unix Time-Sharing System Forward (1978)
416%
417Expect the output of every program to become the input to another, as yet unknown, program. Don't clutter output with extraneous information. Avoid stringently columnar or binary input formats. Don't insist on interactive input. - Doug McIlroy, The Bell System Technical Journal, Unix Time-Sharing System Forward (1978)
418%
419Design and build software, even operating systems, to be tried early, ideally within weeks. Don't hesitate to throw away the clumsy parts and rebuild them. - Doug McIlroy, The Bell System Technical Journal, Unix Time-Sharing System Forward (1978)
420%
421Use tools in preference to unskilled help to lighten a programming task, even if you have to detour to build the tools and expect to throw some of them out after you've finished using them. - Doug McIlroy, The Bell System Technical Journal - Unix Time-Sharing System Forward (1978)
422%
423This is the Unix philosophy: Write programs that do one thing and do it well. Write programs to work together. Write programs to handle text streams, because that is a universal interface. - Doug McIlroy (1994)
424%
425The real hero of programming is the one who writes negative code. - Doug McIlroy
426%
427As a programmer, it is your job to put yourself out of business. What you do today can be automated tomorrow. - Doug McIlroy
428%
429Keep it simple, make it general, and make it intelligible. - Doug McIlroy
430%
431When in doubt, use brute force. - Ken Thompson
432%
433One of my most productive days was throwing away 1000 lines of code. - Ken Thompson
434%
435Postel's Prescription: Be liberal in what you accept, and conservative in what you send. - Jon Postel 
436%
43790% of the functionality delivered now is better than 100% of it delivered never. - Kernighan & Plauger
438%
439There are two major products that come out of Berkeley: LSD and UNIX. We don't believe this to be a coincidence. - Jeremy S. Anderson.
440%
441'One thing well' misses the point: it should be 'One thing well AND COMPOSES WELL' - marius eriksen (@marius), October 10, 2012, referring to the 'programs should do one thing and do it well' unix philosophy.
442%
443We have incomplete information about the world. - Mark Burgess, In Search of Certainty: The Science of Our Information Infrastructure (2013)
444%
445Use the right kind of probe to see the right level of detail. - Mark Burgess, In Search of Certainty: The Science of Our Information Infrastructure (2013)
446%
447Make our comprehension of the world more manageable by limiting the amount of information we have to interact with at any time. Our experience of the world can be made comprehensible, or incomprehensible, by design. - Mark Burgess, In Search of Certainty: The Science of Our Information Infrastructure (2013)
448%
449The effect of limited information is that we perceive and build the world as a collection of containers, patches or environments, separated from one another by limited information flow. These structures define characteristic scales. - Mark Burgess, In Search of Certainty: The Science of Our Information Infrastructure (2013)
450%
451The more details we can see, the less we have a sense of control. - Mark Burgess, In Search of Certainty: The Science of Our Information Infrastructure (2013)
452%
453Separation of concerns ... a necessary consequence of loss of resolution due to scale ... a strategy for staying sane. - Mark Burgess, In Search of Certainty: The Science of Our Information Infrastructure (2013)
454%
455Certainty = Knowledge + Information. Where knowledge is a relationship to the history of what we've already observed in the past, ie. an expectation of behaviour, and information is evidence of the present: that things are proceeding is expected. - Mark Burgess, In Search of Certainty: The Science of Our Information Infrastructure (2013)
456%
457The way control emerges in a quantum-mechanical sense is in the manipulation of guard-rails or constraining walls, forces called potentials: containers that limit the probable range of electrons to an approximately predictable region. This is not control, but loading the dice by throwing other dice at them. Similarly, when building technologies to deal with uncertainty, we must use similar ideas of constraint. - Mark Burgess, In Search of Certainty: The Science of Our Information Infrastructure (2013)
458%
459Strong coupling turns out to be a particular problem in computer based infrastructure. Chaos is easily contained, given the nature of computer-based infrastructure, yet systems are often pushed beyond the brink of instability. We do not escape from uncertainty so easily. - Mark Burgess, In Search of Certainty: The Science of Our Information Infrastructure (2013)
460%
461Designers who don't believe in Murphy's Law, that which can happen will happen, are irresponsible. - Mark Burgess, In Search of Certainty: The Science of Our Information Infrastructure (2013)
462%
463The simplest idea of stability is constancy, or invariance. A thing that has no possibility to change is, by definition, immune to external pertubations. [...] Invariance is an important concept, but also one that has been shattered by modern ideas of physics. What was once considered invariant, is usually only apparently invariant on a certain scale. When one looks in more detail, we find that we may only have invariance of an average. - Mark Burgess, In Search of Certainty: The Science of Our Information Infrastructure (2013)
464%
465Wiener's First Law: Every device creates its own opportunity for human error. - Earl Wiener, Professor of Engineering, University of Miami (1980)
466%
467Wiener's Second Law: Exotic devices create exotic problems. - Earl Wiener, Professor of Engineering, University of Miami (1980)
468%
469Wiener's Third Law: Digital devices tune out small errors while creating opportunities for large errors. - Earl Wiener, Professor of Engineering, University of Miami (1980)
470%
471Wiener's Fourth Law: Invention is the mother of necessity. - Earl Wiener, Professor of Engineering, University of Miami (1980)
472%
473Wiener's Fifth Law: Some problems have no solution. - Earl Wiener, Professor of Engineering, University of Miami (1980)
474%
475Wiener's Sixth Law: It takes an airplane to bring out the worst in a pilot. - Earl Wiener, Professor of Engineering, University of Miami (1980)
476%
477Wiener's Seventh Law: Whenever you solve a problem, you usually create one. You can only hope that the one you created is less critical than the one you eliminated. - Earl Wiener, Professor of Engineering, University of Miami (1980)
478%
479Wiener's Eighth and Final Law: You can never be too careful about what you put into a digital flight-guidance system. - Earl Wiener, Professor of Engineering, University of Miami (1980)
480%
481Decisiveness is overrated. - Philosophy, University of California, Santa Cruz
482%
483Starfish do not walk in straight lines. - Zoology, University College Dublin
484%
485Rocks that are next to each other in Massachusetts now were also next to each other 400 million years ago. - Geology, Amherst College
486%
487I'm sorry but there's nothing I can do to help. - Information Security, Johns Hopkins University
488%
489Rats will go to great lengths to earn a pellet of sugar, and even more so when on the right kinds of drugs. - Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles
490%
491The people don't understand. - Political science, Sciences Po Bordeaux
492%
493Kids with imaginary friends are wicked smaht. - Developmental Psychology, Clark University
494%
495Are We Certain Yet? Towards a Phenomenal Account of Scepticism - Philosophy, University of St Andrews
496%
497Acyclic dependencies principle: Avoid infinite loops.
498%
499Convention over configuration: Simplify normal use cases, without necessarily sacrificing flexibility.
500%
501Everything of importance has been said before by somebody who did not discover it. - Alfred North Whitehead
502%
503Gobbledygook. - Congressman Maury Maverick (1944); grandson of Samuel Augustus Maverick, originator of the term 'maverick'.
504%
505AI is whatever hasn't been done yet. - Douglas Hofstadter (1980)
506%
507The simple things you see are all complicated. - 'Substitute', song by The Who (1966)
508%
509Let us be lazy in everything, except in loving and drinking, except in being lazy. - Gotthold Ephraim Lessing (1729-1781)
510%
511It is the mark of great people to treat trifles as trifles and important matters as important. - Gotthold Ephraim Lessing (1729-1781)
512%
513The worst of superstitions is to think one's own most bearable. - Gotthold Ephraim Lessing (1729-1781), 'Nathan the Wise' (1779), Act IV, scene II
514%
515It is infinitely difficult to know when and where one should stop, and for all but one in thousands the goal of their thinking is the point at which they have become tired of thinking. - Gotthold Ephraim Lessing (1729-1781)
516%
517Laziness is the mother of efficiency. - Marian Propp
518%
519Human nature is above all things lazy. - Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811-1896)
520%
521Law of Communications: The inevitable result of improved and enlarged communications between different levels in a hierarchy is a vastly increased area of misunderstanding.
522%
523Good customer relations double productivity. - Larry Bernstein, Bell Communications Research
524%
525Rule of Defactualization: Information deteriorates upward through bureaucracies.
526%
527Fifth Rule: You have taken yourself too seriously.
528%
529Futility Principle: No experiment is ever a complete failure; it can always serve as a bad example.
530%
531One Page Principle: A specification that will not fit on one page cannot be understood.
532%
533The most powerful dehumanizing machine is not technology but the social machine, ie. The formation of command structures to make humans emulate technology in order to build pyramids and skyscrapers... - Lewis Mumford (1967)
534%
535When things are not going well, until you get the truth out on the table, no matter how ugly, you are not in a position to deal with it. - Bob Seelert, chairman of the global advertising firm Saatchi and Saatchi
536%
537The reasons you get into trouble become the reasons you don't get out of it. - Old saying in the aviation industry.
538%
539It seems that we are locked into a spiral in which poor human performance begets automation, which worsens human performance, which begets increasing automation. The pattern is common to our time but is acute in aviation. Air France 447 was a case in point. - William Langewiesche, 'The Human Factor: Should Airplanes be Flying Themselves?', Vanity Fair, October 2014
540%
541The dynamic has become inevitable. There will still be accidents, but at some point we will have only the machines to blame. - William Langewiesche, 'The Human Factor: Should Airplanes be Flying Themselves?', Vanity Fair, October 2014
542%
543Looking back, I think it was more difficult to see what the problems were than to solve them. - Charles Darwin
544%
545Thoroughly conscious ignorance is the prelude to every real advance in science. - James Clerk Maxwell
546%
547Science produces ignorance at a faster rate than it produces knowledge. - Stuart Firestein, Chair of the Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University
548%
549The idea we should outsource our memories to the web: it’s a short-cut to stupidity. The less we know, the worse we are at processing new information, and the slower we are to arrive at pertinent inquiry. - Ian Leslie, 'Google makes us all dumber: The Neuroscience of Search Engines', Salon.com (2014)
550%
551Machines are for answers; humans are for questions. - Kevin Kelly, founding executive editor of Wired magazine, former editor/publisher of the Whole Earth Review
552%
553In a world awash in ready-made answers, the ability to pose difficult, even unanswerable questions is more important than ever. - Ian Leslie, 'Google makes us all dumber: The Neuroscience of Search Engines', Salon.com (2014)
554%
555[Computers] are useless. They can only give you answers. - Pablo Picasso (1964) 
556%
557Computers are useless without truly curious humans. - Ian Leslie, 'Google makes us all dumber: The Neuroscience of Search Engines', Salon.com (2014)
558%
559The deep problem with the system was a kind of moral inertia. So long as it served the narrow self-interests of everyone inside it, no one on the inside would ever seek to change it, no matter how corrupt or sinister it became. - Michael Lewis on systematized high frequency trading (HFT) fraud, New York Times Magazine, March 2014.
560%
561If you believe in a principle, never damage it with a poor impression. You must go the whole way. - Charlie Parsons, gentleman scientist
562%
563Let the end of thy first sleep raise thee from thy repose: then hath thy body the best temper, then hath thy soule the least incumbrance; then no noise shall disturbe thine ear; no object shall divert thine eye. - 17th-century English poet Francis Quarles, on the value of night-waking, darkness and silence as aids to internal reflection
564%
565Throw The First One Away: You will understand the problem much better after your first attempt.
566%
567Fail Quickly: This makes evolution less painful and improves testability.
568%
569Minimize Coupling, Maximize Cohesion: It is better to reduce the amount of dependency between modules to make future changes and adaptations easier.
570%
571Make it work first, then make it work fast.
572%
573Data Design > Code Design
574%
575Document 'Why'
576%
577Save early, save often
578%
579Share early, share often
580%
581Avoid spherical cows: Understand the requirements, and anticipate change.
582%
583Reality is that which, when you stop believing in it, doesn't go away. - Philip K. Dick
584%
585Eroom’s law the number of new drugs approved per billion US dollars spent on R&D has halved roughly every nine years since 1950.
586%
587Get your data structures correct first, and the rest of the program will write itself. - David Jones
588%
589For 80 percent of all data sets, 95 percent of the information can be seen in a good graph. - William S. Cleveland, Bell Labs
590%
591The first step in fixing a broken program is getting it to fail repeatably. - Tom Duff, Bell Labs
592%
593If you've made it this far, you'll certainly appreciate this excellent advice. Eschew clever rules. - Joseph Henry Condon, Bell Labs
594%
595A meeting is a refuge from 'the dreariness of labor and the loneliness of thought'. - Bernard Baruch, In Risen, 'A Theory on Meetings' (1970)
596%
597The new electronic interdependence recreates the world in the image of a global village. - Marshall McLuhan, 'The Medium is the Message' (1967)
598%
599Truth will sooner come out of error than from confusion. - Sir Francis Bacon, 'The New Organon' (1620)
600%
601An articulated guess beats an unspoken assumption. - Frederick P. Brooks, 'The Design of Design: Essays from a Computer Scientist' (2010)
602%
603Every man who rises above the common level has received two educations: the first, from his teachers; the second, more personal and important, from himself. - Edward Gibbons, 'Memoirs of My Life and Writings' (1789)
604%
605Hanlon's razor: Never attribute to malice that which is adequately explained by stupidity.
606%
607Hadoop bit too much? Want a simpler syntax now? Use GNU Parallel. - Ole Tange
608%
609Being 'disruptive' used to be a black mark on a school report. Now it's a celebrated personality trait in Silicon Valley. - @iamdevloper
610%
611Experimental epistemology. - Sign on a door, MIT, 1952.
612%
613Discontent arises from a knowledge of the possible, as contrasted with the actual. - Aneurin Bevan (founder, UK NHS)
614%
615The people have spoken ... most of it was complete gibberish. - Linus Torvalds, Linux-4.0-rc1 announcement (2015-02-22)
616%
617Putting yourself in new situations constantly is the only way to ensure that you make your decisions unencumbered by the nature of habit, law, custom or prejudice – and it’s up to you to create the situations. - Crimethinc anarchist collective
618%
619We don't know one millionth of one percent about anything. - Thomas Edison
620%
621The fact that something is silly doesn't mean that it should be ignored. Hitler was silly. The Inquisition was stupid. The great religious wars and persecutions, I would argue, were thoroughly absurd. But they were also very terrible. The beliefs themselves may be silly or harmless, but a resurgence of medieval-type thinking is no laughing matter. - Robert Burnham Jr., Astronomer (1983)
622%
623We are all children. But if we cannot be wise, we can at least be honest. I accept the existence of what I call the all-pervading intelligence of the universe. The Orientals call it the Tao. To me, that is too obvious to need scientific proof. That's my religion - that and the Grand Canyon. And Yosemite. And the surf coming in with the tide. And NGC-6611. - Robert Burnham Jr., Astronomer (1983)
624%
625I would say this: There is no ultimate truth about life or the universe which can be expressed in words. Whatever it is, it has to be experienced directly. Words are symbols, never to be confused with the thing itself. The most that any set of symbols can do is to point the way. Your task is to walk down the road, not to worship the signpost. - Robert Burnham Jr., Astronomer (1983)
626%
627Blind monkey at the typewriter. - Robert Burnham Jr., Astronomer (1983)
628%
629May the ox of journalism always be yoked to the cart of commerce. - Herman Zweibel, [fictional] publisher of 'The Onion' (satire)
630%
631What can we do as a profession? First of all, acknowledge that our view of the benefits of finance is inflated. While there is no doubt that a developed economy needs a sophisticated financial sector, at the current state of knowledge there is no theoretical reason or empirical evidence to support the notion that all the growth of the financial sector in the last forty years has been beneficial to society. In fact, we have both theoretical reasons and empirical evidence to claim that a component has been pure rent seeking. By defending all forms of finance, by being unwilling to separate the wheat from the chaff, we have lost credibility in defending the real contribution of finance. - Luigi Zingales, 'Does Finance Benefit Society?' 2015 American Finance Association Presidential Address.
632%
633We should also be much more transparent on the negative aspects of the financial industry, from rent-seeking behavior to captured regulation, from inefficient boards to outright fraud. - Luigi Zingales, 'Does Finance Benefit Society?' 2015 American Finance Association Presidential Address.
634%
635They will say that because of my lack of book learning, I cannot properly express what I desire to treat of. Do they not know that my subjects require for their exposition experience rather than the words of others? And since experience has been the mistress, and to her in all points make my appeal. - Leonardo Da Vinci
636%
637The plural of anecdote is data. - Raymond Wolfinger (1969)
638%
639EIE_IO: With a SYNC SYNC here... and a SYNC SYNC there... - CP-6 OS's communications software, synchronous-terminal (BISYNC) module source code
640%
641There are three things that no one can advise another person for or against. One is marriage, another is waging war and the third is visiting the Holy Sepulchre. These things often end badly. - Eberhard, Count of Wurttemberg (1480).
642%
643Batch jobs and message queues give me 80% of the benefit of 'microservices' with only 5% of the pain. - daxfohl, Hacker News (2015-10-06)
644%
645Man is at his vilest when he erects a billboard. When I retire from Madison Avenue, I am going to start a secret society of masked vigilantes who will travel around the world on silent motor bicycles, chopping down posters at the dark of the moon. - David Ogilvy
646%
647All old-established national industries have been destroyed or are daily being destroyed. They are dislodged by new industries, whose introduction becomes a life and death question for all civilised nations, by industries that no longer work up indigenous raw material, but raw material drawn from the remotest zones; industries whose products are consumed, not only at home, but in every quarter of the globe. In place of the old wants, satisfied by the production of the country, we find new wants, requiring for their satisfaction the products of distant lands and climes. In place of the old local and national seclusion and self-sufficiency, we have intercourse in every direction, universal inter-dependence of nations. And as in material, so also in intellectual production. The intellectual creations of individual nations become common property. National one-sidedness and narrow-mindedness become more and more impossible, and from the numerous national and local literatures, there arises a world literature. - 'The Communist Manifesto', Karl Marx and Frederick Engels (1848)
648%
649Sometimes paranoia's just having all the facts. - William S. Burroughs
650%
651Go play with it yourself. - Joseph Henry Condon, Bell Labs
652%
653It's a paradox to be an artist working through the medium of machinery - but the paradox is where the sons of bitches have hidden all the oxygen. It may be crazy here, but we can breathe in here. Because the old art is no longer working, and the old science is no longer funded, and politics are a debacle, and the culture is at its wits' end. - Bruce Sterling (1995)
654%
655foo walks into a bar - @iamdevloper
656%
657nomads: people who have larger collections of coffee shop wifi passwords than clothes - @jongold
658%
659The software development process: I can't fix this. *crisis of confidence* *questions career* *questions life* Oh it was a typo, cool. - @iamdevloper
660%
661On the 7th day, God did a sprint retrospective. - @iamdevloper
662%
663What's a dinosaur's favourite file format? .rar - @iamdevloper
664%
665Asking a developer you've approached because of their work to do a code puzzle is like asking a surgeon to complete a game of Operation. - @iamdevloper
666%
667Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day, teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime, give a startup $$ and they'll waste it. - @iamdevloper
668%
669If your commit message is more than 15 words you should probably just write it down and read it to your therapist. - @iamdevloper
670%
671What do we want? ASYNCHRONICITY! When do we want it? THAT'S IRRELEVANT. - @iamdevloper
672%
673What is 2+2? Engineer: 4.000000 Manager: Around 4. Accountant: What do you want it to be? - @iamdevloper
674%
675QA teams represent the alienation of product teams from their labor. - Startup Marx
676%
677Values aren't achieved through specialization. Imagine a VP of teamwork. - Startup L. Jackson
678%
679Let's base our entire SDLC off of a product meant for tracking bugs. - David J. Bland
680%
681Days since array index errors: -1 - @iamdevloper
682%
683Programming is like endless detangling of Christmas lights. - Fred Willerup
684%
685$1: Not sure if currency or regex capture group. - @iamdevloper
686%
6871998: Don't get in strangers' cars. Don't meet people from the internet. 2016: Literally summon strangers from internet to get in their car.
688%
689Things that don't exist: Unit tests, DRY, TDD.
690%
691A JavaScript developer walks into a bar. By the time they go to order, the bar is abandoned and out-of-date. - @iamdevloper
692%
6932003: I replaced you with a set of very small shell scripts. 2013: I replaced your scripts with a six-figure enterprise DevOps platform. - @NeckbeardHacker
694%
695What kind of meat comes on the Functional Object Burger? Lamb, duh. - @hipsterhacker
696%
697Erlang is better than yer lang. - @hipsterhacker
698%
699I can't believe your Caps Lock key hasn't been remapped yet. - @hipsterhacker
700%
701They say the dream of the 90's is alive in Portland, but I haven't met a single Java developer here. - @hipsterhacker
702%
703For angel investors: A startup's value is inversely proportional to the # of people wearing business casual. - @hipsterhacker
704%
705Common Lisp is making a comeback like bellbottoms, pubic hair, and the unholy alliance of mustaches and androgyny. - @hipsterhacker
706%
707Android's spellchecker doesn't know the word 'quinoa', but iPhone's does. I'm guessing the same can be said for their respective users. - @hipsterhacker
708%
709Only old people need money to get a startup going. Venture capital? More like denture capital. - @hipsterhacker
710%
711I write world-changing applications in languages you have probably not yet heard of. My code is poetry, meanwhile yours is oh-noetry. - @hipsterhacker
712%
713Comedy: You, trying to launch a startup from scratch using Java. Tragedy: Me, trying to debug 27k lines of legacy Perl that brings $113MM/yr - @NeckbeardHacker
714%
715Did you hear about the C programmer who broke their ARM? They were volatile because they had an unsigned cast. - @silentbicycle
716%
717Q: What LAN protocol was forged in the fires of Mount Doom? A: Tolkien ring. - @aloria
718%
719Best kind of engineers to work with: 40yo parents who actually know how computers work. Worst kind: 22yo kids who love javascript frameworks. - @rogerclark
720%
721CentOS in the streets, Gentoo in the sheets. - @NeckbeardHacker
722%
723What's bower? A package manager, install it with npm. What's npm? A package manager, install it with brew. What's brew? ...  - @ddprtt
724%
725Wait... are you saying that you don't write tests for your shell scripts? How do you know if they're correct? - @NeckbeardHacker
726%
727A machine learning researcher, a crypto-currency expert, and an Erlang programmer walk into a bar. Facebook buys the bar for $27 billion. - @ML_Hipster
728%
729The filth of their mongrel LISPs and NoSQL will foam up about their waists, and their VCs will shout "Save us!" ...and I'll whisper "No." - @NeckbeardHacker
730%
731Works fine for me locally. Sounds like an ops problem. I'm going to lunch. - @hipsterhacker
732%
733Did you know Richard Stallman is developing a free open source Unix-like OS? No? I guess you hadn't...Hurd. - @NeckbeardHacker
734%
735BREAKING: Linux version upgrades still free. - @NeckbeardHacker
736%
737Company seeks Neutral-aligned Level 60 Half-Elf Assassin/Mage for VC-backed, webscale-tier campaign. No munchkins, please. (sponsored tweet) - @NeckbeardHacker
738%
739Those who can't code, sysadmin. And those who can't sysadmin, sysadmin Windows. - @NeckbeardHacker
740%
741Immutability: The property of functional programmers that prevents them from shutting up about pure functional programming. - @raganwald
742%
743Knowing what to code is more important than knowing how to code. - @pmddomingos
744%
745Optimist: The glass is half full. Pessimist: The glass is half empty. Engineer: The glass is too large. - @pmddomingos
746%
747Telling a programmer there's already a library to do X is like telling a songwriter there's already a song about love. - @petecordell
748%
749boondoggle (n): work or activity that is wasteful or pointless but gives the appearance of having value
750%
751Rule #8: Try not to create and analyze at the same time. They are different processes. - John Cage
752%
753The essence of philosophy is that a man should so live that his happiness shall depend as little as possible on external things. - Ἐπίκτητος/Epictetus, Stoic philosopher born a slave (55-135)
754%
755One argues because one is confused. The man who knows does not argue; the man who argues does not know. - Lin Yutang, 'Pleasures of a Nonconformist' (1962)
756%
757Each thing we see hides something else we want to see. - René Magritte, surrealist
758%
759We are surrounded by curtains. We only perceive the world behind a curtain of semblance. At the same time, an object needs to be covered in order to be recognized at all. - René Magritte, surrealist
760%
761The easiest person to deceive is one's own self. - Edward Bulwer-Lytton
762%
763Beware that you do not lose the substance by grasping at the shadow. - Aesop
764%
765Censorship: panacea of the autocrat, fear of the progressive, joke of the youth. - @ccvannorman
766%
767Heilmeier Catechism: (1) What are you trying to do? Articulate your objectives using absolutely no jargon. What is the problem? Why is it hard? (2) How is it done today, and what are the limits of current practice? (3) What's new in your approach and why do you think it will be successful? (4) Who cares? (5) If you're successful, what difference will it make? What impact will success have? How will it be measured? (6) What are the risks and the payoffs? (7) How much will it cost? (8) How long will it take? (9) What are the midterm and final 'exams' to check for success? How will progress be measured? - George H. Heilmeier, Director of ARPA, 1970s
768%
769Some people never go crazy. What truly horrible lives they must live. - 'Barfly' (1987)
770%
771Anybody can be a nondrunk. It takes a special talent to be a drunk. It takes endurance. Endurance is more important than truth. - 'Barfly' (1987)
772%
773They speak to us with the absolute authority of the computer, and we bow down before them. They are god's own gift to the faker. - Orson Welles on art experts, 'F for Fake' (1973)
774%
775Startups mostly don't compete against each other, they compete against no one giving a shit. - Justin Kan
776%
777Engineers are pretty arrogant. Like, I would never want to hang out with those guys for a minute, outside of work. In most cases, in most jobs I had. - 'Engineered Truth'
778%
779A great many people think they are thinking when they are really rearranging their prejudices. - William James
780%
781Why do we host on AWS? Because if it goes down then our customers are so busy worried about themselves being down that they don't even notice that we're down!
782%
783Banking has always orientated towards cartel structures with high synthetic start-up capital costs, because the good the sector ultimately provides (trust) has a zero marginal cost of production. This renders the industry uniquely vulnerable to undercutting. - Izabella Kaminska, Financial Times
784%
785Why don't computers crash at the same time? Because network connections aren't fast enough. - 1980s computing joke
786%
787Robot, n. A machine that doesn't work yet. (Because if it worked you'd name it after what it does, like a dishwasher or a vacuum cleaner).
788%
789Never underestimate the power of being one of the few people to have a particular set of individually-common skills. If you know molecular biology and group theory, or chemical engineering and architecture, or web design and sign language, or whatever and whatever, there's special opportunities open to you and almost noone else. - @maxander
790%
791Your margin is my opportunity. - Jeff Bezos
792%
793I am enough of the artist to draw freely upon my imagination. Imagination is more important than knowledge. Knowledge is limited. Imagination encircles the world. - Albert Einstein (1929)
794%
795The practical genius is not someone who knows everything but knows where to find it.
796%
797Inside every utopia is a dystopia striving to get out.
798%
799We are faced with an insurmountable opportunity. - Walter Crawford Kelly, Jr., American animator and cartoonist
800%
801An engineer is a man who can do for a dime what any fool can do for a dollar.
802%
803We didn't quite invent everything. We didn't invent spreadsheets, and there's actually a good lesson in that. I think the reason we didn't invent spreadsheets is that we didn't have any use for them, since we didn't do accounting. - Dr. Butler Lampson, on Xerox PARC (2016)
804%
805Experiment patiently, accept failures, plant seeds, protect saplings, and double down when you see customer delight - Jeff Bezos (2017)
806%
807Talent is hitting a target that nobody else can hit, genius is hitting a target that nobody else can see. - Schopenhauer
808%
8096,000 years of history in 640k. - Sid Meier on Civilization
810%
811The purpose of computation is insight, not numbers. - Richard Hamming
812%
813I admire the elegance of your method of computation; it must be nice to ride through these fields upon the horse of true mathematics while the like of us have to make our way laboriously on foot. - Albert Einstein to Tullio Levi-Civita, on tensor analysis (1915)
814%
815Everyone struggles. This is what it means to be human.
816%
817The only normal people are the ones you don't know very well.
818%
819PARC only happened because of the Vietnam War. Nobody wanted to try to do this stuff inside of a company, the company quarterly cycles and everything else are really antithetical to long-range thinking. - Alan Kay on the emergence of the personal computer (2017)
820%
821Procrastination is a vice when it comes to productivity, but it can be a virtue for creativity. - Adam Grant
822%
823To be original you don't have to be first - you just have to be different and better. - Adam Grant
824%
825Prestige is a sucker's game; it's a way of inducing people to do things that aren't much fun and they wouldn't really want to do on their own, by lauding them with accolades from people they don't really care about. - @nostrademons
826%
827The phrase that determines the total pain of basically all systems biology is 'combinatorial explosion'. - @hprotagonist
828%
829Don't let anyone rob you of your imagination, your creativity, or your curiosity. It's your place in the world; it's your life. Go on and do all you can with it, and make it the life you want to live. - Mae Jemison, engineer, physician, and first African-American female astronaut
830%
831Where is the life we have lost in living? Where is the wisdom we have lost in knowledge? Where is the knowledge we have lost in information? - T.S. Elliot (1934)
832%
833Spend more time working on code that analyzes the meaning of metrics than code that collects, moves, stores and displays metrics. - Adrian Cockcroft
834%
835Those who don't understand the past are condemned to repeat it. - Kevin Driscoll
836%
837An expert is someone who can avoid the worst errors in their own discipline. - Werner Heisenberg
838%
839Opportunity is missed by most people because it is dressed in overalls and looks like work. - Thomas Edison
840%
841Waiting is frustrating, demoralizing, agonizing, aggravating, annoying, time consuming and incredibly expensive. - Fedex, p. 10, 'Fortune', 28 July 1980.
842%
843The first law of service: Satisfaction equals perception minus expectation.
844%
845First of all it has to an intellectual challenge. Secondly it has to be of some significance, and there are many different dimensions of significance. So for example things that have an impact on human life and in fact survival are of course significant, even if they don't pose much of an intellectual challenge. - Noam Chomsky on what makes things interesting, 2017
846%
847The first article I wrote [...] was about the rise of fascism. - Noam Chomsky, world's most cited academic, 2017
848%
849Those are things you learn ... if you pay attention. - Noam Chomsky, 2017
850%
851And now you can get it on the internet, thanks to what we call the free market: which means the taxpayer putting huge amounts of subsidies in to developing the high tech system of the next generation which is handed over to private corporations for marketing and profit. So that's the internet and computers and so on and so forth. - Noam Chomsky, 2017
852%
853Why not do some of the serious things? - Noam Chomsky, closing remark to Googlers, 2017
854%
855From what I understand of the last 15 years, IPOs are now for cashing out when you've manufactured a solid enough filing to convince normal people that you're worth what the 10 VCs who gave you money say you're worth. No company IPOs if they don't absolutely have to. It's like conceding that you can't make enough profit privately to recoup your investment on any kind of reasonable timescale.  - @forthefuture
856%
857The factory of the future will have only two employees, a man and a dog. The man will be there to feed the dog. The dog will be there to keep the man from touching the equipment. - Warren G. Bennis
858%
859Pitch books have been banned in the Bay Area since 2005. Founders meet VCs for acrobatic yoga and a vegan lunch and close deals with a group hug. - Ari Paul (2017)
860%
861Shannon's six secrets: Simplification. Analogy. Reframing. Abstraction. Division. Inversion. - Claude Shannon (1954), a modern summary.
862%
863People have become slaves of probability. - Alphaville (1965)
864%
865Jeff Bezos is the Genghis Khan of the internet. - Andrew Clay Shafer
866%
867Art without engineering is dreaming; Engineering without art is calculating. - Steven K. Roberts
868%
869The number of UNIX installations is now above 20, and many more are expected. - Unix Programmer's Manual (1973)
870%
871The current wave of reducing everything to a combination of 'data & algorithm' and tackling every problem with more data and better algorithms is the logical end-point of the control revolution that started in the 19th century. - Ashwin Parameswaran (2012)
872%
873Creative destruction occurs despite our best efforts to stamp it out. In a sense, disruption is an outsider to the essence of the industrial and post-industrial period of the last two centuries, the overriding philosophy of which is automation and algorithmisation aimed at efficiency and control. - Ashwin Parameswaran (2012)
874%
875The endogenous nature of [the] buildup of complexity eventually makes the system fundamentally illegible to the human operator - a phenomenon that is ironic given that the fundamental aim of the control revolution is to increase legibility. - Ashwin Parameswaran (2012)
876%
877Near-optimal robustness in both natural and economic systems is not achieved with simplistically diverse agent compositions or with significant redundancies or slack at agent level. - Ashwin Parameswaran (2012)
878%
879The key to achieving resilience with near-optimal configurations is to tackle disturbances and generate novelty/innovation with an an emergent systemic response that reconfigures the system rather than simply a localised response. - Ashwin Parameswaran (2012)
880%
881Eventually mean/median system performance deteriorates as more and more pure slack and redundancy needs to be built in at all levels to make up for the irreversibly fragile nature of the system. The business cycle is an oscillation between efficient fragility and robust inefficiency. Over the course of successive cycles, both poles of this oscillation get worse which leads to median/mean system performance falling rapidly at the same time that the tails deteriorate due to the increased illegibility of the automated system to the human operator. - Ashwin Parameswaran (2012)
882%
883Complex systems are intrinsically hazardous systems. - Richard I. Cook, MD. 'How Complex Systems Fail'.
884%
885Complex systems are heavily and successfully defended against failure. The high consequences of failure lead over time to the construction of multiple layers of defense against failure. These defenses include obvious technical components (e.g. backup systems, 'safety' features of equipment) and human components (e.g. training, knowledge) but also a variety of organizational, institutional, and regulatory defenses (e.g. policies and procedures, certification, work rules, team training). - Richard I. Cook, MD. 'How Complex Systems Fail'.
886%
887Catastrophe requires multiple failures. - Richard I. Cook, MD. 'How Complex Systems Fail'.
888%
889Complex systems contain changing mixtures of failures latent within them. - Richard I. Cook, MD. 'How Complex Systems Fail'.
890%
891Complex systems run in degraded mode. - Richard I. Cook, MD. 'How Complex Systems Fail'.
892%
893Catastrophe is always just around the corner. - Richard I. Cook, MD. 'How Complex Systems Fail'.
894%
895Post-accident attribution to a 'root cause' is fundamentally wrong. - Richard I. Cook, MD. 'How Complex Systems Fail'.
896%
897Hindsight biases post-accident assessments of human performance. - Richard I. Cook, MD. 'How Complex Systems Fail'.
898%
899Human operators have dual roles: as producers of and as defenders against failure. - Richard I. Cook, MD. 'How Complex Systems Fail'.
900%
901All practitioner actions are gambles: acts that take place in the face of uncertain outcomes. - Richard I. Cook, MD. 'How Complex Systems Fail'.
902%
903Human practitioners are the adaptable element of complex systems. Some of these adaptations include: (1) Restructuring the system in order to reduce exposure of vulnerable parts to failure. (2) Concentrating critical resources in areas of expected high demand. (3) Providing pathways for retreat or recovery from expected and unexpected faults. (4) Establishing means for early detection of changed system performance in order to allow graceful cutbacks in production or other means of increasing resiliency. - Richard I. Cook, MD. 'How Complex Systems Fail'.
904%
905Human expertise in complex systems is constantly changing. - Richard I. Cook, MD. 'How Complex Systems Fail'.
906%
907Change introduces new forms of failure. - Richard I. Cook, MD. 'How Complex Systems Fail'.
908%
909Safety is a characteristic of systems and not of their components. - Richard I. Cook, MD. 'How Complex Systems Fail'.
910%
911Failure free operations require experience with failure. - Richard I. Cook, MD. 'How Complex Systems Fail'.
912%
913A project is complete when it starts working for you, rather than you working for it. - Scott Allen
914%
915Done is better than perfect. - Scott Allen
916%
917Sometimes it takes an expert to point out the obvious. - Scott Allen
918%
919Random chance plays a huge part in everybody's life. - Gary Gygax, inventor of D&D
920%
921The secret we should never let the gamemasters know is that they don't need any rules. - Gary Gygax, inventor of D&D
922%
923I hated school, didn't like the discipline. - Gary Gygax, inventor of D&D
924%
925When I am working on a problem, I never think about beauty but when I have finished, if the solution is not beautiful, I know it is wrong. - R. Buckminster Fuller
926%
927A designer is an emerging synthesis of artist, inventor, mechanic, objective economist and evolutionary strategist. - R. Buckminster Fuller
928%
929How often I found where I should be going only by setting out for somewhere else. - R. Buckminster Fuller
930%
931Don't fight forces, use them. - R. Buckminster Fuller
932%
933One in ten thousand of us can make a technological breakthrough capable of supporting all the rest. The youth of today are absolutely right in recognizing this nonsense of earning a wage. - R. Buckminster Fuller (1960s?)
934%
935What usually happens in the educational process is that the faculties are dulled, overloaded, stuffed and paralyzed so that by the time most people are mature they have lost their innate capabilities. - R. Buckminster Fuller
936%
937We are called to be architects of the future, not its victims. - R. Buckminster Fuller
938%
939There is nothing in a caterpillar that tells you it's going to be a butterfly. - R. Buckminster Fuller
940%
941Search others for their virtue, and yourself for your vices. - R. Buckminster Fuller
942%
943Everyone is born a genius, but the process of living de-geniuses them. - R. Buckminster Fuller
944%
945If you are the master be sometimes blind, if you are the servant be sometimes deaf. - R. Buckminster Fuller
946%
947People should think things out fresh and not just accept conventional terms and the conventional way of doing things. - R. Buckminster Fuller
948%
949Don't undertake a project unless it is manifestly important and nearly impossible. - Edwin Land, founder of Polaroid
950%
951An essential aspect of creativity is not being afraid to fail. - Edwin Land, founder of Polaroid
952%
953Any problem can be solved using the materials in the room. - Edwin Land, founder of Polaroid
954%
955Creativity is the sudden cessation of stupidity. - Edwin Land, founder of Polaroid
956%
957Politeness is the poison of collaboration. - Edwin Land, founder of Polaroid
958%
959Marketing is what you do when your product is no good. - Edwin Land, founder of Polaroid
960%
961Science is a method to keep yourself from kidding yourself. - Edwin Land, founder of Polaroid
962%
963The most important thing about power is to make sure you don't have to use it. - Edwin Land, founder of Polaroid
964%
965It's not that we need new ideas, but we need to stop having old ideas. - Edwin Land, founder of Polaroid
966%
967If you dream of something worth doing and then simply go to work on it and don't think anything of personalities, or emotional conflicts, or of money, or of family distractions; it is amazing how quickly you get through those 5,000 steps. - Edwin Land, founder of Polaroid
968%
969CSCI 2100: Unlearning Object-Oriented Programming - Discover how to create and use variables that aren't inside of an object hierarchy. Learn about 'functions,' which are like methods but more generally useful. Prerequisite: Any course that used the term 'abstract base class.' - James Hague
970%
971CSCI 3300: Classical Software Studies - Discuss and dissect historically significant products, including VisiCalc, AppleWorks, Robot Odyssey, Zork, and MacPaint. Emphases are on user interface and creativity fostered by hardware limitations. - James Hague
972%
973CSCI 4020: Writing Fast Code in Slow Languages - Analyze performance at a high level, writing interpreted Python that matches or beats typical C++ code while being less fragile and more fun to work with. - James Hague
974%
975CSCI 2170: User Experience of Command Line Tools - An introduction to UX principles as applied to command line programs designed as class projects. Core focus is on output relevance, readability, and minimization. UNIX 'ls' tool is a case study in excessive command line switches. - James Hague
976%
977PSYC 4410: Obsessions of the Programmer Mind - Identify and understand tangential topics that software developers frequently fixate on: code formatting, taxonomy, type systems, splitting projects into too many files. Includes detailed study of knee-jerk criticism when exposed to unfamiliar systems. - James Hague
978%
979What idiot called it "deep learning hype" and not "backpropaganda"? - @nsaphra
980%
981You threaten my startup with patents & debt? I've chosen my models carefully. Perhaps you should have done the same. - @ML_Hipster
982%
983Adverserial training = gradient dissent. - @ylecun
984%
985A recent meta-analysis of empirical results in scientific papers showed 36% were 'lies', 27% 'damned lies', and 37% 'other'. - @ML_Hipster
986%
987A good learner is forever walking the narrow path between blindness and hallucination. - Pedro Domingos, 'The Master Algorithm' (2015)
988%
989He who controls the data controls the learner. - @pmddomingos
990%
991Q: Why did the deep net cross the road? A: We don't know. But look, it did it really well... - @cogconfluence
992%
993The Turing test is like saying planes don't fly unless they can fool birds into thinking they're birds. - Peter Norvig
994%
995Using weighted majority to evaluate MOOCs that teach sequential prediction. It's online learning of online learning for online learning. - @ML_Hipster
996%
997Q: How many machine learners does it take to change a lightbulb? A: Isn't that a database thing? - @ML_Hipster
998%
999This ML algorithm is rated R. It contains: Strong assumptions, frequent sampling, and matrix inversions. Restricted to masochistic users. - @ML_Hipster
1000%
1001Thinking of changing my business cards to read: Freelance Datamancer. - @ML_Hipster
1002%
1003The most important problem in machine learning is overfitting, or hallucinating patterns that aren't really there. - Pedro Domingos, 'The Master Algorithm' (2015)
1004%
1005We induce the most widely applicable rules we can and reduce their scope only when the data forces us to. At first sight this may seem ridiculously overconfident, but it's been working for science for over 300 years. - Pedro Domingos, 'The Master Algorithm' (2015), paraphrasing Newton's Third Law of Induction
1006%
1007Learning is forgetting the details as much as it is remembering the important parts. - Pedro Domingos, 'The Master Algorithm' (2015)
1008%
1009Data Mining: Torturing the data until it confesses.
1010%
1011Learning is a race between the amount of data you have and the number of hypotheses you consider. More data exponentially reduce the number of hypotheses that survive. - Pedro Domingos, 'The Master Algorithm' (2015)
1012%
1013Probably approximately correct. - Leslie Valiant, Turing Award recipient in the field of machine learning
1014%
1015For machine learning, testing on unseen data is indispensable because it's the only way to tell whether the learner has overfit or not. - Pedro Domingos, 'The Master Algorithm' (2015)
1016%
1017ML Tribe 1/5 - Symbolists: All intelligence can be reduced to manipulating symbols, in the same way that a mathematician solves equations by replacing expressions by other expressions. Incorporate preexisting knowledge into learning, and combine different pieces of knowledge on the fly in order to solve new problems. Master algorithm is inverse deduction, which figures out what knowledge is missing in order to make a deduction go through, and then make it as general as possible. 1:1 concept:symbol. Sequential process. - Pedro Domingos, 'The Master Algorithm' (2015)
1018%
1019ML Tribe 2/5 - Connectionists: Learning is what the brain does, and so we need to reverse engineer it. Adjust the strength of connections between neurons. Figure out which connections are to blame for which errors and change them accordingly. Master algorithm is backpropagation, which compares a system's output with the desired one and then successively changes the connections. 1:n concept:synapse. Parallel process. - Pedro Domingos, 'The Master Algorithm' (2015)
1020%
1021ML Tribe 3/5 - Evolutionists: The mother of all learning is natural selection. If it made us it can make anything and all we need to do is simulate it. The key problem is learning structure. Master algorithm is genetic programming. - Pedro Domingos, 'The Master Algorithm' (2015)
1022%
1023ML Tribe 4/5 - Bayesians: Concerned with uncertainty. Learning is uncertain inference. Bayes' theorem and its derivatives provide probabalistic inference, efficiently incorporating new evidence in to our beliefs. - Pedro Domingos, 'The Master Algorithm' (2015)
1024%
1025ML Tribe 5/5 - Analogizers: The key to learning is recognizing and inferring similarities between situations. The key problem is judging how similar two things are. Master algorithm is the support vector machine which figures out which experiences to remember and how to combine them to make new predictions. - Pedro Domingos, 'The Master Algorithm' (2015)
1026%
1027For me, it all comes down to state power against the people's ability to meaningfully oppose that power. - Edward Snowden, NSA whistleblower
1028%
1029I remember what the internet was like before it was being watched and there's never been anything in the history of man that's like it. [...] It was free and unrestrained, and we've seen the chilling of that, the cooling of that, the changing of that model towards something in which people self-police their views and they literally make jokes about ending up on 'the list' if they donate to a political cause or if they say something in a discussion, and it's become an expectation that we're being watched. - Edward Snowden, NSA whistleblower
1030%
1031Technology is increasingly providing us [with] the ability to encode our rights not just in to our laws but in to our systems. So when the failure of black letters on a page becomes apparent, we still have the failsafe of our technological systems, the systems that we surround ourselves [with] and rely upon every day. - Edward Snowden, NSA whistleblower
1032%
1033Policy is a very weak protection. - Edward Snowden, NSA whistleblower
1034%
1035Policy is a one-way ratchet that only loosens over time. - Edward Snowden, NSA whistleblower
1036%
1037Government never places additional restrictions on itself... unprovoked. - Edward Snowden, NSA whistleblower
1038%
1039Many people I've talked to have told me that they're careful about what they type in to search engines because they know that it's being recorded. That limits the boundaries of their intellectual exploration. - Edward Snowden, NSA whistleblower
1040%
1041I'm more willing to risk imprisonment (or any other negative outcome) personally than I am willing to risk the curtailment of my intellectual freedom and that of those around me who I care for equally as I do for myself. - Edward Snowden, NSA whistleblower
1042%
1043I feel good in my human experience to know that I can contribute to the good of others. - Edward Snowden, NSA whistleblower
1044%
1045I have some strongly held views. - Edward Snowden, NSA whistleblower
1046%
1047The balance of power between the citizenry and the government is becoming that of the ruling and the ruled, as opposed to the elected and the electorate. - Edward Snowden, NSA whistleblower
1048%
1049The winds of change originate in the unconscious minds of domain experts. If you're sufficiently expert in a field, any weird idea or apparently irrelevant question that occurs to you is ipso facto worth exploring. - Paul Graham (2014) 
1050%
1051The people I've met who do great work… generally feel that they're stupid and lazy, that their brain only works properly one day out of ten, and that it’s only a matter of time until they’re found out. - Paul Graham (2004) 
1052%
1053It's particularly hard for hackers to know how good they are, because it's hard to compare their work. - Paul Graham (2004) 
1054%
1055When you reach the point where 90% of a group's output is created by 1% of its members, you lose big if something (whether Viking raids, or central planning) drags their productivity down to the average. - Paul Graham (2004)
1056%
1057I read a quote by Wittgenstein saying that he had no self-discipline and had never been able to deny himself anything, not even a cup of coffee. Now I know a number of people who do great work, and it's the same with all of them. They have little discipline. They're all terrible procrastinators and find it almost impossible to make themselves do anything they're not interested in. - Paul Graham (2005)
1058%
1059Great hackers also generally insist on using open source software. Not just because it's better, but because it gives them more control. Good hackers insist on control. This is part of what makes them good hackers: when something's broken, they need to fix it. - Paul Graham (2004) 
1060%
1061We now have several examples to prove that amateurs can surpass professionals, when they have the right kind of system to channel their efforts. Wikipedia may be the most famous. Experts have given Wikipedia middling reviews, but they miss the critical point: it's good enough. And it’s free, which means people actually read it. On the web, articles you have to pay for might as well not exist. Even if you were willing to pay to read them yourself, you can’t link to them. They're not part of the conversation. - Paul Graham (2005) 
1062%
1063Computer science is a grab bag of tenuously related areas thrown together by an accident of history, like Yugoslavia. At one end you have people who are really mathematicians, but call what they're doing computer science so they can get DARPA grants. In the middle you have people working on something like the natural history of computers - studying the behavior of algorithms for routing data through networks, for example. And then at the other extreme you have the hackers, who are trying to write interesting software, and for whom computers are just a medium of expression, as concrete is for architects or paint for painters. It's as if mathematicians, physicists, and architects all had to be in the same department. - Paul Graham (2003) 
1064%
1065The eccentric university professor is a species that is going extinct fast. - Peter Thiel (2014)
1066%
1067Most MBA's tend to be high extrovert/low conviction people - a combination that in my experience leads towards extremely herd-like thinking and behavior. - Peter Thiel (2014)
1068%
1069Most companies are killed by internal infighting, even though it may not seem like it. - Peter Thiel
1070%
1071He who does not have a past has no present or future. - Arabic proverb
1072%
1073Man's most prudent counselor is time. - Publilius Syrus (first century BCE)
1074%
1075There is nothing which the lapse of time will not either extinguish or improve. - Publilius Syrus (first century BCE)
1076%
1077Those who do not forget the past are masters of the future. - Sima Qian (second century BCE)
1078%
1079Hanson's Treatment of Time: There are never enough hours in a day, but always too many days before Saturday.
1080%
1081Of course hardened mariners would have thrashed up through the night without a tremor, hardened mariners would have battled in stinging spray and sodden clothes, hardened mariners would have reached a haven as dawn was breaking. What a terrible affliction, to be a hardened mariner! - W. I. B. Crealock, 'Vagabonding Under Sail' (1951)
1082%
1083Upon arriving in the capital-F Future, we discover it, invariably, to be the lowercase now. - William Gibson
1084%
1085Lean back under a tree, put your arms behind your head, wonder at the pass we've come to, smile and remember that the beginnings and ends of man's every great enterprise are untidy. - Sebastian de Grazia (1962)
1086%
1087Even a broken clock is right twice a day.
1088%
1089Archiving is the new folk art. - Rick Prelinger
1090%
1091Abrams' Principle: The shortest distance between two points is off the wall.
1092%
1093Cahn's Axiom: When all else fails, read the instructions.
1094%
1095Anthony's Law of Force: Don't force it; get a larger hammer.
1096%
1097Arnold's Law of Documentation: If it should exist, it doesn't. If it does exist, it's out of date. Only documentation for useless programs transcends the first two laws.
1098%
1099Atwood's Law: Any software that can be written in JavaScript will eventually be written in JavaScript. - Jeff Atwood
1100%
1101Erma Bombeck's Law: The other line always moves faster.
1102%
1103Boob's Law: You always find something in the last place you look.
1104%
1105Boren's Laws: When in charge, ponder. When in trouble, delegate. When in doubt, mumble.
1106%
1107Bradley's Bromide: If computers get too powerful, we can organize them into a committee - that will do them in.
1108%
1109CAP Theorem (Brewer's Theorem): it is impossible for a distributed computer system to simultaneously provide Consistency (all nodes see the same data at the same time), Availability (a guarantee that every request receives a response about whether it was successful or failed) and Partition tolerance (the system continues to operate despite arbitrary message loss or failure of part of the system) - Eric Brewer, Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing (PODC) (2000)
1110%
1111CAP Theorem (Brewer's Theorem) - Clarification 1: Because Partitions are rare, there is little reason to forfeit Consistency or Availability when the system is not partitioned. - Eric Brewer, IEEE Computer Society 'Computer' Magazine (2012)
1112%
1113CAP Theorem (Brewer's Theorem) - Clarification 2: The choice between Consistency and Availability can occur many times within the same system at very fine granularity; not only can subsystems make different choices, but the choice can change according to the operation or even the specific data or user involved. - Eric Brewer, IEEE Computer Society 'Computer' Magazine (2012)
1114%
1115CAP Theorem (Brewer's Theorem) - Clarification 3: All three properties (Consistency, Availability, Partition tolerance) are more continuous than binary. Availability is obviously continuous from 0 to 100 percent, but there are also many levels of Consistency, and even Partitions have nuances, including disagreement within the system about whether a Partition exists. - Eric Brewer, IEEE Computer Society 'Computer' Magazine (2012)
1116%
1117Adding manpower to a late software project makes it later. Nine women can't make a baby in one month. - Fred Brooks, 'The Mythical Man-Month' (1975)
1118%
1119What one programmer can do in one month, two programmers can do in two months. - Fred Brooks
1120%
1121Celine's first law: National Security is the chief cause of national insecurity.
1122%
1123Celine's second law: Communication is possible only in a non-punishing situation.
1124%
1125Celine's second law (restatement): Communication occurs only between equals.
1126%
1127Celine's third law: An honest politician is a national calamity.
1128%
1129Classen's Law: Usefulness = log(Technology) - Theo A. C. M. Claasen, CTO of Philips Semiconductors (1999)
1130%
1131Connell's Thesis: Software engineering will never be a rigorous discipline with proven results, because it involves human activity.
1132%
1133Conway's Law: Organizations which design systems are constrained to produce designs which are copies of the communication structures of these organizations. - Melvin Conway, 'National Symposium on Modular Programming', 1968
1134%
1135The organization of the software and the organization of the software team will be congruent. - Eric S. Raymond, paraphrasing Conway's Law in 'The New Hacker's Dictionary'
1136%
1137If the parts of an organization (e.g. teams, departments, or subdivisions) do not closely reflect the essential parts of the product, or if the relationship between organizations do not reflect the relationships between product parts, then the project will be in trouble... therefore: Make sure the organization is compatible with the product architecture. - James O. Coplien and Neil B. Harrison, paraphasing Conway's Law (2004)
1138%
1139Dredmorbius' Dialectic: Ultimately, the resources required to maintain a system prove insufficient.
1140%
1141Ducharm's Axiom: If you view your problem closely enough you will recognize yourself as part of the problem.
1142%
1143Dykstra's Observation: If debugging is the process of removing bugs, then programming must be the process of putting them in.
1144%
1145Entropy's Edict: Quality is achieved at global maximum. A lot of engineering methodology is focused finding a local maximum. - @entropy_ai
1146%
1147Farber's Rule: Necessity is the mother of strange bedfellows.
1148%
1149Farvour's Law of Debugging: There is always one more bug...
1150%
1151Finagle's First Law: If an experiment works, something has gone wrong.
1152%
1153Finagle's Second Law: No matter what the anticipated result, there will always be someone eager to (a) misinterpret it, (b) fake it, or (c) believe it happened according to his own pet theory.
1154%
1155Finagle's Third Law: In any collection of data, the figure most obviously correct, beyond all need of checking, is the mistake.
1156%
1157Finagle's Fourth Law: Once a job is fouled up, anything done to improve it only makes it worse.
1158%
1159Fresco's Discovery: If you knew what you were doing you'd probably be bored.
1160%
1161Geer's Law: Any security technology whose effectiveness can't be empirically determined is indistinguishable from blind luck.
1162%
1163Glib's Fourth Law of Unreliability: Investment in reliability will increase until it exceeds the probable cost of errors, or until someone insists on getting some useful work done.
1164%
1165Goodhart's Law (Popular formulation): When a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure.
1166%
1167Goodhart's Law (Original formulation): Any observed statistical regularity will tend to collapse once pressure is placed upon it for control purposes. - Charles Goodhart (1975)
1168%
1169Goodhart's Law (Danielsson's corollary): A risk model breaks down when used for regulatory purposes. (2002)
1170%
1171If you have a difficult task, give it to a lazy person - they will find an easier way to do it. - Walter Percy Chrysler (1875-1940), American industrialist
1172%
1173Hoare's Law of Large Problems: Inside every large problem is a small problem struggling to get out.
1174%
1175Howe's Law: Everyone has a scheme that will not work.
1176%
1177Hume's Problem of Induction: How can we ever be justified in generalizing from what we've seen to what we haven't?
1178%
1179Kinkler's First Law: Responsibility always exceeds authority.
1180%
1181Kinkler's Second Law: All the easy problems have been solved.
1182%
1183Lampson's Law: Get it right. Neither abstraction nor simplicity is a substitute for getting it right. In fact, abstraction can be a source of severe difficulties. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
1184%
1185Lampson's Law - Corollary of Speed: Make it fast, rather than general or powerful. If it's fast, the client can program the function it wants, and another client can program some other function. It is much better to have basic operations executed quickly than more powerful ones that are slower (of course, a fast, powerful operation is best, if you know how to get it). The trouble with slow, powerful operations is that the client who doesn’t want the power pays more for the basic function. Usually it turns out that the powerful operation is not the right one. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
1186%
1187Lampson's Law - Corollary of Power: Don't hide power. When a low level of abstraction allows something to be done quickly, higher levels should not bury this power inside something more general. The purpose of abstractions is to conceal undesirable properties; desirable ones should not be hidden. Sometimes, of course, an abstraction is multiplexing a resource, and this necessarily has some cost. But it should be possible to deliver all or nearly all of it to a single client with only slight loss of performance. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
1188%
1189Lampson's Law - Corollary of Arguments: Use procedure arguments to provide flexibility in an interface. They can be restricted or encoded in various ways if necessary for protection or portability. This technique can greatly simplify an interface, eliminating a jumble of parameters that amount to a small programming language. A simple example is an enumeration procedure that returns all the elements of a set satisfying some property. The cleanest interface allows the client to pass a filter procedure that tests for the property, rather than defining a special language of patterns or whatever. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
1190%
1191Lampson's Law - Corollary of the Client: Leave it to the client. As long as it is cheap to pass control back and forth, an interface can combine simplicity, flexibility and high performance by solving only one problem and leaving the rest to the client. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
1192%
1193Lazlo's Chinese Relativity Axiom: No matter how great your triumphs or how tragic your defeats - approximately one billion Chinese couldn't care less.
1194%
1195Maier's Law: If the facts do not conform to the theory, they must be disposed of.
1196%
1197Mann's Maxim: People who are bored think more creatively than those who aren't.
1198%
1199Meskimen's Law: There's never time to do it right, but there's always time to do it over.
1200%
1201Miller's Law: All discussions of incremental updates will eventually trend towards proposals for large scale redesigns, feature additions or replacements. - Mike Beltzner (after Dave Miller of Bugzilla)
1202%
1203Moravec's Paradox: Contrary to traditional assumptions, high-level reasoning requires very little computation, but low-level sensorimotor skills require enormous computational resources. - Hans Moravec, Rodney Brooks, Marvin Minsky et al. (1980s)
1204%
1205Morrison's Menace: Programmers with no money write better code.
1206%
1207Mosher's Law of Software Engineering: Don't worry if it doesn't work right. If everything did, you'd be out of a job.
1208%
1209Ogden's Law: The sooner you fall behind, the more time you have to catch up.
1210%
1211Carlson's Conundrum: The sooner you start to code, the longer the program will take.
1212%
1213Parkinson's Law: Work expands so as to fill the time available for its completion. - Cyril Northcote Parkinson, British civil servant, first published in 'The Economist' (1955)
1214%
1215Parkinson's Law - Stock-Sanford Corollary: If you wait until the last minute, it only takes a minute to do.
1216%
1217Parkinson's Law - Data Corollary: Data expands to fill the space available for storage.
1218%
1219Generalized form of Parkinson's Law: The demand upon a resource tends to expand to match the supply of the resource. The reverse is not true.
1220%
1221Principle of Comitology: Committees, government cabinets, and other such bodies are created and eventually grow irrelevant (or are initially designed as such). - Cyril Northcote Parkinson, British civil servant
1222%
1223Parkinson's Conjecture: Committees with a membership exceeding a number between 19.9 and 22.4 are ineffective. - Cyril Northcote Parkinson, British civil servant
1224%
1225Peter's Law of Substitution: Look after the molehills, and the mountains will look after themselves.
1226%
1227Planck's Principle of Increasing Effort: With every advance [in science] the difficulty of the task is increased.
1228%
1229Roman Rule: The one who says it cannot be done should never interrupt the one who is doing it.
1230%
1231Rostow's Reflection: Marginal productivity first rises and then declines in individual fields. - Walter Rostow (1980)
1232%
1233Shamir's First Law of Security: Absolutely secure systems do not exist.
1234%
1235Shamir's Second Law of Security: To halve your vulnerability, you have to double your expenditure.
1236%
1237Shamir's Third Law of Security: Cryptography is typically bypassed, not penetrated.
1238%
1239Stigler's Law of Eponymy: No scientific discovery is named after its original discoverer. - Stephen Sigler, statistician (but attributed to Robert K. Merton, sociologist)
1240%
1241Sturgeon's Law: ninety percent of everything is crap. - Theodore Sturgeon, an science fiction author
1242%
1243Tainter's Law of Social Complexity: Social structures generate negative returns when they become too complex.
1244%
1245Tainter's Law of Human Behavior: Many aspects of human behavior appear to be complexity averse.
1246%
1247Tainter's Law of Diminishing Returns: Diminishing returns make complexity less attractive and breed disaffection.
1248%
1249Tainter's Law of Problem Solving: As easier solutions are exhausted, problem solving moves inexorably to greater complexity, higher costs, and diminishing returns.
1250%
1251Tesler's Law of Conservation of Complexity: Every application has an inherent amount of irreducible complexity. The only question is who will have to deal with it - the user, the application developer, or the platform developer? - Larry Tesler (ca. 1984)
1252%
1253First Conundrum of the Universe: There's too much information. So we only notice changes, bizzareness, repetition, confirmation...
1254%
1255Second Conundrum of the Universe: There's not enough meaning. So we fill in gaps with patterns, generalities, benefit of doubt, easier problems, current mindset...
1256%
1257Third Conundrum of the Universe: There's not enough time and resources. So we assume we're right, we can do this, the nearest thing is best, we should finish what's started, we should keep our options open, easier is better...
1258%
1259Fourth Conundrum of the Universe: There's not enough memory. So we save space by editing memories down, generalizing, keeping an example, using external memory...
1260%
1261Wirth's Law: Software gets slower faster than hardware gets faster. - Niklaus Wirth (1995)
1262%
1263Hofstadter's Law: It always takes longer than you expect, even when you take into account Hofstadter's Law. - Douglas Hofstadter, 'Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid' (1979)
1264%
1265Zawinski's Law: Every program attempts to expand until it can read mail. Those programs which cannot so expand are replaced by ones which can.
1266%
1267Zymurgy's First Law of Evolving Systems Dynamics: Once you open a can of worms, the only way to recan them is to use a larger can.
1268%
1269I like developed arts of all kinds, and these require learning on the part of the beholder, not just bones tossed at puppies. - Alan Kay (2016)
1270%
1271Children need to learn how to use the 21st century, or there's a good chance they will lose the 21st century. - Alan Kay (2016)
1272%
1273Television is the last technology we should be allowed to invent without a Surgeon General's warning on it. - Alan Kay
1274%
1275It used to be the case that people were admonished to "not re-invent the wheel". We now live in an age that spends a lot of time "reinventing the flat tire!" The flat tires come from the reinventors often not being in the same league as the original inventors. This is a symptom of a "pop culture" where identity and participation are much more important than progress... - Alan Kay (2016)
1276%
1277In the US we are now embedded in a pop culture that has progressed far enough to seriously hurt places that hold "developed cultures". This pervasiveness makes it hard to see anything else, and certainly makes it difficult for those who care what others think to put much value on anything but pop culture norms. - Alan Kay (2016)
1278%
1279If you start with "desirable process" you can eventually work your way back to the power plug in the wall. If you start with something already plugged in, you might miss a lot of truly desirable processes. - Alan Kay (2016)
1280%
1281Better and Perfect are the enemies of What-Is-Actually-Needed: The big sin so many people commit in computing is not really paying attention to "What-Is-Actually-Needed"! And not going below that. People are tempted to choose an increment, and will say "at least it's a little better" - but if the threshold isn't actually reached, then it is the opposite of a little better, it's an illusion. - Alan Kay (2016)
1282%
1283I found getting halfway decent funding since 1980 to be quite a chore. - Alan Kay (2016)
1284%
1285What is going on now is partly a retreat from real literacy back to oral modes of communication and oral modes of thought (i.e. "texting" is really a transliteration of an oral utterance, not a literary form). This is a disaster. - Alan Kay (2016)
1286%
1287With a good programming language and interface, one - even children - can create from scratch important simulations of complex non-linear systems that can help one's thinking about them. - Alan Kay (2016)
1288%
1289What programming language design would help us think a lot better than we do now? (We are currently terrible!) - Alan Kay (2016)
1290%
1291You could 'hot-edit' Lisp (1.85 at BBN) in the 60s (and there were other such systems). Smalltalk at Parc in the 70s used many of these ideas, and went even further. Development environments should help programmers think (but what if most programmers don't want to think?) - Alan Kay (2016)
1292%
1293When the first Turing Award winner - Al Perlis - was asked in the 60s "What is Computer Science?", he said "It is the science of processes!". He meant all processes including those on computers, but also in Biology, society, etc. His idea was that computing formed a wonderful facility for making better models of pretty much everything, especially dynamic things (which everything actually is), and that it was also the kind of thing that could really be understood much better by using it to make models of itself. Today, we could still take this as a starting place for "getting 'Computer Science' back from where it was banished". - Alan Kay (2016)
1294%
1295All languages today annoy me - just put me down as a grump. They seem to be at a very weak level of discourse for the 21st century. (But a few are fun when looked at from the perspectives of the past e.g. Erlang ...) - Alan Kay (2016)
1296%
1297Are "the good goals of the past" good enough goals for today and tomorrow? - Alan Kay (2016)
1298%
1299Seymour Cray was a man of few words. I was there for three weeks before I realized he was not the janitor. - Alan Kay (2016)
1300%
1301We were lucky in the ARPA/PARC communities to have both great funding, and the time to think things through (and even make mistakes that were kept from propagating to create bad defacto standards). - Alan Kay (2016)
1302%
1303The question you are asking is really a societal one - and about operations that are like strip mining and waste dumping. "Hunters and gatherers" (our genetic heritage) find fertile valleys, strip them dry and move on (this only works on a very small scale). "Civilization" is partly about learning how to overcome our dangerous atavistic tendencies through education and planning. It's what we should be about generally (and the CS part of it is just a symptom of a much larger much more dire situation we are in). - Alan Kay (2016)
1304%
1305 One of several major mistakes with the web has to do with thinking that the browser is some kind of application "with features" - if you think of the actual scale of the Internet (and they didn't) you realize that at the very least, the browser, etc, has to be more like an operating system, and with as few features as possible: really to safely run encapsulated modules and deal out resources. It is crazy that after more than 20 years of the web that this CS101 principle still can't be done ... and it runs on machines that can do it.... - Alan Kay (2016)
1306%
1307"What Fools these Mortals be!" Puck meant that we are easy to fool. In fact we like to be fooled - we pay lots of money to be fooled! - Alan Kay (2016)
1308%
1309I do get depressed - how could one not? - the trick with depression is to not allow it to take you into in-action. - Alan Kay (2016)
1310%
1311What is "data" without an interpreter (and when we send "data" somewhere, how can we send it so its meaning is preserved?) - Alan Kay (2016)
1312%
1313There are lots of "old and fundamental" ideas that are not good anymore, if they ever were. - Alan Kay (2016)
1314%
1315"The objects of the future" have to be ambassadors that can negotiate with other objects they've never seen. Think about this as one of the consequences of massive scaling ... - Alan Kay (2016)
1316%
1317Advice to CS students: Learn a lot of other things, and at least one real science and one real engineering. This will help to calibrate the somewhat odd lore aka "computing knowledge". I would certainly urge a number of anthropology courses (and social psychology, etc), theater, and so forth. In the right school, I'd suggest "media theory" (of the "Mcluhan", "Innis", "Postman" kind ...) - Alan Kay (2016)
1318%
1319There's coming up with ideas: learn to dream while you are awake, the ideas are there. There's coming up with a good idea: learn how to not get buried in your ideas (most are mediocre down to bad even for people who have "good idea skills"!) I write down ideas in notebooks to get rid of them. Every once in a while one will capture a different point of view. And, there's the Princeton Tea joke of scientists comparing what they did for ideas. One says "I have them in the middle of the night so I have a pad by my bed". Another says "I have them in the shower so I have a grease pencil to write them on the walls". Einstein was listening and they asked him about his ideas. He said "I don't know, I've only had two!" (Some people are better at filtering than others ...) - Alan Kay (2016)
1320%
1321Most of my ideas come in "waking dreams" (this is a state that most children indulge in readily, but it can be retained in a more or less useful way - I don't think you quite get into adulthood by retaining it, so it's a tradeoff). Main thing about ideas is that, however they come, most of them are mediocre down to bad - so steps have to be taken to deal with this major problem. - Alan Kay (2016)
1322%
132310 years is too close - 30 years out will generally lose the pernicious connection to the present and "how do we get there?". The idea is to "go out there and bring the ideas back" rather than try to go from the present to the future. - Alan Kay (2016)
1324%
1325Our most unrealistic assumption was that when presented with really good ideas most people will most definitely learn and use them to make progress. In reality, only a tiny percentage can do this, and it is an enormous amount of work to deal with the norms. - Alan Kay (2016)
1326%
1327The problems with most arguments is that they arguers assume they are in a valid context (this is usually not the case, and this is the central problem of "being rational"). Another way to look at it is "Forget about trying to win an argument - use argumentation to try to understand the issues better and from more perspectives ..." - Alan Kay (2016)
1328%
1329A good heuristic for designing programming languages is to try to take the largest most complicated kinds of things you want to do, work them out, and then see if there is a "language lurking". Most people make the big mistake of lovingly making small neat examples that are easy to learn - these often don't scale at all well. E.g. "data" in the small "seems natural" but the whole idea scales terribly. And so forth for most of the favorite paradigms around today. - Alan Kay (2016)
1330%
1331Try to avoid "growing old"! A big problem with the general industry is the lack of subsidized "sabbatical years" - these are a good way to recharge and re-orient. Xerox, amazingly, used to have them for employees. But I haven't heard of any such thing recently. If you think about life as needing "renewables" then you shouldn't allow yourself to be "stripmined" (easier said than done). - Alan Kay (2016)
1332%
1333Learn everything and then find a way of forgetting it, so you can have your own ideas. What you forget is everything except the perfume, so you when you have an idea your nose will pick up the right scent and you will be able to make make use of all the stuff you've learned after you've had the idea. - Alan Kay (2017)
1334%
1335Clarke's First Law: When a distinguished but elderly scientist states that something is possible, he is almost certainly right. When he states that something is impossible, he is very probably wrong. - Arthur C. Clarke
1336%
1337Clarke's First Law - AI Corollary: Any sufficiently advanced benevolence may be indistinguishable from malevolence.
1338%
1339Grey's Law (corollary to Clarke's First Law): Any sufficiently advanced incompetence is indistinguishable from malice.
1340%
1341Poe's Law (crollary to Clarke's First Law): Any sufficiently advanced troll is indistinguishable from a genuine kook.
1342%
1343Clarke's Second Law: The only way of discovering the limits of the possible is to venture a little way past them into the impossible. - Arthur C. Clarke
1344%
1345Clarke's Third law: Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic. - Arthur C. Clarke
1346%
1347If I finish a book a week, I will read only a few thousand books in my lifetime, about a tenth of a percent of the contents of the greatest libraries of our time. The trick is to know which books to read. - Carl Sagan, 'Cosmos' (1980)
1348%
1349Kranzberg's 1st Law of Technology: Technology is neither good nor bad; nor is it neutral. - Melvin Kranzberg, 'Technology and Culture', Vol. 27, No. 3 (1986)
1350%
1351Kranzberg's 3rd Law of Technology: Technology comes in packages, big and small. - Melvin Kranzberg, 'Technology and Culture', Vol. 27, No. 3 (1986)
1352%
1353Kranzberg's 4th Law of Technology: Although technology might be a prime element in many public issues, nontechnical factors take precedence in technology-policy decisions. - Melvin Kranzberg, 'Technology and Culture', Vol. 27, No. 3 (1986)
1354%
1355Kranzberg's 5th Law of Technology: All history is relevant, but the history of technology is the most relevant. - Melvin Kranzberg, 'Technology and Culture', Vol. 27, No. 3 (1986)
1356%
1357Kranzberg's 6th Law of Technology: Technology is a very human activity - and so is the history of technology. - Melvin Kranzberg, 'Technology and Culture', Vol. 27, No. 3 (1986)
1358%
1359Niven's First Law: Never fire a laser at a mirror. - Larry Niven, science fiction author
1360%
1361Niven's Second Law: Giving up freedom for security is beginning to look naïve. - Larry Niven, science fiction author
1362%
1363Niven's Third Law: It is easier to destroy than to create. - Larry Niven, science fiction author
1364%
1365Niven's Fourth Law: Ethics change with technology. - Larry Niven, science fiction author
1366%
1367Niven's Fifth Law: The only universal message in science fiction: There exist minds that think as well as you do, but differently. - Larry Niven, science fiction author
1368%
1369Niven's Law of Time Travel: If the universe of discourse permits the possibility of time travel and of changing the past, then no time machine will be invented in that universe.
1370%
1371Niven's First Law of Writing: Writers who write for other writers should write letters. - Larry Niven, science fiction author (1989)
1372%
1373Niven's Second Law of Writing: Never be embarrassed or ashamed about anything you choose to write. (Think of this before you send it to a market.) - Larry Niven, science fiction author (1989)
1374%
1375Niven's Third Law of Writing: Stories to end all stories on a given topic, don't. - Larry Niven, science fiction author (1989)
1376%
1377Niven's Fourth Law of Writing: It is a sin to waste the reader's time. - Larry Niven, science fiction author (1989)
1378%
1379Niven's Fifth Law of Writing: If you've nothing to say, say it any way you like. Stylistic innovations, contorted story lines or none, exotic or genderless pronouns, internal inconsistencies, the recipe for preparing your lover as a cannibal banquet: feel free. If what you have to say is important and/or difficult to follow, use the simplest language possible. If the reader doesn't get it then, let it not be your fault. - Larry Niven, science fiction author (1989)
1380%
1381Niven's Sixth Law of Writing: Everybody talks first draft. - Larry Niven, science fiction author (1989)
1382%
1383With software, either the users control the program, or the program controls the users. - Richard Stallman
1384%
1385Americans have shown that they are politically naïve. If you look at how successful plutocratic candidates are in the U.S. - you can get Americans to vote to give their money to the rich. You have to just say certain predictable, silly things to them, and most of them will be fooled. - Richard Stallman
1386%
1387Even though it’s sad to see people being foolish, there's no use giving up. Nothing good can come of giving up. That just means you lose completely, right away. - Richard Stallman
1388%
138990:90 Rule (Rule of Credibility): The first 90 percent of the code accounts for the first 90 percent of the development time. The remaining 10 percent of the code accounts for the other 90 percent of the development time. - Tom Cargill, Bell Labs
1390%
139180:20 Rule (Pareto Principle): 80% of the state of the system derives from 20% of the causes. - Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto (1906)
1392%
139380:20 Rule (Pareto Principle) - Bug Fixing Corollary: Fixing 20% of the bugs resolves 80% of the issues. - Microsoft
1394%
1395Law of the Vital Few: 20% of people do 80% of the work. - Anonymous
1396%
139720 percent of the code has 80 percent of the errors. Find them, fix them! - Lowell Arthur
1398%
1399Law of Probability Dispersal: Whatever it is that hits the fan will not be evenly distributed.
1400%
1401Bystander Effect: a social psychological phenomenon in which individuals do not offer any means of help to a victim when other people are present, and the probability of help is inversely related to the number of bystanders. In other words, the greater the number of bystanders, the less likely it is that any one of them will help. - Wikipedia
1402%
1403Less than 10 percent of the code has to do with the ostensible purpose of the system; the rest deals with input-output, data validation, data structure maintenance, and other hosuekeeping. - Mary Shaw, Carnegie-Mellon University
1404%
1405A rolling stone gathers no moss. - Condensed form of Publilius Syrus' (first century BCE) observation that people who are always moving, with no roots in one place, avoid responsibilities and cares. Another interpretation equates 'moss' to 'stagnation'; stagnant people lack fresh ideas and creativity.
1406%
1407Precautionary Principle: If an action or policy has a suspected risk, in the absence of consensus, the burden of proof that it is not harmful falls upon those taking the action.
1408%
1409Peter Principle: People will tend to be promoted until they reach their 'position of incompetence'. - After Laurence J. Peter, Raymond Hull's co-author of 'The Peter Princple: Why Things Always Go Wrong' (1975)
1410%
1411No battle was ever won according to plan, but no battle was ever won without one. - Dwight D. Eisenhower
1412%
1413Don't keep doing what doesn't work.
1414%
1415Good judgement comes from experience, and experience comes from bad judgement. - Fred Books, University of North Carolina
1416%
1417I think I've had milk last longer than some JavaScript frameworks. - @iamdevloper (2014)
1418%
1419Technological progress was much faster than political progress. - Joseph Henry Condon, Bell Labs
1420%
1421Those change-over things are really severe. Really severe problems. - Joseph Henry Condon, Bell Labs
1422%
1423Perhaps we have overrated roots as a psychic need. Maybe the greater urge, the deeper and more ancient is the need, the will, the hunger to be somewhere else. - John Steinbeck
1424%
1425Wisdom is the accumulation of knowledge and experience, living long enough to reflect on it, make sense of it, and apply it to oneself and others. - Abraham Maslow
1426%
1427A third of people are really enthusiastic, a third have big eyes, and the other third think we are crazy. That's how it goes with innovations. - Carel De Vries
1428%
1429We somehow have to start trying to act as if there is going to be a future. - Brian Eno
1430%
1431Technology does not drive change. It is our collective response to the options and opportunities presented by technology that drives change. - Paul Saffo, Stanford Professor
1432%
1433This 'telephone' has too many shortcomings to be seriously considered as a practical form of communication. The device is inherently of no value to us. What use could this company make of an electrical toy? - Western Union (1878)
1434%
1435I see how it works. It rings, and you have to get up. - Degas, on the telephone
1436%
1437Radio has no future. - Lord Kelvin, British mathematician and physicist (~1897)
1438%
1439Heavier-than-air flying machines are impossible. - Lord Kelvin, British mathematician and physicist (~1895)
1440%
1441What can be more palpably absurd than the prospect held out of locomotives traveling twice as fast as stagecoaches? - The Quarterly Review, England (March 1825)
1442%
1443There is not the slightest indication that [nuclear energy] will ever be obtainable. It would mean that the atom would have to be shattered at will. - Albert Einstein (1932)
1444%
1445Airplanes are interesting toys but of no military value. - Marshal Ferdinand Foch, French military strategist (1911)
1446%
1447Space travel is utter bilge. - Dr. Richard van der Reit Wooley, Astronomer Royal, space advisor to the British government, 1956. (Sputnik orbited the earth the following year.)
1448%
1449If the world should blow itself up, the last audible voice would be that of an expert saying it can't be done. - Peter Ustinov
1450%
1451It is difficult to say what is impossible, for the dream of yesterday is the hope of today and the reality of tomorrow. - Robert Goddard (1882-1945)
1452%
1453As I like to say to my American hedge fund friends, the Hamptons is not a defensible position. - Mark Blyth (professor of Political Economy at Brown University), on the rise in popular rejection of traditional politics (2016)
1454%
1455Chaos is order yet undeciphered. - 'The Double', José Saramago (2002)
1456%
1457The isms go, the ist dies, art remains. - Vladimir Nabokov
1458%
1459Man the food-gatherer reappears incongruously as information-gatherer. In this role, electronic man is no less a nomad than his Paleolithic ancestors. - Marshall McLuhan (1967)
1460%
1461It is hard to picture the world before Shannon as it seemed to those who lived in it. It is difficult to recover innocence, ignorance, and lack of understanding. - John Robinson Pierce, on the world before Claude Shannon and the information age
1462%
1463The invention of printing, though ingenious, compared with the invention of letters is no great matter. - Thomas Hobbes, resisting new media hype in the 17th century
1464%
1465Each new technology turns its predecessor into an art form. - Marshall McLuhan
1466%
1467With the PC, I could see that computers were fun, and that is the real reason why all innovations come into widespread use. - Leo Beranek, President of BBN, acoustics designer and internet pioneer
1468%
1469The most amazing achievement of the computer software industry is its continuing cancellation of the steady and staggering gains made by the computer hardware industry. - Henry Petroski
1470%
1471In 1299, zero was banned in Florence [...] Incredibly it wasn't until the 15th Century that zero, along with all the other Arabic numbers, was finally accepted. Just to put it in context, by then Oxford University in England had been around for centuries and the printing press was just up and running. - Hannah Fry, BBC future
1472%
1473I am less concerned with Terminator scenarios. If current trends continue, people are going to rise up well before the machines do. - Andrew McAfee, MIT economist on AI (2017)
1474%
1475To make error is human. To propagate error to all server in automatic way is #devops. - @devopsborat
1476%
1477In #devops is turtle all way down but at bottom is perl script. - @devopsborat
1478%
1479There are two kinds of idiots: the idiot who says "this is new, so it must be better" and the idiot who says "this is old, so it must be better". I try not to be either kind. - @dsr_
1480%
1481The last 20 years of Internet policy have been dominated by the copyright war, but the war turns out only to have been a skirmish. The coming century will be dominated by war against the general purpose computer, and the stakes are the freedom, fortune and privacy of the entire human race. - Cory Doctorow, at 28C3 (2011)
1482%
1483Keep basic interfaces stable. Since an interface embodies assumptions that are shared by more than one part of a system, and sometimes by a great many parts, it is very desirable not to change the interface. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
1484%
1485Keep a place to stand if you do have to change interfaces. One is the compatibility package, which implements an old interface on top of a new system. This allows programs that depend on the old interface to continue working. Many new operating systems have kept old software usable by simulating the supervisor calls of an old system. Usually these simulators need only a small amount of effort compared to the cost of reimplementing the old software, and it is not hard to get acceptable performance. At a different level, the IBM 360/370 systems provided emulation of the instruction sets of older machines like the 1401 and 7090. Taken a little further, this leads to virtual machines, which simulate (several copies of) a machine on the machine itself. - Butler W. Lampson (1983)
1486%
1487Rather bear those ills we have; Than fly to others that we know not of. - William Shakespeare, 'Hamlet', Polonius' advice to Laertes (~1600)
1488%
1489The California Roll Rule: People don't want something truly new, they want the familiar done differently.
1490%
1491The best way to predict the future is to invent it.
1492%
1493The real job of upper management in the 20th and 21st century is to learn things, because change is the constant thing that's going on. - Alan Kay (2017)
1494%
1495The future aint what it used to be. - Yogi Berra
1496%
1497Features common to the telegraph networks of the 19th century and the internet of today: hype, scepticism, hackers, on-line romances and weddings, chat-rooms, flame wars, information overload, predictions of imminent world peace, and so on. - Tom Standage, author of 'The Victorian Internet'
1498%
1499The telegraph in its day was much more revolutionary than the Internet is in our day. - Jimmy Wales, founder of Wikipedia
1500%
1501Whatever's going on right now is just crap, by definition [...] it's gotten mundane, and part of it is just the bell curve of normality in humans. Whatever it is, it gets converted to something like normal. - Alan Kay (2017)
1502%
1503Living in the present: man, you're just out of it. - Alan Kay (2017)
1504%
1505Most people want to stay 'asleep' in The Swamp of Familiarity. - @da02
1506%
1507"The internet is broken. It has been for a while" are the first words of the article you cannot read because of Javascriptosis. Quite ironic. - @astrobe_ on 'The Blockstack Browser: A Gateway to a New, Decentralized Internet' (2017)
1508%
1509You never change things by fighting the existing reality. To change something, build a new model that makes the existing model obsolete. - Buckminster Fuller
1510%
1511Replaceability is just system-level maintainability. - @andrewstuart2
1512%
1513I'm optimistic about people. I'm just pessimistic about human systems. They don't seem particularly good at taking care of business long-term. - James Cameron, director of 'Terminator', 2017
1514%
1515By giving networks like Google and Facebook control of the present, we cede our freedom to choose our future. - Jonathan Taplin (2017)
1516%
1517Our success in being human has so far derived from our honoring deviance more than tradition. - John B. Calhoun
1518%
1519I've seen Oracle implementations literally cause production employees of 20+ years walk off the job. - @froindt
1520%
1521It's not true that there's nothing new under the sun. There are some domains where there's almost nothing new. But there's a big difference between nothing and almost nothing, when it's multiplied by the area under the sun. - Paul Graham (2017)
1522%
1523Unless you are very rich and very eccentric, you will not enjoy the luxury of having a computer in your own home. - Ed Yourdon, 'Techniques of Program Structure and Design', 1975
1524%
1525You never step in to the same river twice. - Heraclitus
1526%
1527Some may say that seeking a universal learner is the epitome of techno-hubris. But dreaming is not hubris. Maybe the Master Algorithm will take its place among the great chimeras, alongside the philosopher's stone and the perpetual motion machine. Or perhaps it will be more like finding the longitude at sea, given up as too difficult until a lone genius solved it. More likely, it will be the work of generations, raised stone by stone like a cathedral. The only way to find out is to get up early one day and set out on the journey. - Pedro Domingos, 'The Master Algorithm' (2015)
1528%
1529Jevons Paradox: As technology progresses, the increase in efficiency with which a resource is used tends to increase (rather than decrease) the rate of consumption of that resource.
1530%
1531The First Rule of Program Optimization: Don't do it. - Michael Jackson
1532%
1533The Second Rule of Program Optimization (for experts only): Don't do it yet. - Michael Jackson
1534%
1535The fastest algorithm can frequently be replaced by one that is almost as fast and much easier to understand. - Douglas W. Jones
1536%
1537In non I/O-bound programs, a few percent of the source code typically accounts for over half the run time. - Don Knuth
1538%
1539Before optimizing, using a profiler. - Mike Morton
1540%
1541To speed up an I/O-bound program, begin by accounting for all I/O. Eliminate that which is unnecessary or redundant, and make the remaining as fast as possible. - David Martin
1542%
1543The fastest I/O is no I/O. - Nils-Peter Nelson
1544%
1545The cheapest, fastest and most reliable components of a system are those that aren't there. - Gordon Bell
1546%
1547Whenever possible, steal code. - Tom Duff, Bell Labs
1548%
1549Translating a working program to a new language or system takes 10 percent of the original development time or manpower or cost. - Douglas W. Jones, University of Iowa
1550%
1551Don't use the computer to do things that can be done efficiently by hand. - Richard Hill, Hewlett-Packard
1552%
1553Don't use hands to do things that can be done efficiently by the computer. - Tom Duff, Bell Labs
1554%
1555I'd rather write programs to write programs than write programs. - Dick Sites, Digital Equipment Corporation
1556%
1557Brooks' Law of Prototypes: Plan to throw one away, you will anyhow. - Fred Brooks, University of North Carolina
1558%
1559Brooks' Law of Prototypes (Zerouni's Carollary): If you plan to throw one away, you will throw away two. - Craig Zerouni
1560%
1561Prototyping cuts the work to produce a system by 40 percent. - Larry Bernstein, Bell Communications Research
1562%
1563Furious activity is no substitute for understanding. - H. H. Williams
1564%
1565Make it work first before you make it work fast. - Bruce Whiteside
1566%
1567Make it right before you make it faster. - Jon Bentley
1568%
1569Omit needless words. - Strunk and White, 'The Elements of Style' (1919)
1570%
1571Spell create with an 'e'. - Ken Thompson (referring to design regrets on the UNIX creat(2) system call and the fallacy of premature optimization)
1572%
1573Keep it simple to make it faster. - Kernighan and Plauger, 'Elements of Programming Style'
1574%
1575Do not take shortcuts at the cost of clarity.
1576%
1577Thomas Edison was already famous for his telegraph technology and his huge hit with the record player. He had made a public show of turning the full focus of his massive laboratory to the question of electric light. A couple of years into the effort a reporter was visiting his lab and asked how close Edison was to coming up with a viable light bulb. Edison replied "We are on bulb number 732!"
1578%
1579The No Free Lunch theorem: Any two optimization algorithms are equivalent when their performance is averaged across all possible problems (if an algorithm performs well on a certain class of problems then it necessarily pays for that with degraded performance on the set of all remaining problems).
1580%
1581It brings everything to a certainty, which before floated in the mind indefinitely. - Samuel Johnson, on counting
1582%
1583Great artists ship. - Steve Jobs
1584%
1585One cannot make an omelette without breaking eggs, but it is amazing how many eggs one can break without making a decent omelette. - Charles P. Issawi
1586%
1587It is easy to optimize a correct system, but hard to correct an optimized system.
1588%
1589Any sufficiently complex system acts as a black box when it becomes easier to experiment with than to understand. Hence, black-box optimization has become increasingly important as systems become more complex. - Google Vizier: a service for black-box optimization Golovin et al., KDD'17
1590%
1591Access to computers - and anything which might teach you something about the way the world works - should be unlimited and total. Always yield to the Hands-On Imperative! - Steven Levy, Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution (1984)
1592%
1593All information should be free. - Steven Levy, Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution (1984)
1594%
1595Mistrust authority - promote decentralization. - Steven Levy, Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution (1984)
1596%
1597Hackers should be judged by their hacking, not criteria such as degrees, age, race, sex, or position. - Steven Levy, Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution (1984)
1598%
1599You can create art and beauty on a computer. - Steven Levy, Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution (1984)
1600%
1601Computers can change your life for the better. - Steven Levy, Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution (1984)
1602%
1603Pike's 1st Rule: You can't tell where a program is going to spend its time. Bottlenecks occur in surprising places, so don't try to second guess and put in a speed hack until you've proven that's where the bottleneck is. - Rob Pike, Notes on C Programming (1989)
1604%
1605Pike's 2nd Rule: Measure. Don't tune for speed until you've measured, and even then don't unless one part of the code overwhelms the rest. - Rob Pike, Notes on C Programming (1989)
1606%
1607Pike's 3rd Rule: Fancy algorithms are slow when n is small, and n is usually small. Fancy algorithms have big constants. Until you know that n is frequently going to be big, don't get fancy. - Rob Pike, Notes on C Programming (1989)
1608%
1609Pike's 4th Rule: Fancy algorithms are buggier than simple ones, and they're much harder to implement. Use simple algorithms as well as simple data structures. - Rob Pike, Notes on C Programming (1989)
1610%
1611Pike's 5th Rule: Data dominates. If you've chosen the right data structures and organized things well, the algorithms will almost always be self-evident. Data structures, not algorithms, are central to programming. - Rob Pike, Notes on C Programming (1989)
1612%
1613In general, we're least aware of what our minds do best. - Marvin Minsky, MIT AI lab co-founder
1614%
1615We're more aware of simple processes that don't work well than of complex ones that work flawlessly. - Marvin Minsky, MIT AI lab co-founder
1616%
1617School is the best thing ever invented to keep you from thinking about something important for more than a few minutes. - Marvin Minsky
1618%
1619The libertinistic rake is anti-authoritarian, anti-normative, and anti-traditional. - Wikipedia on 17th century 'Rake (character)'
1620%
1621Knowledge will forever govern ignorance, and a people who mean to be their own governors must arm themselves with the power knowledge gives. A popular government without popular information or the means of acquiring it is but a prologue to a farce or a tragedy... or perhaps both. - U.S. Founding Father James Madison
1622%
1623There was a romantic tradition, in this country at least, of the drifter Typesetters, who were good enough at the craft to find work wherever they traveled. They'd work in one town until they wanted a change and then drift on. They had a reputation for being well read, occasionally hard drinking, strong union men who enjoyed an independence particularly rare in the 19th century. - Clark E. Coffee (founder of Graphion, a phototypesetting company in SF)
1624%
1625We are at the end of a five-thousand-year-plus historical process during which human society grew in scale while it abandoned the early indigenous wisdom councils and communal decision-making. Power was centralised in the hands of increasingly specialised 'elites' and 'experts' who not only failed to achieve all they promised but used secrecy and the control of information to deceive the public into allowing them to retain power over community resources that they ultimately looted. - Robert David Steele, 'The Open-source Everything Manifesto'
1626%
1627The preconditions of revolution exist in the UK, and most western countries. The number of active pre-conditions is quite stunning, from elite isolation to concentrated wealth to inadequate socialisation and education, to concentrated land holdings to loss of authority to repression of new technologies especially in relation to energy, to the atrophy of the public sector and spread of corruption, to media dishonesty, to mass unemployment of young men and on and on and on. [...] Preconditions are not the same as precipitants. We are waiting for our Tunisian fruit seller. The public will endure great repression, especially when most media outlets and schools are actively aiding the repressive meme of 'you are helpless, this is the order of things.' When we have a scandal so powerful that it cannot be ignored by the average Briton or American, we will have a revolution that overturns the corrupt political systems in both countries, and perhaps puts many banks out of business. Vaclav Havel calls this 'The Power of the Powerless.' One spark, one massive fire. - Robert David Steele, The Guardian, 2014-06-19
1628%
1629The west has pursued an industrialisation path that allows for the privatisation of wealth from the commons, along with the criminalisation of commons rights of the public, as well as the externalisation of all true costs. Never mind that fracking produces earthquakes and poisons aquifers – corrupt politicians at local, state or province, and national levels are all too happy to take money for looking the other way. Our entire commercial, diplomatic, and informational systems are now cancerous. - Robert David Steele, The Guardian, 2014-06-19
1630%
1631When trade treaties have secret sections - or are entirely secret - one can be certain the public is being screwed and the secrecy is an attempt to avoid accountability. Secrecy enables corruption. So also does an inattentive public enable corruption. - Robert David Steele, The Guardian, 2014-06-19
1632%
1633Predatory capitalism is based on the privatisation of profit and the externalisation of cost. It is an extension of the fencing of the commons, of enclosures, along with the criminalisation of prior common customs and rights. What we need is a system that fully accounts for all costs. Whether we call that capitalism or not is irrelevant to me. But doing so would fundamentally transform the dynamic of present day capitalism, by making capital open source. - Robert David Steele, The Guardian, 2014-06-19
1634%
1635We have over 5 billion human brains that are the one infinite resource available to us going forward. Crowd-sourcing and cognitive surplus are two terms of art for the changing power dynamic between those at the top that are ignorant and corrupt, and those across the bottom that are attentive and ethical. The open source ecology is made up of a wide range of opens – open farm technology, open source software, open hardware, open networks, open money, open small business technology, open patents – to name just a few. The key point is that they must all develop together, otherwise the existing system will isolate them into ineffectiveness. - Robert David Steele, The Guardian, 2014-06-19
1636%
1637I'm not surprised. Open source everything pretty much undermines everything the national security state stands for. - Nafeez Ahmed, The Guardian, 2014-06-19, on ex-Marine, ex-CIA, Open Source Inteligence expert Robert David Steele's unanswered 2014-05-01 letter to US Vice President Joe Bidden urging the establishment of an Open Source Agency to cut costs and increase accountability.
1638%
1639The national security state is an expensive, ineffective monstrosity that is simply not fit for purpose. In that sense, the national security state is it's own worst enemy – it's bound to fail. - Robert David Steele, The Guardian, 2014-06-19, summarizing his book 'On Intelligence: Spies and Secrecy in an Open World', with a foreword by Senator David Boren, immediate past chairman of the Senate Select Committee for Intelligence
1640%
1641The National Security Agency (NSA) has not prevented any terrorist incidents. CIA cannot even get the population of Syria correct and provides no intelligence - decision-support - to most cabinet secretaries, assistant secretaries, and department heads. Indeed General Tony Zinni, when he was commander in chief of the US Central Command as it was at war, is on record as saying that he received, "at best," a meagre 4% of what he needed to know from secret sources and methods. - Robert David Steele, The Guardian, 2014-06-19
1642%
1643The 1% are simply not as powerful as they, and we, assume them to be. - Robert David Steele, The Guardian, 2014-06-19, as paraphrased by Nafeez Ahmed.
1644%
1645Open source everything is about the five billion poor coming together to reclaim their collective wealth and mobilise it to transform their lives. There is zero chance of the revolution being put down. Public agency is emergent, and the ability of the public to literally put any bank or corporation out of business overnight is looming. To paraphrase Abe Lincoln, you cannot screw all of the people all of the time. We're there. All we lack is a major precipitant – our Tunisian fruit seller. When it happens the revolution will be deep and lasting. - Robert David Steele, ex-Marine, ex-CIA, Open Source Intelligence Expert in The Guardian, 2014-06-19
1646%
1647Top down power has failed in a most spectacular manner, and bottom-up consensus power is emergent. "Not in my neighborhood" is beginning to trump "Because I say so." - Robert David Steele, The Guardian, 2014-06-19
1648%
1649The one unlimited resource we have on the planet is the human brain – the current strategy of 1% capitalism is failing because it is killing the Golden Goose at multiple levels. Unfortunately, the gap between those with money and power and those who actually know what they are talking about has grown catastrophic. The rich are surrounded by sycophants and pretenders whose continued employment demands that they not question the premises. As Larry Summers lectured Elizabeth Warren, 'insiders do not criticise insiders.' - Robert David Steele, The Guardian, 2014-06-19
1650%
1651The national security state works for the City of London and Wall Street – both are about to be toppled by a combination of Eastern alternative banking and alternative international development capabilities, and individuals who recognise that they have the power to pull their money out of the banks and not buy the consumer goods that subsidise corruption and the concentration of wealth. The opportunity to take back the commons for the benefit of humanity as a whole is open – here and now. - Robert David Steele, ex-Marine, ex-CIA, Open Source Intelligence Expert in The Guardian, 2014-06-19
1652%
1653My motto, a play on the CIA motto that is disgraced every day, is 'the truth at any cost lowers all other costs'. - Robert David Steele, ex-Marine, ex-CIA, Open Source Intelligence Expert in The Guardian, 2014-06-19
1654%
1655Others wiser than I have pointed out that nature bats last. We are at the end of an era in which lies can be used to steal from the public and the commons. We are at the beginning of an era in which truth in public service can restore us all to a state of grace. - Robert David Steele, ex-Marine, ex-CIA, Open Source Intelligence Expert in The Guardian, 2014-06-19
1656%
1657Security can only be attained through pure transparency not secrecy. Intelligence can only be maximally effective if it is open and collective. - Robert David Steele, 'The Open-source Everything Manifesto'
1658%
1659Human beings, who had spent centuries evolving away from slavery, were re-commoditized by the Industrial Era. - Robert David Steele, 'The Open-source Everything Manifesto'
1660%
1661Secular corruption is made possible by information asymmetries between those in power and the public. In the absence of transparency, truth, and trust, wealth is concentrated and waste is rampant. - Robert David Steele, 'The Open-source Everything Manifesto'
1662%
1663We live in a constellation of complex systems. It is impossible for any single person or even any single organization or nation in isolation to understand complex systems. - Robert David Steele, 'The Open-source Everything Manifesto'
1664%
1665We harness the intelligence at the edge of the network - at the point of impact - and the individual who is face to face with a problem in a microcosm is the tip of the human spear, able both to reach back to all other humans for assistance, and to act on behalf of all humans in the moment. - Robert David Steele, 'The Open-source Everything Manifesto'
1666%
1667Sustainability can only be achieved through mass collaboration and the achievement of panarchy - a constellation of co-equal hybrid systems of self-governance in which all individuals freely choose where they wish to be heard, and have full access to all relevant information. - Robert David Steele, 'The Open-source Everything Manifesto'
1668%
1669The goal is to reject money and concentrated, illicitly aggregated and largely phantom wealth in favor of community wealth defined by community knowledge, community sharing of information, and community definition of truth derived in transparency and authenticity, the latter being the ultimate arbiter of shared wealth. - Robert David Steele, 'The Open-source Everything Manifesto'
1670%
1671It is our obligation to speak of what we know as we know it, not dissembling or deceiving. This could be considered the 'moral truth', and ultimately it is what can be validated by others so that a consensus can be arrived at and shared. - Robert David Steele, 'The Open-source Everything Manifesto'
1672%
1673Truth does change, both in the mind of man and in the larger reality where man resides. On the one hand, advancing knowledge and paradigm shifts can render old truths sadly insufficient, while bringing forward new, more robust truths. At the same time, actions taken by man while operating under old truths (for example, assuming that the Corps of Engineers can pave over the Mississippi wetlands and levee the largest river in the continental U.S. without having a Katrina-like consequence) create new truths - severe weather events that are not an Act of God but rather an Act of Man acting very badly over time and space. - Robert David Steele, 'The Open-source Everything Manifesto'
1674%
1675E Veritate Potens: From Truth, We (the People) Are Made Powerful - Winston Maike, Australian philosopher and researcher, as quoted by Robert David Steele, 'The Open-source Everything Manifesto'
1676%
1677Wealth creates a leisure class that 'buys' knowledge and defines irrational authority, thus destroying the ethical basis of civilization. Durant discussed how a civilization may be characterized by its conception of virtue, which led me to some fruitful exploration of how the United States is a culture that has equated wealth with virtue, leading to a political culture that can be bought because it is based on rule by secrecy, using secrecy to avoid accountability. Today, having abdicated concepts of the good, the beautiful, and the true for a model of primitive accumulation and a materialist set of values, we find that our financial system is what journalist Matt Taibbi called 'Griftopia'. The financial interests of Wall Street leverage the two-party system as a theatrical sideshow that legitimizes and legalizes massive fraud against the public interest. This is the primary reason why secrecy is necessary for those in power. - Robert David Steele, 'The Open-source Everything Manifesto'
1678%
1679Our secret intelligence culture and process is antithetical to democracy, and enabling of plutocracy, neo-fascism, and the total corruption of our government. - Robert David Steele, ex-Marine, ex-CIA, Open Source Intelligence Expert, 'The Open-source Everything Manifesto'
1680%
1681Durant draws out the importance of not having a standard government-defined education, and of making education fun, exploratory, diverse, and open-ended. I cannot help but recall here how my hacker friends consider schools to be prisons. - Robert David Steele, ex-Marine, ex-CIA, Open Source Intelligence Expert, 'The Open-source Everything Manifesto'
1682%
1683The Autonomous Internet can be the liberation technology, not only empowering the poor but leveraging the cognitive surplus of the entire human species. - Robert David Steele, ex-Marine, ex-CIA, Open Source Intelligence Expert, 'The Open-source Everything Manifesto'
1684%
1685I was learning to extend myself, to make imprints of my inner life onto the outer reality of the page. Words had created visual fields for me—allowing endless possibilities for expressing meaning. - Pakistani-American poet Shadab Zeest Hashmi, on his development of calligraphic capacity.
1686%
1687The relation of language to painting is an infinite relation. - 'Les Mots et les choses: Une archéologie des sciences humaines', Michel Foucault (1966)
1688%
1689The artist is not the transcriber of the world, he is its rival. - L'Intemporel (Third volume of 'The Metamorphosis of the Gods'), André Malraux (1957)
1690%
1691Digression is secular revelation. - Adam Phillips, psychoanalyst and author
1692%
1693A man who lies to himself, and believes his own lies, becomes unable to recognize truth, either in himself or in anyone else. - Fyodor Dostoevsky
1694%
1695Once you've got some words looking back at you, you can take two or three — or throw them away and look for others. - Bernard Malamud
1696%
1697Writing is nature's way of letting you know how sloppy your thinking is. - Guindon
1698%
1699The role of the artist is to ask questions, not answer them. - Anton Checkov
1700%
1701If you can't write it down in English, you can't code it. - Peter Halpern
1702%
1703If the code and the comments disagree, then both are probably wrong. - Norm Schryer
1704%
1705A procedure should fit on a page. - David Tribble
1706%
1707The Test of Negation: Don't include a sentence in documentation if its negation is obviously false. - Bob Martin, AT&T
1708%
1709When explaining a command, or language feature, or hardware widget, first describe the problem it is designed to solve. - David Martin
1710%
1711Write with the door closed, rewrite with the door open. - 'Steven King on pair programming', Peter Hilton
1712%
1713I find the bigger the monitor, the better the concentration. - 'Anne Rice on development hardware', Peter Hilton
1714%
1715When writing a novel a writer should create living people; people not characters. A character is a charicature. - 'Ernest Hemingway on user personas', Peter Hilton
1716%
1717There are three rules for writing the novel. Unfortunately, nobody knows what they are. - 'W. Somerset Maugham on enterprise architecture', Peter Hilton
1718%
1719When people tell you something's wrong or doesn't work for them they are almost always right. When they tell you exactly what they think is wrong and how to fix it, they are almost always wrong. - 'Neil Gaiman on review feedback', Peter Hilton
1720%
1721The main rule of writing is that if you do it with enough assurance and confidence, you're allowed to do whatever you like. - 'Neil Gaiman on open source', Peter Hilton
1722%
1723When I use a word, it means just what I choose it to mean - neither more nor less. - Humpty Dumpty ("in a rather scornful tone"), 'Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There' (1871), Lewis Carroll
1724%
1725A rose by any other name will end up as a cabbage. - Sam Gardiner
1726%
1727Summary of advice from writers: Advice from writers is useful, and not only about naming. Writers have been at it for centuries; programming is merely decades old. Also, their advice is better written. And funnier. - Peter Hilton
1728%
1729A language is a dialect with an army and a navy. - Max Weinreich
1730%
1731That's what storytellers are... thieves and liars. - 'Tamaya Drewe' (2010)
1732%
1733Words build bridges in to unexplored regions. - Adolf Hitler
1734%
1735Impossible is a word to be found only in the dictionary of fools. - Napoleon Bonaparte
1736%
1737Programmers and translators are doing similar things; they are both translating one language into another. - Japanese engineer
1738%
1739I am all for other authors being cads, but not me. - William Empson
1740%
1741The truth is like poetry, and most people fucking hate poetry. - Overheard in a bar in Washington DC
1742%
1743The writer is that person who, embarking upon her task, does not know what to do. - Donald Barthelme
1744%
1745When an artist has no personal vision, what can he communicate on to the canvas? - Clifford Irving, 'F for Fake' (1973)
1746%
1747Art is a lie that makes us realize truth, at least the truth that is given us to understand. - Pablo Picasso
1748%
1749Learn the rules like a pro, so you can break them like an artist. - Pablo Picasso
1750%
1751When one paints, one loves in a different way. - Séraphine Louis, 'Séraphine' (2008)
1752%
1753Art: Process of abstraction and representation. - Alex Schniedeman, Black+White Photography (2016)
1754%
1755There is nothing worse than a sharp image of a fuzzy concept. - Ansel Adams
1756%
1757This imminence of a revelation which does not occur is, perhaps, the aesthetic phenomenon. - Jorge Luis Borges
1758%
1759It is well to bear in mind that knowledge is like food, and becomes ours only when it is absorbed, assimilated and digested by the intellect. - 'The Key of Knowledge', Champat Rai Jain (1928)
1760%
1761A smart machine is a profoundly paradoxical entity, but a paradox is not a supernatural act. A paradox is a symptom of a breakdown in two competing definitional systems. - Bruce Sterling (1995)
1762%
1763The trouble with the world is that the stupid are cocksure and the intelligent are full of doubt. - Bertrand Russell (1950)
1764%
1765Ignorance more frequently begets confidence than does knowledge. - Charles Darwin
1766%
1767The fool doth think he is wise, but the wise man knows himself to be a fool. - William Shakespeare, 'As You Like It' (1559)
1768%
1769A good educational system should have three purposes: it should provide all who want to learn with access to available resources at any time in their lives; empower all who want to share what they know to find those who want to learn it from them; and, finally, furnish all who want to present an issue to the public with the opportunity to make their challenge known. - Ivan Illich, 'Deschooling Society' (1971)
1770%
1771Sin #1 - Unnecessary distributed parallelism: It does not always make sense to parallelize a computation. Doing so almost inevitably comes with an additional overhead, both in runtime performance and in engineering time. When designing a parallel implementation, its performance should always be compared to an optimized serial implementation in order to understand the overheads involved. If we satisfy ourselves that parallel processing is necessary, it is also worth considering whether distribution over multiple machines is required. The rapid increase in RAM and CPU cores can make local parallelism economical and worthwhile. Establish the need for distributed parallelism on a case by case basis. - Schwarzkopf et al, 'The seven deadly sins of cloud computing research' (2014)
1772%
1773Sin #2 - Assuming performance homogeneity: Virtualized cloud environments exhibit highly variable and sometimes unpredictable performance. Base reported results on multiple benchmark runs, and report the variance. - Schwarzkopf et al, 'The seven deadly sins of cloud computing research' (2014)
1774%
1775Sin #3 - Picking the low-hanging fruit: It is unsurprising that it is easy to beat a general system by specializing it. Few researchers comment on the composability of their solutions.  - Schwarzkopf et al, 'The seven deadly sins of cloud computing research' (2014)
1776%
1777Sin #4 - Forcing the abstraction: In some application domains, it is unclear if a MapReduce-like approach can offer any benefits, and indeed, some have argued that it is fruitless as a research direction. Ideally, future research should build on [iterative processing, stream processing and graph processing], rather than on the MapReduce paradigm. - Schwarzkopf et al, 'The seven deadly sins of cloud computing research' (2014)
1778%
1779Sin #5 - Unrepresentative workloads: The common assumption in academic research systems is that the cluster workload is relatively homogenous. Most research evaluations measure performance by running a single job on an otherwise idle cluster. - Schwarzkopf et al, 'The seven deadly sins of cloud computing research' (2014)
1780%
1781Sin #6 - Assuming perfect elasticity: The cloud paradigm [...] its promise of an unlimited supply of computation. This is, of course, a fallacy. Workloads do not exhibit infinite parallel speedup. The scalability and supply of compute resources are not infinite. There are limits to the scalability of data center communication infrastructure. Another reason for diminishing returns from parallelization is the increasing likelihood of failures and vulnerability to "straggler" tasks.  - Schwarzkopf et al, 'The seven deadly sins of cloud computing research' (2014)
1782%
1783Sin #7 - Ignoring fault tolerance: Many recent systems neglect to account for the performance implications of fault tolerance, or indeed of faults occuring. For each system, we should ask whether fault tolerance is relevant or required. If it is, it makes sense to check precisely what level is required, and what faults are to be protected against; consider and ideally quantify the cost. - Schwarzkopf et al, 'The seven deadly sins of cloud computing research' (2014)
1784%
17851st Fundamental Truth of Networking: It Has To Work.
1786%
17872nd Fundamental Truth of Networking: No matter how hard you push and no matter what the priority, you can't increase the speed of light.
1788%
17892nd Fundamental Truth of Networking (corollary): No matter how hard you try, you can't make a baby in much less than 9 months. Trying to speed this up *might* make it slower, but it won't make it happen any quicker.
1790%
17913rd Fundamental Truth of Networking: With sufficient thrust, pigs fly just fine. However, this is not necessarily a good idea. It is hard to be sure where they are going to land, and it could be dangerous sitting under them as they fly overhead.
1792%
17934th Fundamental Truth of Networking: Some things in life can never be fully appreciated nor understood unless experienced firsthand. Some things in networking can never be fully understood by someone who neither builds commercial networking equipment nor runs an operational network.
1794%
17955th Fundamental Truth of Networking: It is always possible to aglutenate multiple separate problems into a single complex interdependent solution. In most cases this is a bad idea.
1796%
17976th Fundamental Truth of Networking: It is easier to move a problem around than it is to solve it. (For example, by moving the problem to a different part of the overall network architecture)
1798%
17996th Fundamental Truth of Networking (corollary): It is always possible to add another level of indirection.
1800%
18017th Fundamental Truth of Networking: It is always something.
1802%
18037th Fundamental Truth of Networking (corollary): Good, Fast, Cheap: Pick any two. (You can't have all three)
1804%
18058th Fundamental Truth of Networking: It is more complicated than you think.
1806%
18079th Fundamental Truth of Networking: For all resources, whatever it is, you need more.
1808%
18099th Fundamental Truth of Networking (corollary): Every networking problem always takes longer to solve than it seems like it should.
1810%
181110th Fundamental Truth of Networking: One size never fits all.
1812%
181311th Fundamental Truth of Networking: Every old idea will be proposed again with a different name and a different presentation, regardless of whether it works.
1814%
181512th Fundamental Truth of Networking: In protocol design, perfection has been reached not when there is nothing left to add, but when there is nothing left to take away.
1816%
1817Object-oriented programming is an exceptionally bad idea which could only have originated in California. - Edsger Dijkstra
1818%
1819Object-oriented design is the roman numerals of computing. - Rob Pike
1820%
1821The phrase 'object-oriented' means a lot of things. Half are obvious, and the other half are mistakes. - Paul Graham
1822%
1823Implementation inheritance causes the same intertwining and brittleness that have been observed when goto statements are overused. As a result, OO systems often suffer from complexity and lack of reuse. - John Ousterhout Scripting, IEEE Computer, March 1998
1824%
1825Sometimes, the elegant implementation is just a function. Not a method. Not a class. Not a framework. Just a function. - John Carmack
1826%
1827The problem with object-oriented languages is they've got all this implicit environment that they carry around with them. You wanted a banana but what you got was a gorilla holding the banana and the entire jungle. - Joe Armstrong
1828%
1829I used to be enamored of object-oriented programming. I’m now finding myself leaning toward believing that it is a plot designed to destroy joy. - Eric Allman
1830%
1831OO is the 'structured programming' snake oil of the 90's: useful at times, but hardly the 'end all' programing paradigm some like to make out of it. - ESR
1832%
1833The notion of object oriented programming is completely misunderstood. It's not about objects and classes, it's all about messages. - Alan Kay
1834%
1835Motto of the Electrical Engineer: Working hardware is a lot like an erect penis; it stays up as long as you don't fuck with it.
1836%
18371974: 8080 CPU. 1979: SCHEME-79 chip with hardware GC. 2013: Hundreds of inefficient software GCs running on n-GHz 8080 CPUs. Cool industry. - @garybernhardt
1838%
1839The outsourcing plan failed very badly: all these different suppliers who were going to build these major sections couldn't actually do it. - Dominic Gates (Seattle Times) on the Boeing 787 'Dreamliner'
1840%
1841Oh yeah. I'm not flying on a 787 [...] I would definitely avoid flying on a 787. - Cynthia Cole, former 32 year Boeing employee and former President, Boeing Engineers' Union
1842%
1843IDEO's mantra for innovation - 1/5: One conversation at a time.
1844%
1845IDEO's mantra for innovation - 2/5: Stay focused on topic.
1846%
1847IDEO's mantra for innovation - 3/5: Encourage wild ideas.
1848%
1849IDEO's mantra for innovation - 4/5: Defer judgement.
1850%
1851IDEO's mantra for innovation - 5/5: Build on the ideas of others.
1852%
1853Englightened trial and error suceeds over the planning of the lone genius. - Peter Skillman (1999)
1854%
1855Members of a design team should be design process experts rather than product domain experts. - IDEO
1856%
1857Choose a project leader based upon their ability to work with groups. - IDEO
1858%
1859Source design team members from a wide-range of fields. - IDEO
1860%
1861There should not be a hierarchy system in an innovative culture. - IDEO
1862%
1863Speak with domain experts (people who use, provide, and repair the product or service) because it is faster than learning about the product yourself. - IDEO
1864%
1865Fail often in order to succeed sooner. - IDEO
1866%
1867Recipe for Innovation = time + open mind + leader who demands fresh ideas be corky + teamwork + belief chaos can be constructive - IDEO
1868%