· 7 years ago · Jan 01, 2018, 07:30 AM
1information Security and Ethical Hacking
2=========================================
3information -> collection of Data
4Security -> protection
5Ethical -> Legal
6Hacking -> Breaking Security -> illegal
7
8==========================================
9Types of Hackers
101. White Hat
11 Ethical Hackers
12 Works With Permission
13
142. Black Hat
15 Illegal Persons
16 Works Without Permission
17
183. Grey Hat
19 Person who keeps changing their identity
20 Sometimes White hat sometimes Black Hat
21
22===============================================
23
24Gmail:-
25 1. Alternate Email ID
26 2. Recovery Email ID
27
28 shashit577@gmail.com -> ok
29
30 Shashit577@gmail.com -> ok
31
32 SHASHIT577@GMAIL.COM -> ok
33
34 ShAsHiT577@gMaIl.CoM -> ok
35
36 Shashit775@gmail.com -> XX
37
38================================================
39Cyber Laws:-
40
41================================================
42
43Network Terminology:-
44
45Computer Network -> Collection of Devices (Routers,Switches, Hub, Computers, Laptops, Mobile Phones)
46Social Network -> Collection of Friends, Family , Colleagues etcc
47ISP -> Internet Service Provider -> Company which provide Internet Service
48Name of Some ISP's
49Airtel
50BSNL
51JIO
52Vodafone
53etcc
54
55Govt. Records
56Registered Companies
57
58Routers:-
59Switch:-
60IP (Internet Protocol) -> To identify a system Uniquely
61
62IP Versions
63
641. IPv4
65 its Length is 32 bit divided into 4 equal parts
66 each Octet is of 8 bits
67
68 A.B.C.D
69 0-255 (total 256)
70
71 44.111.111.222 (Can be Dynamic or Static)
72
73 556.267.111.222 ->X
74
75 Subnet Mask
76
77 255.0.0.0
78 255.255.255.255 Broadcast Address
79 0.0.0.0
80 127.0.0.1 loopback address
81
82 Total IP in IPv4 -> 4,294,967,296 (almost 4.3 billion)
83
84 India' population -> 1.324 billion
85
86 Mobile Phones
87 Laptop
88 Computer
89 jiofi
90
91 IOT -> Internet Of Things
92
93
942. IPv6
95 128 bits
96 Octet-8
97 A:B:C:D:E:F:G:H
98 each octet is of 16 bits
99 ALFA-NUMERICAL
100 Alfa - a to z
101 Numeric - 0 to 9
102 0-9/a-f Hexadecimal (16)
103
104 F823:1234:ABC3:4422:44AB:ABC3:4422:44AB -> OK
105 AAAA:BBBB:CCCC:DDDD:EEEE:FFFF:GGGG:HHHH -> XX
106====================================================
107
108 tYPES OF IP:-
109
110 1. Public IP
111 Provide by ISP
112 It is Dynamic (until we purchase it)
113 This will remain same for complete network
114 This is Unique in the whole world
115 This IP makes log everywhere on inter-net
116
117 30/aug/2017 -> 2:30pm
118 Shashi kant
119 Fake id
120 SHopkeeper
121
122 Google -> what is my ip?
123 www.ipchicken.com
124 www.ipcow.com
125 www.whatismyip.com
126
127 Details:-
128
129IP -> 124.253.1.192
130Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:57.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/57.0
131Hostname = NULL
132Device = PC
133Operating System = Windows NT 10.0
134Browser Name = Firefox
135Browser Version = 57.0
136Is Mobile Device = False
137Is Beta = False
138Is Crawler = False
139Screen Resolution = 1024 x 768
140Window Size = 1024 x 768
141
142
143 Locate a IP
144 1. WWW.IP2LOCATION.COM
145
146 2. Private IP
147 Provided by Router/DHCP (Dynamic Host Config. Protocol)
148 This IP remain Unique in Network
149 Windows -> CMD -> ipconfig
150 Linux -> Terminal -> ifconfig
151
152 Windows
153
154 Link-local IPv6 Address . . . . . : fe80::6049:9f42:13dd:939%13
155 IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.12
156 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
157 (Router) Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : fe80::ed2:b5ff:fe63:2723%13
158 192.168.1.1
159
160 0-255
161 0 Nework id
162 1 1st Host
163 254 last Host
164 255 Broadcat Address
165
166========================================================
167Protocols:-
168Protocol. ... Perhaps the most important computer protocol is OSI (Open Systems Interconnection), a set of guidelines for implementing networking communications between computers. Among the most important sets of Internet protocols are TCP/IP, HTTPS, SMTP, and DNS.
169====================================================
170DHCP -> Dynamic HOst Config. Protocol
171This protocol is a part of Router, whose work is to allocate 3 things to every single device in a network connected to it
172LAN and Wi-Fi
173
1741. IP
1752. Subnet MAsk
1763. Default Gateway
177
178====================================================
179NAT (Network Address Translation)
180
181It divides one Public IP into Multiple Private IP.
182Advantage: To reduce wastage of Public IP.
183
184====================================================
185-II
186
187Protocols : Set of rules
188
189HTTP -> Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
190HTTPS -> Secure -> encrypted
191SSH -> Secure Shell -> Remote access
192FTP -> File Transfer Protocol
193SFTP -> Secure -> Encrypted
194SMTP -> Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
195POP -> Post Office Protocol
196IMAP -> Internet Message Access Protocol
197TCP/IP -> Transmission Control Protocol /Internet Protocol
198UDP/IP -> User Datagram Protocol / Internet Protocol
199
200====================================================
201PORTS:-
202
203TYpes of Ports:-
2041.Hardware/Physical Ports
205 USB, HDMI, PS2, VGA, AUX, LAN etc
206
2072.Software/Logical Ports
208 Virtual Ports
209 65536
210 0-65535
211
212 FTP =21
213 HTTP =80
214 HTTPs= 443
215 etc
216
217====================================================
218Firewall:-
219 TYpes of Firewall:-
220 1. Hardware
221 2. Software
222
223 ACL's (Access Control LIst)
224
225====================================================
226DNS (Domain Name Server/Service)
227
228 POrt -> 53
229 Name to IP and IP to Name resolution
230
231====================================================
232Proxy:-
233 To change Identity
234
235 MOzilla -> Kproxy (extension)
236
237 VPN
238
239
240
241H.W
2421 What are Skimmers?